CN111886796B - Driving device, electric vehicle, and control method for driving device - Google Patents
Driving device, electric vehicle, and control method for driving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111886796B CN111886796B CN201880091437.7A CN201880091437A CN111886796B CN 111886796 B CN111886796 B CN 111886796B CN 201880091437 A CN201880091437 A CN 201880091437A CN 111886796 B CN111886796 B CN 111886796B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
Abstract
In the driving device, the main control circuit detects a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, multiplies the first charge voltage by a preset coefficient after starting the discharge by the discharge resistor until a preset set time elapses, thereby calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage, which is a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses, detects a second charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the set time elapses, compares the second charge voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage, and controls the discharge control circuit to continue the discharge by the discharge resistor when the second charge voltage is equal to or less than the continuously dischargeable voltage, and controls the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge by the discharge resistor when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a driving device, an electric vehicle, and a control method of the driving device.
Background
Conventionally, an electric two-wheeled vehicle using a battery as a power source and a three-phase motor (hereinafter simply referred to as a motor) as a power source has been widely known.
In such an electric two-wheeled vehicle, in order to drive the motor, a three-phase full-bridge circuit (i.e., an inverter circuit) including a high-side switch and a low-side switch for each phase is used to control the energization of each phase coil of the motor by a battery.
In addition, a smoothing capacitor is provided between the battery and the three-phase full-bridge circuit.
In order to discharge the charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor, conventionally, a discharge resistor is generally used for discharging.
However, when a large voltage is applied to the discharge resistor in a state where the smoothing capacitor is connected to the battery, there is a problem in that the heat generated from the discharge resistor is excessively large.
In Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2013-38895, a discharge circuit of a capacitor is disclosed. However, the problem with such discharge circuits is that: in order to ensure a discharge path even when an abnormality occurs in the resistor of the discharge circuit, a parallel connection body for connecting a high-resistance resistor between input terminals of an inverter is used, and the discharge resistance is increased in size.
In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a driving device, an electric vehicle, and a method for controlling the driving device, which can reduce the size of a discharge resistor while preventing an excessive amount of heat generation of the discharge resistor.
Disclosure of Invention
A driving device according to an aspect of the present invention includes:
a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of a battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor;
a main control circuit for controlling the operation of the discharge control circuit; and
a drive circuit that supplies an alternating-current voltage obtained by converting a direct-current voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to a motor to drive the motor,
Wherein the main control circuit
In passing through
Before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
In the case of the driving device in question,
when the second charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit so that the discharge of the smoothing capacitor is continuously performed through the discharge resistor until the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor becomes equal to or lower than a third charging voltage that is lower than the second charging voltage.
In the case of the driving device in question,
when the second charging voltage is less than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to maintain connection of the discharge resistor and the smoothing capacitor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to block the discharge resistor from the smoothing capacitor.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the main control circuit calculates the continuously dischargeable voltage before the start of discharge by the discharge resistor.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the coefficient is set to be associated with a minimum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the coefficient is set to vary according to the elapsed time after the start of the discharge,
the main control circuit calculates the continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying a coefficient when the elapsed time is the set time by the first charging voltage.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the main control circuit monitors the first charge voltage and the accumulated value of the coefficient for each period in a period shorter than the set time after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor, and controls the discharge control circuit based on the monitoring result.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the main control circuit
Calculating a lower limit charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses by multiplying the first charge voltage by a second coefficient set to be associated with a maximum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses,
and when the second charging voltage is greater than or equal to the lower limit charging voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continue discharging through the discharge resistor.
In the case of the driving device in question,
The main control circuit further controls the operation of the driving circuit.
In the case of the driving device in question,
when the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor, the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor is controlled by controlling the drive circuit.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the driving circuit has:
a first transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a first output terminal of a first phase;
a second transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a second output terminal of a second phase;
a third transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a third output terminal of a third phase;
a fourth transistor having one end connected to the first output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal;
a fifth transistor having one end connected to the second output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal; and
a sixth transistor having one end connected to the third output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal,
The main control circuit controls discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor by controlling the first to sixth transistors.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit according to a detection result of the first charging voltage, a calculation result of the continuously dischargeable voltage, a detection result of the second charging voltage, and a comparison result of the second charging voltage and the continuously dischargeable voltage when the smoothing capacitor is connected with the battery.
In the case of the driving device in question,
the discharge control circuit detects the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage and outputs information related to the first and second charging voltages to the main control circuit,
the main control circuit detects the first and second charging voltages by inputting the information.
An electric vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention includes a battery, a motor, and a driving device, and is characterized in that:
the driving device includes:
a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of the battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
A discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor;
a main control circuit for controlling the operation of the discharge control circuit; and
a drive circuit that supplies an alternating-current voltage obtained by converting a direct-current voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to the motor to drive the motor,
wherein the main control circuit
Before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
Detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
A control method of a driving device according to an aspect of the present invention includes:
a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of a battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor; and
A drive circuit that supplies an ac voltage after power conversion of a dc voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to a motor to drive the motor, characterized in that:
before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
Effects of the invention
A driving device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to the positive electrode of the battery and a ground terminal connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal; a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor; a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor; a main control circuit for controlling the operation of the discharge control circuit; and a drive circuit that supplies an alternating current voltage obtained by converting a direct current voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to the motor to drive the motor, wherein the main control circuit detects a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal before starting discharge by the discharge resistor, calculates a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after starting discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, and detects a second charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, compares the second charge voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage when the set time elapses, and controls the discharge control circuit to continue discharge by the discharge resistor when the second charge voltage is equal to or less than the continuously dischargeable voltage, and on the other hand, controls the discharge control circuit to stop discharge by the discharge resistor when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage.
Thus, according to the driving device of the present invention, the discharge resistor can be reduced in size while preventing an excessive heat generation amount of the discharge resistor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an electric vehicle control device 100 according to a first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a charge voltage chart showing an example of the operation of the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments shown below do not limit the present invention. In the drawings to which the embodiments refer, the same or similar symbols are added to the same portions or portions having the same functions, and repetitive description thereof is omitted.
(first embodiment)
First, a control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment, which is an example of a driving device, will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of an electric vehicle control device 100 according to a first embodiment.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment generates driving voltages MU, MV, MW from the voltage of the battery B, and drives the motor M by the driving voltages MU, MV, MW.
When the motor M regenerates, the electric vehicle control device 100 converts the back electromotive force output from the motor M into a dc regenerative voltage, and supplies the dc regenerative voltage between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG, thereby charging the battery BH.
As shown in fig. 1, for example, the control device 100 for an electric vehicle includes: a power supply terminal TB; a ground terminal TG; a smoothing capacitor FC; a discharge resistor FR; a discharge control circuit FX; a driving circuit Z; and a main control circuit CON.
Wherein the motor M is used to drive wheels of, for example, an electric two-wheeled vehicle.
The control device 100 for an electric vehicle, the battery B, and the switch SW are mounted on, for example, the electric motorcycle described above.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the positive electrode of battery B is connected to power supply terminal TB via switch SW.
The ground terminal TG is connected to the negative electrode of the battery B, for example, as shown in fig. 1.
One end of the switch SW is connected to the positive electrode of the battery B, and the other end is connected to the power supply terminal TB. The switch SW is turned on to electrically conduct between the positive electrode of the battery B and the power supply terminal TB. On the other hand, the switch SW is turned off to electrically block the positive electrode of the battery B from the power supply terminal TB.
As will be described later, the switch SW is controlled to be turned on or off by the main control circuit CON.
Further, the smoothing capacitor FC is connected between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG. The smoothing capacitor FC is charged with a voltage supplied between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, smoothing capacitor FC is charged with the voltage output from battery B. The smoothing capacitor FC may be charged with the regenerative power output from the drive circuit Z.
The discharge resistor FR is connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor FC between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG, as shown in fig. 1, for example. The discharge resistor FR is used to discharge the smoothing capacitor FC. The discharge resistor FR is, for example, a single resistor, and is disposed so as to be housed in a limited space of the control device 100 for an electric vehicle.
The discharge control circuit FX is connected in series with the discharge resistor FR between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG, for example, as shown in fig. 1.
For example, in the illustration of fig. 1, one end of the discharge resistor FR is connected to the power supply terminal TB. One end of the discharge control circuit FX is connected to the other end of the discharge resistor FR, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal TG.
The discharge control circuit FX controls discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the discharge resistor FR.
The discharge control circuit FX discharges the smoothing capacitor FC by conducting between the other end of the discharge resistor FR and the ground terminal TG (the other end of the smoothing capacitor FC), for example.
On the other hand, when the smoothing capacitor FC is in a charged state, the discharge control circuit FX blocks (i.e., closes) between the other end of the discharge resistor FR and the ground terminal TG (the other end of the smoothing capacitor FC).
The discharge control circuit FX operates by a voltage between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG (a charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC). For example, the discharge control circuit FX is started when the voltage between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG (the charging voltage VFC of the smoothing capacitor FC) reaches a predetermined value or more.
In driving the motor M, the driving circuit Z supplies three-phase ac voltages MU, MV, MW obtained by converting the dc voltage between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG to the motor M through the first output terminal TU, the second output terminal TV, and the third output terminal TW, for example, as shown in fig. 1, thereby driving the motor M.
On the other hand, when the motor M regenerates, the drive circuit Z converts back electromotive force (supplied through the first output terminal TU, the second output terminal TV, and the third output terminal TW) output from the motor M into a dc regenerated voltage, and supplies the dc regenerated voltage between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG. That is, the drive circuit Z is configured to return (charge) the regenerative power supplied from the motor M to the battery B and the smoothing capacitor FC.
When the switch SW is in the on state (not in the blocking state described later), the regenerative electric power is also charged into the battery B, and the charging voltage VFC of the smoothing capacitor FC increases slowly.
The driving circuit Z, for example, as shown in fig. 1, includes: a first output terminal TU; a second output terminal TV; a third output terminal TW; a first transistor Q1; a second transistor Q2; a third transistor Q3; a fourth transistor Q4; a fifth transistor Q5; a sixth transistor Q6; a first diode D1; a second diode D2; a third diode D3; a fourth diode D4; a fifth diode D5; and a sixth diode D6.
The first output terminal TU is connected to a U-phase coil (not shown) of the motor M.
The second output terminal TV is connected to a V-phase coil (not shown) of the motor M.
The third output terminal TW is connected to a W-phase coil (not shown) of the motor M.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, one end (drain) of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply terminal TB, and the other end (source) is connected to the first output terminal TU of the first phase (U-phase). The first transistor Q1 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the power supply terminal TB, and the anode is connected to the first output terminal TU.
One end (drain) of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply terminal TB, and the other end (source) is connected to the second output terminal TV of the second phase (V-phase). The second transistor Q2 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The second diode D2 has a cathode connected to the power supply terminal TB and an anode connected to the second output terminal TV.
One end (drain) of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the power supply terminal TB, and the other end (source) is connected to the third output terminal TW of the third phase (W-phase). The third transistor Q3 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The third diode D3 has a cathode connected to the power supply terminal TB and an anode connected to the third output terminal TW.
One end (drain) of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the first output terminal TU, and the other end (source) is connected to the ground terminal TG. The fourth transistor Q4 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The fourth diode D4 has a cathode connected to the first output terminal TU and an anode connected to the ground terminal TG.
One end (source) of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the second output terminal TV, and the other end (drain) is connected to the ground terminal TG. The fifth transistor Q5 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The fifth diode D5 has a cathode connected to the second output terminal TV and an anode connected to the ground terminal TG.
One end (source) of the sixth transistor Q6 is connected to the third output terminal TW, and the other end (drain) is connected to the ground terminal TG. The sixth transistor Q6 is an nMOS transistor in the illustration of fig. 1.
The cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the third output terminal TW, and the anode is connected to the ground terminal TG.
The first to sixth transistors Q1 to Q6 are operated in a predetermined mode by supplying the gate control signals (gate voltages) output from the main control circuit CON to the gates of the first to sixth transistors Q1 to Q6.
The main control circuit CON turns off the switch SW once the battery B is fully charged, and turns on the switch SW once the voltage of the battery B is lower than a prescribed value.
The main control circuit CON controls the operation of the discharge control circuit FX.
Before the start of discharge by the discharge resistor FR, the main control circuit CON detects the first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG.
After detecting the first charge voltage, the main control circuit CON multiplies the detected first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor FR until a predetermined set time elapses, thereby calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage, which is a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor FR when the set time elapses.
When the set time elapses, the main control circuit CON detects the second charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG.
After detecting the second charging voltage, the main control circuit CON compares the detected second charging voltage with the calculated continuously dischargeable voltage.
When the second charge voltage is equal to or lower than the allowable discharge voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to continue the discharge through the discharge resistor FR.
On the other hand, when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to stop the discharge by the discharge resistor FR.
When the second charge voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX so that the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC is continuously performed through the discharge resistor FR until the charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC becomes equal to or lower than the third charge voltage smaller than the second charge voltage. The third charge voltage refers to a low voltage that can be regarded as, for example, the completion of discharging of the smoothing capacitor FC.
When the second charge voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to maintain the connection between the discharge resistor FR and the smoothing capacitor FC, thereby controlling the discharge control circuit FX to continue discharging through the discharge resistor FR.
On the other hand, when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to block the discharge resistor FR from the smoothing capacitor FC, thereby controlling the discharge control circuit FX to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor FR.
The coefficient for calculating the continuously dischargeable voltage is set to be associated with the minimum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor FC predicted when the set time elapses. Further, the coefficient is set to vary according to the elapsed time after the start of discharge. At this time, the main control circuit CON multiplies the first charge voltage by a coefficient when the elapsed time is the set time to calculate the continuously dischargeable voltage.
After the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor FR, the main control circuit CON monitors the accumulated value of the first charge voltage and the coefficient for each period in a monitoring period shorter than a set time, and controls the discharge control circuit FX based on the monitoring result. For example, the main control circuit CON compares the accumulated value obtained by multiplying the first charge voltage by the coefficient of each monitoring period with the charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC actually detected in each monitoring period, and when the actual charge voltage is maintained to be smaller than the accumulated value until the set time elapses, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge to continue through the discharge resistor FR.
The main control circuit CON multiplies the first charge voltage by a second coefficient set to be associated with the maximum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor FC predicted when the set time elapses, thereby calculating the lower limit charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC predicted when the set time elapses. When the second charge voltage is equal to or higher than the lower limit charge voltage, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to continue the discharge through the discharge resistor.
When the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to stop the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the discharge resistor FR, the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the motor M is controlled by controlling the driving circuit Z. That is, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the motor M by controlling the first to sixth transistors Q1 to Q6.
When the smoothing capacitor FC is connected to the battery B, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX based on the detection result of the first charge voltage, the calculation result of the continuously dischargeable voltage, the detection result of the second charge voltage, and the comparison result of the second charge voltage and the continuously dischargeable voltage.
Hereinafter, an operation example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of fig. 2. Where the flow chart of fig. 2 will be repeated as necessary.
First, before the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the discharge resistor FR starts, the main control circuit CON detects a first charge voltage (step S1). For example, the detection of the first charging voltage may be performed when the rotation speed of the rotor of the motor M is lower than a preset threshold speed.
After detecting the first charging voltage, the main control circuit CON calculates a continuously dischargeable voltage based on the detected first charging voltage and a coefficient stored in advance in a memory portion of the main control circuit CON (step S2).
Fig. 3 is a charge voltage chart showing an example of the operation of the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment. In the illustration of fig. 3, the main control circuit CON calculates, as the continuously dischargeable voltage, the product of the first charge voltage and the minimum coefficient set to the minimum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor FC and the minimum coefficient when the elapsed time after the start of discharge (i.e., time t 1) is the set time (i.e., time t 2).
After calculating the continuously dischargeable voltage, as shown in fig. 2, the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to start discharging the smoothing capacitor FC through the discharge resistor FR (step S3).
After the discharge control circuit FX is controlled to start discharging the smoothing capacitor FC through the discharge resistor FR, the main control circuit CON determines whether or not a set period has elapsed after the start of discharging (step S4).
When the set period has elapsed (Yes in step S4), the main control circuit CON detects the second charging voltage (step S5).
After detecting the second charging voltage, the main control circuit CON compares the detected second charging voltage with the calculated continuously dischargeable voltage, and determines whether the second charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage (step S6).
When the second charge voltage is equal to or lower than the allowable discharge voltage (Yes in step S6), the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to continue the discharge through the discharge resistor FR (step S7). In the illustration of fig. 3, the charging voltage at normal times shifts by a value smaller than the product of the minimum coefficient and the first charging voltage. The normal charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage when the set time t2 elapses, that is, when the second charging voltage is lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage. At this time, the smoothing capacitor FC is continuously discharged, for example, through the discharge resistor FR until the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC is completed.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 2, when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage (step S6: no), the main control circuit CON controls the discharge control circuit FX to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor FR (step S8). In the diagram of fig. 3, the charge voltage at the time of abnormality shifts by a value larger than the product of the minimum coefficient and the first charge voltage. The abnormal charge voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage when the set time t2 elapses, that is, when the second charge voltage is lower. At this time, the discharge control circuit FX blocks the discharge resistor FR from the smoothing capacitor FC, and the discharge of the smoothing capacitor FC by the discharge resistor FR is stopped.
After the control to stop the discharge by the discharge resistor FR (step S8), the main control circuit CON drives and controls the first to sixth transistors Q1 to Q6 to discharge the smoothing capacitor FC by the motor M.
As described above, in the control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment, the main control circuit detects the first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal before the start of discharge by the discharge resistor. The main control circuit multiplies the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, thereby calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage, which is a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses. The main control circuit detects a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal when a set time elapses. The main control circuit compares the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage, and controls the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor when the second charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage. On the other hand, when the second charge voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge by the discharge resistor.
According to the control device for an electric vehicle of the first embodiment, when the second charging voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the discharge by the discharge resistor can be stopped. In this way, since a large voltage can be prevented from being applied to the discharge resistor, an excessive amount of heat generation of the discharge resistor can be prevented, and since it is not necessary to form a large discharge resistor to ensure the withstand voltage of the discharge resistor, the discharge resistor can be miniaturized.
In addition, when the second charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit can control the discharge control circuit to continue the discharge of the smoothing capacitor through the discharge resistor until the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor becomes equal to or lower than the third charging voltage that is lower than the second charging voltage. By doing so, the smoothing capacitor can be completely discharged.
When the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to maintain connection of the discharge resistor and the smoothing capacitor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit can control the discharge control circuit to block the discharge resistor from the smoothing capacitor. Thus, the continuous discharge and the stop of the discharge can be accurately performed with a simple structure.
The main control circuit can calculate the allowable discharge voltage before the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor. In this way, even when the setting time is short, the continuously dischargeable voltage can be accurately compared with the second charging voltage.
Further, the coefficient can be set to be associated with a minimum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses. Thus, the allowable discharge voltage can be accurately calculated.
When the coefficient is set to change according to the elapsed time after the start of discharge, the main control circuit can calculate the continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by the coefficient when the elapsed time is the set time. Thus, the allowable discharge voltage can be calculated more accurately.
The main control circuit monitors the first charge voltage and the accumulated value of the coefficient for each period in a period shorter than the set time after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor, and controls the discharge control circuit based on the monitoring result. In this way, the discharge by the discharge resistor can be more appropriately controlled.
The main control circuit is capable of calculating a lower limit charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses by multiplying the first charge voltage by a second coefficient set to be associated with a maximum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses, and when the second charge voltage is equal to or greater than the lower limit charge voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continue the discharge by the discharge resistor. In this way, the discharge by the discharge resistor can be more appropriately controlled.
The main control circuit can further control the operation of the driving circuit. In this way, the common control circuit can control the discharge by the discharge resistor and the operation of the driving circuit, and thus the number of components can be suppressed.
When the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor, the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor can be controlled by controlling the drive circuit. In this way, when the discharge by the discharge resistor is stopped, the smooth capacitor FC can be accurately discharged by switching to the discharge by the motor.
The driving circuit has first to sixth transistors, and the main control circuit is capable of controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor by controlling the first to sixth transistors. In this way, the discharge by the motor can be easily and accurately performed by the first to sixth transistors.
When the smoothing capacitor is connected with the battery, the main control circuit can control the discharge control circuit according to the detection result of the first charging voltage, the calculation result of the continuously dischargeable voltage, the detection result of the second charging voltage, and the comparison result of the second charging voltage and the continuously dischargeable voltage. In this way, even in a state where a large voltage is applied to the discharge resistor due to the connection of the smoothing capacitor to the battery, the discharge by the discharge resistor can be controlled so that the heat generation amount of the discharge resistor does not become excessively large.
(second embodiment)
Next, a control device 100 for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4.
In the first embodiment, the main control circuit CON directly detects the charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC.
In contrast, in the second embodiment, the discharge control circuit FX detects the charging voltage VFC of the smoothing capacitor FC between the power supply terminal TB and the ground terminal TG.
Then, information on the charging voltage VFC is output to the main control circuit CON.
The main control circuit CON indirectly detects the charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor FC based on the information input from the discharge control circuit FX.
According to the second embodiment, it is possible to simplify the circuit structure as compared with the first embodiment.
Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples, and do not limit the scope of the invention. The embodiments can be implemented in various other modes, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention described in the patent claims and equivalents thereof.
Symbol description
100. Control device for electric vehicle
M motor
TB power supply terminal
TG (insulated Gate Bipolar transistor) grounding terminal
FC smoothing capacitor
FR discharge resistor
FX discharge control circuit
Z driving circuit
CON main control circuit
Q1 first transistor
Q2 second transistor
Q3 third transistor
Q4 fourth transistor
Q5 fifth transistor
Q6 sixth transistor
Claims (15)
1. A driving device, characterized by comprising:
a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of a battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor;
a main control circuit for controlling the operation of the discharge control circuit; and
a drive circuit that supplies an alternating-current voltage obtained by converting a direct-current voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to a motor to drive the motor,
Wherein the main control circuit
In passing through
Before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
2. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
when the second charging voltage is equal to or lower than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit so that the discharge of the smoothing capacitor is continuously performed through the discharge resistor until the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor becomes equal to or lower than a third charging voltage that is lower than the second charging voltage.
3. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
when the second charging voltage is less than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to maintain connection of the discharge resistor and the smoothing capacitor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is greater than the continuously dischargeable voltage, the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to block the discharge resistor from the smoothing capacitor.
4. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the main control circuit calculates the continuously dischargeable voltage before the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor.
5. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
Wherein the coefficient is set to be associated with a minimum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses.
6. The drive device according to claim 4, wherein:
wherein the coefficient is set to vary according to an elapsed time after the start of the discharge,
the main control circuit calculates the continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying a coefficient when the elapsed time is the set time by the first charging voltage.
7. The drive device according to claim 6, wherein:
wherein the main control circuit monitors the first charge voltage and the accumulated value of the coefficient for each period in a period shorter than the set time after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor, and controls the discharge control circuit based on a result of the monitoring.
8. The drive device according to claim 4, wherein:
wherein the main control circuit
Calculating a lower limit charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses by multiplying the first charge voltage by a second coefficient set to be associated with a maximum value of the discharge amount of the smoothing capacitor predicted when the set time elapses,
And when the second charging voltage is greater than or equal to the lower limit charging voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continue discharging through the discharge resistor.
9. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the main control circuit further controls the operation of the driving circuit.
10. The drive device according to claim 8, wherein:
when the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor, the discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor is controlled by controlling the drive circuit.
11. The drive device according to claim 9, wherein:
wherein the driving circuit has:
a first transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a first output terminal of a first phase;
a second transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a second output terminal of a second phase;
a third transistor having one end connected to the power supply terminal and the other end connected to a third output terminal of a third phase;
A fourth transistor having one end connected to the first output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal;
a fifth transistor having one end connected to the second output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal; and
a sixth transistor having one end connected to the third output terminal and the other end connected to the ground terminal,
the main control circuit controls discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the motor by controlling the first to sixth transistors.
12. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
the main control circuit controls the discharge control circuit according to a detection result of the first charging voltage, a calculation result of the continuously dischargeable voltage, a detection result of the second charging voltage, and a comparison result of the second charging voltage and the continuously dischargeable voltage when the smoothing capacitor is connected with the battery.
13. The drive device according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the discharge control circuit detects the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage and outputs information related to the first and second charging voltages to the main control circuit,
The main control circuit detects the first and second charging voltages by inputting the information.
14. An electric vehicle including a battery, a motor, and a driving device, characterized in that:
the driving device includes:
a smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of the battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor;
a main control circuit for controlling the operation of the discharge control circuit; and
a drive circuit that supplies an alternating-current voltage obtained by converting a direct-current voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to the motor to drive the motor,
Wherein the main control circuit
Before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
15. A control method of a driving apparatus, the driving apparatus comprising:
A smoothing capacitor connected between a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of a battery and a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and charged with a voltage supplied from the battery between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal;
a discharge resistor connected in parallel with the smoothing capacitor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal for discharging the smoothing capacitor;
a discharge control circuit connected in series with the discharge resistor between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, for controlling discharge of the smoothing capacitor by the discharge resistor; and
a drive circuit that supplies an ac voltage after power conversion of a dc voltage between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal to a motor to drive the motor, characterized in that:
before starting the discharge by the discharge resistor, detecting a first charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor,
calculating a continuously dischargeable voltage by multiplying the first charge voltage by a predetermined coefficient after the start of the discharge by the discharge resistor until a predetermined set time elapses, the continuously dischargeable voltage being a charge voltage of the smoothing capacitor which is predicted to be continuously dischargeable by the discharge resistor when the set time elapses,
Detecting a second charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor when the set time elapses,
comparing the second charging voltage with the continuously dischargeable voltage,
and when the second charging voltage is smaller than or equal to the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to continuously discharge through the discharge resistor, and on the other hand, when the second charging voltage is larger than the continuously dischargeable voltage, controlling the discharge control circuit to stop the discharge through the discharge resistor.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/012750 WO2019186762A1 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | Drive device, electric vehicle, and drive device control method |
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| CN111886796A CN111886796A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| CN111886796B true CN111886796B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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| JP (1) | JP7083891B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111886796B (en) |
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| CN101997442A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-30 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | Discharge circuit for smoothing capacitor of DC power supply |
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| CN107508528A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | The limitation active discharge circuit certainly of electric vehicle inverter |
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| TW200803134A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-01 | Yuieh Hsene Electronics Co Ltd | Driving circuit of power converter for modular matching |
| JP5623994B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Power converter |
| JP2013143818A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Semiconductor fuse device |
| CN104953686B (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-02-22 | 国家电网公司 | Control method for charge-discharge virtual synchronization motor for electromobile energy storage |
| JP6536812B2 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-07-03 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Power converter |
| JP2017060225A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-03-23 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | Inverter device |
| JP6561803B2 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2019-08-21 | スズキ株式会社 | High voltage controller |
| CN107809223B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2023-06-09 | 恩智浦美国有限公司 | Low temperature coefficient clock signal generator |
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- 2018-03-28 JP JP2020510295A patent/JP7083891B2/en active Active
- 2018-03-28 WO PCT/JP2018/012750 patent/WO2019186762A1/en active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101997442A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-30 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | Discharge circuit for smoothing capacitor of DC power supply |
| JP2015033232A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-16 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Method for detecting anomaly in power supply circuit |
| JP2016201929A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-12-01 | オムロンオートモーティブエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Power supply device, and control method for power supply device |
| CN107508528A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | The limitation active discharge circuit certainly of electric vehicle inverter |
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| JP7083891B2 (en) | 2022-06-13 |
| JPWO2019186762A1 (en) | 2021-03-18 |
| TW202005256A (en) | 2020-01-16 |
| WO2019186762A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
| TWI732199B (en) | 2021-07-01 |
| CN111886796A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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