CN111880312A - Optical device, beam shaping method and application module - Google Patents
Optical device, beam shaping method and application module Download PDFInfo
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- CN111880312A CN111880312A CN202010619096.5A CN202010619096A CN111880312A CN 111880312 A CN111880312 A CN 111880312A CN 202010619096 A CN202010619096 A CN 202010619096A CN 111880312 A CN111880312 A CN 111880312A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
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Abstract
The present invention provides an optical device comprising: at least one first optical part and at least one second optical part positioned outside the first optical part; wherein the first optic portion comprises: at least one first optical unit having different or the same refractive index; the second optical portion includes: at least one second optical unit having a different or same refractive index; the light beams are refracted through the first optical unit and/or the second optical unit to form different sub-light beams to be emitted. Based on the optical device and the application module provided by the invention, diversified shaping of light beams can be realized, the size is small, direct output can be realized, and the optical device and the application module can be flexibly applied to scenes with different requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optics, in particular to an optical device, a light beam shaping method and an application module.
Background
In the prior art, optical processing components generally include lenses, waveguides and the like, and these devices generally need to be combined with multiple surface types in the optical shaping process, and also need to consider the requirements of specific applications on light beams, which mostly results in complex and bulky optical systems.
For example, in the field of beam splitting, in order to obtain beams or light spots in various forms, a general idea is to combine a plurality of lenses with special surface shapes to shape the beams, and in consideration of requirements of a final application scene on parameters such as beam quality, other optical processing elements are also introduced adaptively.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one of the main objectives of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an optical device, a beam shaping method and an application module, which can implement multiple processing of a beam, have a small volume, can directly output the beam, and can be flexibly applied to scenes with different requirements.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the present invention provides an optical device comprising: at least one first optical part and at least one second optical part positioned outside the first optical part; wherein the first optic portion comprises: at least one first optical unit having different or the same refractive index; the second optical portion includes: at least one second optical unit having a different or same refractive index; the light beams are refracted by the first optical unit and/or the second optical unit to form different sub-light beams to be emitted.
In the above scheme, the first optical portion includes a first optical unit, the second optical portion includes at least two second optical units, and the at least two second optical units are arranged and distributed in a contact manner and/or in a spaced manner.
In the above scheme, the first optical portion includes at least two first optical units, the second optical portion includes one second optical unit, and the at least two first optical units are arranged and distributed in a contact manner and/or in a spaced manner.
In the above solution, the first optical portion includes at least two first optical units, and the second optical portion includes at least two second optical units, where the at least two first optical units are arranged and distributed in a contact manner and/or arranged and distributed in a spaced manner; at least two second optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode.
In the above scheme, the light beam enters from the end of the device, is refracted by each first optical unit and/or second optical unit, and then exits from the outer exit surface or end exit surface of each second optical unit and/or the outer exit surface or end exit surface of each first optical unit, so as to form sub-light beams of different shapes.
In the above aspect, the exit surface outside the second optical unit and the first optical unit includes: a plane surface, and/or a convex surface, and/or a concave surface, the exit surfaces of the second optical unit and the first optical unit end portions including: flat, and/or convex, and/or concave; the interface of a first optical unit with an adjacent first or second optical unit comprises: flat, and/or curved.
In the scheme, different refractive indexes are realized by selecting the temperature, the material and the form of the material, and/or different refractive indexes are realized by plating a stripe film system.
In the above scheme, the total reflection or refraction of the light beam at the interface of the first optical unit and the second optical unit is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the first optical unit and the second optical unit; and the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the first optical unit and the second optical unit and enter the second optical unit, and the light beams which meet the total reflection condition are totally reflected in the first optical unit until being emitted.
In the scheme, the light beam is controlled to be totally reflected or refracted on the interface of the adjacent first optical unit by adjusting the parameter of the first optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent first optical units and enter the corresponding first optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the first optical unit until being emitted; controlling the light beam to be totally reflected or refracted at the interface of the adjacent second optical unit by adjusting the parameters of the second optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent second optical units and enter the corresponding second optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the second optical unit until being emitted.
The invention also provides a light beam shaping method, which is realized based on the optical device and realizes the directional shaping of the light beam by controlling the trend of the light beam by using the change of the refractive index, wherein the directional shaping comprises the following steps: focusing, diverging, beam expanding, beam combining, beam splitting and homogenizing.
The invention also provides an application module, which comprises the optical device and the reflecting mirror, wherein the reflecting mirror is arranged on the light path of each sub-beam and is used for adjusting the propagation direction of each sub-beam.
The invention also provides an application module which comprises the optical device and the light source, wherein the light source is arranged on the light path of each sub-beam, and the light beams emitted by the light source are combined by the optical device based on the reversibility of the light path.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: can utilize the accurate control light beam trend of refracting index, the form of each optical unit is unlimited, structural style is unlimited, and the refracting index change can set up wantonly according to the demand, and flexibility ratio and degree of freedom are higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a beam splitting diagram of a first embodiment of an optical device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of a first optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a third schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic structural diagram and a first beam splitting diagram of a second embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a first schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a beam splitting diagram of a third embodiment of an optical device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a third schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram and a beam splitting diagram of a fourth embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIGS. 13-14 are schematic structural views of a sixth embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 shows a first embodiment of an optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 shows a second embodiment of the optical device according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a first schematic view of an optical device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a seventh schematic diagram of an optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a third schematic view of an optical device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20 is a schematic view of another structure of the optical device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
a is an optical device, 1 is a first optical part, 11 is a first optical unit, 2 is a second optical part, 21 is a second optical unit, B is an application module, B1 is a reflector, B2 is a light source, S1 is an incident end face, S2 is an outer emitting face, and S3 is an emitting end face.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical device, a beam shaping method and an application module, which can solve the technical problems that the optical device in the prior art has single function and is difficult to realize diversified processing, have simple structure, low cost and high flexibility and freedom degree, are easy to commercialize and can be adaptively applied to various scenes.
The definitions of "first … …" and "second … …" (first optical portion, first optical unit, second optical portion, and second optical unit) in the present invention are only used to distinguish between the two, and do not constitute an absolute limitation on the order, orientation, configuration, name, and the like of the two.
The main idea of the invention is to control when the light beam is totally reflected and when the light beam is refracted by changing the conditions generated by total reflection, so as to control the trend and output of the light beam.
From the perspective of technical effects, the optical device provided by the invention can realize various different optical treatments, for example, an incident beam of light can be separated into a plurality of beams of light, so that the beam separation is realized; the beam expansion and focusing of the light beams can be realized while the light beam separation is realized; when there are two beams of incident light, the two beams of incident light may be split, combined, compressed, and the like, and directional shaping of the beams may also be implemented, including focusing, diverging, beam expanding, beam combining, beam splitting, homogenizing, and the like, which will be illustrated in the following embodiments one by one.
It should be noted that the refractive index of each first optical unit may be the same or different, the refractive index of each second optical unit may be the same or different, and the shape of each first optical unit and each second optical unit may be rectangular or other shapes. The angle of each outgoing sub-beam is related to the incident angle of the incident light, the refractive index of the first optical unit and the refractive index of the second optical unit (refer to the critical angle principle and formula for total reflection), and each outgoing sub-beam can be parallel to each other and can also be in a divergent or focused form.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light beam enters from the end S1 (entrance end surface) of the device, and after being refracted by the first optical unit and/or the second optical unit, the light beam may exit from a plurality of different exit surfaces to form sub-light beams with different forms, where the different exit surfaces may include, but are not limited to, an outer exit surface or an end exit surface of the second optical unit, and/or an outer exit surface or an end exit surface of each first optical unit.
For example, in an actual process, there are some lights in the first optical portion that do not reach the condition of destroying total reflection, that is, there are some lights that meet the condition of total reflection and are totally reflected multiple times in the first optical portion, some of the lights are totally reflected multiple times and then emitted through the emitting surface S2 again, and some of the lights cannot be emitted through the emitting surface S2 and are emitted from S3 (emitting end surface), how many of the emitted lights of S3 are related to how many first optical units and second optical units are in front of the first optical units and second optical units, the more the first optical units and second optical units are, the longer the optical device is as a whole, the more the separated lights are, and the less S3 is directly emitted.
The first optical portion and the second optical portion may be both solid media with optical characteristics, such as glass or plastic, or one of them may be an air medium.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an optical device a including: at least one first optical part 1 and at least one second optical part 2 positioned outside the first optical part 1, wherein the first optical part 1 comprises: at least one first optical unit 11 having different or the same refractive index; the second optical portion 2 includes: at least one second optical unit 21 having a different or the same refractive index; the light beam is refracted by the first optical unit 11 and/or the second optical unit 21 to form sub-beams with different shapes, and the angles and directions of the different sub-beams can be the same or different.
The second optical portion 2 is located outside the first optical portion, and the "outside" is a relative concept and means a partial outside or a whole outside of the first optical portion, and the whole outside is a whole outer circumference.
Fig. 2 is a beam splitting diagram of the first embodiment of the optical device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the light beam enters the optical device a from the incident end surface S1 of the optical device a.
Example one
The first optical portion 1 includes one first optical unit 11, the second optical portion 2 includes at least two second optical units 21, and the number of the second optical units 21 is four in the present embodiment, see fig. 1 to 4.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first,the first optical part 1 comprises a first optical unit 11 with a refractive index n, the second optical part 2 positioned at the upper part of the outer side of the first optical part 1 comprises four second optical units 21 with refractive indexes n1、n2、n3、n4(ii) a Similarly, the second optical portion 2 located at the lower part of the outer side of the first optical portion 1 also includes four second optical units 21 having refractive indexes n1、n2、n3、n4。
Further, four second optical units 21 at the upper part outside the first optical portion 1 may be distributed in a contact arrangement, as shown in fig. 2; or alternatively, they may be arranged at intervals, such as n in FIG. 33、n4(ii) a Or alternatively, a mixture of contact and spaced arrangements, e.g. n in FIG. 31And n2In a contact arrangement, n2、n3And n4Are arranged at intervals.
Similarly, the four second optical units 21 at the lower part of the outer side of the first optical portion 1 are completely similar to the above, and are not described again here.
Further, the interface between the first optical unit and the adjacent first optical unit or second optical unit is: for example, in fig. 1, fig. 2 and the following embodiments, the interface between the first optical unit and the adjacent first optical unit or second optical unit is a horizontal plane, and in fig. 20, the interface between the first optical unit and the adjacent first optical unit or second optical unit is an inclined plane, and the specific inclination angle is not limited, but the interface may also be a cross mixture of a plane and a curved surface.
In FIG. 2, n is a relationship between critical angle of total reflection and refractive index of materialx*sinθx= ny*sinθyAnd n isyLess than nxBy changing the conditions for total reflection, θ is designedx<arcsin(ny/nx) So that the light passing through the first optical part 1 is incident on the second optical parts (n) at different angles1-n4) The angle of the light beam formed by the second optical parts is different (theta)1-θ4) The sub-beams exit.
Wherein n isxRepresenting the refractive index, theta, of each first optical elementxRepresenting the angle of incidence, n, of the light beam at the first optical unityRepresenting the refractive index, theta, of each second optical elementyRepresenting the angle of refraction of the light beam at the second optical element.
It should be noted that another medium (for example, another medium such as air) may be provided outside the second optical portion, and as shown in fig. 3 and 4, each sub-beam emitted through each second optical portion may pass through nMediumAnd refracting again to form sub-beams with different angles for emission again. With this in mind, it is understood that the first optic (or second optic) in embodiments of the invention is not limited to only one configuration, and that embodiments of the invention allow for different criteria of definition, e.g., the first optic (or second optic) may also be a set of configurations.
Specifically, the first optical portion (or the first optical unit) and the second optical portion (or the second optical unit) are not necessarily a single portion, and may be a combination, for example, fig. 4, the first optical portion may be defined as 11 and 21, and the second optical portion as nMediumThis definition is also allowable and should be included in the technical solution of the present invention.
Example two
The first optical portion 1 includes at least two first optical units 11 (four in the present embodiment), and the second optical portion includes one second optical unit 21, see fig. 5 to 6.
Only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below, and the same structures and processes as those in the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate.
Unlike the first embodiment, the first optical unit 1 of the second embodiment includes four first optical units 11 each having a refractive index n1、n2、n3、n4The second optical portion 2 comprises a second optical unit 21 having a refractive index n.
Further, another medium (n) may be provided outside the second optical portionMedium) As shown in FIG. 6, each sub-beam exiting through the second optical portion may pass through nMediumAnd refracting again to form sub-beams with different angles for emission again.
In all embodiments to which the invention relates, the refractive index n of the plurality of first optical elements (or second optical elements) is1、n2、n3… … can be arranged in any optional way, such as increasing, decreasing, or irregular arrangement, and other medium (n) with refractive index can be inserted between any two first optical units (or second optical units)Medium) As the first optical unit (or the second optical unit).
EXAMPLE III
In the third embodiment, the first optical portion includes at least two first optical units (four in this embodiment), and the second optical portion includes at least two second optical units (four in this embodiment).
Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the first optical unit 1 includes four first optical units 11 each having a refractive index n1、n2、n3、n4The upper and lower sides of the second optical part respectively comprise four second optical units, and the refractive indexes of the four second optical units on the upper side are respectively n5、n6、n7、n8And the refractive indexes of the four lower second optical units are n respectively9、n10、n11、n12。
Further, at least two first optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode, and at least two second optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode. The first optical unit and the second optical unit may be aligned or misaligned.
The "contact arrangement" of the present invention with respect to all embodiments means that any adjacent two first optical units (or second optical units) are in contact, arranged in sequence; the term "spaced arrangement" means that there is a gap between at least one adjacent set of two first optical elements (or second optical elements).
In FIGS. 7 to 9, the first optical unit and the second optical unit are both arranged in a contact manner, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are arranged in a contact manner in FIG. 9The first optical unit and the second optical unit are arranged in a staggered manner due to the misaligned n5And n1n9、n6And n2n10And the like.
In fig. 10, the first optical unit and the second optical unit are arranged at intervals, and a medium (n) having another refractive index may be inserted into the gapMedium) The inserted medium of other refractive index may be an air medium as the first optical unit and/or the second optical unit.
The first optical unit and the second optical unit are aligned in the left drawing of fig. 10, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit are misaligned in the right drawing of fig. 10.
In practice, the same material has different refractive indices at different temperatures, for example, the same material is subjected to separate local temperature control; the same material has different refractive indexes in different forms, such as liquid and solid, and the specific requirement is adaptively selected according to the requirements and limitations of the application scenario, so that different refractive indexes can be realized by selecting the temperature, the material and the form of the material (the above three embodiments).
Example four
In the fourth embodiment, different refractive indexes are realized by plating a stripe film system, and in the example shown in fig. 11, the first optical portion 1 is made of a material having a refractive index n, and the plurality of second optical units 21 of the second optical portion 2 have different refractive indexes by plating a different film system on the outer side of the first optical portion 1.
Specifically, each second optical unit 21 is plated with different film system units (corresponding to different refractive indexes), the number of layers of each film system unit is preferably 3 or 5, and the refractive index of the initial layer material inside the film system is smaller than n and larger than n0(air medium), lambda is the wavelength of light beam, the thickness of the first layer is not less than 10 lambda, the first layer material is used for destroying the condition generated by total reflection, the outer side of the first layer material is plated with an antireflection film aiming at the first layer material, the minimum number of layers of the antireflection film is a single layer, and MgF with the thickness of 1/4 lambda is used as the antireflection film2Or alternatively Ta2O5And SiO2Plating alternately according to the thickness of 1/4 lambda and 1/2 lambdaThe plated material is not limited to the above, and may be replaced with other materials on the premise that similar functions can be achieved.
The different thicknesses of the coating films of each film system unit and the different selected materials can cause the corresponding refractive indexes of the film systems to be different.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the optical device of the present invention, and the basic structure of this embodiment is similar to that of the previous embodiment, except that the exit surface S2 on the outer side of the second optical element 2 is a concave surface. It can be theorized that in all embodiments of the present invention, the exit surfaces outside the second optical unit and the first optical unit include: a plane surface, and/or a convex surface, and/or a concave surface, the exit surfaces of the second optical unit and the first optical unit end portions including: flat, and/or convex, and/or concave; the plane according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a horizontal plane and also includes an inclined plane.
When the exit surface outside the second optical element 2 is concave and/or convex, it may be arranged in an eccentric or non-eccentric configuration.
Since the concave surface has a diverging effect, each sub-beam exiting through the concave surface in fig. 12 diverges into a plurality of beams.
EXAMPLE six
Fig. 13 to 14 are schematic structural views of a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the second optical unit is entirely located on the entire periphery of the first optical unit, and as shown in the right side of fig. 14, sub-beams emitted by the structure can form annular light spots.
Or the second optical units are arranged as in the first embodiment, as shown in the left side of fig. 14, the sub-beams emitted by the structure can form a strip array type light spot.
In the above embodiments, the condition of total reflection is changed by adjusting the parameters of the first optical unit and the second optical unit, so as to control the total reflection or refraction of the light beam at the interface between the first optical unit and the second optical unit, for example a light beam not satisfying the total reflection condition is not totally reflected at the interface between the first optical unit and the second optical unit, and refraction occurs, so that the light entering the first optical unit enters the second optical unit and is emitted from the emitting surface at the outer side of the second optical unit, the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is continuously and totally reflected in the first optical unit until the light beam meets the refraction condition and is emitted from the second optical unit, each group of the first optical unit and the second optical unit is analogized … …, so that the light beam entering the first optical unit is emitted from the emitting surfaces of the second optical units, and sub-light beams with different forms are formed. The different aspects of the invention include, but are not limited to: different directions, different exit angles, etc.
In the "condition for changing the total reflection by adjusting the parameters of the first optical unit and the second optical unit" according to the embodiment of the present invention, the parameter may be the refractive indexes of the first optical unit and the second optical unit, the condition for changing the total reflection by adjusting the refractive indexes of the first optical unit and the second optical unit, or another parameter as long as the refraction and the total reflection of the light beam can be controlled based on the condition for generating the total reflection.
An application module: example one
Fig. 15 and 16 show an application module, where fig. 15 is a first application embodiment of the optical device of the present invention, and fig. 16 is a second application embodiment of the optical device of the present invention. The application module B includes the optical device a and the reflecting mirror B1, the reflecting mirror B1 is disposed on the light path of each sub-beam, and each reflecting mirror B1 corresponds to each sub-beam one-to-one, and is configured to adjust the propagation direction of each sub-beam, specifically, the propagation direction of each sub-beam is adjusted by setting parameters such as the inclination angle of each reflecting mirror B1.
As shown in fig. 15, each mirror B1 changes the propagation direction of each sub-beam, and each sub-beam finally converges to a spot; or, each sub-beam finally forms parallel light to be emitted.
Specifically, design calculation can be performed according to the relation between the relevant optical parameters of each emergent sub-beam and the reflector, so that the position and the inclination angle of the reflector can meet the requirement of adaptive adjustment of the propagation direction of each sub-beam.
An application module: example two
Fig. 16 shows an application module, where fig. 16 shows a second application embodiment of the optical device of the present invention, the application module includes the optical device a and the light sources B2, and the light sources B2 are disposed on the optical path of each sub-beam and correspond to each sub-beam one by one.
In this embodiment, based on the principle that the optical path is reversible, the light beams emitted by the light sources B2 are respectively incident on the second optical units, and similarly to the above, by destroying the conditions for total reflection, the light beams incident on the second optical units enter the first optical unit, and finally exit from S1 to form a light beam, that is, the light beams emitted by the light sources are combined by the optical device.
Specifically, design calculation can be performed according to the correlation parameter relationship between the incident light beams of each light source and the light source positions, so that the incident light beams of each light source and the light source positions can meet the requirement of beam combination of the light beams emitted by the light sources.
EXAMPLE seven
Fig. 17 is a first schematic diagram of an embodiment of the optical device of the present invention, which is an optical device in a cell-like stacked structure form, in which a first optical portion and a first optical unit, a second optical portion and a second optical unit can be arbitrarily defined, and the shapes of the first optical portion and the first optical unit, the second optical portion and the second optical unit can be arbitrarily selected, that is, the refractive indexes can be all equal, or partially equal, or unequal, and the areas of the first optical portion and the first optical unit, the second optical portion and the second optical unit can be arbitrarily freely arranged areas, and the areas can be continuous or discontinuous.
In this embodiment, the first optical portion includes at least two first optical units, and the second optical portion includes at least two second optical units, for example, n is the upper side of the first optical unit in fig. 171、n2、……、nmThe second optical unit is the lower n1、n2、……、nm。
At least two first optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode, and at least two second optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode.
Similar to the other embodiments above, the total reflection and refraction of light are controlled by changing the conditions generated by the total reflection, and the propagation path and direction of the light beam are changed. In the first optical unit, the total reflection or refraction of the light beam at the interface of the adjacent first optical unit is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the first optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent first optical units and enter the corresponding first optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the first optical unit until being emitted.
In the second optical unit, the total reflection or refraction of the light beam at the interface of the adjacent second optical unit is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the second optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent second optical units and enter the corresponding second optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the second optical unit until being emitted.
Similarly, based on such a design, directional shaping of the light beam, such as focusing, diverging, expanding, combining, splitting, homogenizing, etc., can be achieved, and the light beam is made to exit through a predetermined first optical unit or a predetermined second optical unit according to a predetermined path through parameters of the optical device designed in advance.
Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating beam expansion of a light beam, which enters from the left end surface and exits from the end surfaces of the right first optical unit and the right second optical unit; FIG. 18 shows the beam splitting homogenization of the beam, assuming n7、n8、n9、nyN is the first optical unit at the upper and lower sides1、n2、n3、nxThe second optical unit, the light beam is incident from the left end surface, and exits from the end surfaces of the first optical unit and the second optical unit on the right side; FIG. 19 shows the combination of light beams, the distribution of the first optical unit and the second optical unit, and the light beam pathFor an adaptive understanding with reference to the above, no further description is provided herein.
The first optical unit and the second optical unit may be triangular, or may be arranged in other regular or irregular polygonal shapes, and the areas of the first optical unit and the first optical unit, and the second optical unit may be arbitrarily and freely arranged areas, that is, the first optical unit and the second optical unit may be arbitrarily defined as several triangles.
Or, the first optical unit and the second optical unit are regular hexagons, and the first optical unit and the second optical unit can be arbitrarily defined as a plurality of regular hexagons.
Other embodiments in fig. 17-19 can be adaptively understood with reference to the above other embodiments, and the basic idea and principle are consistent, for example, each first optical unit (or each second optical unit) may also have a gap, or another medium may be inserted, or an air medium may be introduced, and will not be described herein again.
The optical device in the embodiment of the invention can be realized by taking the optical waveguide or the light guide pipe or the optical fiber as the substrate, pasting patch materials with different refractive indexes on the surface of the optical device, or plating different stripe film systems, wherein specific materials of the substrate and the patch can be selected at will on the premise of realizing the technical idea of the invention.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the refractive indexes of the first optical unit and the second optical unit are mainly described and explained, but the specific shapes of the first optical unit and the second optical unit are not particularly limited, and may be any other shapes such as a triangular sawtooth shape, a four-sided sawtooth shape, and the like on the premise that the technical idea of the present invention can be implemented.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for shaping a light beam, which is implemented based on the optical devices mentioned in all the above embodiments, and has very high degree of freedom and flexibility, and by controlling the direction of the light beam by using the refractive index change, the light beam can be emitted from any predetermined angle and position as required, so as to implement directional shaping of the light beam, where the directional shaping includes, but is not limited to: focusing, diverging, beam expanding, beam combining, beam splitting and homogenizing.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. An optical device, comprising: at least one first optical part and at least one second optical part positioned outside the first optical part; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first optic portion includes: at least one first optical unit having different or the same refractive index;
the second optical portion includes: at least one second optical unit having a different or same refractive index;
the light beams are refracted by the first optical unit and/or the second optical unit to form different sub-light beams to be emitted.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the first optic comprises a first optical unit and the second optic comprises at least two second optical units, the at least two second optical units being arranged in a contacting arrangement and/or a spaced arrangement.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first optic comprises at least two first optical elements and the second optic comprises a second optical element, and wherein the at least two first optical elements are arranged in a contacting arrangement and/or a spaced arrangement.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the first optic comprises at least two first optical units and the second optic comprises at least two second optical units, wherein,
at least two first optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode;
at least two second optical units are arranged in a contact mode and/or in a spaced mode.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the light beam enters from the end of the device, is refracted by each first optical unit and/or second optical unit, and then exits from the outer exit surface or end exit surface of each second optical unit and/or the outer exit surface or end exit surface of each first optical unit, respectively, to form sub-beams of different shapes.
6. The device of claim 5,
the second optical unit and the exit surface outside the first optical unit include: a plane surface, and/or a convex surface, and/or a concave surface, the exit surfaces of the second optical unit and the first optical unit end portions including: flat, and/or convex, and/or concave;
the interface of a first optical unit with an adjacent first or second optical unit comprises: flat, and/or curved.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the different refractive indices are achieved by selecting the temperature, material, morphology of the material, and/or by means of a striped film system.
8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the total reflection or refraction of the light beam at the interface of the first optical unit and the second optical unit is controlled by adjusting parameters of the first optical unit and the second optical unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the first optical unit and the second optical unit and enter the second optical unit, and the light beams which meet the total reflection condition are totally reflected in the first optical unit until being emitted.
9. The device according to any of claims 1 to 7,
controlling the light beam to be totally reflected or refracted at the interface of the adjacent first optical unit by adjusting the parameters of the first optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent first optical units and enter the corresponding first optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the first optical unit until being emitted;
controlling the light beam to be totally reflected or refracted at the interface of the adjacent second optical unit by adjusting the parameters of the second optical unit; the light beams which do not meet the total reflection condition are refracted at the interface of the adjacent second optical units and enter the corresponding second optical units; the light beam meeting the total reflection condition is totally reflected in the second optical unit until being emitted.
10. A method for shaping a light beam, which is implemented by the optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and which implements directional shaping of the light beam by controlling the beam direction using refractive index changes, wherein the directional shaping includes: focusing, diverging, beam expanding, beam combining, beam splitting and homogenizing.
11. An application module comprising an optical device according to any of claims 1 to 9 and a mirror arranged in the optical path of each sub-beam for adjusting the propagation direction of each sub-beam.
12. An application module, comprising the optical device of any one of claims 1 to 9, and a light source, wherein the light source is disposed on the optical path of each sub-beam, and the light beams emitted from the light source are combined by the optical device based on the optical path reversibility.
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| CN111880312B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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Effective date of registration: 20230816 Address after: Room 101, Building 1, No. 49 Jingyi Road, Dongcheng Street, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, 523015 Patentee after: Torchlight (Dongguan) Microoptics Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710077 Xi'an hi tech Zone 56, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, No. 56 Patentee before: Focuslight Technologies Inc. |