CN111868033B - 除草3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮化合物 - Google Patents
除草3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111868033B CN111868033B CN201980013803.1A CN201980013803A CN111868033B CN 111868033 B CN111868033 B CN 111868033B CN 201980013803 A CN201980013803 A CN 201980013803A CN 111868033 B CN111868033 B CN 111868033B
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- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- RRYHZNUUPOASEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaspiro[5.5]undecane-8,10-dione Chemical class C1C(=O)CC(=O)CC11CCNCC1 RRYHZNUUPOASEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 101
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- -1 C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004649 C2-C8 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- SFHYNDMGZXWXBU-LIMNOBDPSA-N 6-amino-2-[[(e)-(3-formylphenyl)methylideneamino]carbamoylamino]-1,3-dioxobenzo[de]isoquinoline-5,8-disulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C1C(C2=3)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=3C(N)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2C(=O)N1NC(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=CC(C=O)=C1 SFHYNDMGZXWXBU-LIMNOBDPSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- GJYKUWNHTHSLNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-acetyl-9-(2,6-dimethyl-4-prop-1-ynylphenyl)-10-oxo-3-azaspiro[5.5]undec-8-en-8-yl] acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC=1CC2(CCN(CC2)C(C)=O)CC(C=1C1=C(C=C(C=C1C)C#CC)C)=O GJYKUWNHTHSLNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有式(I)的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3、R4和G是如本文所定义。本发明进一步涉及包含具有式(I)的化合物的除草组合物、其用于特别是在有用植物的作物中控制杂草的用途。
Description
本发明涉及新的除草化合物、其制备方法、包含所述新的化合物的除草组合物、以及其用于控制杂草的用途。
例如,WO 2014/096289和WO 2015/197468中披露了被具有含炔基取代基的苯基取代的除草环状二酮化合物。本发明涉及新的具有改进特性的除草环己二酮衍生物。
因此,根据本发明,提供了一种具有式(I)的化合物
其中
R1是甲基;
R2是甲基或甲氧基;
R3是甲基或甲氧基;
R4选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基-、C1-C4卤代烷基、-C(=O)C1-C4烷基和-C(=O)C1-C4卤代烷基;
G选自由以下组成的组:氢、-(CH2)n-Ra、-C(O)-Ra、-C(O)-O-Rd、-C(O)-S-Rd、-C(O)NRaRa、-S(O)2-C1-C8烷基和C1-C8烷氧基-C1-C3烷基-;
Ra独立地选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-C8烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C2-C8烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基;
Rd选自由以下组成的组:C1-C8烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C2-C8烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基;并且
n=0、1或2;
或其农业上可接受的盐。
烷基(例如C1-C6烷基)包括例如甲基(Me,CH3)、乙基(Et,C2H5)、正丙基(n-Pr)、异丙基(i-Pr)、正丁基(n-Bu)、异丁基(i-Bu)、仲丁基(s-Bu)和叔丁基(t-Bu)。
烯基与炔基部分可以处于直链或支链的形式,并且这些烯基部分适当时可以是具有(E)-或(Z)-构型。实例是乙烯基、烯丙基以及炔丙基。烯基和炔基部分能以任何组合含有一个或多个双键和/或三键。
卤素(或卤代)涵盖了氟、氯、溴或碘。所述卤素(或卤代)对应地应用于其他定义背景下的卤素,如卤代烷基。
卤代烷基(例如C1-C6卤代烷基)是例如氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2-氯乙基、五氟乙基、1,1-二氟-2,2,2-三氯乙基、2,2,3,3-四氟乙基和2,2,2-三氯乙基、七氟正丙基和全氟正己基。
烷氧基(例如C1-C4烷氧基-)是例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基或叔丁氧基,优选甲氧基和乙氧基。
烷氧基烷基(例如C1-C8烷氧基-C1-C3烷基-)包括例如甲氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基甲基、乙氧基乙基、正丙氧基甲基、正丙氧基乙基、异丙氧基甲基或异丙氧基乙基。
环烷基(例如C3-C6环烷基-)包括例如环丙基(c-丙基,c-Pr)、环丁基(c-丁基、c-Bu)、环戊基(c-戊基)和环己基(c-己基)并且如所指出的可以是取代的或未取代的。
本发明还涉及具有式(I)的化合物的农业上可接受的盐。此类盐包括能够与胺、碱金属和碱土金属碱或者季铵碱形成的那些。在作为成盐物的碱金属以及碱土金属氢氧化物之中,应特别提及锂、钠、钾、镁以及钙的氢氧化物,但尤其是钠和钾的氢氧化物。根据本发明的具有式(I)的化合物还包括在盐形成期间可以形成的水合物。
适合于形成铵盐的胺的实例包括氨以及伯、仲和叔C1-C18烷基胺,C1-C4羟基烷基胺以及C2-C4烷氧基烷基胺,例如甲胺、乙胺、正丙胺、异丙胺、四种丁胺异构体、正戊胺、异戊胺、己胺、庚胺、辛胺、壬胺、癸胺、十五胺、十六胺、十七胺、十八胺、甲基乙基胺、甲基异丙胺、甲基己胺、甲基壬胺、甲基十五胺、甲基十八胺、乙基丁胺、乙基庚胺、乙基辛胺、己基庚胺、己基辛胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、二-正丙胺、二异丙胺、二-正丁胺、二-正戊胺、二异戊胺、二己胺、二庚胺、二辛胺、乙醇胺、正丙醇胺、异丙醇胺、N,N-二乙醇胺、N-乙基丙醇胺、N-丁基乙醇胺、烯丙胺、正-丁-2-烯胺、正戊-2-烯胺、2,3-二甲基丁-2-烯胺、二丁-2-烯胺、正己-2-烯胺、丙二胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三-正丙胺、三异丙胺、三-正丁胺、三异丁胺、三-仲丁胺、三-正戊胺、甲氧基乙基胺以及乙氧基乙基胺;杂环胺,例如吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吗啉、哌啶、吡咯烷、二氢吲哚、奎宁环以及氮杂卓;伯芳基胺,例如苯胺,甲氧基苯胺,乙氧基苯胺,邻-、间-和对-甲苯胺,苯二胺,联苯胺,萘胺以及邻-、间-和对-氯苯胺;但尤其是三乙胺、异丙胺和二异丙胺。
在本发明的一个实施例中,R2是甲基。
在本发明的一个实施例中,R3是甲基。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,R3是甲氧基。
在本发明的一个实施例中,R2是甲基并且R3是甲基。
在本发明的一个实施例中,R2是甲基并且R3是甲氧基。
在本发明的一个实施例中,R2是甲氧基并且R3是甲氧基。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,R4是C1-C2烷氧基-(例如甲氧基或乙氧基)。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,R4是-C(=O)C1-C3烷基(例如-C(C=O)甲基、-C(C=O)乙基、-C(C=O)异丙基)。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,R4是-C(=O)C1-C3卤代烷基,更优选-C(=O)C1-C2氟烷基,例如-C(=O)CH2F、-C(=O)CHF2、-C(=O)CF3)。
在本发明的一个实施例中,G选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-C8烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、-C2-C8烯基(例如乙烯基)、C2-C8炔基(例如炔丙基)、-C(O)C1-C8烷基(更优选-C(O)C1-C6烷基,例如-C(O)异丙基和-C(O)叔丁基)和-C(O)-O-C1-C8烷基(更优选-C(O)-O-C1-C6烷基,例如-C(O)-O-甲基)。在优选的实施例中,G是氢。
取决于取代基的性质,具有式(I)的化合物可以以不同的异构形式存在。当G是氢时,例如,具有式(I)的化合物可以以不同的互变异构形式存在。
本发明覆盖所有比例的所有此类异构体和互变异构体及其混合物。此外,当取代基含有双键时,可能存在顺式和反式异构体。这些异构体也在所要求的具有式(I)的化合物的范围内。具有式(I)的化合物可以包含不对称中心并且可以作为单一对映异构体、以任何比例的对映异构体对而存在,或在存在多于一个不对称中心的情况下,包含所有可能比率的非对映异构体。典型地,与其他可能性相比,这些对映异构体之一具有增强的生物活性。
根据本发明的具有式(I)的化合物可以自身被用作除草剂,但是通常使用配制辅助剂(如载体、溶剂和表面活性剂(SFA))将它们配制成除草组合物。因此,本发明进一步提供了一种除草组合物,所述除草组合物包含根据之前权利要求中任一项所述的除草化合物和农业上可接受的配制辅助剂。尽管也可以制造即用型组合物,但是组合物可以是浓缩物的形式,所述浓缩物在使用之前被稀释。通常用水进行最终稀释,但是可以替代水或除了水之外使用例如液体肥料、微量营养素、生物有机体、油或者溶剂。
所述除草组合物总体上包含按重量计从0.1%至99%、尤其是按重量计从0.1%至95%的具有式(I)的化合物和按重量计从1%至99.9%的配制辅助剂,所述配制辅助剂优选地包括按重量计从0至25%的表面活性物质。
这些组合物可以选自多种配制品类型,这些配制品类型中的很多从Manual onDevelopment and Use of FAO Specifications for Plant Protection Products[关于植物保护产物的FAO标准的发展和使用的手册],第5版,1999年中得知。这些包括可尘化粉剂(DP)、可溶性粉剂(SP)、水溶性颗粒剂(SG)、水可分散性颗粒剂(WG)、可湿性粉剂(WP)、颗粒剂(GR)(缓释或快释的)、可溶性浓缩物(SL)、油易混合的液体(OL)、超低体积液体(UL)、可乳化性浓缩物(EC)、可分散性浓缩物(DC)、乳液(水包油(EW)和油包水(EO)两者)、微乳液(ME)、悬浮液浓缩物(SC)、气溶胶、胶囊悬浮液(CS)以及种子处理配制品。在任何情况下,所选择的配制品类型将取决于所设想的具体目的以及具有式(I)的化合物的物理、化学和生物学特性。
可尘化粉剂(DP)可以通过将具有式(I)的化合物与一种或多种固体稀释剂(例如,天然粘土、高岭土、叶蜡石、膨润土、氧化铝、蒙脱石、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩土、硅藻土(diatomaceous earth)、磷酸钙、碳酸钙和碳酸镁、硫、石灰、面粉、滑石和其他有机和无机的固体载体)混合并将所述混合物机械地碾磨成细粉末来制备。
可溶性粉剂(SP)可以通过以下方式制备:将具有式(I)的化合物与一种或多种水溶性无机盐(如碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠或硫酸镁)或一种或多种水溶性有机固体(如多糖)以及任选的一种或多种湿润剂、一种或多种分散剂或所述试剂的混合物进行混合,以改进水分散性/水溶性。然后将所述混合物研磨成细粉末。也可以将类似的组合物颗粒化以形成水溶性颗粒(SG)。
可湿性粉剂(WP)可以通过将具有式(I)的化合物与一种或多种固体稀释剂或载体、一种或多种湿润剂以及优选地一种或多种分散剂以及任选地一种或多种悬浮剂混合来制备,以促进在液体中的分散。然后将所述混合物研磨成细粉末。也可以将类似的组合物颗粒化以形成水可分散性颗粒(WG)。
可以这样形成颗粒剂(GR):通过将具有式(I)的化合物与一种或多种粉状固体稀释剂或载体的混合物造粒来形成,或者通过将具有式(I)的化合物(或其在适宜试剂中的溶液)吸收进多孔颗粒材料(如浮石、凹凸棒石粘土、漂白土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、硅藻土(diatomaceous earths)或玉米芯粉),或通过将具有式(I)的化合物(或其在适宜试剂中的溶液)吸附到硬芯材料(如沙、硅酸盐、矿物碳酸盐、硫酸盐或磷酸盐)上并且如果必要的话进行干燥来由预成型的空白颗粒形成。通常用于帮助吸收或吸附的试剂包括溶剂(如脂肪族和芳香族石油溶剂、醇、醚、酮以及酯)和粘着剂(如聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、糊精、糖以及植物油)。也可以在颗粒中包括一种或多种其他添加剂(例如乳化剂、湿润剂或分散剂)。
可分散性浓缩物(DC)可以通过将具有式(I)的化合物溶于水或有机溶剂(如酮、醇或乙二醇醚)中来制备。这些溶液可以含有表面活性剂(例如以改进水稀释或防止喷雾罐中的结晶)。
可乳化性浓缩物(EC)或水包油乳液(EW)可以通过将具有式(I)的化合物溶于有机溶剂(任选地含有一种或多种湿润剂、一种或多种乳化剂或者所述试剂的混合物)中来制备。在EC中使用的合适的有机溶剂包括芳香族烃(如烷基苯或烷基萘,例如SOLVESSO 100、SOLVESSO 150和SOLVESSO 200;SOLVESSO是注册商标)、酮类(如环己酮或甲基环己酮)和醇类(如苯甲醇、糠醇或丁醇)、N-烷基吡咯烷酮类(如N-甲基吡咯烷酮或N-辛基吡咯烷酮)、脂肪酸的二甲基酰胺(如C8-C10脂肪酸二甲基酰胺)和氯化烃。EC产品可以在添加到水中时自发地乳化,从而产生具有足够稳定性的乳液,以允许通过适当设备进行喷洒施用。
EW的制备涉及获得呈液体(如果它在室温下不是液体,则它可以在典型地低于70℃的合理温度下熔化)或处于溶液中(通过将它溶于适当的溶剂中)的具有式(I)的化合物,然后在高剪切下将所得液体或溶液乳化进含有一种或多种SFA的水中,以产生乳液。在EW中使用的合适的溶剂包括植物油、氯化烃(如氯苯)、芳香族溶剂(如烷基苯或烷基萘)以及其他在水中具有低溶解度的适当的有机溶剂。
微乳液(ME)可以通过将水与一种或多种溶剂和一种或多种SFA的共混物混合进行制备,以自发地产生热力学稳定的各向同性的液体配制品。具有式(I)的化合物最初存在于水中或溶剂/SFA共混物中。在ME中使用的合适的溶剂包括前文描述的在EC或EW中使用的那些。ME可以是水包油系统或油包水系统(存在哪种系统可以通过电导率测量来确定)并且可以适合用于在相同配制品中混合水溶性的和油溶性的杀有害生物剂。ME适合于稀释到水中,同时保持为微乳液或者形成常规的水包油乳液。
悬浮浓缩物(SC)可以包括具有式(I)的化合物的精细分散的不溶固体颗粒的水性或非水性悬浮液。SC可以任选地使用一种或多种分散剂通过在合适的介质中球磨或珠磨具有式(I)的固体化合物来制备,以产生所述化合物的精细颗粒悬浮液。在所述组合物中可以包括一种或多种湿润剂,并且可以包括悬浮剂以降低颗粒的沉降速率。可替代地,可以干磨具有式(I)的化合物并且将其添加到含有前文描述的试剂的水中,以产生希望的终产物。
气溶胶配制品包括具有式(I)的化合物和合适的推进剂(例如,正丁烷)。也可以将具有式(I)的化合物溶于或分散于合适的介质(例如水或可与水混溶的液体,如正丙醇)中以提供在不加压的手动喷洒泵中使用的组合物。
胶囊悬浮液(CS)可以通过以与制备EW配制品类似的方式来制备,但具有另外的聚合阶段,使得获得油滴的水性分散体,其中每个油滴都被聚合物壳包裹并且包含具有式(I)的化合物以及任选地,其载体或稀释剂。所述聚合物壳可以通过界面缩聚反应或通过凝聚程序来生产。这些组合物可以提供具有式(I)的化合物的受控释放并且它们可以用于种子处理。具有式(I)的化合物也可以被配制在可生物降解的聚合物基质中,以提供所述化合物的缓慢的受控释放。
组合物可以包括一或多种添加剂以改进组合物的生物学性能,例如通过改进在表面上的湿润性、保持力或分布;经处理的表面上的防雨性;或具有式(I)的化合物的吸收或流动。这样的添加剂包括表面活性剂(SFA)、基于油的喷雾添加剂,例如某些矿物油或天然植物油(如大豆和油菜籽油),以及这些与其他生物增强辅助剂(可帮助或改变具有式(I)的化合物的作用的成分)的共混物。
湿润剂、分散剂和乳化剂可以是阳离子类型、阴离子类型、两性类型或非离子类型的SFA。
合适的阳离子类型的SFA包括季铵化合物(例如鲸蜡三甲基溴化铵)、咪唑啉以及胺盐。
适合的阴离子型SFA包括脂肪酸的碱金属盐、脂肪族硫酸单酯的盐(例如月桂硫酸钠)、磺化的芳香族化合物的盐(例如十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、丁基萘磺酸盐以及二-异丙基-萘磺酸钠和三-异丙基-萘磺酸钠的混合物)、醚硫酸盐、醇醚硫酸盐(例如月桂醇聚醚-3-硫酸钠)、醚羧酸盐(例如月桂醇聚醚-3-羧酸钠)、磷酸酯类(来自一种或多种脂肪醇与磷酸(主要是单酯)或与五氧化二磷(主要是二酯)之间反应的产物,例如月桂醇与四磷酸之间的反应;另外这些产物可以被乙氧基化)、硫代琥珀酰胺酸盐、石蜡或烯烃磺酸盐、牛磺酸盐以及木质磺酸盐。
合适的两性型的SFA包括甜菜碱、丙酸盐和甘氨酸盐。
合适的非离子型SFA包括环氧烷类(如环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷或其混合物)与脂肪醇类(如油醇或鲸蜡醇)或与烷基酚类(如辛基酚、壬基酚或辛基甲酚)的缩合产物;衍生自长链脂肪酸或己糖醇酐的偏酯;所述偏酯与环氧乙烷的缩合产物;嵌段聚合物(包含环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷);烷醇酰胺;单酯(例如脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯);氧化胺(例如月桂基二甲基氧化胺);和卵磷脂。
合适的悬浮剂包括亲水性胶体(如多糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羧甲基纤维素钠)和膨胀性粘土(如膨润土或凹凸棒石)。
本发明的组合物可以进一步包括至少一种另外的杀有害生物剂。例如,根据本发明的这些化合物也可以与其他除草剂或植物生长调节剂组合使用。在一个优选的实施例中,所述另外的杀有害生物剂是除草剂和/或除草剂安全剂。此类混合物的实例是(其中‘I’代表具有式(I)的化合物)。I+乙草胺、I+三氟羧草醚、I+三氟羧草醚-钠、I+苯草醚、I+丙烯醛、I+拉草、I+禾草灭、I+莠灭净、I+氨唑草酮、I+酰嘧磺隆、I+氯氨吡啶酸、I+杀草强、I+莎稗磷、I+磺草灵、I+莠去津、I+唑啶草酮、I+四唑嘧磺隆、I+BCPC、I+氟丁酰草胺、I+草除灵、I+苯酸草酮(bencarbazone)、I+氟草胺、I+呋草黄、I+苄嘧磺隆、I+苄嘧磺隆-甲基、I+地散磷、I+灭草松、I+双苯嘧草酮、I+双环磺草酮、I+吡草酮、I+二环吡喃酮(bicyclopyrone)、I+甲羧除草醚、I+双丙氨膦、I+双草醚、I+双草醚-钠、I+硼砂、I+除草定、I+溴丁酰草胺、I+溴苯腈、I+丁草胺、I+抑草磷、I+仲丁灵、I+丁苯草酮、I+丁草敌、I+二甲基胂酸、I+氯酸钙、I+唑草胺、I+卡草胺、I+唑草酮(carfentrazone)、I+唑酮草酯-乙基、I+整形醇、I+整形醇-甲基、I+氯草敏、I+氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、I+氯嘧磺隆-乙基、I+氯醋酸、I+绿麦隆、I+氯苯胺灵、I+氯磺隆、I+敌草索(chlorthal)、I+敌草索-二甲基、I+吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、I+环庚草醚、I+醚磺隆、I+咯草隆、I+烯草酮、I+炔草酯(clodinafop)、I+炔草酯-炔丙基(clodinafop-propargyl)、I+广灭灵、I+氯甲酰草胺、I+克草立特、I+氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam)、I+氯酯磺草胺-甲基(cloransulam-methyl)、I+氰草津(cyanazine)、I+草灭特、I+cyclopyranile、I+环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、I+草噻喃、I+氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、I+氰氟草酯-丁基(cyhalofop-butyl)、I+2,4-D、I+杀草隆、I+茅草枯、I+棉隆(dazomet)、I+2,4-DB、I+I+甜菜安、I+麦草畏、I+敌草腈、I+滴丙酸、I+滴丙酸-P、I+禾草灵、I+禾草灵-甲基、I+双氯磺草安、I+野燕枯、I+野燕枯甲硫酸盐、I+吡氟草胺、I+氟吡草腙、I+噁唑隆、I+哌草丹、I+二甲草胺、I+异戊乙净、I+二甲吩草胺、I+二甲吩草胺-P、I+噻节因、I+二甲基次胂酸、I+氨氟灵、I+特乐酚、I+草乃敌、I+异丙净(dipropetryn)、I+敌草快、I+敌草快二溴化物、I+氟硫草定、I+敌草隆、I+茵多酸、I+EPTC、I+戊草丹、I+乙丁烯氟灵、I+胺苯磺隆、I+胺苯磺隆-甲基、I+乙烯利、I+乙氧呋草黄、I+氯氟草醚、I+乙氧嘧磺隆、I+乙氧苯草胺、I+精噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、I+精噁唑禾草灵-乙基(fenoxaprop-P-ethyl)、I+fenquinotrione、I+四唑酰草胺、I+硫酸亚铁、I+麦草伏-M、I+啶嘧磺隆、I+氯氟吡啶酯、I+双氟磺草胺、I+吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、I+吡氟禾草灵-丁基、I+吡氟禾草灵-P、I+精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P-butyl)、I+异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、I+氟酮磺隆、I+氟酮磺隆-钠、I+氟吡磺隆、I+氟消草、I+氟噻草胺、I+氟哒嗪(flufenpyr)、I+氟哒嗪-乙基、I+氟节胺(flumetralin)、I+唑嘧磺草胺、I+氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、I+氟烯草酸-戊基、I+灭炔氟草胺、I+炔草胺(flumipropin)、I+伏草隆、I+乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、I+乙羧氟草醚-乙基(fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、I+氟普(fluoxaprop)、I+氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、I+丙嘧草酯(flupropacil)、I+氟丙酸(flupropanate)、I+氟啶嘧磺隆、I+氟啶嘧磺隆-甲基-钠、I+抑草丁、I+氟啶草酮(fluridone)、I+氟咯草酮、I+氟草烟、I+呋草酮、I+嗪草酸、I+嗪草酸-甲基、I+氟磺胺草醚、I+甲酰胺磺隆、I+调节膦、I+草丁膦、I+草铵膦、I+草甘膦、I+哈劳克西芬、I+氯吡嘧磺隆、I+氯吡嘧磺隆-甲基、I+吡氟氯禾灵、I+吡氟氯禾灵-P、I+环嗪酮、I+咪草酸、I+咪草酸-甲基、I+甲氧咪草烟、I+甲基咪草烟、I+灭草烟、I+灭草喹、I+咪草烟、I+唑吡嘧磺隆、I+茚草酮、I+三嗪茚草胺(indaziflam)、I+碘甲烷、I+碘甲磺隆、I+碘甲磺隆-甲基-钠、I+碘苯腈、I+异丙隆、I+异噁隆、I+异噁草胺、I+异噁氯草酮、I+异噁唑草酮、I+异噁草醚(isoxapyrifop)、I+特胺灵、I+乳氟禾草灵、I+环草定、I+利谷隆、I+氯苯氧丙酸(mecoprop)、I+氯苯氧丙酸-P、I+苯噻草胺、I+氟磺酰草胺、I+二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、I+二磺隆-甲基、I+硝草酮、I+威百亩、I+噁唑酰草胺、I+苯嗪草酮、I+吡唑草胺、I+甲苯噻隆、I+灭草唑(methazole)、I+甲基胂酸、I+甲基杀草隆、I+异硫氰酸甲酯、I+异丙甲草胺、I+精异丙甲草胺、I+磺草唑胺、I+甲氧隆、I+嗪草酮、I+甲磺隆(metsulfuron)、I+甲磺隆-甲基(metsulfuron-methyl)、I+禾草特、I+绿谷隆、I+萘丙胺、I+敌草胺、I+敌草胺-M、I+萘草胺、I+草不隆、I+烟嘧磺隆、I+n-甲基草甘膦、I+壬酸、I+氟草敏、I+油酸(脂肪酸类)、I+坪草丹、I+嘧苯胺磺隆、I+氨磺乐灵、I+丙炔噁草酮、I+噁草酮、I+环氧嘧磺隆、I+氯噁嗪草、I+乙氧氟草醚、I+百草枯、I+百草枯二盐酸盐、I+克草敌、I+二甲戊乐灵、I+五氟磺草胺、I+五氯苯酚、I+甲氯酰草胺、I+环戊噁草酮、I+烯草胺、I+甜菜宁、I+毒莠定、I+氟吡酰草胺、I+唑啉草酯、I+哌草磷、I+丙草胺、I+氟嘧磺隆、I+氟嘧磺隆-甲基、I+氨氟乐灵、I+环苯草酮、I+调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium)、I+扑灭通、I+扑草净、I+毒草胺、I+敌稗、I+喔草酯、I+扑灭津、I+苯胺灵、I+异丙草胺、I+丙苯磺隆、I+丙苯磺隆-钠、I+炔苯酰草胺、I+苄草丹、I+氟磺隆、I+双唑草腈、I+吡草醚、I+吡草醚-乙基、I+磺酰草吡唑(pyrasulfotole)、I+吡唑特、I+吡嘧磺隆、I+吡嘧磺隆-乙基、I+苄草唑、I+嘧啶肟草醚、I+稗草丹、I+氯苯咕醇(pyridafol)、I+哒草特、I+环酯草醚、I+嘧草醚、I+嘧草醚-甲基、I+吡丙醚(pyrimisulfan)、I+嘧草硫醚、I+嘧硫草醚-钠、I+吡咯磺隆(pyroxasulfone)、I+啶磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、I+二氯喹啉酸、I+氯甲喹啉酸、I+灭藻醌、I+喹禾灵(quizalofop)、I+精喹禾灵、I+玉嘧磺隆、I+苯嘧磺草胺、I+稀禾定、I+环草隆、I+西玛津、I+西草净、I+氯化钠、I+磺草酮、I+甲磺草胺、I+嘧磺隆、I+嘧磺隆-甲基、I+草硫膦、I+磺酰磺隆、I+硫酸、I+丁噻隆、I+双环磺草酮、I+环磺酮(tembotrione)、I+得杀草、I+特草定、I+特丁通、I+特丁津、I+去草净、I+甲氧噻草胺、I+噻草啶、I+噻吩磺隆、I+二噻酮磺隆(thiencarbazone)、I+噻吩磺隆-甲基、I+杀草丹、I+tolpyralate、I+苯吡唑草酮、I+三甲苯草酮、I+野麦畏、I+醚苯磺隆、I+三嗪氟草胺、I+苯磺隆(tribenuron)、I+苯磺隆-甲基、I+绿草定、I+草达津、I+三氟啶磺隆、I+三氟啶磺隆-钠、I+氟乐灵、I+氟胺磺隆、I+氟胺磺隆-甲基、I+三羟基三嗪、I+抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)、I+三氟甲磺隆、I+[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS RN 353292-31-6)。本发明的化合物还可以与WO 06/024820和/或WO 07/096576中披露的除草化合物组合。
具有式(I)的化合物的混合配伍物还可以呈酯或盐的形式,如例如在ThePesticide Manual[杀有害生物剂手册],第十六版,英国作物保护委员会(British CropProtection Council),2012中所提到的。
具有式(I)的化合物还可以在具有其他农用化学品(如杀真菌剂、杀线虫剂或杀昆虫剂)的混合物中使用,这些农用化学品的实例在The Pesticide Manual[杀有害生物剂手册]中给出。
具有式(I)的化合物与混合配伍物的混合比优选地是从1:100至1000:1。
这些混合物可以有利地用于以上提到的配制品中(在这种情况下“活性成分”涉及具有式(I)的化合物与混合配伍物的对应混合物)。
根据本发明的具有式(I)的化合物还可以与一种或多种安全剂组合使用。同样,根据本发明的具有式(I)的化合物与一种或多种另外的除草剂的混合物也可以与一种或多种安全剂组合使用。这些安全剂可以是AD 67(MON 4660)、解草嗪、解草喹、环丙磺酰胺(CASRN 221667-31-8)、二氯丙烯胺、解草唑乙酯、解草啶、氟草肟、解草噁唑和对应的R异构体、双苯噁唑酸乙酯、吡唑解草酸二乙酯、解草腈、N-异丙基-4-(2-甲氧基-苯甲酰基氨磺酰基)-苯甲酰胺(CAS RN 221668-34-4)。其他可能性包括例如在EP 0365484中披露的安全剂化合物,例如N-(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-4-[(甲基氨基羰基)氨基]苯磺酰胺。特别优选的是具有式(I)的化合物与环丙磺酰胺、双苯噁唑酸-乙基、解草喹和/或N-(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-4-[(甲基-氨基羰基)氨基]苯磺酰胺的混合物。
具有式(I)的化合物的安全剂还可以呈酯或盐的形式,如例如在The PesticideManual[杀有害生物剂手册],第16版(BCPC),2012中所提到的。提及解草喹还适用于其锂、钠、钾、钙、镁、铝、铁、铵、季铵、锍或鏻盐(如在WO 02/34048中披露的),并且对解草唑-乙基的提及还适用于解草唑,等等。
优选地,具有式(I)的化合物与安全剂的混合比是从100:1至1:10,尤其是从20:1至1:1。
所述混合物可有利地用于以上提及的配制品中(在这种情况下“活性成分”涉及具有式(I)的化合物与安全剂的对应混合物)。
本发明仍进一步提供了一种在包括作物植物和杂草的场所处控制杂草的方法,其中所述方法包括向所述场所施用控制杂草量的根据本发明的组合物。‘控制’意指杀死、减少或延迟生长、或者防止或减少发芽。通常有待控制的植物是不想要的植物(杂草)。‘场所’意指植物正生长或将生长的区域。
具有式(I)的化合物的施用率可以在宽范围之内变化并且取决于土壤的性质、施用方法(出苗前或出苗后;拌种;施用至种子垄沟;免耕施用等)、作物植物、一种或多种有待控制的杂草、主要气候条件、以及受施用方法支配的其他因素、施用时间以及目标作物。根据本发明的具有式(I)的化合物通常以从10g/ha至2000g/ha、尤其是从50g/ha至1000g/ha的比率施用。
通常通过喷洒所述组合物进行施用,典型地是通过用于大面积的装在拖拉机上的喷洒机,但是还可以使用其他方法如撒粉(针对粉末)、滴加或者浸湿。
可以使用根据本发明的组合物的有用植物包括作物如谷物,例如大麦和小麦、棉花、油菜籽油菜、向日葵、玉米、稻、大豆、甜菜、甘蔗以及草皮。
作物植物还可以包括树,如果树、棕榈树、椰子树或其他坚果。还包括藤本植物(如葡萄)、灌木果树、果实植物和蔬菜。
作物应被理解为还包括通过常规的育种方法或通过基因工程已经赋予对除草剂或多种类别的除草剂(例如ALS-抑制剂、GS-抑制剂、EPSPS-抑制剂、PPO-抑制剂、ACC酶-抑制剂以及HPPD-抑制剂)的耐受性的那些作物。通过常规育种方法已经赋予其对咪唑啉酮(例如,甲氧咪草烟)的耐受性的作物的实例是夏季油菜(卡诺拉(canola))。通过基因工程方法已经赋予其对除草剂的耐受性的作物的实例包括例如草甘膦和草铵膦抗性玉米品种,这些玉米品种在/>和/>商标名下是可商购的。
作物还应被理解为通过基因工程方法已经赋予对有害昆虫的抗性的那些作物,例如Bt玉米(对欧洲玉米螟(European corn borer)有抗性)、Bt棉花(对棉铃象鼻虫(cottonboll weevil)有抗性)以及还有Bt马铃薯(对科罗拉多甲虫(Colorado beetle)有抗性)。Bt玉米的实例是的Bt 176玉米杂交体(先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds))。Bt毒素是由苏芸金芽孢杆菌土壤细菌天然形成的蛋白质。毒素或能够合成此类毒素的转基因植物的实例被描述在EP-A-451878、EP-A-374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、WO 03/052073和EP-A-427 529中。包含一个或多个编码杀昆虫剂抗性和表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物的实例是/>(玉米)、Yield />(玉米)、/>(棉花)、(棉花)、/>(马铃薯)、/>以及/>植物作物或其种子材料均可以是抗除草剂的并且同时是抗昆虫摄食的(“叠加的”转基因结果)。例如,种子可以在具有表达杀昆虫的Cry3蛋白的能力的同时是耐草甘膦的。
作物还应被理解为包括通过常规育种方法或基因工程获得并且含有所谓输出性状(例如改进的储存稳定性、更高的营养价值以及改进的香味)的那些作物。
其他有用的植物包括例如在高尔夫球场、草地、公园以及路旁的或者商业上种植用于草地的草皮草,以及观赏植物,如花卉或者灌木。
可以使用这些组合物来控制不想要的植物(统称为‘杂草’)。有待控制的杂草既可以是单子叶的物种,例如剪股颖属、看麦娘属、燕麦属、臂形草属、雀麦属、蒺藜草属、莎草属、马唐属、稗属、穇属、黑麦草属、雨久花属、筒轴茅属、慈姑属、藨草属、狗尾草属以及高粱属,也可以是双子叶的物种,例如苘麻属、苋属、豚草属、藜属、菊属、白酒草属、拉拉藤属、番薯属、旱金莲属、黄花稔属、白芥属、茄属、繁缕属、婆婆纳属、堇菜属以及苍耳属。本发明的化合物已经示出以展示对抗某些禾本科植物杂草物种(尤其是多年生黑麦草(LoliumPerenne))的特别良好的活性。杂草还可以包括可被认为是作物植物但是在作物区外生长的植物(‘逃逸者(escapes)’),或从先前栽培的不同作物留下的种子生长的植物(‘志愿者(volunteers)’)。此类志愿者或逃逸者可以是对某些其他除草剂耐受的。
本发明的化合物可以根据以下方案来制备。
具有式(I)的化合物(其中G不为氢)可以通过使用已知的方法用试剂G-Z(其中G-Z是烷基化剂(如烷基卤)、酰化剂(如酰氯或酸酐)、磺酰化剂(如磺酰氯)、氨基甲酰化剂(如氨基甲酰氯)或者碳酸化剂(如氯甲酸盐))处理具有式(I)的化合物(其中G是氢))来制备。
具有式(I)的化合物可以通过在合适的钯催化剂、碱的存在下并且在合适的溶剂中,使具有式(A)的碘叶立德(iodonium ylide)(其中Ar是任选取代的苯基)与具有式(B)的芳基硼酸反应来制备。
合适的钯催化剂总体上是钯(II)或钯(0)络合物,例如二卤化钯(II)、乙酸钯(II)、硫酸钯(II)、双(三苯基膦)-二氯化钯(II)、双(三环戊基膦)-二氯化钯(II)、双(三环己基-膦)-二氯化钯(II)、双(二苯亚甲基丙酮)钯(0)或四-(三苯基膦)钯(0)。所述钯催化剂还可以由钯(II)或钯(0)化合物通过与希望的配体络合(通过例如使待络合的钯(II)盐(例如二氯化钯(II)(PdCl2)或乙酸钯(II)(Pd(OAc)2))与所希望的配体(例如三苯基膦(PPh3)、三环戊基膦、三环已基膦、2-二环己基膦基-2’,6’-二甲氧基联苯基或2-二环己基膦基-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯基)以及选择的溶剂一起与具有式(N)的化合物、具有式(O)的芳基硼酸、以及碱进行结合)来“原位”制备。还合适的是二齿配体,例如1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁或1,2-双(二苯基膦基)乙烷。通过加热反应介质,C-C偶联反应所需的钯(II)络合物或钯(0)络合物因此“原位”形成,并且然后引发C-C偶联反应。
钯催化剂是基于具有式(N)的化合物以从0.001mol%至50mol%的量、优选以从0.1mol%至15mol%的量使用。反应还可以在其他添加剂(如四烷基铵盐,例如四丁基溴化铵)存在下进行。优选地,钯催化剂是乙酸钯,碱是氢氧化锂并且溶剂是1,2-二甲氧基乙烷水溶液。
具有式(A)的化合物可以使用已知程序,在溶剂(如水或醇的水溶液,如乙醇的水溶液)中,用高价碘试剂(如(二乙酰氧基)碘苯或亚碘酰苯)以及碱(如碳酸钠的水溶液、氢氧化锂或氢氧化钠)进行处理来从具有式(C)的1,3二酮化合物制备。
可替代地,丙炔基团可以稍后通过脱羧丙炔基化在合成序列中添加,如在以下步骤2中。
硼酸可以通过如以下方案5中的方法制备。例如,具有式(B)或(D)的化合物可以通过已知方法从具有式(F)或(H)的芳基卤制备。例如,可以在合适的溶剂(优选二乙醚或四氢呋喃)中,在-80℃与30℃之间的温度下,用烷基锂卤化物或烷基镁卤化物处理具有式(F或H)的芳基卤,并且然后可以使获得的芳基镁或芳基锂试剂与硼酸三烷基酯(优选硼酸三甲酯)反应以得到硼酸芳基二烷基酯,可以将所述硼酸芳基二烷基酯在酸性条件下进行水解以提供具有式(B)或(D)的硼酸。
如以下方案中示出,具有式(I)的化合物也可以通过Pb偶联,通过使具有式(D)的化合物反应以形成具有式(J)的有机铅试剂并且随后与1,3二酮(C)在例如由J.Pinhey,Pure and Appl.Chem.[纯粹与应用化学],(1996),68(4),819和由M.Moloney等人,Tetrahedron Lett.[四面体快报],(2002),43,3407描述的条件下反应来制备。合适的三芳基铋化合物在例如由A.Yu.Fedorov等人,Russ.Chem.Bull.Int.Ed.[俄罗斯化学公报国际版],(2005),54(11),2602,以及由P.Koech和M.Krische,J.Am.Chem.Soc.[美国化学会志],(2004),126(17),5350以及其中的参考文献描述的条件下可用作相关程序。
如以下方案中示出,类型(I)的化合物也可以通过钯偶联制备,其中类型(B)的硼酸以铃木(Suzuki)类型偶联来偶联至适当保护的类型(K)的卤代烯烃。
在合适的条件下,合适的1,3二酮也可以在钯催化下直接偶联至卤代化合物(例如具有式(L))。如前所述,中间体(M)的丙炔基化得到类型(I)的化合物。
具有式(I,G=H)的化合物可以通过与由T.Wheeler,US4,209,532描述的方法的类似方法,通过使具有式(N)的化合物(其中R是氢或烷基)优选地在酸或碱的存在下并且任选地在合适溶剂的存在下环化来制备。具有式(N)的化合物已经被特别设计为合成具有式(I)的化合物的中间体。具有式(N)的化合物(其中R是氢)可以在酸性条件下、优选地在强酸(如硫酸、多磷酸或伊顿试剂(Eaton’s reagent))的存在下、任选地在合适溶剂(如乙酸、甲苯或二氯甲烷)的存在下被环化。
如以下方案中示出,类型(I)的化合物也可以使用合适的保护基团通过后期官能化制备。化合物(Q)可以通过所述方法转化为中间体(R),并且然后可以除去保护基团(如示出的BOC基团)(在此实例中在酸性条件下)。然后,中间体(S)可以直接转化为化合物(例如(U)),或者在氧原子和氮原子上双重反应,以得到类型(T)的化合物。类型(T)的化合物可以容易地转化为类型(I)的任何化合物-例如,(T)的烯醇酯可以选择性水解以得到(U,G=H),然后其可以通过前述方法转化为(U,G不是H)。
可以使用如以下示出的方法制备如这些的1,3二酮。因此,可商购的酮(例如类型(V))可转化为中间体(W),并且然后转化为中间体(X),并且最后进行脱羧得到中间体(Q)(这些方法描述于WO 2008/110308中)。
以下非限制性实例为本发明的代表性化合物(如在下表1和2中所提及的)提供了特定的合成方法。
实例1:[3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-10-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一-8-烯-8-基]乙酸酯(化合物A2)和[3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-10-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一-8-烯-8-基]乙酸酯(化合物P4)的合成
步骤1:O3-叔丁基O11-乙基8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3,11-二甲酸酯的合成
将4-亚丙酮基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(12.9g,54.0mmol)溶解在乙醇(100mL)中并添加丙二酸二乙酯(54.12mmol)。将反应混合物用乙醇钠的溶液处理,所述溶液是通过在室温下将钠(54.1mmol)添加到乙醇(30ml)中制备的。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌3小时,然后加热至回流持续1小时。冷却后,将反应混合物在真空中浓缩,以得到呈油状物的O3-叔丁基O11-乙基8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3,11-二甲酸酯,将其不经进一步纯化而用于下一步骤。
步骤2:8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将来自步骤1的粗O3-叔丁基O11-乙基8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3,11-二甲酸酯溶解在水性NaOH(12M,5mL)中并搅拌5小时。通过在0℃下添加浓HCl将反应混合物酸化至pH 6并用EtOAc萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空中浓缩,留下黄色固体,将其研磨产生8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯的淡粉色粉末。通过添加浓HCl将水层进一步酸化至pH 2并用EtOAc萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空中浓缩,留下淡黄色固体,将其用乙醚研磨得到另一份8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯的淡黄色粉末(3.914g,13.91mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,仅来自酮基)3.51-3.25(m,6H),2.69-2.54(m,4H),1.47-1.43(m,9H),1.44-1.39(m,4H)。
步骤3:9-(4-溴-2,6-二甲基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(0.5g,1.8mmol)和DMAP(1.1g,8.9mmol)溶解在氯仿(20mL)中。在氮气下将反应混合物搅拌10分钟并添加甲苯(5mL),然后添加[二乙酰氧基-(4-溴-2,6-二甲基-苯基)铅烷基]乙酸酯(1.2g,2.1mmol)。在氮气下在75℃下将所得悬浮液加热3小时,并且然后允许其冷却至室温。将反应混合物用2M HCl(50mL)处理并在搅拌下形成白色沉淀。将混合物过滤并将有机相分离,并将水层用DCM萃取。将组合的有机物干燥(MgSO4),蒸发并通过快速柱色谱法(梯度洗脱:5%-100%EtOAc:异己烷)纯化,以得到9-(4-溴-2,6-二甲基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(0.51g,1.1mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)7.25-7.10(m,2H),3.54-3.43(m,4H),2.61-2.52(m,4H),2.05-1.98(m,7H),1.72-1.56(m,4H),1.48-1.39(m,9H)。
步骤4:9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将4-二苯基膦酰基丁基(二苯基)膦(32mg,0.075mmol),二氯双(三苯基膦)钯(II)(26mg,0.0373mmol)和丁-2-炔酸(346mg,0.894mmol)放入微波小瓶中。添加9-(4-溴-2,6-二甲基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(0.346g,0.745mmol)在DMSO(6mL/mmol)中的溶液,然后添加DBU(0.34g,2.24mmol)并将反应混合物在110℃下在微波辐射下加热45分钟。将反应用2M HCl稀释并用DCM萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空中浓缩,留下橙色胶状物,将其通过快速色谱法(梯度洗脱:10%-100%异己烷中的EtOAc)纯化,以得到9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(0.193g,0.456mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)7.07-6.93(m,2H),3.52-3.45(m,4H),2.62-2.53(m,4H),2.02-1.98(m,9H),1.70-1.60(m,4H),1.51-1.42(m,9H)。
步骤5:合成9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮盐酸盐,然后合成[3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-10-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一-8-烯-8-基]乙酸酯(化合物P4)。
将9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-8,10-二氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(0.193g,0.456mmol)在室温下在4M HCl(在1,4-二噁烷中)(4mL,16mmol)中搅拌1小时。将反应混合物在真空中浓缩,留下呈白色固体的9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮盐酸盐。
将以上固体溶解在二氯甲烷(5mL)中并添加乙酰氯(1.14mmol),然后添加N,N-二乙基乙胺(0.912mmol)。在室温下搅拌1小时30分钟后,再添加一部分N,N-二乙基乙胺(0.912mmol)和乙酰氯(1.14mmol),并将反应混合物再搅拌3小时。将反应用2M HCl稀释并用DCM萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空中浓缩,留下橙色胶状物,将其通过快速色谱法(梯度洗脱:5%-100%EtOAc:异己烷,然后为DCM中的20%MeOH)纯化,以得到[3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-10-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一-8-烯-8-基]乙酸酯(0.1637g,0.4017mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.10-7.03(s,2H),3.80-3.66(m,1H),3.62-3.45(m,3H),2.75-2.70(d,2H),2.62-2.58(d,2H),2.13-2.10(s,3H),2.04-2.02(s,3H),2.03-2.01(s,6H),1.88-1.86(m,3H),1.85-1.77(m,1H),1.76-1.61(m,3H)
步骤7:3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮(化合物A2)的合成
将[3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-10-氧代-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一-8-烯-8-基]乙酸酯(0.111g,0.272mmol)溶解在甲醇(3mL)中并用K2CO3(76mg,0.545mmol)处理。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时30分钟,然后倒入2M HCl中,并且用EtOAc萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空中浓缩,以得到3-乙酰基-9-(2,6-二甲基-4-丙-1-炔基-苯基)-3-氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-8,10-二酮(0.0669g,0.183mmol)。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ=7.05-7.01(s,2H),3.67-3.59(m,2H),3.59-3.53(m,2H),2.62-2.56(s,4H),2.14-2.07(s,3H),2.02-2.01(s,6H),2.00-1.98(s,3H),1.79-1.73(m,2H),1.69-1.61(m,2H)
本发明的除草化合物的实例。
表1
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表2
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表3现有技术比较.
生物学实例
将各种测试物种的种子播种在盆内的标准土壤中(多年生黑麦草(Loliumperenne)(LOLPE)、大狗尾草(Setaria faberi)(SETFA)、大穗看麦娘(Alopecurusmyosuroides)(ALOMY)、稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)(ECHCG)、野燕麦(Avena fatua)(AVEFA))。在温室中在受控条件(在24℃/16℃白天/夜晚下;14小时光照;65%湿度)下培养一天后(出苗前)或八天培养后(出苗后),用水性喷雾溶液喷洒这些植物,所述水性喷雾溶液源自工业级活性成分在丙酮/水(50:50)溶液中的配制品,所述溶液含有0.5%吐温20(聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯,CAS RN 9005-64-5)。化合物以250g/h施用。然后使测试植物在温室中在受控条件(在24℃/16℃白天/夜晚下;14小时光照;65%湿度)下的温室中生长,并且每日浇水两次。对于出苗前和出苗后13天后,对所述测试给植物造成的损害百分比进行评价。下表中以五分制示出了生物活性(5=80%-100%;4=60%-79%;3=40%-59%;2=20%-39%;1=0-19%)。
表B1
/>
NT=未测试。
使用以上程序概述,将小麦和大麦作物植物与两种杂草物种野燕麦(AVEFA)和多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)(LOLPE)一起在出苗后用本发明的化合物A2或比较化合物C1(来自WO 2014/096289的化合物A-38)以指示的施用量进行处理。这些化合物还以50g/ha连同安全剂化合物解草喹(CQC)一起施用。
表B2.
化合物 | 比率g/ha | 小麦 | 大麦 | 燕麦属 | LOLMU |
A2 | 30 | 5 | 0 | 75 | 98 |
60 | 15 | 15 | 92 | 100 | |
60+CQC | 5 | 0 | 92 | 100 | |
C1 | 30 | 25 | 5 | 65 | 98 |
60 | 75 | 90 | 90 | 100 | |
60+CQC | 50 | 18 | 80 | 100 |
在上表B2中概述的结果示出了观察到的%植物毒性,并且与现有技术的化合物C1相比,本发明的化合物A2对小麦和大麦作物的损害明显更小。
Claims (14)
1.一种具有式(I)的化合物
其中
R1是甲基;
R2是甲基或甲氧基;
R3是甲基或甲氧基;
R4是-C(=O)C1-C4烷基或-C(=O)C1-C4卤代烷基;
G选自由以下组成的组:-(CH2)n-Ra、-C(O)-Ra、-C(O)-O-Rd、-C(O)-S-Rd、-C(O)NRaRa、-S(O)2-C1-C8烷基和C1-C8烷氧基-C1-C3烷基-;
Ra独立地选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-C8烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C2-C8烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基;
Rd选自由以下组成的组:C1-C8烷基、C1-C3卤代烷基、C2-C8烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基;并且
n=0、1或2;
或其农业上可接受的盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R2是甲基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R3是甲基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R3是甲氧基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R4是-C(=O)C1-C3烷基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,R4是-C(=O)C1-C3卤代烷基。
7.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,G是氢。
8.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,G是-C(O)C1-C6烷基。
9.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,G是-C(O)-O-C1-C6烷基。
10.一种除草组合物,其包含根据权利要求1所述的具有式(I)的化合物、和农业上可接受的配制辅助剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的除草组合物,其进一步包含至少一种另外的杀有害生物剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的除草组合物,其中,所述另外的杀有害生物剂是除草剂或除草剂安全剂。
13.一种在场所控制杂草的方法,所述方法包括向所述场所施用控制杂草量的根据权利要求10所述的组合物。
14.如权利要求1所定义的具有式(I)的化合物作为除草剂的用途。
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