CN111860007A - 双频hf-uhf识别集成电路 - Google Patents

双频hf-uhf识别集成电路 Download PDF

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CN111860007A
CN111860007A CN202010362500.5A CN202010362500A CN111860007A CN 111860007 A CN111860007 A CN 111860007A CN 202010362500 A CN202010362500 A CN 202010362500A CN 111860007 A CN111860007 A CN 111860007A
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uhf
voltage regulator
integrated circuit
rectifier
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T.库洛特
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EM Microelectronic Marin SA
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Abstract

公开了双频HF‑UHF识别集成电路。公开了包括电源的双频HF‑UHF RFID集成电路。该电源包括：HF分支，包括HF整流器和线性电压调节器，其中HF整流器被配置为连接到由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成的谐振电路，并且其中HF整流器被连接到线性电压调节器；UHF分支，包括UHF整流器和分流电压调节器，其中UHF整流器包括电荷泵并且被配置为连接到UHF天线，并且其中UHF整流器被连接到分流电压调节器；以及供给线，其中，线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器这两者都被连接到电源的供给线。

Description

双频HF-UHF识别集成电路
技术领域
本发明涉及双频高频-超高频(HF-UHF)识别装置，并且更特别地涉及双频HF-UHF射频识别(RFID)集成电路。
背景技术
过去已经提出了若干种双频RFID集成电路。特别是，对于无源器件而言，提供电源以用于向集成电路供给电力。电源一般包括至少一个电力发生器。在其中电源包括 (例如与HF天线线圈的谐振电路中的感应电压相关联的以及与UHF天线中的感应电压相关联的)两个电力发生器的情况下，功率管理系统一般被实现在集成电路中。
文献US2005/0186904涉及一种非接触集成电路，其包括RFID通信接口和数据处理单元，RFID通信接口包括用于在集成电路处于RF磁场中时接收第一感应 HF交流电压的天线线圈，数据处理单元被链接到第一通信接口，配备有电可编程和可擦除存储器。集成电路进一步包括UHF通信接口，UHF通信接口包括UHF天线和复用部件，UHF天线用于在集成电路处于UHF电场信号中时接收第二感应交流电压，复用部件用于将数据处理单元链接到两个通信接口中的一个或另一个。特别是，集成电路还包括组合的功率和模式管理系统，该系统包括模式检测电路(MDC)和开关(SW)，模式检测电路(MDC)用于检测在天线线圈的端子处的交流电压的存在。
参照图1，模式检测单元感测HF谐振电路中的感应电压并且递送模式信号(DET)。模式信号(DET)指示HF电磁场是否被HF天线线圈接收。在其中HF电磁场被HF天线线圈接收的情况下，开关(SW)被配置从而集成电路仅由HF部分供电。在其中HF电磁场未被HF天线线圈接收的情况下，开关(SW)被配置从而集成电路仅由UHF部分供电。
文献US2016/0268850公开了一种双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路，其包括具有HF部分和UHF部分的电源，HF部分由HF整流器形成，HF整流器意图被连接到由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成的谐振电路，UHF部分包括UHF整流器，UHF整流器由电荷泵形成并且意图被连接到UHF天线。RFID集成电路进一步包括电源的HF部分和UHF部分共用的存储电容器，HF整流器输出和UHF整流器输出这两者都连续地连接到共用存储电容器的供给端子。共用存储电容器的供给端子被通过二极管连接到HF整流器的输出，该二极管被布置以便阻断从该供给端子到HF整流器输出的电流。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的是提供双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路和双频HF-UHF识别装置。
一般描述
本发明的第一方面涉及包括电源的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路。电源包括HF分支、UHF分支和供给线。HF分支包括HF整流器和线性电压调节器。HF整流器被配置为连接到由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成的谐振电路。此外，HF整流器被连接到线性电压调节器。UHF分支包括UHF整流器和分流电压调节器。UHF整流器包括电荷泵并且被配置为连接到UHF天线。此外，UHF整流器被连接到分流电压调节器。线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器这两者都被连接到电源的供给线。
根据本发明的第一方面的RFID集成电路的主要优点在于，由HF谐振电路和UHF天线接收的进入的HF电磁场和UHF电磁场这两者可以被(可能被同时地)用于向集成电路供给电力。
应当注意的是，根据本发明的第一方面的RFID集成电路的电源允许集成电路在若干不同的供电情形下工作而不使用所涉及的电子组件，由此降低集成电路的成本并且还降低电路中的总功率损耗。这样的供电情形可以包括：
○(仅)通过由谐振电路接收的HF电磁场来对双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路供电；
○(仅)通过由UHF天线接收的UHF电磁场来对双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路供电；以及
○通过分别由谐振电路和UHF天线同时接收的HF电磁场和UHF电磁场来对双频HF-UHFRFID集成电路供电。
特别是，将领会的是，HF分支和UHF分支在每个分支包括其自身的调节器由此使HF分支和UHF分支的调节解耦的意义上是彼此独立的工作的。这完全不同于文献US2016/0268850提出的其中将分流电压调节器连接到供给线的解决方案。分流电压调节器因此不得不同时调节HF分支和UHF分支的组合电压。例如，在强HF场的情况下，分流电压调节器不得不耗散大量的能量，并且因此引起电源线电压中的纹波或下降。在根据本发明的第一方面的集成电路中则不存在这样的缺点。
将进一步领会的是，当与文献US2016/0268850中提出的装置相比时，线性电压调节器提供改进的HF噪声抑制。
优选地，HF分支和UHF分支这两者都被连续地连接到电源的供给线。如在此所使用的那样，"连续地连接"意味着不存在选择开关或其它选择部件，其在HF分支和UHF分支这两者在它们的相应的输入端子处接收到至少有用的感应电压时选择HF分支或UHF分支作为用于向装置供给电力的电力发生器。换句话说，没有开关部件用于将优先级给予HF分支和UHF分支中的一个和/或用于避免HF分支和UHF分支中的另一个经由供给线向装置供给电力。
根据一个实施例，线性电压调节器是串联线性电压调节器。优选地，线性电压调节器是低压降串联线性电压调节器。
根据一个实施例，第一参考电压被提供给线性电压调节器，并且第二参考电压被提供给分流电压调节器。优选地，线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器被提供有相同的电压参考。将领会的是，使线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器具有相同的电压参考允许提供准确的并且稳定的供给线电压。
根据一个实施例，为了稳定性的目的，在线性电压调节器的输出处布置第一输出缓冲电容器。例如，第一输出缓冲电容器低于50pF。
根据一个实施例，为了稳定性的目的，在分流电压调节器的输出处布置第二输出缓冲电容器。例如，第二输出缓冲电容器低于50pF。
HF分支可以包括布置在线性电压调节器的输出与供给线之间的有源二极管。有源二极管防止(从UHF分支)通过HF分支的电流泄漏。有源二极管是使其栅极受开关的输入或输出控制的有源开关。
UHF分支可以包括布置在分流电压调节器的输出和供给线之间的有源二极管。有源二极管被配置为防止(从HF分支)通过UHF分支的电流泄漏。
由此，减小通过相应的分支的反向泄漏电流，并且限制相应的分支的输出信号上的波动或纹波的幅度。
有源二极管可以是文献US10,043,124中描述的有源二极管。合适的有源二极管在ON(导通)状态(即其中有源二极管的输入和输出被电连接的状态)下提供低压降(例如，低于10 mV)，并且在OFF(断开)状态(即其中有源二极管的输入和输出被电断连的状态)下提供高电阻。
将领会的是，当与其中无源二极管具有大约0.5至1伏的固定的电压下降的文献US2016/0268850的公开相比时，有源二极管的使用还允许减轻由于二极管所致的电压下降。跨有源二极管的更低的电压下降允许以相比较而言更低的由HF天线线圈和/或UHF天线接收的HF场和/或UHF场来使集成电路工作。
供给线可以包括第三输出缓冲电容器。第三输出缓冲电容器例如属于从400pF到1nF的区间。
本发明的第二方面涉及一种双频HF-UHF识别装置。该双频HF-UHF识别装置包括：
•根据本发明的第一方面的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路；
•由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成的并且被连接到HF整流器的谐振电路；以及
•连接到UHF整流器的UHF天线。
附图说明
现在将通过示例的方式参照随附附图详细描述本发明的优选的非限制实施例，在附图中：图1是根据本发明的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路的电源的示意性布局。
具体实施方式
参照图1描述本发明的优选实施例。图1示出双频HF-UHF识别装置10的电源，双频HF-UHF识别装置10包括连接到HF天线线圈12和UHF天线14的RFID集成电路。RFID电路的电源包括HF分支16和UHF分支18。
HF分支16包括连接到由HF天线线圈12和谐振电容器22形成的谐振电路的HF整流器20。谐振电路向HF整流器20的输入端子V1a和V1b提供感应的交流电压。HF整流器20的输出与平滑电容器24的端子连接并且提供第一DC供给电压VHF。替换地或者附加地，HF整流器20与用于生成第一DC供给电压VHF的电压放大电路相关联。
第一DC供给电压VHF被提供给低压降串联线性电压调节器25的输入端子以用于调节第一DC供给电压VHF。即使当合期望的调节电压VHF，reg非常接近VHF时，低压降串联线性电压调节器25也允许调节电压VHF。第一输出缓冲电容器26被布置在线性电压调节器25的输出处。调节电压VHF，reg被提供给第一有源二极管28的输入端子。第一有源二极管28被配置以便阻断反向电流通过HF分支16。将领会的是，当与诸如无源肖特基二极管的无源二极管相比以及反向电流泄漏(例如，来自UHF分支18)时，第一有源二极管减轻和/或抑制电压压降。
UHF分支18包括UHF整流器30，其包括电荷泵，电荷泵链接到UHF天线14的两条布线。UHF整流器30在其两个输入端子V2a和V2b处接收AC感应电压。UHF整流器26在其输出处提供第二DC供给电压VUHF。
第二DC供给电压VUHF被提供给分流电压调节器32的输入端子以吸收分流电流，以便调节第二DC供给电压VUHF。分流电压调节器32(其提供调节电压)被通过第二输出缓冲电容器36连接到第二有源二极管34的输入端子。第二有源二极管34被配置以便阻断反向电流通过UHF分支18。与HF分支16中类似，当与诸如无源肖特基二极管的无源二极管相比以及反向电流泄漏(例如，来自HF分支16)时，第二有源二极管34减轻和/或抑制电压压降。
将进一步领会的是，使用诸如例如第一有源二极管28、第二有源二极管34和/或线性电压调节器25的低压降组件允许减轻跨集成电路的电压下降，由此高效地管理HF和UHF、接收的HF电磁场和UHF电磁场。这对于例如按照适用HF电磁场和/或UHF电磁场的ISO15693来对集成电路供电而言是显著的优点。
低压降串联线性电压调节器25和分流电压调节器32这两者的参考输入端子被连接到相同的参考电压VREF。将领会的是，提供相同的参考电压VREF允许针对对装置供给电力来平衡HF分支和UHF分支的贡献。替换地，它们可以被连接到不同的参考电压VREF，HF、VREF，UHF以分别用于HF分支和UHF分支。
第一有源二极管28的输出端子和第二有源二极管34的输出端子这两者都被连续地连接到供给线38以用于将供给电压VSUP供给到集成电路。
供给线34包括第三输出缓冲电容器40。
将领会的是，根据本发明的第一方面的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路的电源至少在以下的工作条件下是稳定的：
○VUHF＞VSUP并且VHF，reg＜VSUP：(即，强UHF场，以及弱HF场或无HF场)；
○VUHF＜VSUP并且VHF，reg＞VSUP：(即，弱UHF场或无UHF场，以及强HF场)；以及
○VUHF＞VSUP并且VHF，Reg＞VSUP：(即，强UHF场，以及强HF场)。
根据本发明的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路的电源，例如在此在上面描述的优选实施例的电源，可以被实现在不同的RFID集成电路中，并且可以与被布置用于控制这样的电路的功耗、特别是用于最小化其功耗的其它的特定电路相关联。在电池辅助的HF-UHF识别装置的情况下，RFID集成电路可以具有与监听模式相关联的唤醒电路。在特定的实施例中，RFID集成电路包括被布置用于激活和/或控制RFID集成电路的一些部分的HF场检测器和/或UHF场检测器。本领域技术人员可以提供用于调节供给电压VSUP和/或保护RFID集成电路的某些部分的进一步的部件以及特定的升压部件(特别是用于进一步增加供给电压的电压放大器)。
虽然已经在此详细描述了具体实施例，但是本领域技术人员将领会，根据本公开的总体教导，可以开发出对那些细节的各种修改和替换。因此，所公开的特定布置意味着仅是说明性的并且不关于本发明的范围进行限制，本发明的范围被给定为所附权利要求及其任何和所有的等同物的全部范围。

Claims (11)

1.一种包括电源的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路，电源包括：
HF分支，包括HF整流器和线性电压调节器，其中HF整流器被配置为连接到由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成的谐振电路，并且其中HF整流器被连接到线性电压调节器；
UHF分支，包括UHF整流器和分流电压调节器，其中UHF整流器包括电荷泵并且被配置为连接到UHF天线，并且其中UHF整流器被连接到分流电压调节器；以及
供给线；
其中，线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器这两者都被连接到电源的供给线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的RFID集成电路，其中线性电压调节器是串联线性电压调节器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的RFID集成电路，其中串联线性电压调节器是低压降串联线性电压调节器。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，其中第一参考电压被提供给线性电压调节器，并且第二参考电压被提供给分流电压调节器。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，其中线性电压调节器和分流电压调节器被提供有相同的电压参考。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，进一步包括被布置在线性电压调节器的输出处的第一输出缓冲电容器。
7.根据权利要求1至6中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，进一步包括被布置在分流电压调节器的输出处的第二输出缓冲电容器。
8.根据权利要求1至7中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，其中HF分支进一步包括被布置在线性电压调节器的输出与供给线之间的有源二极管。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，其中UHF分支进一步包括被布置在分流电压调节器的输出与供给线之间的有源二极管。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的任何一项所述的RFID集成电路，其中供给线包括第三输出缓冲电容器。
11.一种双频HF-UHF识别装置，包括：
根据权利要求1至10中的任何一项所述的双频HF-UHF RFID集成电路；
谐振电路，其由HF天线线圈和谐振电容器形成并且被连接到所述HF整流器；以及
连接到所述UHF整流器的UHF天线。
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