CN111826201A - Process, system and application for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass - Google Patents
Process, system and application for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process, a system and application for biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal, wherein the system comprises: a settling furnace for providing an environment for biomass pyrolysis; the feeding machine is arranged at the top of the settling furnace; the gas distribution system comprises a first primary air channel, a second primary air channel and a secondary air channel, wherein the first primary air channel is a nitrogen channel and is communicated with the top of the sedimentation furnace; the second primary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen and active gas and is communicated with a first air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, the first air inlet is arranged on the upper part of the settling furnace, and the active gas is a mixed gas of oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide; the secondary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and is connected with a second air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, and the second air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the settling furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of biomass resources, and particularly relates to a process, a system and application for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
At present, the global environment faces the problems of energy shortage, serious environmental pollution and the like, and how to effectively utilize clean recyclable biomass resources is one of the optimal solutions for realizing sustainable development and solving development problems. China has abundant biomass resources, the annual output is about 50 hundred million tons, and the total energy is up to 6 multiplied by 108Ton of standard coal. How to convert biomass into raw materials required for energy power production with high efficiency and cleanness is one of the hot topics of current research.
In the present society, the energy crisis is increased day by day, and the excessive utilization of coal and petroleum also causes serious environmental pollution problems. The biomass energy is effectively utilized, and the method is one of the optimal solutions for the current sustainable development and the solution of energy and environmental problems. Biomass resources in China are quite abundant, and how to efficiently and cleanly utilize a large amount of biomass resources is one of the hot topics of current research.
The utilization of biomass energy to generate electricity by biomass power plants is one of the most common ways of biomass utilization. A traditional biomass power plant adopts a production mode of direct combustion power generation heating, but the heat value of a biomass raw material is generally lower, the heat value of biomass per kilogram is only one percent of that of coal, and the heat production efficiency is extremely low. The volatile content of the biomass is high, the volatile content of the biomass air-dried basis is about 75%, and a large amount of tar can be generated in the combustion process, so that the tar is attached to the inner walls of equipment and pipelines to cause erosion damage to the equipment; on the other hand, the biomass fuel can be attached to the surface of the biomass raw material to prevent the biomass raw material from being completely burnt out, and the calorific value is further reduced.
Biomass pyrolysis gasification is an important way for reasonably utilizing biomass resources, biomass pyrolysis gasification is divided into slow pyrolysis and fast pyrolysis, the slow pyrolysis takes long time, the process is complex, the fast pyrolysis takes short time, and the process is simple, so that the biomass pyrolysis gasification is one of the thermal conversion technologies with the most development potential for biomass resource utilization. Flash pyrolysis is the fastest method in fast pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis process of biomass is completed within 3-10s through extremely high temperature rise rate and relatively high temperature. The pyrolysis product mainly comprises fixed carbon and volatile gas, the yield of tar is relatively low, and the method is extremely practical.
Tar produced in the biomass pyrolysis process is easy to cover the surface of a product and pyrolysis equipment, so that the yield of the product is reduced, the equipment is corroded, and environmental pollution is caused, so that the produced tar needs to be further removed on the basis of flash pyrolysis.
The tar removal technology mainly comprises physical separation removal, thermochemical catalytic cracking removal, thermochemical high-temperature cracking removal and plasma removal technology. Wherein, the thermochemical pyrolysis removal technology is the optimized technology selection for removing tar in the fast pyrolysis process. The high-temperature cracking tar removal technology enables macromolecular tar components to be converted into micromolecular gas products through molecular chain cracking decomposition reaction by manufacturing a high-temperature environment. The research results show that the temperature has a remarkable effect on the thermal cracking process of the tar, and the tar cracking conversion rate and the gas product yield are gradually increased along with the increase of the temperature. In addition, the ratio and component adjustment of biomass pyrolysis gas phase/liquid phase/solid phase products can be realized by adjusting the process parameters of the fast pyrolysis process.
Some existing tar removal technologies (such as physical separation removal, thermochemical catalytic cracking removal, plasma removal technologies and the like) need to be added with corresponding devices or catalysts, so that the production cost and the complexity of the system are greatly increased, the thermochemical pyrolysis removal technology is more suitable for a fast pyrolysis process, a sufficiently high temperature and a fast reaction rate need to be provided, and the gas atmosphere of the current slow pyrolysis process is not beneficial to the cracking removal of tar.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a process and a system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass. The process has the advantages of wide source of applicable raw materials, short time consumption, low energy consumption, high proportion of gas-solid products, low tar yield and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present invention disclose the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass, comprising:
a settling furnace for providing an environment for biomass pyrolysis;
the feeding machine is arranged at the top of the settling furnace;
the gas distribution system comprises a first primary air channel, a second primary air channel and a secondary air channel, wherein the first primary air channel is a nitrogen channel and is communicated with the top of the sedimentation furnace;
the second primary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen and active gas and is communicated with a first air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, the first air inlet is arranged on the upper part of the settling furnace, and the active gas is a mixed gas of oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide;
the secondary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and is connected with a second air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, and the second air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the settling furnace.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass, comprising the following steps:
blowing biomass powder into a settling furnace by using nitrogen as first primary air;
introducing mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide into the upper part of the settling furnace;
in a settling furnace, under the set temperature and the active atmosphere of biomass powder, completing high-temperature flash pyrolysis of the biomass powder, and analyzing volatilization;
the separated volatile component moves downwards, and is subjected to thermochemical pyrolysis under the action of mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide introduced into the lower part of the settling furnace, and macromolecules are cracked into micromolecular hydrocarbon gas molecules.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the application of the biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal process or system in biomass power plant gas supply.
Compared with the prior art, one or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1) the process flow of biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal is optimized. The biomass gas-solid product is prepared by flash pyrolysis in a settling furnace, the generated tar is greatly reduced after thermochemical pyrolysis, and the method is extremely favorable for the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the gas-solid product.
2) The flash pyrolysis is adopted to prepare the gas-solid product, the preparation time is short, the atmosphere condition and equipment are simple, and the energy consumption is low.
3) By adopting the biomass powder as the raw material, the temperature rise rate can be higher (1200-1650K s-1), and the flash pyrolysis can be completed only within 3-10s of the residence time in the furnace, thereby reducing the production time and cost. Has strong adaptability to biomass, and various types of biomass can be used as raw materials.
4) The prepared biomass gas-solid products have higher heat value and can be used as raw materials for subsequent production, and the fixed carbon has higher value as a byproduct.
5) The yield of the biomass gas-solid product is high, the gas yield is 50-80%, the yield of the fixed carbon is 16-26%, and impurities in the product are less.
6) Comprehensive utilization of biomass is further enhanced, the cracking of tar improves the availability of biomass, and the generation of waste and polluted gas in the utilization process of biomass is reduced.
7) Pyrolysis gas generated by flash pyrolysis is introduced into a power plant boiler to be used as fuel gas for combustion, so that the problems of unstable raw materials, severe combustion condition, serious corrosion of heated surfaces and the like in a biomass direct combustion mode in a biomass power plant can be solved, and clean and efficient production is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, the biomass source 1, the gas distribution system 2, the rotary feeder 3, the settling furnace 4, the cyclone separator 5, the gas-solid product collecting device 6.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass, comprising:
a settling furnace for providing an environment for biomass pyrolysis;
the feeding machine is arranged at the top of the settling furnace;
the gas distribution system comprises a first primary air channel, a second primary air channel and a secondary air channel, wherein the first primary air channel is a nitrogen channel and is communicated with the top of the sedimentation furnace;
the second primary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen and active gas and is communicated with a first air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, the first air inlet is arranged on the upper part of the settling furnace, and the active gas is a mixed gas of oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide;
the secondary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and is connected with a second air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, and the second air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the settling furnace.
In some embodiments, the feeder is a rotary feeder.
In some embodiments, the first gas inlet is disposed at a height of 3/4-6/7 of the settling furnace.
In some embodiments, the second gas inlet is disposed at a height of 1/4-1/2 of the settling furnace.
In some embodiments, a cyclone is further included, the cyclone being connected to the lower outlet of the settling furnace.
Further, a solid outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with a feeding machine at the top of the settling furnace through a pipeline.
The cyclone separator can separate out solid matters which are not completely pyrolyzed, and the solid matters are fed into the settling furnace again for pyrolysis, so that the utilization rate of biomass is improved, and the quality of solid carbon is improved.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass, comprising the following steps:
blowing biomass powder into a settling furnace by using nitrogen as first primary air;
introducing mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide into the upper part of the settling furnace;
in a settling furnace, under the set temperature and the active atmosphere of biomass powder, completing high-temperature flash pyrolysis of the biomass powder, and analyzing volatilization;
the separated volatile component moves downwards, and is subjected to thermochemical pyrolysis under the action of mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide introduced into the lower part of the settling furnace, and macromolecules are cracked into micromolecular hydrocarbon gas molecules.
In some embodiments, the biomass powder has a particle size of 60 μm to 300 μm. The biomass can be pine, coconut shell, bamboo, etc.
In some embodiments, the biomass powder-laden nitrogen flow rate is related to the mass of the biomass powder by: the concentration of the biomass powder is 0.35-0.45 (kg biomass powder/kg primary air).
In some embodiments, the second air has a volume fraction of oxygen between 2% and 10%, a volume fraction of water vapor between 10% and 40%, and a volume fraction of carbon dioxide between 25%.
In some embodiments, the secondary air has a volume fraction of 0% to 6% oxygen, a volume fraction of 20% to 30% water vapor, and a volume fraction of 25% carbon dioxide.
Furthermore, the flow ratio of the first primary air to the second primary air to the secondary air is 1:2-4: 2-3.
In some embodiments, the temperature in the settling furnace is 850--1。
Further, the residence time of the biomass powder in the settling furnace is 3-10 s.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the application of the biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal process or system in biomass power plant gas supply.
Pyrolysis gas generated by the flash pyrolysis of the system can be directly introduced into a boiler of a biomass power plant as fuel gas for gas supply.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass comprises: the biomass source 1 is used for processing biomass raw materials to obtain dried biomass powder with the grain diameter of 60-300 mu m, and the downstream end part of the biomass powder is connected with the rotating machine 3;
and the gas distribution system 2 provides a required gas atmosphere. Respectively as follows: one wind one adopts and provides 2L/min nitrogen gas with living beings powder insufflate the subsider furnace device, one is that 6L/min nitrogen gas carries mixed oxygen and vapor and passes through the vent entering system, and the gas mixing proportion is: the volume fraction of oxygen is 5%, the volume fraction of water vapor is 20%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is 25%; the secondary air is as follows: mixed gas is carried by 6L/min nitrogen to enter the system from the lower section part of the settling furnace, and the gas mixing proportion is as follows: the volume fraction of oxygen was 3%, the volume fraction of water vapor was 25%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide was 25%. The proportion of the primary air and the secondary air needs to be according to the volatile component proportion of the biomass raw material so as to ensure the complete flash pyrolysis of the biomass and the thermochemical pyrolysis removal of tar. The primary air system of the air supply system is connected with the feeding system for feeding, and secondary air and active gas are mixed and then supplied to the settling furnace carbon making system;
the rotary feeder 3 is used for supplying biomass powder through the rotary feeder and blowing the biomass powder into a settling furnace system by primary air;
the temperature of a hearth of the settling furnace 4 is set to be 1000 ℃, the raw materials stay in the settling furnace for 4s, and the temperature rise rate is 1000K s-1. And (3) carrying out flash high-temperature pyrolysis on the biomass powder under the atmosphere provided by primary air. The bottom of the hearth receives the movable bottom slag. The gas-solid product enters a cyclone separator;
and the cyclone separator 5 is used for separating gas-solid products and separating incompletely pyrolyzed biomass raw materials from fixed carbon by density difference. Gaseous products are collected from the flue through the cyclone separator 5, solid products are collected according to different densities and heavy fixed carbon, and light incompletely carbonized biomass is collected again and is subjected to cyclic pyrolysis through the feeding machine. The cyclone separator is connected with a gas-solid product collecting system 6.
And the gas-solid product collecting device 6 comprises a gas storage tank, a settling furnace flue and a fixed carbon collecting device.
The whole process flow comprises the following steps:
as shown in the above process flow: the process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass, namely, the original direct biomass combustion process is converted into a process flow for flash pyrolysis and tar removal of biomass and then using a gas-solid product as a fuel, and comprises the following steps:
crushing, grinding and screening the coconut shell biomass raw material for multiple times to obtain biomass powder with the particle size of 60-300 microns, and drying the biomass powder to be used as a raw material;
the desired gas atmosphere is provided by a gas supply system. Respectively as follows: one wind is that 2L/min nitrogen gas is adopted to blow 4.5g/min coconut shell powder into the settling furnace device, and the other wind is that 6L/min nitrogen gas carries mixed oxygen and water vapor to enter the system through the vent, and the gas mixing proportion is: the volume fraction of oxygen is 5%, the volume fraction of water vapor is 20%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is 25%; the secondary air is as follows: active gas is carried into the lower section of the settling furnace through 9L/min of nitrogen, wherein: the volume fraction of oxygen was 3%, the volume fraction of water vapor was 25%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide was 25%.
The principle of biomass pyrolysis is the following reaction equation:
biomass fuel is composed mainly of three components, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and its pyrolysis is assumed to be an independent pyrolysis of the three components:
1) pyrolysis of cellulose:
2) pyrolysis of hemicellulose:
3) and (3) pyrolyzing lignin:
feeding the raw materials into a settling furnace through a rotary feeder, setting the temperature of a hearth to be 1000 ℃, keeping the raw materials in the furnace for 4s, and increasing the temperature at 1000K s-1. And under the activated atmosphere, the biomass powder completes the high-temperature flash pyrolysis process. The biomass powder is pyrolyzed, a large amount of volatile components are separated out, and fixed carbon is reserved.
The volatile component (namely tar) separated out by pyrolysis is subjected to thermochemical pyrolysis under the action of secondary air, and macromolecules are cracked into micromolecular alkanes and hydrocarbon gas molecules, so that the generation of the tar is reduced. Pyrolysis of the volatiles further facilitates flash pyrolysis of the biomass powder.
And gas-solid products enter the cyclone separator from the settling furnace, the gas products are collected as gaseous fuels, solid products are separated through the cyclone separator, the biomass which is not pyrolyzed is pyrolyzed in a recycling mode, and the biomass fixed carbon obtained by pyrolysis is collected as a byproduct.
The yield of gaseous product was about 75%, the yield of fixed char was 16%, and the yield of tar was very low and could not be collected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for biomass flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a settling furnace for providing an environment for biomass pyrolysis;
the feeding machine is arranged at the top of the settling furnace;
the gas distribution system comprises a first primary air channel, a second primary air channel and a secondary air channel, wherein the first primary air channel is a nitrogen channel and is communicated with the top of the sedimentation furnace;
the second primary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen and active gas and is communicated with a first air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, the first air inlet is arranged on the upper part of the settling furnace, and the active gas is a mixed gas of oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide;
the secondary air channel is a mixed gas channel of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and is connected with a second air inlet on the side surface of the settling furnace, and the second air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the settling furnace.
2. The system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: the feeder is a rotary feeder.
3. The system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: the first air inlet is arranged at the 3/4-6/7 height of the settling furnace.
4. The system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: the second air inlet is arranged at the 1/4-1/2 height of the settling furnace.
5. The system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 1, wherein: the cyclone separator is connected to the outlet at the lower end of the settling furnace;
further, a solid outlet of the cyclone separator is connected with a feeding machine at the top of the settling furnace through a pipeline.
6. A process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
blowing biomass powder into a settling furnace by using nitrogen as first primary air;
introducing mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide into the upper part of the settling furnace;
in a settling furnace, under the set temperature and the active atmosphere of biomass powder, completing high-temperature flash pyrolysis of the biomass powder, and analyzing volatilization;
the separated volatile component moves downwards, and is subjected to thermochemical pyrolysis under the action of mixed secondary air of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide introduced into the lower part of the settling furnace, and macromolecules are cracked into micromolecular hydrocarbon gas molecules.
7. The process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the biomass powder is 60-300 μm;
preferably, the relationship between the nitrogen flow carrying the biomass powder and the mass of the biomass powder is as follows: the concentration of the biomass powder is about 0.35-0.45kg biomass powder/kg primary air.
8. The process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 6, wherein: in the second primary air, the volume fraction of oxygen is 2-10%, the volume fraction of water vapor is 10-40%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is 25%;
or in the secondary air, the volume fraction of oxygen is 0-6%, the volume fraction of water vapor is 20-30%, and the volume fraction of carbon dioxide is 25%.
9. The process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to claim 6, wherein: the flow ratio of the first primary air to the second primary air to the secondary air is 1:2-4: 2-3;
further, the temperature in the settling furnace is 850-1450 ℃, and the heating rate is 1200-1650K s-1；
Further, the residence time of the biomass powder in the settling furnace is 3-10 s.
10. Use of a process for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to any one of claims 6 to 9 or a system for flash pyrolysis gasification and tar removal of biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in biomass power plant gas supply.
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| CN112646605A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-13 | 苏州允清环境能源科技有限公司 | Double-layer furnace body fixed bed gasification furnace and organic solid waste gasification method |
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