CN111826047B - 一种钢结构防火防腐涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种钢结构防火防腐涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 229940071182 stannate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钢结构防火防腐涂料及其制备方法，该防火防腐涂料由丙烯酸树脂、水性聚酯树脂、聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅、磷酸锌、三聚磷酸铝、纳米氧化锌、云母氧化铁、重质碳酸钙、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅及助剂混合制成。本发明通过选择合适的原料，调整原料的含量处于最优的比例，使各原料的性能相互协调配合，得到的水性防火防腐涂料具有优良的防腐性能和耐火性能，光泽度好，涂刷之后长时间不会出现剥皮、龟裂等现象，对钢结构可以起到长效保护作用，具有绿色环保、制备工艺简单、应用前景广泛的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种钢结构防火防腐涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢结构是现代建筑工程中较为普通的结构形式之一，是继钢筋混凝土之后最具革命性的建筑新发展和新应用。与传统建筑相比，由于钢结构建筑采用钢板或型钢替代了钢筋混凝土，使其强度更高、抗震性更好，被广泛应用于大型厂房、场馆、超高层等领域。尽管钢结构建筑具有节能、环保、轻体、抗震等诸多优点，但是易腐蚀和极易导热的问题则是钢结构在实际应用中存在着两大亟待解决的安全隐患。目前大多采用表面涂覆防火、防腐涂料对钢结构进行保护。
目前的防腐涂料产品中大多数为溶剂型，在施工和使用过程中会产生大量的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)，既危害了人们的生命健康，又污染了环境。随着人们环保意识的提高，环保友好型的、零VOC排放量的水性防腐涂料受到广泛关注，然而，普通的水性防腐涂料存在耐火、防腐性能差以及耐久性差的问题，应用效果不理想，使用受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钢结构防火防腐涂料，同时兼具防火和防腐蚀双重功能，延长钢结构的使用寿命。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，制备工艺简单，且绿色环保。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种钢结构防火防腐涂料，由以下重量份的组分制成：丙烯酸树脂30-40份，水性聚酯树脂15-20份，聚磷酸铵20-25份，三聚氰胺3-8份，季戊四醇12-18份，膨胀珍珠岩6-12份，十溴二苯乙烷3-9份，锡酸亚硅2-3份，磷酸锌3-6份，三聚磷酸铝1-3份，纳米氧化锌3-4份，云母氧化铁8-20份，重质碳酸钙2-6份，有机膨润土3.5-4.5份，气相二氧化硅0.8-1.2份，润湿分散剂0.1-0.8份，消泡剂0.1-0.4份，流平剂0.5-1份，成膜助剂1-3份，硅烷偶联剂0.5-5份，水10-20份。
优选的，所述丙烯酸树脂为水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂。
优选的，所述十溴二苯乙烷与锡酸亚硅的质量比为3∶1。
优选的，所述纳米氧化锌的粒径在10-40nm。
优选的，所述成膜助剂为醇酯十二、乙二醇乙醚、己二醇、丙二醇中的一种或两种。
优选的，所述流平剂为有机硅流平剂或氟改性聚丙烯酸酯流平剂。
优选的，所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或者多种。
本发明还提供上述钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1)按配比分别将重质碳酸钙、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅加入到水中，在1000-1200r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀，制得悬浮浆液；
2)按配比分别称量丙烯酸树脂和聚酯树脂，并加入润湿分散剂、消泡剂、流平剂、成膜助剂、硅烷偶联剂，再加入步骤1)得到的悬浮浆液，在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀；
3)在300-500r/min的转速下，向步骤2)最终得到的混合物中依次加入聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅、磷酸锌、三聚磷酸铝、纳米氧化锌、云母氧化铁，加料完毕后继续在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌10-30分钟使其分散均匀，得到涂料粗料；
4)将步骤3)得到的涂料粗料转移至砂磨机中研磨3-4遍，得到细度≤30微米细料，即钢结构防火防腐涂料。
本发明以丙烯酸树脂、水性聚酯树脂为主体基料，避免了单一树脂作基料而带来的某种涂膜缺陷。本发明选用聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩配合使用作为混合膨胀型阻燃剂，选用十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅配合使用作为协效阻燃剂，提高涂料的耐火性能；选用磷酸锌、三聚磷酸铝、云母氧化铁和氧化锌配合使用作为防腐蚀填料，提高涂料耐水性和耐腐蚀性，改善施工性能，提高机械强度，且纳米氧化锌能使涂层具有屏蔽紫外线、杀菌防毒作用；选用重质碳酸钙、有机膨润土和气相二氧化硅配合作为填料用在涂料中，可以起到骨架的作用，具有防沉效果，能够有效改善涂料的触变性、流变性等涂刷性，提高涂料的耐候性、抗划伤性、抗老化性能，提高涂层与基材之间的结合强度，防止涂料流挂和涂料龟裂，且碳酸钙与聚磷酸铵能够在高温下发生反应放出大量气体，提高防火效率。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明通过选择合适的原料，调整原料的含量处于最优的比例，使各原料的性能相互协调配合，得到的水性防火防腐涂料具有优良的防腐性能和耐火性能，涂刷之后长时间不会出现剥皮、龟裂等现象，对钢结构可以起到长效保护作用，减少钢构腐蚀产生的损失。
2.本发明不含有机溶剂，具有绿色环保、制备工艺简单、应用前景广泛的特点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
以下实施例中各原料如无特殊说明，均为市售商品。
以下实施例中所用的纳米氧化锌的粒径在10-40nm。
实施例1
一种钢结构防火防腐涂料，由以下重量份的组分制成：水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂35份，水性聚酯树脂17份，聚磷酸铵22份，三聚氰胺6份，季戊四醇15份，膨胀珍珠岩9份，十溴二苯乙烷6份，锡酸亚硅2份，磷酸锌5份，三聚磷酸铝2.5份，纳米氧化锌3.5份，云母氧化铁16份，重质碳酸钙5份，有机膨润土4份，气相二氧化硅1份，润湿分散剂0.5份，消泡剂0.2份，有机硅流平剂0.8份，醇酯十二2份，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷2份，水15份。
上述钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1)按配比分别将重质碳酸钙、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅加入到水中，在1000-1200r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀，制得悬浮浆液；
2)按配比分别称量水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂和聚酯树脂，并加入润湿分散剂、消泡剂、有机硅流平剂、醇酯十二、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷，再加入步骤1)得到的悬浮浆液，在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀；
3)在300-500r/min的转速下，向步骤2)最终得到的混合物中依次加入聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅、磷酸锌、三聚磷酸铝、纳米氧化锌、云母氧化铁，加料完毕后继续在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌10-30分钟使其分散均匀，得到涂料粗料；
4)将步骤3)得到的涂料粗料转移至砂磨机中研磨3-4遍，得到细度≤30微米细料，即钢结构防火防腐涂料。
实施例2
一种钢结构防火防腐涂料，由以下重量份的组分制成：水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂30份，水性聚酯树脂15份，聚磷酸铵20份，三聚氰胺3份，季戊四醇12份，膨胀珍珠岩6份，十溴二苯乙烷3份，锡酸亚硅2份，磷酸锌3份，三聚磷酸铝1份，纳米氧化锌3份，云母氧化铁8份，重质碳酸钙2份，有机膨润土3.5份，气相二氧化硅0.8份，润湿分散剂0.1份，消泡剂0.1份，有机硅流平剂0.5份，乙二醇乙醚1份，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.5份，水10份。
其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种钢结构防火防腐涂料，由以下重量份的组分制成：水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂40份，水性聚酯树脂20份，聚磷酸铵25份，三聚氰胺8份，季戊四醇18份，膨胀珍珠岩12份，十溴二苯乙烷9份，锡酸亚硅3份，磷酸锌6份，三聚磷酸铝3份，纳米氧化锌4份，云母氧化铁20份，重质碳酸钙6份，有机膨润土4.5份，气相二氧化硅1.2份，润湿分散剂0.8份，消泡剂0.4份，氟改性聚丙烯酸酯流平剂1份，己二醇1份、丙二醇2份，γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷5份，水20份。
其制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1相同，区别仅在于不含有十溴二苯乙烷和锡酸亚硅。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1相同，区别仅在于不含有膨胀珍珠岩。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1相同，区别仅在于不含有膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅。
按GB 14907-2018《钢结构防火涂料》规定的方法进行测试，实施例1～3(即S1～S3)、对比例1～3(即D1～D3)的主要性能见表1：
表1本发明实施例1～3及对比例1～3的主要性能
由表1可知，当涂料中只含有聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇时(即对比例3)，涂料的发泡膨胀倍率最低，耐火性能最差；当只加入膨胀珍珠岩后(即对比例1)，涂料的发泡膨胀倍率有所提高，但耐火性能提高较少；当只加入十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅后(即对比例1)，涂料的耐火性能有显著提高，但是对发泡膨胀倍率影响较小；当同时加入膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅后(即实施例1)，涂料的发泡膨胀倍率和耐火性能均有显著提高，说明以聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅复配组成的膨胀型阻燃剂具有协同增效作用，能显著改善涂料的防火耐火性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，具有如下重量份的原料制备而成：
丙烯酸树脂30-40份，水性聚酯树脂15-20份，聚磷酸铵20-25份，三聚氰胺3-8份，季戊四醇12-18份，膨胀珍珠岩6-12份，十溴二苯乙烷3-9份，锡酸亚硅2-3份，磷酸锌3-6份，三聚磷酸铝1-3份，纳米氧化锌3-4份，云母氧化铁8-20份，重质碳酸钙2-6份，有机膨润土3.5-4.5份，气相二氧化硅0.8-1.2份，润湿分散剂0.1-0.8份，消泡剂0.1-0.4份，流平剂0.5-1份，成膜助剂1-3份，硅烷偶联剂0.5-5份，水10-20份；
具体步骤如下：
1)按配比分别将重质碳酸钙、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅加入到水中，在1000-1200r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀，制得悬浮浆液；
2)按配比分别称量丙烯酸树脂和聚酯树脂，并加入润湿分散剂、消泡剂、流平剂、成膜助剂、硅烷偶联剂，再加入步骤1)得到的悬浮浆液，在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌使其分散均匀；
3)在300-500r/min的转速下，向步骤2)最终得到的混合物中依次加入聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀珍珠岩、十溴二苯乙烷、锡酸亚硅、磷酸锌、三聚磷酸铝、纳米氧化锌、云母氧化铁，加料完毕后继续在800-1000r/min的转速下搅拌10-30分钟使其分散均匀，得到涂料粗料；
4)将步骤3)得到的涂料粗料转移至砂磨机中研磨3-4遍，得到细度≤30微米细料，即钢结构防火防腐涂料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸树脂为水性环氧改性丙烯酸树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述十溴二苯乙烷与锡酸亚硅的质量比为3∶1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳米氧化锌的粒径在10-40nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述成膜助剂为醇酯十二、乙二醇乙醚、己二醇、丙二醇中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述流平剂为有机硅流平剂或氟改性聚丙烯酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种钢结构防火防腐涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或者多种。
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