CN111821643A - Submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium for extinguishing liquid fuel fire - Google Patents
Submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium for extinguishing liquid fuel fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN111821643A CN111821643A CN202010853909.7A CN202010853909A CN111821643A CN 111821643 A CN111821643 A CN 111821643A CN 202010853909 A CN202010853909 A CN 202010853909A CN 111821643 A CN111821643 A CN 111821643A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0021—Microcapsules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium for extinguishing liquid fuel fire. The particle size range of the fire extinguishing medium particles is 0.1-1 mm, and the fire extinguishing medium particles are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wall material and 85-95 parts of core material; the core material is pure water or a sodium salt aqueous solution. The submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium provided by the invention can realize spreading and isolating actions on the surface of liquid fuel, does not need fluorocarbon surfactant and extra cooling water, can quickly extinguish various liquid fuel fires by regulating and controlling the particle size, and has wide application range and good universality; the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is clean, environment-friendly, safe and nontoxic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing medium research and development, and particularly relates to a submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium for extinguishing liquid fuel fire.
Background
The conventional method of extinguishing liquid fuel fires is currently a foam fire suppressant because the foam fire suppressant spreads rapidly over the surface of the liquid fuel and acts as an insulation. However, foam extinguishants face several problems: firstly, the environmental protection problem is caused by the fact that the fluorocarbon surfactant serving as a foam concentrate core formula is difficult to degrade in the atmosphere, so that the production and application of the fluorocarbon surfactant are severely limited, and the foam extinguishing agent using the fluorine-free surfactant as a substitute formula can not meet the use requirement and has no related commercial products; secondly, the problem of burning resistance, namely, the foam extinguishing agent needs to reduce the surface temperature of the liquid fuel to be lower than a certain value when the foam extinguishing agent normally plays an isolation role, and a large amount of water resources or foam liquid needs to be wasted when the purpose is achieved; thirdly, the problem of synergy is that the type and the formula of the foam stock solution are not unified in China, and for large-scale petrochemical fire disasters, a large amount of foam extinguishing agents of different types are regulated and collected from all over the country and cannot play a synergistic effect or even a reverse effect when used at the same time.
The liquid core microcapsule can realize rapid movement on a liquid medium by only needing small force, and the core material does not contact the surface of the liquid; when the liquid core microcapsule moves on the surface of the liquid fuel, the number of layers of the wall material is reduced, and a wall material mark is left on the surface of the liquid fuel to form a covering layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium for extinguishing liquid fuel fire.
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is characterized in that the particle size range of fire extinguishing medium particles is 0.1-1 mm, and the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wall material and 85-95 parts of core material; the core material is pure water or a sodium salt aqueous solution.
The wall material is one or more of hydrophobic silicon dioxide, lycopodium clavatum powder, titanium dioxide, copper powder, ferroferric oxide and bentonite.
Preferably, the sodium salt is sodium chloride.
Preferably, the coating further comprises 0.1-2 parts of an additive in parts by weight.
More preferably, the additive is one or a mixture of more of methyl hydrogen silicone oil, sodium alginate, calcium carbonate, epoxy resin, acrylamide, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, glycerol, polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, chitosan, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium acrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and gluconolactone.
According to the preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium, the wall material and the core material are mixed, and then the wall material is coated on the surface of the core material, so that the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is obtained.
Preferably, the mixing of the wall material and the core material further comprises adding an additive to the resulting system.
The mixing is carried out under the condition of stirring, the stirring speed is 3000-8000 r/min, and the time is 10-60 s.
The submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium or the prepared submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is applied to extinguishing liquid fuel fire.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium provided by the invention can realize spreading and isolating actions on the surface of liquid fuel without a fluorocarbon surfactant and extra cooling water; the core material liquid phase has obvious heat absorption and cooling effects, and the wall material protection is provided, so that the evaporation loss of liquid in a heat radiation area can be reduced, the problem that most of phase change and volume expansion of the liquid in the conventional extinguishing means occur outside a flame area and a large amount of water resources have to be wasted is solved, the dilution effects of the phase change heat absorption and the volume expansion of the liquid in the extinguishing process are fully exerted in a flame core reaction area, and the water resources are saved; in the application process of the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium, because the liquid drops are coated and do not contact with the surface of an oil product, the core material leaves in an evaporation mode after the microcapsules are broken, and the wall material floats on the surface of the liquid fuel, so that the pollution problem of the unburned fuel at the lower layer is avoided; the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium can effectively improve the efficiency of liquid drops for absorbing heat radiation under the protection of wall materials, and improves the fire extinguishing efficiency; the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is applied to the surface of the liquid fuel in a 'film forming' mode, a nozzle is not needed, and the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is directly applied from a pipeline, so that the damage rate of the microcapsule in the application process is reduced; the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium can quickly extinguish various liquid fuel fires by regulating and controlling the particle size, and has wide application range and good universality; the microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is clean, environment-friendly, safe and nontoxic.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.3 parts of sodium chloride, 10.9 parts of hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 0.5 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 85.8 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate, and stirring uniformly;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, sequentially adding hydrophobic silicon dioxide and methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil, and continuously stirring for 120s at the rotating speed of 4000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 mm.
Example 2
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.3 parts of sodium chloride, 10.9 parts of hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 1.5 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part of gluconolactone and 84.3 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate and calcium carbonate, mixing for 1800s by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare a suspension, and then adding gluconolactone, stirring and dissolving;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, immediately adding hydrophobic silicon dioxide, and continuously stirring for 300s at the rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Example 3
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of lycopodium clavatum powder, 1.5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of gluconolactone and 85 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate, mixing for 2000s by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare a suspension, and then adding glucolactone, stirring and dissolving;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, immediately adding the lycopodium clavatum powder and the bentonite, and continuously stirring for 300s at the rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Example 4
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5 parts of ferroferric oxide, 0.5 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of gluconolactone and 85 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate, mixing for 2000s by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare a suspension, and then adding glucolactone, stirring and dissolving;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, immediately adding titanium dioxide and ferroferric oxide, and continuously stirring for 300s at the rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Example 5
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.3 parts of sodium chloride, 10.9 parts of hydrophobic silica, 0.5 part of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 4000.5 parts of polyethylene glycol and 85.8 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and uniformly stirring;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, sequentially adding hydrophobic silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol 400, and continuously stirring for 120s at the rotating speed of 4000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 mm.
Example 6
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.3 parts of sodium chloride, 10.9 parts of hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 0.5 part of chitosan, 0.5 part of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 85.8 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding chitosan, and uniformly stirring;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, sequentially adding hydrophobic silicon dioxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and continuously stirring for 120s at the rotating speed of 4000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.5-0.8 mm.
Comparative example 1
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of sodium chloride, 11.5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of gluconolactone and 85 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate, mixing for 2000s by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare a suspension, and then adding glucolactone, stirring and dissolving;
(2) pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, immediately adding bentonite, and continuously stirring for 300s at the rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Comparative example 2
A submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of sodium chloride, 11.5 parts of lycopodium clavatum powder, 0.5 part of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of gluconolactone and 85 parts of water.
The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, pouring sodium chloride into water, stirring until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, adding sodium alginate, mixing for 2000s by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare a suspension, and then adding glucolactone, stirring and dissolving;
(2) and pouring the liquid into a stirring container of a high-speed stirrer, immediately adding the lycopodium clavatum powder, and continuously stirring for 300s at the rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium with the particle size range of 0.8-1.0 mm.
Experimental example:
the flame of No. 92 automobile ethanol gasoline is used as a fire source. The inner diameters of the round steel oil pans are respectively 0.56m, the wall thickness is 2.5 multiplied by 10-3m, and the depth is 0.15 m. The diameter of the bottom surface of the combustion tank for the burning resistance test is 0.11m2And a height of 0.1 m. The test is carried out under the windless condition, and the fire-extinguishing personnel wear a whole set of fire-avoiding clothes before ignition. Igniting 10L of ethanol gasoline, recording the ignition time as 0s, pre-burning for 60s, and applying the fire extinguishing agent to the oil pan through the application pipe at the flow rate of 700 g/min. If the fire extinguishment is successful, the application time is 180s, and the time from ignition to flame extinguishment is the fire extinguishment time; the fire extinguishing failure is continuously applied until the flame is extinguished. When the application of the fire extinguishing agent was stopped, a combustion pot containing 1L of n-heptane was placed in the center of the oil pan, the n-heptane was ignited after the application of the fire extinguishing agent was stopped for 60 seconds, and the time from the ignition of the combustion pot until the flame covered the entire oil pan again was recorded as the burn-resistant time. The extinguishing time and the burning resistance time of each extinguishing agent are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Note: represents P <0.05 compared to the group of example 1; # represents P <0.05 compared to the example 3 group.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium is characterized in that the particle size range of fire extinguishing medium particles is 0.1-1 mm, and the fire extinguishing medium is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wall material and 85-95 parts of core material; the core material is pure water or a sodium salt aqueous solution.
2. The submillimeter-level liquid-core microcapsule fire-extinguishing medium according to claim 1, wherein the wall material is one or more of hydrophobic silica, lycopodium clavatum powder, titanium dioxide, copper powder, ferroferric oxide and bentonite.
3. The submillimeter-scale liquid-core microcapsule fire-extinguishing medium according to claim 1, wherein the sodium salt is sodium chloride.
4. The submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising 0.1-2 parts by weight of an additive.
5. The submillimeter-sized liquid-core microcapsule fire-extinguishing medium according to claim 4, wherein the additive is one or a mixture of several of methyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil, sodium alginate, calcium carbonate, epoxy resin, acrylamide, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, glycerol, polyethylene glycol 200, polyethylene glycol 300, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 600, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, chitosan, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium acrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and gluconolactone.
6. The preparation method of the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that after a wall material and a core material are mixed, the wall material is coated on the surface of the core material to obtain the submillimeter-level liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium.
7. The method for preparing a submillimeter-sized liquid-core microcapsule fire-extinguishing medium according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises adding an additive to the obtained system after mixing the wall material and the core material.
8. The preparation method of the submillimeter-sized liquid core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium according to claim 6, wherein the mixing is carried out under stirring conditions, wherein the stirring speed is 3000-8000 r/min, and the time is 10-60 s.
9. The use of the submillimeter-sized liquid-core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the submillimeter-sized liquid-core microcapsule fire extinguishing medium prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 for extinguishing liquid fuel fires.
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| CN113171583A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-27 | 山东国泰科技有限公司 | Novel composite fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114652992A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-24 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Cooling type superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preparation method and fire extinguishing equipment thereof |
| CN116173455A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-05-30 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Anti-reburning composite fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116271675A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-06-23 | 湖北火控安防科技有限公司 | Perfluoro-hexanone microcapsule fire extinguishing medium and preparation method thereof |
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