CN111817338B - Black-start control method and system for wind-solar new energy power station - Google Patents

Black-start control method and system for wind-solar new energy power station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111817338B
CN111817338B CN202010476396.2A CN202010476396A CN111817338B CN 111817338 B CN111817338 B CN 111817338B CN 202010476396 A CN202010476396 A CN 202010476396A CN 111817338 B CN111817338 B CN 111817338B
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energy storage
power
storage battery
wind turbine
wind
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CN111817338A (en
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崔红芬
王德顺
杨波
薛金花
周晨
冯鑫振
刘欢
赵晶晶
朱天天
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241The oscillation concerning frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a black start control method and a black start control system for a wind-solar new energy power station, wherein the black start control method comprises the following steps: when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black start condition, the energy storage system outputs voltage based on a voltage reference value which is continuously set in a certain time, and the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus are recovered until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values; after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, the wind turbine generator system, the photovoltaic turbine generator system and the energy storage battery are controlled to supply power based on the coordination control method of wind-solar energy storage, so that the stable power supply to the load is realized.

Description

Black-start control method and system for wind-solar new energy power station
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of black start of new energy power stations, and particularly relates to a black start control method and a black start control system of a wind-solar new energy power station.
Background
With the increasing dependence of modern society on power supply, the consequences caused by blackout become serious, and how to enable the system to quickly recover after blackout, namely to realize black start, becomes an important subject for safe operation of the modern power system.
The black start refers to that after the whole system is stopped due to failure, the system is completely powered off (the isolated small power grid is not excluded and still keeps running) and is in a full black state, and the system is not dependent on other network assistance, and a generator set with self-starting capability in the system is started to drive the generator set without self-starting capability, so that the recovery range of the system is gradually enlarged, and finally the recovery of the whole system is realized.
Hydropower plants are ideal choices as black start power sources for power grids, however, the construction of hydroelectric sets is limited by the lack of water resources in local power grids. Therefore, aiming at the special geographic position and the requirement of the local power grid, a novel power supply which can be used as a black start power supply is searched and built, and the method plays an important role in improving the recovery speed of the power grid after faults.
Wind energy and photovoltaic power generation have the advantages of cleanliness and no pollution, but have uncertainty and random volatility. The battery energy storage has the characteristics of high response speed, flexible power and energy configuration, no limitation of geographical position in installation and the like, so that the black start of the new energy power station is possible. The potential functions of the energy storage type new energy power station are excavated, so that the energy storage type new energy power station is used as a black start power supply of a power grid to provide auxiliary services for the power grid, the spare capacity of the black start power supply of the system can be increased, the recovery speed of a local power grid is improved, and the economic loss is reduced; and the wind power plant and the photovoltaic power station can obtain additional benefits.
At present, the research on new energy as a black start power supply has the following problems: 1. when the energy storage system is self-started, the output voltage of the energy storage system instantaneously rises to the rated voltage of a bus, so that the transformer generates exciting inrush current to consume a large amount of electric energy in the charging process, the rated voltage and the frequency of the bus cannot be quickly established, and the self-starting time is prolonged; 2. after wind power and photoelectricity are put into power generation, the influence of the state of charge constraint of the energy storage battery on the power balance control is not considered in the power balance control of the energy storage system, so that the energy storage battery cannot normally operate due to over-charge and over-discharge in the power supply process, and the system cannot stably supply power, and therefore, how to solve the problems in the prior art is a problem to be solved by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides a black start control method of a wind-solar new energy power station, which comprises the following steps:
when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black start condition, controlling the energy storage system to continuously set a voltage reference value to output voltage in a certain time, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, the wind turbine generator system, the photovoltaic turbine generator system and the energy storage battery are controlled to supply power based on a coordination control method of wind-light storage, so that stable power supply to loads is realized.
Preferably, the coordination control method based on wind-solar energy storage controls power supply of a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic turbine generator and an energy storage battery to realize stable power supply to loads, and the coordination control method comprises the following steps:
a1, determining initial input quantity of a photovoltaic unit and a wind turbine, inputting the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine according to the initial input quantity, and accessing loads;
a2, collecting output power of a photovoltaic unit, output power of a wind turbine unit, electric power for a load and charge state of an energy storage battery;
a3, judging whether the absolute value of the system power deficiency value is larger than the output rated value of the energy storage battery or not based on the output power of the photovoltaic unit, the output power of the wind turbine unit, the electric power of the load and the state of charge data of the energy storage battery:
if the output rated value of the energy storage battery is larger than the output rated value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit is adjusted, and the step A2 is returned;
if the output rating of the energy storage battery is smaller than or equal to the output rating, executing the step A4;
a4, adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units and adjusting the charge and discharge states of the energy storage batteries based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage batteries;
a5, repeatedly executing the steps A2-A5 until stable power supply to the load is realized;
and the system power deficiency value is equal to the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit minus the load power.
Preferably, based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage battery, adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit and adjusting the charge and discharge states of the energy storage battery, including:
b1, judging whether the sum of output power of the photovoltaic unit and output power of the wind turbine unit is larger than or equal to the electric power for load or not:
if not, executing the step B2;
if not, executing the step B3;
b2, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is smaller than a set maximum threshold value: if the threshold value is smaller than the set maximum threshold value, controlling the energy storage battery to charge, and returning to the step A2; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is larger than or equal to the set maximum threshold value, reducing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step A2;
b3, judging whether the state of charge of the energy storage battery is larger than a set minimum threshold value: if the current value is larger than the set minimum threshold value, controlling the discharge of the energy storage battery, and returning to the step A2; and if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is smaller than or equal to the set minimum threshold value, increasing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step A2.
Preferably, the maximum threshold value of the state of charge of the energy storage battery is set to be 0.9, and the minimum threshold value of the state of charge of the energy storage battery is set to be 0.1.
Preferably, after step A1 and before step A2, the method further comprises:
constant power control is adopted for the output power of the photovoltaic unit;
virtual inertia control and pitch angle control are adopted for the output power of the wind turbine generator;
voltage/frequency control is used for the energy storage battery output power.
Preferably, virtual inertia control and pitch angle control are adopted for output power of the wind turbine generator, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the system load input frequency is reduced, the doubly-fed motor of the wind turbine generator is controlled by virtual inertia to release the kinetic energy of the rotor, so that the transient active support of the system is carried out;
when the rotating speed of the doubly-fed motor rotor is recovered, the pitch angle of the fan blade is controlled through the pitch angle to absorb wind power, and the system steady-state active support is carried out.
Preferably, the black start condition means: the wind speed of the area where the wind-solar new energy power station is located is larger than a set threshold value, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is in a set starting threshold value range.
Preferably, the set threshold value of the wind speed is 5m/s, and the starting threshold value range of the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is 0.3-0.7.
Based on the same conception, the application provides a black start control system of a wind-solar new energy power station, which comprises the following components:
the self-starting module is used for controlling the energy storage system to continuously set a voltage reference value to output voltage in a certain time when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black starting condition, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
and the coordination power supply module is used for controlling power supply of the wind turbine generator, the photovoltaic turbine generator and the energy storage battery based on a coordination control method of wind-solar storage after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, so that stable power supply to loads is realized.
Preferably, the coordinated power supply module comprises:
the initial power supply module is used for determining the initial input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit, inputting the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit according to the initial input quantity and accessing the load;
the detection module is used for collecting output power of the photovoltaic unit, output power of the wind turbine unit, electric power for loads and charge state of the energy storage battery;
the first judgment and coordination module is used for judging whether the absolute value of the system power deficiency value is larger than the output rated value of the energy storage battery or not based on the output power of the photovoltaic unit, the output power of the wind turbine unit, the electric power of the load and the charge state data of the energy storage battery:
if the output rated value of the energy storage battery is larger than the output rated value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit is adjusted, and the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit return to the detection module;
if the output rating of the energy storage battery is smaller than or equal to the output rating of the energy storage battery, executing a second coordination module;
the second coordination module is used for adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units and the charge and discharge states of the energy storage batteries based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage batteries;
the circulating module is used for repeatedly executing the steps of the detecting module, the first judging and coordinating module, the second coordinating module and the circulating module until stable power supply to the load is realized;
and the system power deficiency value is equal to the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit minus the load power.
Preferably, the second coordination module includes:
the first judging module is used for judging whether the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit is larger than or equal to the electric power for load or not:
if not, executing the step B2;
if not, executing the step B3;
the second judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is smaller than a set maximum threshold value or not: if the energy storage battery is smaller than the set maximum threshold value, controlling the energy storage battery to charge, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is larger than or equal to the set maximum threshold value, reducing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step of the detection module;
the third judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is larger than a set minimum threshold value: if the current value is larger than the set minimum threshold value, controlling the discharge of the energy storage battery, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is smaller than or equal to the set minimum threshold value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is increased, and the detection module is returned.
Preferably, the maximum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is 0.9, and the minimum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is 0.1.
Preferably, the coordination power supply module further comprises:
the photovoltaic output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the photovoltaic unit by adopting constant power;
the wind power output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the wind turbine generator by adopting virtual inertia control and pitch angle control;
and the energy storage battery output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the energy storage battery by adopting voltage/frequency.
Preferably, the wind power output power control module includes:
the virtual inertia control module is used for controlling a doubly-fed motor of the wind turbine generator to release rotor kinetic energy by adopting virtual inertia to carry out transient active support of the system when the input frequency of the system load is reduced;
and the pitch angle control module is used for controlling the pitch angle of the fan blade to absorb wind power through the pitch angle when the rotating speed of the doubly-fed motor rotor is recovered, so as to perform steady active support of the system.
Preferably, the black start condition means: the wind speed of the area where the wind-solar new energy power station is located is larger than a set threshold value, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is in a set starting threshold value range.
Preferably, the set threshold value of the wind speed is 5m/s, and the starting threshold value range of the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is 0.3-0.7.
Compared with the closest prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a black start control method and a black start control system for a wind-solar new energy power station, wherein the black start control method comprises the following steps: when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black start condition, controlling the energy storage system to continuously set a voltage reference value to output voltage in a certain time, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values; after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, the wind turbine generator, the photovoltaic turbine generator and the energy storage battery are controlled based on the coordination control method of wind-solar storage, so that the stable power supply to the load is realized;
according to the coordination control method for wind and light storage, the constraint construction of the charge state of the energy storage battery is considered, so that the problem of operation failure of the energy storage system caused by overshoot or overdischarge of the energy storage battery in the wind and light storage power supply process is avoided, and the stability of black start power supply is ensured;
the output power of the wind turbine generator system is controlled by adopting pitch angle control and virtual inertia control, so that transient support and steady support can be carried out when the frequency of the system fluctuates, and the stability of the power supply frequency of the system is maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a black start control method of a wind-solar new energy power station;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a black start control system of a wind-solar new energy power station provided by the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind-solar new energy power station according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a voltage frequency control block diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a control of a zero lift voltage of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of a photovoltaic unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of active power control of a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a wind-solar black-storing start coordination control strategy provided in an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Example 1:
the black start control method for the wind-solar new energy power station provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, when a power grid fails and a wind-solar new energy power station has a black start condition, controlling an energy storage system to continuously set a voltage reference value to output voltage in a certain time, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of a power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
and S2, after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, controlling the power supply of the wind turbine generator, the photovoltaic turbine generator and the energy storage battery based on a coordination control method of wind-light storage, so as to realize stable power supply to the load.
The application will be described in detail by taking a system of a structure of a wind-solar new energy power station as an example, which is related to fig. 3, wherein the new energy power station mainly comprises 1 rated capacity 5MVA energy storage system, 3 rated capacity 5MVA double-fed wind turbines and 2 rated capacity 0.5MVA photovoltaic units, and the power supply configuration of the new energy power station is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In the process of jointly supplying power by using a wind-solar new energy power station as a black start power supply of a power grid, the control strategy of each power supply is as follows:
in the self-starting process of the energy storage system, the energy storage system controls the energy storage power output by adopting zero-rise boosting as shown in fig. 5, namely, the zero-rise boosting module is utilized to control the voltage reference value V of the energy storage system in a certain time bref Continuously setting the voltage reference valueThe voltage of the output voltage of the energy storage system is gradually increased from 0 to the rated value 1, the voltage of the output voltage of the energy storage system is gradually increased from 0 to the rated voltage of a bus of 35kV, the amplitude and the speed increase of the output voltage of the energy storage system are controlled, the excitation inrush current phenomenon of a transformer caused by the fact that the amplitude and the speed increase of the output voltage of the energy storage system are too fast is avoided, the self-starting time of the energy storage system is shortened, and after the self-starting is successful, new energy units such as a wind turbine generator, a photovoltaic unit and the like are integrated into the system to generate power.
After the energy storage system is successfully started, in order to keep the frequency and voltage of the 35kV bus of the new energy power station stable, the battery energy storage system adopts a constant-voltage constant-frequency (v/f) control strategy as shown in fig. 4, and the frequency reference value f of the battery energy storage system is calculated bref And a voltage reference value V bref And the energy storage system is controlled to stably output voltage and frequency by setting the energy storage system to 1. Wherein V is 0 A port voltage vector for the battery energy storage system; v (V) od 、V oq Respectively the dq axis components of the port voltage of the battery energy storage system; v (V) bref ,f bref The voltage amplitude and the frequency set value of the battery energy storage system port are respectively set; θ b Is the phase angle of the battery energy storage system port voltage.
In order to avoid the phenomena of overshoot and overdischarge of the energy storage battery in the power supply process, the control of the energy storage system further comprises the steps of setting the charge state working interval [ SOC ] of the energy storage system min ,SOC max ]Wherein SOC is min =0.3,SOC max The energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge based on the charge state of the energy storage system, and the problem that the system cannot stably supply power due to the fact that the energy storage battery is overcharged and overdischarged and cannot normally run is avoided.
Considering that the black start time is short, the external temperature and the light intensity are not easy to change, so the constant power (P-Q) control mode shown in figure 6 is adopted to control the power output of the photovoltaic unit, and a constant active power reference value P is set ref And reactive power reference value Q ref And controlling the inverter of the photovoltaic unit to output constant power.
The doubly-fed wind machine (DFIG) unit model consists of a wind machine, a doubly-fed motor, a PWM converter and a control system, wherein the control system comprises: pitch angle control, torque controlVirtual inertia control. The control method shown in fig. 7 is adopted to control the output power of the wind turbine, the virtual inertia control takes the system frequency variation delta f as input, and when the system frequency is changed, the electromagnetic power is increased by releasing the kinetic energy of the rotor; the pitch angle control can respond to the frequency change, when the frequency drops, the pitch angle beta is reduced, and the wind turbine can capture more mechanical power; determination of active power reference value P by torque control and virtual inertia control together ref Thereby realizing the adjustment of the active power. The maximum wind energy captured by the wind turbine isWherein ρ is the air density; c (C) p The wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient of the wind wheel; lambda is tip speed ratio, lambda=ω r β/v m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Beta is the pitch angle of the blade; r is the radius of the wind turbine; a is the swept area of the wind turbine blade; v m Is the wind speed; omega r The rotor speed; k (k) g To obtain a tracking coefficient for maximizing the output power of the wind turbine. The DFIG unit normally operates in a maximum power tracking (MPPT) mode, and the application selects the combination of pitch angle selection control and virtual inertia control to respond to the change of the output frequency of the system: when the load input frequency is reduced, adding virtual inertia to control and release rotor kinetic energy and maximum power tracking in torque control to jointly determine an active power reference value P ref Carrying out transient active support and improving the lowest frequency point; when the rotor speed is recovered and the power shortage leads to the secondary drop of the frequency, the pitch angle control is introduced into the wind turbine model, the pitch angle of the blades is controlled to increase the capture of wind energy to fill the shortage, the secondary drop of the frequency is avoided to the greatest extent, and the active power balance of the system is maintained.
After determining the control strategy of each wind-solar energy storage power supply, the method shown in fig. 8 is adopted to carry out coordination control on the wind-solar energy storage black start process, and the method is specifically as follows:
1) Before black start, detecting whether the wind speed v is greater than a set threshold value and whether the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is within a set start threshold value range, wherein the set threshold value of the wind speed v is 5m/s, the start threshold value range of the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is 0.3-0.7, and if the black start condition that v is more than 5m/s and the SOC is 0.3-0.7 is met, starting the zero lifting voltage (0-1) of the energy storage system;
2) Detecting bus voltage and frequency, and inputting a wind-light unit and load if u=1.0p.u., f=50 Hz is met;
3) After grid connection of wind and light units, current P is measured pv 、P w 、P load 、SOC;
4) Based on the current measurement value, judging whether the value of |P is satisfied pv +P w -P load |≤P ESsN If the condition is met, executing the step 5), and if the condition is not met, putting into or cutting off the wind-solar unit, and returning to the step 2);
5) Judging whether or not P is satisfied pv +P w ≥P load If the step 6) is satisfied, if the step 7) is not satisfied;
6) Judging whether SOC is smaller than SOC max
If the control of energy storage and charging is satisfied, returning to the step 2) until stable power supply of wind and solar energy storage is realized;
if the wind and solar energy storage is not satisfied, the wind and solar energy unit is controlled to be cut off, and the step 2) is returned until stable power supply of wind and solar energy storage is realized;
7) Judging whether or not SOC > SOC is satisfied min
If the control of the energy storage discharge is satisfied, returning to the step 2) until the stable power supply of the wind-solar energy storage is realized;
if the energy storage residual quantity is not enough, controlling to input the wind-solar unit, and returning to the step 2) until stable power supply of wind-solar storage is realized;
in the process of recovering power generation and energy storage of the wind turbine generator system and the photovoltaic unit, in order to maintain the stability of the voltage and the frequency of the 35kV bus in the station, the problem of power balance between wind and light storages is solved, and the charge and discharge of the energy storage system are responsible for power balance. Power balance expression P of system w +P pv +P ESSN -P load =0. Wherein P is w For the fan to output, P pv For photovoltaic output, P ESSN To store energy and output, P load Is the load in black start, the power consumption of the factory, and the like.
Example 2:
the embodiment of the application discloses a black start control system of a wind-solar new energy power station, which is shown in fig. 2, and comprises the following components:
the self-starting module is used for controlling the energy storage system to continuously set a voltage reference value to output voltage in a certain time when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black starting condition, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
and the coordination power supply module is used for controlling power supply of the wind turbine generator, the photovoltaic turbine generator and the energy storage battery based on a coordination control method of wind-solar storage after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, so that stable power supply to loads is realized.
A coordinated power supply module comprising:
the initial power supply module is used for determining the initial input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit, inputting the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit according to the initial input quantity and accessing the load;
the detection module is used for collecting output power of the photovoltaic unit, output power of the wind turbine unit, electric power for loads and charge state of the energy storage battery;
the first judgment and coordination module is used for judging whether the absolute value of the system power deficiency value is larger than the output rated value of the energy storage battery or not based on the output power of the photovoltaic unit, the output power of the wind turbine unit, the electric power of the load and the charge state data of the energy storage battery:
if the output rated value of the energy storage battery is larger than the output rated value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit is adjusted, and the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit return to the detection module;
if the output rating of the energy storage battery is smaller than or equal to the output rating of the energy storage battery, executing a second coordination module;
the second coordination module is used for adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units and the charge and discharge states of the energy storage batteries based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage batteries;
the circulating module is used for repeatedly executing the steps of the detecting module, the first judging and coordinating module, the second coordinating module and the circulating module until stable power supply to the load is realized;
and the system power deficiency value is equal to the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit minus the load power.
A second coordination module, comprising:
the first judging module is used for judging whether the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit is larger than or equal to the electric power for load or not:
if not, executing the step B2;
if not, executing the step B3;
the second judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is smaller than a set maximum threshold value or not: if the energy storage battery is smaller than the set maximum threshold value, controlling the energy storage battery to charge, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is larger than or equal to the set maximum threshold value, reducing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step of the detection module;
the third judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is larger than a set minimum threshold value: if the current value is larger than the set minimum threshold value, controlling the discharge of the energy storage battery, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is smaller than or equal to the set minimum threshold value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is increased, and the detection module is returned.
The maximum threshold value of the charge state of the energy storage battery is 0.9, and the minimum threshold value of the charge state of the energy storage battery is 0.1.
The coordination power supply module further comprises:
the photovoltaic output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the photovoltaic unit by adopting constant power;
the wind power output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the wind turbine generator by adopting virtual inertia control and pitch angle control;
and the energy storage battery output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the energy storage battery by adopting voltage/frequency.
Wind power output power control module includes:
the virtual inertia control module is used for controlling a doubly-fed motor of the wind turbine generator to release rotor kinetic energy by adopting virtual inertia to carry out transient active support of the system when the input frequency of the system load is reduced;
and the pitch angle control module is used for controlling the pitch angle of the fan blade to absorb wind power through the pitch angle when the rotating speed of the doubly-fed motor rotor is recovered, so as to perform steady active support of the system.
The black start condition refers to: the wind speed of the area where the wind-solar new energy power station is located is larger than a set threshold value, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is in a set starting threshold value range.
The set threshold value of the wind speed is 5m/s, and the set starting threshold value range of the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is 0.3-0.7.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the scope of protection thereof, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications or equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the application after reading the present application, and these changes, modifications or equivalents are within the scope of protection of the claims appended hereto.

Claims (14)

1. A black start control method for a wind-solar new energy power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black start condition, continuously setting a voltage reference value of the energy storage system in a certain time to control the output voltage of the energy storage system, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, the wind turbine generator system, the photovoltaic turbine generator system and the energy storage battery are controlled to supply power based on a coordination control method of wind-light storage, so that stable power supply to loads is realized;
the coordination control method based on wind-solar energy storage controls power supply of a wind turbine, a photovoltaic turbine and an energy storage battery to realize stable power supply of loads, and comprises the following steps:
a1, determining initial input quantity of a photovoltaic unit and a wind turbine, inputting the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine according to the initial input quantity, and accessing loads;
a2, collecting output power of a photovoltaic unit, output power of a wind turbine unit, electric power for a load and charge state of an energy storage battery;
a3, judging whether the absolute value of the system power deficiency value is larger than the output rated value of the energy storage battery or not based on the output power of the photovoltaic unit, the output power of the wind turbine unit, the electric power of the load and the state of charge data of the energy storage battery:
if the output rated value of the energy storage battery is larger than the output rated value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit is adjusted, and the step A2 is returned;
if the output rating of the energy storage battery is smaller than or equal to the output rating, executing the step A4;
a4, adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units and adjusting the charge and discharge states of the energy storage batteries based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage batteries;
a5, repeatedly executing the steps A2-A5 until stable power supply to the load is realized;
and the system power deficiency value is equal to the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit minus the load power.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit and adjusting the charge and discharge states of the energy storage battery based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage battery comprises:
b1, judging whether the sum of output power of the photovoltaic unit and output power of the wind turbine unit is larger than or equal to the electric power for load or not:
if not, executing the step B2;
if not, executing the step B3;
b2, judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is smaller than a set maximum threshold value: if the threshold value is smaller than the set maximum threshold value, controlling the energy storage battery to charge, and returning to the step A2; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is larger than or equal to the set maximum threshold value, reducing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step A2;
b3, judging whether the state of charge of the energy storage battery is larger than a set minimum threshold value: if the current value is larger than the set minimum threshold value, controlling the discharge of the energy storage battery, and returning to the step A2; and if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is smaller than or equal to the set minimum threshold value, increasing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step A2.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the maximum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is set to 0.9 and the minimum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is set to 0.1.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after step A1 and before step A2:
constant power control is adopted for the output power of the photovoltaic unit;
virtual inertia control and pitch angle control are adopted for the output power of the wind turbine generator;
voltage/frequency control is used for the energy storage battery output power.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the employing virtual inertia control and pitch angle control on wind turbine generator output power comprises:
when the system load input frequency is reduced, the doubly-fed motor of the wind turbine generator is controlled by virtual inertia to release the kinetic energy of the rotor, so that the transient active support of the system is carried out;
when the rotating speed of the doubly-fed motor rotor is recovered, the pitch angle of the fan blade is controlled through the pitch angle to absorb wind power, and the system steady-state active support is carried out.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the black start condition is: the wind speed of the area where the wind-solar new energy power station is located is larger than a set threshold value, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is in a set starting threshold value range.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the set threshold value of wind speed is 5m/s and the set start threshold value of state of charge, SOC, of the energy storage battery is in the range of 0.3 ∈soc ∈0.7.
8. A black start control system of a wind-solar new energy power station is characterized by comprising:
the self-starting module is used for continuously setting a voltage reference value of the energy storage system in a certain time to control the output voltage of the energy storage system when the power grid fails and the wind-solar new energy power station has a black starting condition, and recovering the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus until the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values;
the coordination power supply module is used for controlling power supply of the wind turbine generator, the photovoltaic turbine generator and the energy storage battery based on a coordination control method of wind-light storage after the voltage and the frequency of the power supply bus reach rated values, so that stable power supply of loads is realized;
the coordinated power supply module comprises:
the initial power supply module is used for determining the initial input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit, inputting the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit according to the initial input quantity and accessing the load;
the detection module is used for collecting output power of the photovoltaic unit, output power of the wind turbine unit, electric power for loads and charge state of the energy storage battery;
the first judgment and coordination module is used for judging whether the absolute value of the system power deficiency value is larger than the output rated value of the energy storage battery or not based on the output power of the photovoltaic unit, the output power of the wind turbine unit, the electric power of the load and the charge state data of the energy storage battery:
if the output rated value of the energy storage battery is larger than the output rated value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit is adjusted, and the photovoltaic unit and the wind turbine unit return to the detection module;
if the output rating of the energy storage battery is smaller than or equal to the output rating of the energy storage battery, executing a second coordination module;
the second coordination module is used for adjusting the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units and the charge and discharge states of the energy storage batteries based on the state of charge constraint of the energy storage batteries;
the circulating module is used for repeatedly executing the steps of the detecting module, the first judging and coordinating module, the second coordinating module and the circulating module until stable power supply to the load is realized;
and the system power deficiency value is equal to the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit minus the load power.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the second coordination module comprises:
the first judging module is used for judging whether the sum of the output power of the photovoltaic unit and the output power of the wind turbine unit is larger than or equal to the electric power for load or not:
if not, executing the step B2;
if not, executing the step B3;
the second judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is smaller than a set maximum threshold value or not: if the energy storage battery is smaller than the set maximum threshold value, controlling the energy storage battery to charge, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is larger than or equal to the set maximum threshold value, reducing the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units, and returning to the step of the detection module;
the third judging module is used for judging whether the charge state of the energy storage battery is larger than a set minimum threshold value: if the current value is larger than the set minimum threshold value, controlling the discharge of the energy storage battery, and returning to the step of the detection module; if the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is smaller than or equal to the set minimum threshold value, the input quantity of the photovoltaic units and the wind turbine units is increased, and the detection module is returned.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the maximum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is 0.9 and the minimum state of charge threshold of the energy storage battery is 0.1.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the coordinated power supply module further comprises:
the photovoltaic output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the photovoltaic unit by adopting constant power;
the wind power output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the wind turbine generator by adopting virtual inertia control and pitch angle control;
and the energy storage battery output power control module is used for controlling the output power of the energy storage battery by adopting voltage/frequency.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the wind power output power control module comprises:
the virtual inertia control module is used for controlling a doubly-fed motor of the wind turbine generator to release rotor kinetic energy by adopting virtual inertia to carry out transient active support of the system when the input frequency of the system load is reduced;
and the pitch angle control module is used for controlling the pitch angle of the fan blade to absorb wind power through the pitch angle when the rotating speed of the doubly-fed motor rotor is recovered, so as to perform steady active support of the system.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the black start condition is: the wind speed of the area where the wind-solar new energy power station is located is larger than a set threshold value, and the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery is in a set starting threshold value range.
14. The system of claim 13, wherein the set threshold for wind speed is 5m/s and the set start threshold for state of charge, SOC, of the energy storage battery is in the range 0.3 ∈soc ∈0.7.
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