CN116599119B - Wind-storage combined black start control method considering recovery capability of energy storage power station - Google Patents
Wind-storage combined black start control method considering recovery capability of energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
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- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of an energy storage power station, and provides a black start coordination control strategy considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station aiming at a black start power supply combined by a large-scale energy storage power station and a wind power station, wherein a method of recovering part of important loads and then starting a wind turbine is adopted; the state of charge of the energy storage power station in the black start process is estimated based on the load demand and wind power prediction of the auxiliary machine of the started thermal power plant, so that the power and the state of charge constraint of the energy storage power station are considered, and the recovery amount of the important load is determined; the recovery capacity of the large-scale energy storage power station and the power generation capacity of the wind power plant are fully utilized, part of important loads can be recovered as soon as possible on the premise that the aim of starting the thermal power unit is achieved, the power failure loss and influence can be reduced, the impact caused by grid connection of the wind power unit in the recovery process can be reduced, and the stability of grid connection of wind power is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system control, and particularly relates to a wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of an energy storage power station.
Background
Currently, the gradual expansion of the power grid scale and the continuous rise of the voltage level lead to the increase of the complexity of the power system, and the safe operation of the power system faces a plurality of challenges. The risk of causing large-area power failure accidents due to local faults caused by extreme weather and other factors is greatly increased. As a first step in the restoration of the power system, a black start process is critical. In the traditional black start practice, a hydroelectric and gas turbine set is often used as a black start power supply. Considering that hydroelectric and gas units are limited by regional resources and other conditions, the exploration of the feasibility of other black start power supplies in regions with little water becomes a concern. The continuous increase of the installed capacity of the wind power generation and the continuous development of large-scale energy storage provide a new idea for black start. The black start power supply needs to maintain the power balance of the system and stabilize the frequency, the current and the voltage, and the uncertainty of the output of the wind power plant and the state of charge of the energy storage power station when a major power failure occurs, so that the reliability of the wind power plant and the energy storage power station independently serving as the black start power supply is lower.
In the research of black start by combining wind power with an energy storage system, the considered scene is to configure small-capacity energy storage in a wind power plant, so that the wind power plant is often required to operate under load to play a role in regulating the frequency of a stable system. With the planning and construction operation of more and more large-scale energy storage power stations, when the energy storage power stations and the wind power stations are combined for system black start, if the recovery capacity of the large-scale energy storage power stations is fully utilized to timely recover important loads, the load power failure time can be reduced, and the system recovery can be accelerated. The system is smaller in scale at the initial stage of black start, so that the anti-interference capability and stability of the system are poor, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine generator are connected with each other by adopting power electronic equipment, the wind turbine generator is connected with each other in the recovery process, the synchronization stability of wind turbine generator is poor, the problems of resonance, oscillation and the like are easy to generate, and the stability of the system can be improved if load recovery is carried out in time in the recovery process. The recovery capability of the energy storage power station is directly limited by the charge state of the energy storage power station, and a black start action sequence needs to be reasonably arranged so as to ensure the smooth progress of the whole process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of an energy storage power station, which can reduce the impact caused by grid connection of a wind turbine generator in the recovery process and is beneficial to improving the stability of wind power grid connection.
The wind-storage combined black start control method taking the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station into consideration is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, acquiring the charge state and wind power predictive power of an energy storage power station through an SCADA system, and determining the auxiliary load and the starting time sequence of a black-started thermal power unit;
step 2, taking the last value of the starting time sequence as black starting duration, and predicting the power demand P of the energy storage power station at any moment t according to the wind power predicted output and the auxiliary load of the black-started thermal power unit in the black starting duration BESS (t)；
Step 3, judging the power demand P of the t energy storage power station at any time BESS (t) whether the rated power limit is met, if not, indicating that the current system does not have an independent support black start condition and needs other power supplies to act together; if yes, entering a step 3;
step 4, judging whether the initial charge state of the energy storage power station meets the electric quantity requirement of black start, if so, starting a black start program, and entering step 5, otherwise, not starting the black start program;
step 5, in the inverter control of the energy storage power station, an improved V/f control strategy is adopted;
step 6, determining a grid-connected mode according to the predicted output of wind power, and determining the maximum recoverable load by combining the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted output of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary machine load during the black start action, namely determining the maximum power value of the input important load;
step 7, estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the end of black start according to the maximum recoverable load, and determining a recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint according to whether the state of charge of the energy storage power station meets the state of charge constraint or not;
and 8, carrying out load recovery on the energy storage power station according to the recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint, then starting the wind turbine generator, and controlling the wind turbine generator by adopting a maximum power point tracking mode to supply power to the power grid and the load.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the specific process of the step 2 is as follows: estimating the power demand P of the energy storage power station at any moment t according to the formula (1) BESS (t)：
P BESS (t)＝P W (t)-P Aux (t)-P Load (t) (1)
Wherein P is W (t) is the predicted output of the grid-connected wind turbine at the moment t, if the wind turbine at the moment t does not participate in black start, P W (t)＝0；P BESS (t) is the output of the energy storage system at the moment t, P Aux (t) is the active loss in the load and recovery path of auxiliary machinery of the thermal power plant which is put into the system at the moment t, P Load (t) is the recovered important load in the system at the moment t and the active loss in the recovery path, if the load is not put in at the moment t, P Load (t)＝0。
In the step 3, whether the power requirement of the t energy storage power station at any moment meets the rated power limit is judged according to the specific judgment formula:
|P BESS (t)|≤(1-σ％)P BESSmax (2)
wherein P is BESSmax The method comprises the steps that the rated power of an energy storage power station is calculated, sigma% is a margin reserved for coping with wind power fluctuation, and the value is taken according to the actual wind power fluctuation condition;
if the formula (2) is satisfied, the method is satisfied, otherwise, the method is not satisfied.
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows:
let black start time be t 0 The state of charge of the energy storage power station at any moment t in the black start process is estimated by adopting an ampere-hour integration method, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack at time t; e (E) cap Rated capacity of the energy storage battery; SOC (State of Charge) 0 An initial state of charge of the energy storage battery;
at delta t interval, the current time t is compared with the grid-connected time t of the thermal power generating unit BS The state of charge of the energy storage power station in the period of (2) is calculated and evaluated according to formulas (4) - (5), for two adjacent moments t during black start i-1 And t i The state of charge of the energy storage power station has the following recurrence relation:
according to the black start action sequence and the wind power plant predicted force change condition, energy storage power change conditions in different time periods can be obtained; dividing the black start duration into a plurality of time periods according to the difference of energy storage power; setting any time t to black start end for n time periods, wherein the duration of any time period k is delta t k Then
Wherein SOC (t) BS ) Representing t BS Estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the moment;
in order to avoid over-charging and over-discharging, the expected state of charge of the energy storage power station at any time t needs to satisfy:
SOC min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC max (6)
when t=t 0 If the formula (6) can be satisfied, starting the black start program, otherwise, failing to start the black start program.
The improved V/f control strategy in step 5 is specifically:
d-axis reference value u of voltage of alternating current bus at outlet of energy storage power station in traditional V/f control strategy dref Take the value according to formula (7):
in U dref The reference value is the d-axis reference value of the voltage of the alternating current bus in normal operation; u (U) init A starting value of an alternating current bus voltage d-axis reference value; t is t 0 And t end The start and end times of the voltage rise, respectively.
The specific process of the step 6 is as follows: setting a wind power plant output threshold, if the wind power predicted output is not greater than the wind power plant output threshold, enabling wind power units in the wind power plant to be not connected in a grid mode, recovering auxiliary equipment of the thermal power plant by an energy storage power station, and setting P W (t) =0 and calculating the power of the energy storage plant according to equations (1) and (2) to determine the recoverable vital load; if the predicted wind power output is larger than the wind power plant output threshold, adopting a method of recovering the system load and then connecting the wind power units; and (3) substituting the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted power of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary engine load into formulas (1) and (2) when each step of black start action is performed, and determining the maximum recoverable load, namely the maximum power value of the input important load.
The specific process of the step 7 is as follows: for each step of action in black start, calculating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the action moment according to the formula (4), and carrying out the maximum recoverable load P in the step 6 Load (t) substituting the estimated state of charge into the formula (1) to calculate the power of the energy storage power station, estimating the state of charge at the end of the black start according to the formula (5), if the estimated state of charge at the end of the black start is lowAt SOC (System on chip) min Then according to a certain step length delta P L Reducing the load to be recovered, estimating according to the formula (5) again, repeatedly checking according to the formula (6) until the state of charge constraint condition of the formula (6) is met, and determining the recoverable load value P meeting the state of charge constraint Load (t)。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station is beneficial to fully utilizing the recovery capacity of the large-scale energy storage power station and the power generation capacity of the wind power station, can recover part of important loads as soon as possible on the premise of ensuring that the aim of starting the thermal power unit is achieved, is beneficial to reducing power failure loss and influence, can reduce the impact caused by grid connection of the wind power unit in the recovery process, and is beneficial to improving the stability of grid connection of wind power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a wind-storage combined black start control method taking the recovery capacity of an energy storage power station into consideration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a black start topology of a wind-powered cogeneration system;
FIG. 3 is a graph of electrical quantity variation during load recovery of an energy storage plant;
FIG. 4 is a graph of electrical quantity variation at a 35kV bus of a wind farm using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change of the electrical quantity of a 35kV bus of a wind farm without adopting the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention relates to a wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capability of an energy storage power station, which is implemented as shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring the charge state and wind power predictive power of an energy storage power station through an SCADA system, and determining the auxiliary load and the starting time sequence of a black-started thermal power unit;
step 2, taking the last value of the starting time sequence as the black starting duration, and predicting the power and the power to be obtained according to wind power in the black starting durationAuxiliary load of black-start thermal power unit is estimated, and power demand P of energy storage power station at any moment t is estimated BESS (t) the specific process is as follows: estimating the power demand P of the energy storage power station at any moment t according to the formula (1) BESS (t)：
P BESS (t)＝P W (t)-P Aux (t)-P Load (t) (1)
Wherein P is W (t) is the predicted output of the grid-connected wind turbine at the moment t, if the wind turbine at the moment t does not participate in black start, P W (t)＝0；P BESS (t) is the output of the energy storage system at the moment t, P Aux (t) is the active loss in the load and recovery path of auxiliary machinery of the thermal power plant which is put into the system at the moment t, P Load (t) is the recovered important load in the system at the moment t and the active loss in the recovery path, if the load is not put in at the moment t, P Load (t)＝0。
Step 3, judging whether the power requirement of the t energy storage power station at any moment meets the rated power limit or not according to the specific judging formula:
|P BESS (t)|≤(1-σ％)P BESSmax (2)
wherein P is BESSmax The method comprises the steps that the rated power of an energy storage power station is calculated, sigma% is a margin reserved for coping with wind power fluctuation, and the value is taken according to the actual wind power fluctuation condition;
if the formula (2) is satisfied, the step (3) is entered;
if the formula (2) is not satisfied, the condition cannot be satisfied, and if the condition cannot be satisfied, the current system is not provided with an independent support black start condition, and other power supplies are required to act together;
step 4, judging whether the initial state of charge of the energy storage power station meets the electric quantity requirement of black start or not, wherein the specific process is as follows:
let black start time be t 0 The state of charge of the energy storage power station at any moment t in the black start process is estimated by adopting an ampere-hour integration method, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack at time t; e (E) cap Rated capacity of the energy storage battery; SOC (State of Charge) 0 An initial state of charge of the energy storage battery;
at delta t interval, the current time t is compared with the grid-connected time t of the thermal power generating unit BS The state of charge of the energy storage power station in the period of (2) is calculated and evaluated according to formulas (4) - (5), for two adjacent moments t during black start i-1 And t i The state of charge of the energy storage power station has the following recurrence relation:
according to the black start action sequence and the wind power plant predicted force change condition, energy storage power change conditions in different time periods can be obtained; dividing the black start duration into a plurality of time periods according to the difference of energy storage power; setting any time t to black start end for n time periods, wherein the duration of any time period k is delta t k Then
Wherein SOC (t) BS ) Representing t BS Estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the moment;
in order to avoid over-charging and over-discharging, the expected state of charge of the energy storage power station at any time t needs to satisfy:
SOC min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC max (6)
when t=t 0 If the formula (6) can be satisfied, starting the black start program, otherwise, failing to start the black start program.
Step 5, in order to avoid the adverse effect of excitation surge current on the energy storage power station and the wind farm, the following improved V/f control strategy is adopted in the inverter control of the energy storage power station; the method comprises the following steps:
discharging an energy storage power station in a traditional V/f control strategyD-axis reference value u of voltage of AC bus dref Take the value according to formula (7):
in U dref The reference value is the d-axis reference value of the voltage of the alternating current bus in normal operation; u (U) init A starting value of an alternating current bus voltage d-axis reference value; t is t 0 And t end The start and end times of the voltage rise, respectively.
Step 6, determining a grid-connected mode according to the predicted output of wind power, and determining the maximum recoverable load by combining the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted output of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary machine load during the black start action, namely determining the maximum power value of the input important load; the specific process is as follows: setting a wind power plant output threshold, if the wind power predicted output is not greater than the wind power plant output threshold, enabling wind power units in the wind power plant to be not connected in a grid mode, recovering auxiliary equipment of the thermal power plant by an energy storage power station, and setting P W (t) =0 and calculating the power of the energy storage plant according to equations (1) and (2) to determine the recoverable vital load; if the predicted wind power output is larger than the wind power plant output threshold, adopting a method of recovering the system load and then connecting the wind power units; and (3) substituting the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted power of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary engine load into formulas (1) and (2) when each step of black start action is performed, and determining the maximum recoverable load, namely the maximum power value of the input important load.
Step 7, estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the end of black start according to the maximum recoverable load, and determining a recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint according to whether the state of charge of the energy storage power station meets the state of charge constraint or not; the specific process is as follows: for each step of action in black start, calculating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the action moment according to the formula (4), and carrying out the maximum recoverable load P in the step 6 Load (t) substituting the estimated state of charge into the formula (1) to calculate the power of the energy storage power station, estimating the state of charge at the end of the black start according to the formula (5), and if the estimated state of charge at the end of the black start is lower than the SOC min Then according to a certain step length delta P L Reduction ofAfter load recovery, estimating again according to the formula (5) and repeatedly checking according to the formula (6) until the state of charge constraint condition of the formula (6) is met, and determining a recoverable load value P meeting the state of charge constraint Load (t)。ΔP L The size of (2) can be determined by the operator according to the condition of the important load of the actual system.
And 8, carrying out load recovery on the energy storage power station according to the recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint, then starting the wind turbine generator, and controlling the wind turbine generator by adopting a maximum power point tracking mode to supply power to the power grid and the load.
Examples:
in order to verify the effectiveness of the wind-storage-based black start coordination control method, a black start simulation model of the wind-storage combined power generation system shown in fig. 2 is built on a PSCAD/EMTDC platform, and a transient process in the black start action process is simulated. The energy storage power station is composed of 30 groups of 1MW/2 MW.h battery packs, and the wind power station is composed of 18 1.5MW wind turbines. The wind reservoir system simulation parameter settings are shown in table 1. Table 2 shows the parameters of the energy storage power station and the wind farm transformer.
TABLE 1 energy storage and doubly fed wind power generation System parameters
TABLE 2 Main Transformer simulation parameters
Let 110kV lines all be 20km model LGJ-240 overhead line. The upper and lower limits of the stored state of charge are 0.8 and 0.2, respectively. The duration of the black start process is set to be 1 hour, and the auxiliary engine load of the thermal power plant to be started is set to be 14MW.
(1) Independent recovery system of energy storage power station
And (3) adopting a soft start method, closing the inverter output voltage of the energy storage unit to gradually rise from 0 to reach a rated value when t=0s, and enabling the inverter output voltage to reach 380V when t=1s. After the energy storage power station is in soft start, the energy storage power station operates with 0.6MW, when t=1.5s, t=2s and t=2.5s, 4.5MW of auxiliary engine loads of the thermal power plant are respectively recovered, and the phase A current, the line voltage effective value, the active power and the frequency waveforms measured at a 10kV bus outlet of the energy storage power station are respectively shown in (a) - (d) in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the energy storage power station adopting V/f control can realize rapid adjustment and maintain the stability of the frequency and voltage of the system, and the soft start method effectively avoids the influence of excitation inrush current and the like on the system; the load recovery moment can impact voltage, current, power, frequency and the like to a certain extent, but is within the range allowed by the safe operation of the system, and the normal operation state can be quickly recovered. The effectiveness of the control and starting strategy of the energy storage power station provided by the invention is proved. In addition, the electric quantity of the energy storage power station needs to meet the requirement of operating for about 60 minutes with auxiliary machine load, and the initial charge state needs to be higher than 0.45. If the initial state of charge is more than 0.45, the important load can be recovered continuously.
(2) Black-start strategy verification for energy storage power station and wind farm combination
The predicted wind speed within the black start duration is set to be about 9m/s and 7m/s larger than the minimum start wind speed, so that the participation start condition of the wind power plant is met. After t=1s energy storage power station completes soft start, simulating a wind farm start transient process under two conditions: and Case 1, restoring load and starting the wind power plant by adopting the method. The energy storage state of charge is set to be 0.36, the input important load is determined to be 12MW according to the system power balance constraint and the state of charge, the transient impact caused by load input is considered, the system loads L1 and L2 are respectively input to be 6MW at the time of t=1.5 s and 1.7s, and then the wind power plant is started at the time of t=2 s; case 2.t =2s directly starts the wind farm.
Simulation waveforms of A-phase voltage, current amplitude, power supply output and system frequency at a 35kV bus of a wind farm when the proposed method is adopted are shown in (a) - (d) of FIG. 4; in fig. 5, (a) and (b) are the a-phase current amplitude and the power active output of the wind farm in the direct grid connection mode, respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the method of the present invention, after the wind turbine is started, the wind farm outlet bus voltage can be maintained near the rated value and kept stable; the current and the power continuously oscillate for about 1s after the fan is connected, then enter a stable growth state, and reach a stable value after about 4 s; the frequency deviation of the system after grid connection of the wind farm is within 0.08 Hz. In comparison with Case 2 in fig. 5, continuous oscillation occurs in current and power, so that the proposed black start method can improve the recovery capability of the system and the stability of the recovered system by coordinating the load recovery and the wind farm start sequence. Meanwhile, after grid connection of the wind farm, stable output power reaches 17MW, and the wind farm is used for charging energy storage while supplying load, so that the condition that the state of charge of the energy storage is too low is avoided.
By the mode, the wind storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station is beneficial to fully utilizing the recovery capacity of a large-scale energy storage power station and the power generation capacity of a wind power station, can recover part of important loads as soon as possible on the premise of ensuring that the aim of starting a thermal power unit is achieved, is beneficial to reducing power failure loss and influence, can reduce the impact caused by grid connection of the wind power unit in the recovery process, and is beneficial to improving the stability of grid connection of wind power.
Claims (5)
1. The wind-storage combined black start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, acquiring the charge state and wind power predictive power of an energy storage power station through an SCADA system, and determining the auxiliary load and the starting time sequence of a black-started thermal power unit;
step 2, taking the last value of the starting time sequence as black starting duration, and predicting the power demand P of the energy storage power station at any moment t according to the wind power predicted output and the auxiliary load of the black-started thermal power unit in the black starting duration BESS (t)；
Step 3, judging the power demand P of the t energy storage power station at any time BESS (t) whether the rated power limit is met,if the black start condition cannot be met, the current system is not provided with the independent support black start condition, and other power supplies are required to act together; if yes, entering a step 3;
step 4, judging whether the initial charge state of the energy storage power station meets the electric quantity requirement of black start, if so, starting a black start program, and entering step 5, otherwise, not starting the black start program; the specific process is as follows:
let black start time be t 0 The state of charge of the energy storage power station at any moment t in the black start process is estimated by adopting an ampere-hour integration method, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: SOC (t) is the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack at time t; e (E) cap Rated capacity of the energy storage battery; SOC (State of Charge) 0 P is the initial state of charge of the energy storage battery BESS (t) represents the power demand of the energy storage power station at any moment t;
at delta t interval, the current time t is compared with the grid-connected time t of the thermal power generating unit BS The state of charge of the energy storage power station in the period of (2) is calculated and evaluated according to formulas (4) - (5), for two adjacent moments t during black start i-1 And t i The state of charge of the energy storage power station has the following recurrence relation:
according to the black start action sequence and the wind power plant predicted force change condition, energy storage power change conditions in different time periods can be obtained; dividing the black start duration into a plurality of time periods according to the difference of energy storage power; setting any time t to black start end for n time periods, wherein the duration of any time period k is delta t k Then
Wherein SOC (t) BS ) Representing t BS Estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the moment;
in order to avoid over-charging and over-discharging, the expected state of charge of the energy storage power station at any time t needs to satisfy:
SOC min ≤SOC(t)≤SOC max (6)
when t=t 0 When the black start program can be started if the formula (6) can be met, otherwise, the black start program can not be started;
step 5, in the inverter control of the energy storage power station, an improved V/f control strategy is adopted; the improved V/f control strategy is specifically as follows:
d-axis reference value u of voltage of alternating current bus at outlet of energy storage power station in traditional V/f control strategy dref Take the value according to formula (7):
in U dref The reference value is the d-axis reference value of the voltage of the alternating current bus in normal operation; u (U) init A starting value of an alternating current bus voltage d-axis reference value; t is t 0 And t end The starting and ending moments of the voltage rise are respectively;
step 6, determining a grid-connected mode according to the predicted output of wind power, and determining the maximum recoverable load by combining the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted output of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary machine load during the black start action, namely determining the maximum power value of the input important load;
step 7, estimating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the end of black start according to the maximum recoverable load, and determining a recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint according to whether the state of charge of the energy storage power station meets the state of charge constraint or not;
and 8, carrying out load recovery on the energy storage power station according to the recoverable load value meeting the state of charge constraint, then starting the wind turbine generator, and controlling the wind turbine generator by adopting a maximum power point tracking mode to supply power to the power grid and the load.
2. The wind-storage combined black-start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 2 is as follows: estimating the power demand P of the energy storage power station at any moment t according to the formula (1) BESS (t)：
P BESS (t)＝P W (t)-P Aux (t)-P Load (t) (1)
Wherein P is W (t) is the predicted output of the grid-connected wind turbine at the moment t, if the wind turbine at the moment t does not participate in black start, P W (t)＝0；P Aux (t) is the active loss in the load and recovery path of auxiliary machinery of the thermal power plant which is put into the system at the moment t, P Load (t) is the recovered important load in the system at the moment t and the active loss in the recovery path, if the load is not put in at the moment t, P Load (t)＝0。
3. The wind-storage combined black-start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station according to claim 2, wherein the specific judging formula for judging whether the power requirement of the energy storage power station at any moment t meets the rated power limit in step 3 is as follows:
|P BESS (t)|≤(1-σ％)P BESSmax (2)
wherein P is BESSmax The method comprises the steps that the rated power of an energy storage power station is calculated, sigma% is a margin reserved for coping with wind power fluctuation, and the value is taken according to the actual wind power fluctuation condition;
if the formula (2) is satisfied, the method is satisfied, otherwise, the method is not satisfied.
4. The wind-storage combined black-start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station according to claim 3, wherein the specific process of the step 6 is as follows: setting a wind power plant output threshold, if the wind power predicted output is not greater than the wind power plant output threshold, enabling wind power units in the wind power plant to be not connected in a grid mode, recovering auxiliary equipment of the thermal power plant by an energy storage power station, and setting P W (t) =0 and calculated according to formulas (1) and (2)Determining recoverable important loads by the power of the energy storage power station; if the predicted wind power output is larger than the wind power plant output threshold, adopting a method of recovering the system load and then connecting the wind power units; and (3) substituting the power constraint of the energy storage power station, the predicted power of the wind power station and the maximum auxiliary engine load into formulas (1) and (2) when each step of black start action is performed, and determining the maximum recoverable load, namely the maximum power value of the input important load.
5. The wind-storage combined black-start control method considering the recovery capacity of the energy storage power station as claimed in claim 4, wherein the specific process of the step 7 is as follows: for each step of action in black start, calculating the state of charge of the energy storage power station at the action moment according to the formula (4), and carrying out the maximum recoverable load P in the step 6 Load (t) substituting the estimated state of charge into the formula (1) to calculate the power of the energy storage power station, estimating the state of charge at the end of the black start according to the formula (5), and if the estimated state of charge at the end of the black start is lower than the SOC min Then according to a certain step length delta P L Reducing the load to be recovered, estimating according to the formula (5) again, repeatedly checking according to the formula (6) until the state of charge constraint condition of the formula (6) is met, and determining the recoverable load value P meeting the state of charge constraint Load (t)。
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