CN113612256B - Black start optimization method for hydrogen production by renewable energy direct-current micro-grid - Google Patents
Black start optimization method for hydrogen production by renewable energy direct-current micro-grid Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 241001672018 Cercomela melanura Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention relates to a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production black start optimization method, which comprises the following steps: (1) Before executing the system black start command, judging whether the energy storage can meet the condition as the system black start power supply at the moment, if so, executing the step (2), otherwise, executing the step (8); (2) The energy storage system is used as a black start power supply to execute a system black start mode; (3) The wind turbine generator and auxiliary equipment of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell recover power supply; (4) Judging the optimal equipment input sequence at the next moment based on an optimization control algorithm; (5) starting the equipment sequentially according to the optimal starting sequence; (6) When the temperature of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank reaches the hot standby working condition, hydrogen production is started; (7) system black start is completed; (8) the photovoltaic power generation unit is used as a black start power supply; (9) charging the low SOC energy storage system by the photovoltaic power generation unit; (10) If the light storage unit meets the conditions, recovering the power supply of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic cell auxiliary equipment; and (4) executing the step (4).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a black start optimization method for hydrogen production by a renewable energy direct current micro-grid.
Background
In recent years, hydrogen energy is used as a clean, efficient and sustainable secondary energy source, and the national emphasis is supported and cultivated and the development is greatly promoted. Meanwhile, along with the promotion of national renewable energy development planning, the permeability of the distributed renewable energy is continuously improved. However, due to fluctuation of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the output power of the wind power generation device is extremely unbalanced, the power grid has very limited capacity of absorbing renewable energy sources, serious wind and light rejection phenomena are caused, the absorption of renewable energy sources can be effectively realized by taking hydrogen production equipment as a load, wind and light rejection are effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the hydrogen production cost is reduced. Therefore, the renewable energy hydrogen production can realize urgent demands of urban environment and energy transformation, and further promote the development of the hydrogen energy industry.
A typical renewable energy source direct current micro-grid hydrogen production structure is shown in fig. 1. Compared with a large power grid, the renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production system is weak in stability. Because of the wind-light fluctuation characteristic, the energy storage system in the micro-grid plays roles of continuously supplying power to important load and maintaining the stability of the system. Unreasonable load distribution and extreme weather conditions will cause the energy storage system to shut down due to battery emptying. In addition, due to the limitations of capacity and support margin of an energy storage system, when an external power grid fails, the situations of power grid protection action and total station power failure are often generated. The patent CN 104318317A and the patent CN 103986186A are based on renewable energy micro-grid systems, and propose corresponding black start schemes and optimization methods, but the hydrogen production load dynamic characteristics cannot be considered. Patent CN 111668862A proposes a black start sequential control method of an energy storage system, but fails to combine new energy output prediction data to optimize a black start scheme, and enhance adaptability of the scheme to different situations.
Disclosure of Invention
The renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production system has outstanding stability problems due to the limitation of renewable energy output fluctuation and system energy storage capacity. The system is particularly sensitive to stability problems caused by large grid faults and extreme weather problems. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a black start sequential control optimizing method of a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production system, which can safely, reliably and quickly restore normal operation of the system under the fault of the micro-grid system, provide an innovative solution and optimizing scheme for important load power supply, improve the safety and reliability of the micro-grid system, simultaneously improve the hydrogen production efficiency, and further promote the sustainable development of renewable energy and hydrogen energy industry in China.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production black start optimization method comprises the following steps:
(1) By reading before executing the system black-start commandCurrent t0 moment energy storage unit SOC t0 Judging whether the energy storage can meet the condition of being used as a black start power supply of the system at the moment, and executing the step (2) if the energy storage can meet the condition; otherwise, executing the step (8);
(2) The energy storage system is used as a black start power supply, a system black start mode is executed, and the energy storage unit works in a constant voltage mode at the moment and is used for maintaining the voltage of the direct current bus;
(3) The wind turbine generator and auxiliary equipment of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell recover power supply;
(4) Judging the optimal equipment input sequence at the next moment based on an optimization control algorithm according to wind-solar prediction data and an optimization objective function;
(5) Solving the optimal starting sequence of the equipment by solving the optimal objective function in the step (4), and sequentially starting the equipment to be integrated into the micro-grid system according to the solved optimal starting sequence;
(6) Judging whether the temperature of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank reaches a hot standby working condition, waiting until the system meets a hot starting condition if the temperature does not meet the hot standby working condition, starting to receive a system scheduling instruction to produce hydrogen by the hydrogen production electrolytic tank, wherein the electrolytic tank works in a constant current control mode, the wind-solar power generation unit works in a power limiting mode, and an upper layer coordination control system regulates the output of each unit in the micro-grid according to a power conservation principle;
(7) Completing the black start of the system;
(8) The photovoltaic power generation unit is used as a black start power supply and works in a constant voltage mode to maintain the voltage of the direct current bus;
(9) The next moment the energy storage system is put into operation, the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the low-SOC energy storage system;
(10) Judging whether the light storage unit can meet the preset power supply condition at the next time t, and if so, recovering the power supply of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic cell auxiliary equipment in the system; executing the optimization control algorithm in the step (4); adding constraint conditions: otherwise, returning to the step (8), and continuously charging the energy storage system by the photovoltaic power generation unit.
Further, the conditions are:
P dis (t 0 )≥P sup
wherein P is dis (t 0 ) The maximum discharge power of the energy storage unit at the time t0 is expressed as follows:
SOC low lower limit value SOC of energy storage unit SOC t0 For the energy storage unit at a time point SOC of t0, deltat is a preset time interval; η (eta) dis Is the discharge efficiency; e (E) bat Is the rated capacity of energy storage;maximum discharge power allowed for the energy storage system; p (P) sup The total power required by power supply of auxiliary equipment for ensuring normal operation of equipment in the system is specifically expressed as follows:
P sup ＝P sup_wind +P h2_sup
P sup_wind and P h2_sup And the power required by power supply of auxiliary equipment for ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank is respectively provided.
Further, the step (4) specifically includes:
the optimization objective function takes important load, namely the fastest recovery power supply of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell, as an optimization objective, and the specific function expression is as follows:
wherein T is the total time period number of the operation of the optimized objective function, gamma is a binary variable, and represents all start-stop state sets of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank in the time period T, 1 represents that the unit is in a working state at the moment, and 0 represents that the unit is in a stop state at the moment;
in addition, binary variables alpha and beta are set to respectively correspond to all start-stop state sets of the wind turbine generator system and the photovoltaic power generation unit in a T time period, the meanings represented by 1 and 0 are the same as gamma, and all equipment is in a stop state at the initial moment, namely:
α(0)＝β(0)＝γ(0)＝0
at each calculation instant t, α, β and γ need to satisfy the following constraints:
meanwhile, in order to ensure that the wind-solar power generation unit and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank start the access system one by one, the overlarge fluctuation of bus voltage caused by the simultaneous incorporation of a plurality of devices is prevented, and the following constraint conditions are met by alpha, beta and gamma:
α(t)-α(t-1)+β(t)-β(t-1)+γ(t)-γ(t-1)≤1
in addition, the system needs to meet the power balance constraint condition when running, namely:
α(t)(P PV (t)-P sup_pV )+β(t)P wind (t)-P sup_wind +P bat (t)-γ(t)P h2_hot -P h2_sup ＝0
wherein P is PV (t)、P wind (t) respectively predicting the power of the photovoltaic and wind power at the moment t; p (P) sup_PV The power required by the work of the DC/DC converter corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation unit is directly obtained from the photovoltaic PV component; p (P) h2_hot Power required by the electrolytic cell to reach the hot standby condition, P bat And (t) is the charge and discharge power of the energy storage system at the moment t, and the specific expression is as follows:
wherein,and->The binary variables representing the charge and discharge states of the energy storage respectively meet the following constraint conditions:
P ch (t) and P dis And (t) respectively storing energy, charging and discharging power at the moment t, and meeting the following constraint conditions:
wherein,maximum limit value of charging power for energy storage, +.>Is the maximum limit value of the energy storage discharge power.
Further, in the step (6), the upper layer coordination control system adjusts the output of each unit in the micro-grid according to the principle of conservation of power, so as to meet the following conditions:
P PV_ref (t)-P sup_PV +P wind_ref (t)-P sup_wind +P bat (t)-P h2_ref (t)-P h2_sup ＝0 (6)
wherein P is PV_ref (t)、P wind_ref (t)、P h2_ref And (t) respectively controlling scheduling instructions of the photovoltaic, the fan and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank issued by the coordination system at the moment t.
Further, in the step (10), the predetermined power supply condition means:
P dis (t)+P PV (t)-P sup_PV ≥P sup the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The constraint is α (0) =1.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a black start optimization method suitable for a renewable energy source direct current micro-grid hydrogen production system, which ensures that the micro-grid system can safely, reliably and quickly recover important loads of the system, namely hydrogen production electrolytic tank power supply under the condition of faults, and improves the system operation stability, reliability and hydrogen production efficiency. The invention provides an optimal equipment investment scheme for recovering hydrogen production load power supply in the fastest time by taking the hydrogen production load power supply recovered fastest as an optimization objective function based on future wind-solar power generation prediction data, and the optimal equipment investment scheme is decided and judged by taking the hydrogen production load dynamic characteristics into consideration and simultaneously aiming at preventing potential safety hazards caused by long-time power loss of the hydrogen production load. The safety and the reliability of the black start scheme are improved. Meanwhile, various initial conditions and future weather conditions are considered, a specific black start device input operation scheme is provided, and the black start flexibility and feasibility of the micro-grid system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of renewable energy source direct current micro-grid hydrogen production;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production black start optimization method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without the inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production black start optimization method is provided, as shown in fig. 2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Before executing a system black start command, reading the current time t0 of the energy storage unit SOC t0 And judging whether the stored energy can meet the condition of being used as a black start power supply of the system at the moment. Namely:
P dis (t 0 )≥P sup
wherein P is dis (t 0 ) The maximum discharge power of the energy storage unit at the time t0 is expressed as follows:
SOC low is the lower limit value of the energy storage unit SOC; η (eta) dis Is the discharge efficiency; e (E) bat Is the rated capacity of energy storage;maximum discharge power allowed for the energy storage system; p (P) sup The total power required by power supply of auxiliary equipment for ensuring normal operation of equipment in the system is specifically expressed as follows:
P sup ＝P sup_wind +P h2_sup
P sup_wind and P h2_sup And the power required by power supply of auxiliary equipment for ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank is respectively provided.
If the condition is met, executing the step (2); otherwise, executing the step (8).
(2) And the energy storage system is used as a black start power supply to execute a system black start mode. At this time, the energy storage unit works in a constant voltage mode for maintaining the voltage of the direct current bus.
(3) And the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank auxiliary equipment recover power supply.
(4) And judging the optimal equipment input sequence at the next moment according to the wind-solar prediction data and the optimization objective function.
The optimization objective function takes important load, namely the fastest recovery power supply of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell, as an optimization objective, and the specific function expression is as follows:
wherein T is the total time period number of the operation of the optimized objective function, gamma is a binary variable, and represents all start-stop state sets of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank in the T time period. 1 indicates that the unit is now in operation and 0 indicates that the unit is now in a shutdown state.
In addition, binary variables alpha and beta are set to respectively correspond to all start-stop state sets of the wind turbine generator system and the photovoltaic power generation unit in a T time period, and the meanings represented by 1 and 0 are the same as gamma. All the devices are in a shutdown state at the initial moment, namely:
α(0)＝β(0)＝γ(0)＝0
at each calculation instant t, α, β and γ need to satisfy the following constraints:
meanwhile, in order to ensure that the wind-solar power generation unit and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank start the access system one by one, the overlarge fluctuation of bus voltage caused by the simultaneous incorporation of a plurality of devices is prevented, and the following constraint conditions are met by alpha, beta and gamma:
α(t)-α(t-1)+β(t)-β(t-1)+γ(t)-γ(t-1)≤1
in addition, the system needs to meet the power balance constraint condition when running, namely:
α(t)(P PV (t)-P sup_PV )+β(t)P wind (t)-P sup_wind +P bat (t)-γ(t)P h2_hot -P h2_sup ＝0
wherein P is PV (t)、P wind (t) respectively predicting the power of the photovoltaic and wind power at the moment t; p (P) sup_PV The power required by the work of the DC/DC converter corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation unit can be directly taken from the photovoltaic PV component; p (P) h2_hot Power required by the electrolytic cell to reach the hot standby condition, P bat And (t) is the charge and discharge power of the energy storage system at the moment t, and the specific expression is as follows:
wherein,and->The binary variables representing the charge and discharge states of the energy storage respectively meet the following constraint conditions:
P ch (t) and P dis And (t) respectively storing energy, charging and discharging power at the moment t, and meeting the following constraint conditions:
wherein,maximum limit value of charging power for energy storage, +.>Is the maximum limit value of the energy storage discharge power.
(5) And (3) solving the optimized objective function in the step (4) to obtain the optimal equipment starting sequence. And sequentially starting the equipment to be integrated into the micro-grid system according to the optimal starting sequence.
(6) And judging whether the temperature of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank reaches the hot standby working condition, if the temperature does not meet the requirement, waiting until the system meets the hot starting condition, starting the hydrogen production electrolytic tank to receive a system scheduling instruction to produce hydrogen, wherein the electrolytic tank works in a constant current control mode, and the wind-solar power generation unit works in a power limiting mode. The upper layer coordination control system adjusts the output of each unit in the micro-grid according to the principle of conservation of power. The following conditions are satisfied:
at this time:
P PV_ref (t)-P sup_PV +P wind_ref (t)-P sup_wind +P bat (t)-P h2_ref (t)-P h2_sup ＝0 (6)
wherein P is PV_ref (t)、P wind_ref (t)、P h2_ref And (t) respectively controlling scheduling instructions of the photovoltaic, the fan and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank issued by the coordination system at the moment t.
(7) And (5) completing the black start of the system.
(8) The photovoltaic power generation unit is used as a black start power supply and works in a constant voltage mode to maintain the voltage of the direct current bus.
(9) The next moment the energy storage system is put into operation, the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the low-SOC energy storage system.
(10) Judging whether the light storage unit can meet the following power supply conditions at the next time t:
P dis (t)+P PV (t)-P sup_pV ≥P sup
and if the conditions are met, recovering the power supply of the wind turbine generator and hydrogen production electrolytic tank auxiliary equipment in the system. And (3) executing the optimization control algorithm in the step (4). Adding constraint conditions:
α(0)＝1
otherwise, returning to the step (8), and continuously charging the energy storage system by the photovoltaic power generation unit.
In summary, the invention relates to a black start scheme optimization method suitable for a renewable energy direct current micro-grid hydrogen production system. Under the fault condition, the micro-grid system is ensured to safely, reliably and quickly recover important load of the system, namely, power supply of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank, and the system operation stability, reliability and hydrogen production efficiency are improved. The method is characterized in that the dynamic characteristics of the hydrogen production load are considered, meanwhile, in order to prevent potential safety hazards caused by long-time power failure of the hydrogen production load, an optimal equipment investment scheme for recovering the power supply of the hydrogen production load in the fastest time is decided and judged by taking the power supply of the fastest recovery hydrogen production load as an optimal objective function of an optimal target based on future wind-solar power generation prediction data. The safety and the reliability of the black start scheme are improved. Meanwhile, various initial conditions and future weather conditions are considered, a specific black start device input operation scheme is provided, and the black start flexibility and feasibility of the micro-grid system are improved.
While the foregoing has been described in relation to illustrative embodiments thereof, so as to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as limited to the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as long as various changes are apparent to those skilled in the art, all within the scope of which the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The black start optimization method for hydrogen production by renewable energy direct current micro-grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Before executing a system black start command, reading the current time t0 of the energy storage unit SOC t0 Judging whether the energy storage can meet the condition of being used as a black start power supply of the system at the moment, and executing the step (2) if the energy storage can meet the condition; otherwise, executing the step (8);
the conditions are as follows:
，
wherein the method comprises the steps ofAt t 0 The maximum discharge power of the time energy storage unit is expressed as follows:
，
SOC low lower limit value SOC of energy storage unit SOC t0 For the energy storage unit SOC at time t0,for a predetermined time interval; />Is the discharge efficiency; />Is the rated capacity of energy storage; />Maximum discharge power allowed for the energy storage system; />The total power required by power supply of auxiliary equipment for ensuring normal operation of equipment in the system is specifically expressed as follows:
，
and->The power required by power supply is respectively provided for auxiliary equipment for ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank;
(2) The energy storage system is used as a black start power supply, a system black start mode is executed, and the energy storage unit works in a constant voltage mode at the moment and is used for maintaining the voltage of the direct current bus;
(3) The wind turbine generator and auxiliary equipment of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell recover power supply;
(4) Judging the optimal equipment input sequence at the next moment based on an optimization control algorithm according to wind-solar prediction data and an optimization objective function; the step (4) specifically comprises:
the optimization objective function takes important load, namely the fastest recovery power supply of the hydrogen production electrolytic cell, as an optimization objective, and the specific function expression is as follows:
，
wherein T is the total time period number of the operation of the optimized objective function,the method is characterized in that the method is a binary variable, which represents a set of all start-stop states of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank in a T time period, 1 represents that the unit is in a working state at the moment, and 0 represents that the unit is in a stop state at the moment;
in addition, binary variables are setRespectively corresponding to all start-stop state sets of the wind turbine generator system and the photovoltaic power generation unit in the T time period, wherein the meanings represented by 1 and 0 and +.>All the devices are in a shutdown state at the initial moment, namely:
，
at each of the calculation times t,and->The following constraints need to be satisfied:
，
meanwhile, in order to ensure that the wind-solar power generation unit and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank start the access system one by one, prevent overlarge fluctuation of bus voltage caused by the simultaneous integration of a plurality of devices into the system,and->The following constraints are also satisfied:
，
in addition, the system needs to meet the power balance constraint condition when running, namely:
，
wherein the method comprises the steps of、/>Respectively predicting the power of photovoltaic and wind power at the moment t; />The power required by the work of the DC/DC converter corresponding to the photovoltaic power generation unit is directly obtained from the photovoltaic PV component; />The power required for the electrolyzer to reach the hot standby condition, < >>The specific expression of the charge and discharge power of the energy storage system at the time t is as follows:
,
wherein,and->The binary variables representing the charge and discharge states of the energy storage respectively meet the following constraint conditions:
，
and->Respectively storing energy, charging and discharging power at the moment t, and meeting the following constraint conditions:
，
wherein,maximum limit value of charging power for energy storage, +.>The maximum limit value of the energy storage discharge power is set;
(5) Solving the optimal starting sequence of the equipment by solving the optimal objective function in the step (4), and sequentially starting the equipment to be integrated into the micro-grid system according to the solved optimal starting sequence;
(6) Judging whether the temperature of the hydrogen production electrolytic tank reaches a hot standby working condition, waiting until the system meets a hot starting condition if the temperature does not meet the hot standby working condition, starting to receive a system scheduling instruction to produce hydrogen by the hydrogen production electrolytic tank, wherein the electrolytic tank works in a constant current control mode, the wind-solar power generation unit works in a power limiting mode, and an upper layer coordination control system regulates the output of each unit in the micro-grid according to a power conservation principle;
(7) Completing the black start of the system;
(8) The photovoltaic power generation unit is used as a black start power supply and works in a constant voltage mode to maintain the voltage of the direct current bus;
(9) The next moment the energy storage system is put into operation, the photovoltaic power generation unit charges the low-SOC energy storage system;
(10) Judging whether the light storage unit can meet the preset power supply condition at the next time t, and if so, recovering the power supply of the wind turbine generator and the hydrogen production electrolytic cell auxiliary equipment in the system; executing the optimization control algorithm in the step (4); adding constraint conditions: otherwise, returning to the step (8), and continuously charging the energy storage system by the photovoltaic power generation unit.
2. The method for optimizing hydrogen production black start of renewable energy direct current micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), an upper layer coordination control system adjusts the output of each unit in the micro-grid according to the principle of conservation of power, and the following conditions are satisfied:
（6）
wherein the method comprises the steps of、/>、/>And respectively controlling scheduling instructions of the photovoltaic, the fan and the hydrogen production electrolytic tank which are issued by the coordination system at the time t.
3. The method for optimizing hydrogen production black start by renewable energy direct current micro-grid according to claim 1, wherein the step (10) is characterized in that the predetermined power supply condition is:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The constraint is->。
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