CN111807897A - Poultry manure composting method and organic fertilizer product thereof - Google Patents

Poultry manure composting method and organic fertilizer product thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111807897A
CN111807897A CN202010726155.9A CN202010726155A CN111807897A CN 111807897 A CN111807897 A CN 111807897A CN 202010726155 A CN202010726155 A CN 202010726155A CN 111807897 A CN111807897 A CN 111807897A
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filler
stage
mass
fermentation
poultry manure
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张国基
张邦喜
张希兰
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Foshan Jinjingchuang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Foshan Jinjingchuang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Publication of CN111807897A publication Critical patent/CN111807897A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/14—Tablets, spikes, rods, blocks or balls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for composting poultry excrement, which comprises the following steps: s1 obtaining filler a, primary filler: the method comprises the following steps of curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry, and cutting the double-layer paper into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is (2-4): 1; b. secondary filling: calcining part of the first-stage filler at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 30-60min to obtain a second-stage filler; s2 mixing raw materials: mixing 250-500 parts by mass of poultry manure, 5-10 parts by mass of primary filler, 5-10 parts by mass of secondary filler and 6-8 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring; s3 fermentation: and putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and obtaining a fermentation material when the pH value is measured to be 7-7.8. The invention has the advantages of high fermentation degree of poultry manure, quick decomposition, no odor of the fertilizer, improvement of the utilization rate of waste resources, reduction of the production cost, improvement of the physicochemical property of soil, adjustment of the proportion of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil, and complete replacement of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.

Description

Poultry manure composting method and organic fertilizer product thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, in particular to a method for composting poultry excrement and an organic fertilizer product thereof.
Background
With the construction of new rural areas, poultry farming is gradually industrialized, the number of large-scale farms is increased year by year, but the treatment of poultry manure generated in large quantities is difficult, the harmless treatment is difficult, the pollution to the surrounding environment is serious, a large amount of resources are wasted, and the effective utilization of the poultry manure is difficult. However, the poultry manure is a traditional farmyard manure raw material, has high organic matter content and rich nutrition, but the traditional direct manure composting takes a long time, has low effective yield, and causes new environmental pollution, so the processing enthusiasm of farmers is not high.
The traditional composting mode is aerobic composting, the waste is absorbed, oxidized and decomposed by aerobic bacteria under the conditions of good ventilation and sufficient oxygen to generate fertilizer, and the aerobic composting temperature is higher, so that pathogenic bacteria can be killed to the maximum extent. Aerobic microorganisms oxidize a part of absorbed organic matters into simple inorganic matters through self life activities, release energy required by the growth activities of the microorganisms, and synthesize the other part of the organic matters into new cytoplasm, so that the microorganisms continuously grow and reproduce to generate more organisms. Aerobic composting is generally divided into three stages, namely a medium-temperature stage, which is also called a heat production stage, and means that a composting layer is basically at medium temperature of 15-45 ℃ at the initial stage of a composting process, mesophilic microorganisms are active and vigorous life activities are carried out by utilizing soluble organic matters in the composting, the mesophilic microorganisms comprise fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes and mainly take saccharides and starch as substrates; after the medium-temperature composting stage, entering a second stage, namely a high-temperature stage, and entering the high-temperature stage when the temperature of the compost rises to more than 45 ℃, wherein mesophilic microorganisms are inhibited and even die, thermophilic microorganisms are replaced, residual and newly formed soluble organic substances in the compost are continuously oxidized and decomposed, and complex organic substances in the compost, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and protein, are also strongly decomposed; then entering a third stage of composting: in the cooling stage, only part of organic matters which are difficult to decompose and newly formed humus are left in the later stage of fermentation, at the moment, the activity of microorganisms is reduced, the calorific value is reduced, the temperature is reduced, mesophilic microorganisms are dominant, the residual organic matters which are difficult to decompose are further decomposed, the humus is continuously increased and stabilized, the compost enters the decomposition stage, the oxygen demand is greatly reduced, the water content is reduced, the porosity of the compost is increased, and the oxygen diffusion capacity is enhanced. The traditional compost generally needs more than one month to be completely decomposed.
However, poultry manure is generally in a thick paste shape, and the poultry manure is piled up and extruded during composting to further reduce internal pores, so that the internal oxygen amount is insufficient, and anaerobic fermentation is changed into anaerobic fermentation, so that the effective yield is reduced, and the time is long. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a further solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for composting poultry excrement so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for composting poultry manure, comprising the steps of:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the method comprises the following steps of curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry, and cutting the double-layer paper into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is (2-4): 1;
b. secondary filling: calcining part of the first-stage filler at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 30-60min to obtain a second-stage filler;
s2 mixing raw materials: mixing 250-500 parts by mass of poultry manure, 5-10 parts by mass of primary filler, 5-10 parts by mass of secondary filler and 6-8 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring;
s3 fermentation: putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and stirring at regular timeCooling, controlling ventilation amount at 0.1-0.2m3/(m3Min), the time is 10-15 days, and fermentation materials are obtained when the pH value is measured to be 7-7.8;
s4 granulation: and (3) putting the fermented material into a forming machine to be made into granules or blocks.
Preferably, the secondary filler is pulverized so that its particle size is not greater than 1.5cm before the raw materials are mixed in step S2.
Preferably, in step S2, 0.5 to 2 parts by mass of a starch-based high-molecular water-absorbent resin is further mixed.
Preferably, in step S1, the number ratio of the large fillers to the small fillers is 1: (1-2).
Preferably, at least one sheet of paper is pressed into a corrugated shape by a press roller, and the height of the corrugations is 0.2 to 0.5cm in step S1.
Preferably, in step S1, the double layer of paper entraining mud curls at least 3-5 times.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises one or more of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis or purple non-sulfur bacteria, and further preferably the concentration of viable bacteria is not less than 25 hundred million/ml.
Preferably, the water content of the slurry is 70-80%, preferably 75-78%.
Preferably, the paper is made of hemp plant fiber.
Preferably, in step S1, the double-layered paper sheet is hollow-rolled after being entrained with the slurry, and the hollow diameter of the double-layered paper sheet is 1-1.5 cm.
The invention also provides an organic fertilizer prepared by the poultry manure composting method, which is prepared by mixing and fermenting poultry manure and a microbial agent, wherein the fermentation raw material also comprises a primary filler and a secondary filler, the primary filler is formed by carrying double-layer paper with slurry, curling and multi-layer cutting along the axial direction, the secondary filler is formed by calcining the primary filler, the primary filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is (2-4): 1.
preferably, the secondary filler has a particle size of not more than 1.5 cm.
Preferably, at least one layer of the double-layer paper is corrugated paper, and the height of the corrugated paper is 0.2-0.5 cm.
Preferably, the fermentation raw material also comprises 0.5-2 parts by mass of starch macromolecular water-absorbing resin.
Preferably, the quantity ratio of the large filler to the small filler mixed into the fermentation raw material is 1: (1-2).
Preferably, the double layer of paper carries the paper slurry and curls at least 3-5 times.
Preferably, the double-layer paper is rolled up in a hollow mode after slurry is entrained, and the hollow diameter of the double-layer paper is 1-1.5 cm.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises one or more of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis or purple non-sulfur bacteria, and further preferably the concentration of viable bacteria is not less than 25 hundred million/ml.
Preferably, the water content of the slurry is 70-80%, preferably 75-78%.
Preferably, the paper is made of hemp plant fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the first-stage filler and the second-stage filler are mixed in the fermentation raw materials, so that a soft support structure and a hard support structure are realized, a better pore structure support is provided in the whole fermentation process, two-stage pore adjustment is further formed in thick slurry poultry manure through the fillers with different volumes, the whole framework support of the pile body is provided through the large filler, the internal macroscopic porosity is increased through the small filler, the air circulation degree is improved, the available oxygen amount is improved, the organic matter degradation is promoted, the fermentation time is shortened, and the effective yield is improved; and the filler, especially the secondary filler, is slowly decomposed, can form support and generate a certain pore structure in the fertilizer, improve the air permeability and the permeability of the fertilizer and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
(2) According to the invention, on one hand, the double-layer paper curling shape is stabilized by the slurry to form the whole curling structure of the filler, and on the other hand, the slurry in the primary filler has a certain water-containing effect, so that the moisture content in the fermentation process is adjusted, and the degradation of organic matters is promoted; starch type high-molecular water-absorbent resin is further added, so that the environment is not polluted, the fertilizer also has a certain water-retaining effect, and the soil air permeability is improved; the secondary filler is formed by calcining the primary filler, and the slurry of the secondary filler forms a coiled structure and a surface layer microporous structure after being calcined, so that part of fertilizer can be embedded, greenhouse gases in fermentation can be adsorbed, the fertilizer release efficiency is slowed, and the emission of harmful gases is reduced.
(3) The invention has the advantages of high fermentation degree of poultry manure, quick decomposition, no odor of the fertilizer, improvement of the utilization rate of waste resources, reduction of the production cost, improvement of the physicochemical property of soil, adjustment of the proportion of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil, and complete replacement of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control. The term "prepared from …" as used herein is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Approximating language, as used herein throughout the specification and claims, is intended to modify a quantity, such that the invention is not limited to the specific quantity, but includes portions that are literally received for modification without substantial change in the basic function to which the invention is related. Accordingly, the use of "about" to modify a numerical value means that the invention is not limited to the precise value. In some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. In the present description and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, including all sub-ranges contained therein if not otherwise stated.
In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.
Example 1:
a method of composting poultry manure comprising the steps of:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the method comprises the following steps of curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry, and cutting the double-layer paper into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is 2: 1;
b. secondary filling: and calcining part of the first-stage filler at 500 ℃ for 60min to obtain a second-stage filler.
The first-level filler and the second-level filler realize soft and hard supporting structures, better pore structure support is provided in the whole fermentation process, the second-level filler is formed by calcining the first-level filler, a coiled structure and a surface layer microporous structure are formed after slurry of the second-level filler is calcined, partial fertilizer can be embedded, the fertilizer release effect is slowed down, different nutrition supplements are obtained for crops in different growth periods, the fertilizing times and the leaching loss of the fertilizer are reduced, greenhouse gases in fermentation can be adsorbed, harmful gas emission is reduced, the investment of environmental protection treatment is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
And through the slow decomposition of the filler, particularly the secondary filler, the support and a certain pore structure can be formed in the organic fertilizer prepared by the method, so that the air permeability and the permeability of the fertilizer are improved, the physical and chemical properties of soil are improved, and the crop production is promoted.
The volume difference between the large filler and the small filler can be caused by different cutting lengths or different numbers of layers of the curling rings, and the fillers are preferably arranged into a cubic structure with similar length and diameter so as to enhance the structural strength. Can all contain two kinds of big, little volume fillers in one-level filler and the second grade filler, filler through different volumes, form two-stage pore adjustment in thick liquid form poultry excrement and urine, the whole framework that provides the heap body through big material supports, increase its inside macroscopic porosity through little material, and still increase microscopic porosity through the top layer microporous structure of second grade filler, thereby the three improves the circulation of air degree jointly, improve usable oxygen volume, promote organic matter degradation, shorten fermentation time, improve effective output.
The slurry can be obtained from daily cleaning of a farm or dredging of a river channel, contains a large amount of nutrient substances, and improves the fertilizer efficiency. The slurry is preferably controlled to have a water content of 70% to 80%, especially 75% to 78%, to give it a plastic form. The slurry has a certain water-containing effect, the water content in the fermentation process is adjusted, the flowing water is reduced, the ventilation property is improved, the degradation of organic matters and the fermentation process are promoted, the environment is not polluted, the fertilizer also has a certain water-retaining effect, and the air permeability of the soil is improved.
S2 mixing raw materials: 250 parts by mass of poultry manure, 5 parts by mass of primary filler, 5 parts by mass of secondary filler and 6 parts by mass of microbial agent are mixed and stirred uniformly.
Wherein, the secondary filler is preferably firstly crushed to ensure that the grain diameter is not more than 1.5cm, and then is mixed with other raw materials. The secondary filler is crushed into a proper particle size, so that the occupied space of fermentation and the required porosity are balanced, and the production efficiency is improved.
The raw materials can also be mixed with 0.5-2 parts by mass of starch macromolecular water-absorbing resin to improve the water-containing effect, and the fertilizer has no pollution to the environment, also has a certain water-retaining effect and improves the air permeability of soil.
The raw materials can also be mixed with biochar, so that harmful substances such as greenhouse gases and the like generated by fermentation are further enhanced and fixed by the biochar, and the emission of harmful gases in the fermentation process is reduced.
S3 fermentation: fermenting the mixture in a fermentation tank, stirring at regular time, cooling, and controlling ventilation amount at 0.1-0.2m3/(m3Min), for 10-15 days, and obtaining the fermentation material when the pH value is measured to be 7-7.8. In the first stage, the temperature is raised, and the ventilation rate can be slightly lower, at 0.1m3/(m3Min), in the second stage, the ventilation rate can reach 0.2m due to large oxygen demand and proper temperature control3/(m3Min), in the third phase, the compost is cooled, with a ventilation of 0.1 to 0.15m3/(m3Min) or so. The obtained organic fertilizer is neutral and slightly alkaline, and is suitable for wide soil types.
S4 granulation: and (3) putting the fermented material into a forming machine to be made into granules or blocks.
Wherein, the paper is preferably made of hemp plant fiber, the fiber is longer, the paper surface is rough, the bonding with slurry is better, the fermentation and the decomposition are not easy, and the cost is low. The paper not only improves the porosity of the fermentation raw materials in the fermentation process, improves the air circulation degree, improves the available oxygen amount, promotes the degradation and fermentation process of organic matters, prevents the excessive decomposition of the internal part of the raw materials due to overheating, generates harmful germs, and also greatly exists in fertilizer products due to the difficult decomposition of fibers, on one hand, the porosity of the fertilizer is also improved, the contact of beneficial substances with soil and root systems is promoted, on the other hand, the air permeability of the soil is improved, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved.
In order to further improve the porosity, double-layer paper is adopted, corrugated paper is preferably adopted, the height of the corrugated paper is about 0.2-0.5cm, the paper surface of the corrugated paper presents wavy stripes, the height of the corrugated paper refers to the height of the waves, the porosity of the corrugated paper is improved, the corrugated paper is mutually supported by mud and another paper after being curled, better supporting strength is provided, and the corrugated paper is not easy to deform under extrusion.
Wherein, the thickness of the paper can be preferably 0.1-0.5cm, and furthermore, the overall diameter of the two layers of paper after being curled by carrying mud is 3-5cm, or 3-5 circles of layers are curled, so as to enhance the structural strength and provide a supporting structure. Preferably, the ratio of the amount of large filler to small filler is 1: (1-2), the whole framework support of the stack body is provided by large fillers, and the internal porosity of the stack body is increased by small fillers.
In order to increase the contact between the paper roll and the fermentation raw material, the paper is preferably hollow and rolled after being filled with slurry, the hollow diameter of the paper is 1-1.5cm, poultry excrement can partially enter the hollow part, the paper roll is fully immersed in the fermentation raw material to provide structural support, partial solid base fertilizer in the fertilizer is positioned in the filler, the fertilizer effect can be slowly released, crops can be supplemented with different nutrients in different growth periods, and the fertilizing times and the leaching loss of the fertilizer are reduced.
The microbial agent comprises one or more of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis or purple non-sulfur bacteria, and further preferably the concentration of viable bacteria is not less than 25 hundred million/ml. The Saccharomyces is an important fungus belonging to Ascomycotina, Endomycetales, and Saccharomyces, and can decompose organic substances to produce water and carbon dioxide, and the yeast contains abundant proteins and vitamins. Lactic acid bacteria are bacteria which can utilize fermentable carbohydrates to produce a large amount of lactic acid, and can inhibit the propagation of putrefying bacteria and digest toxins produced by the putrefying bacteria. The bacillus subtilis is a bacterium of bacillus, is a gram-positive aerobe, is generally present in soil and plant body surface, and has obvious inhibition effect on pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria of endogenous infection due to active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated in the growth process of the bacterium. The bacillus subtilis can be colonized at the rhizosphere or in vivo of crops, so that the soil fertility is improved, the utilization rate of a chemical fertilizer is improved, the absorption of nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals and pesticides by the crops is inhibited, the soil is purified and repaired, and the occurrence of crop diseases is reduced. The purple non-sulfur bacteria are phototrophic bacteria which contain bacteriochlorins and carotenoids, can perform photosynthesis, are various in photosynthetic intima, take sulfides or sulfates as electron donors and deposit sulfur, can degrade organic matters under the conditions of light anaerobism and dark aerobism, convert free nitrogen into synthetic nitrogen and organic nitrogen through nitrogen fixation, convert hydrogen sulfide and sulfur elements into sulfates through photoautotrophic growth, reduce the peculiar smell of the fertilizer, are rich in nutrients such as proteins and vitamins in somatic cells, convert nitrate nitrite into free nitrogen through anaerobic respiration, further perform denitrification, and enhance the fertilizer efficiency. The microbial agent can be directly purchased and matched with mature microbial agents in the market according to specific poultry excrement types.
Example 2:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the double-layer paper is curled by slurry carried in the double-layer paper and then cut into sections along the axial direction to obtain a primary filler, the primary filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is enlarged to 3: 1;
b. secondary filling: and calcining part of the first-stage filler at 550 ℃ for 40min to obtain a second-stage filler.
S2 mixing raw materials: mixing 300 parts by mass of poultry manure, 6.5 parts by mass of primary filler, 7 parts by mass of secondary filler and 7 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring.
The other steps are the same.
Example 3:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the method comprises the following steps of curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry, and cutting the double-layer paper into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is 2: 1;
b. secondary filling: and calcining part of the first-stage filler at 650 ℃ for 40min to obtain a second-stage filler.
S2 mixing raw materials: mixing 400 parts by mass of poultry manure, 8 parts by mass of primary filler, 8 parts by mass of secondary filler and 7 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring.
The other steps are the same.
Example 4:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the double-layer paper is curled by slurry carried in the double-layer paper and then cut into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is further expanded to 4: 1;
b. secondary filling: and calcining part of the first-stage filler at 800 ℃ for 30min to obtain a second-stage filler.
S2 mixing raw materials: mixing 500 parts by mass of poultry manure, 10 parts by mass of primary filler, 10 parts by mass of secondary filler and 8 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring.
The other steps are the same.
In the examples 1-4, the time required by composting is similar, the composting requirement is met, the prepared organic fertilizer has good air permeability and high permeability, and the physical and chemical properties of soil can be improved.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, low cost and obvious effect, and can effectively shorten the composting period and accelerate the degradation of organic substances. The first-stage filler and the second-stage filler are mixed in the fermentation raw materials, so that a soft support structure and a hard support structure are realized, better pore structure support is provided in the whole fermentation process, two-stage pore adjustment is formed in thick slurry poultry manure through the fillers with different volumes, the whole framework support of a pile body is provided through large materials, the internal macroscopic porosity is increased through small materials, the air circulation is improved, the available oxygen amount is improved, the organic matter degradation is promoted, the fermentation time is shortened, the effective yield is improved, the fillers, particularly the second-stage fillers are slowly decomposed, the supports can be formed in the fertilizer, a certain pore structure is generated, the air permeability and the permeation and release performance of the fertilizer are improved, the physical and chemical properties of soil are improved, and the fertilizer has good social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefit.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (10)

1. A method for composting poultry manure, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 obtaining filler:
a. first-stage filling: the method comprises the following steps of curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry, and cutting the double-layer paper into sections along the axial direction to obtain a first-stage filler, wherein the first-stage filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is (2-4): 1;
b. secondary filling: calcining part of the first-stage filler at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 30-60min to obtain a second-stage filler;
s2 mixing raw materials: mixing 250-500 parts by mass of poultry manure, 5-10 parts by mass of primary filler, 5-10 parts by mass of secondary filler and 6-8 parts by mass of microbial agent, and uniformly stirring;
s3 fermentation: fermenting the mixture in a fermentation tank, stirring at regular time, cooling, and controlling ventilation amount at 0.1-0.2m3/(m3Min), the time is 10-15 days, and fermentation materials are obtained when the pH value is measured to be 7-7.8;
s4 granulation: and (3) putting the fermented material into a forming machine to be made into granules or blocks.
2. The method of composting poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary filler is crushed to a particle size of not more than 1.5cm before mixing the raw materials in step S2.
3. The method for composting poultry excrement as claimed in claim 1, wherein 0.5 to 2 parts by mass of a starch-based water-absorbent polymer is further mixed in step S2.
4. A method for composting poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step S1 the ratio of the amount of the large filler to the small filler is 1: (1-2).
5. The method for composting poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one layer of paper is pressed into a corrugated shape by a press roll and the height of the corrugations is 0.2-0.5cm in step S1.
6. The method for composting poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double layer of paper entrained slurry curls at least 3-5 turns in step S1.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises one or more of microzyme, lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, or purple non-sulfur bacteria.
8. The organic fertilizer prepared by the poultry manure composting method according to any one of claims 1-7, which is prepared by mixing and fermenting poultry manure and a microbial agent, and is characterized in that the fermentation raw material further comprises a primary filler and a secondary filler, wherein the primary filler is formed by curling a plurality of layers of double-layer paper with slurry and then cutting the double-layer paper along the axial direction, the secondary filler is formed by calcining the primary filler, the primary filler at least comprises a large filler and a small filler, and the volume ratio of the large filler to the small filler is (2-4): 1.
9. the organic fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that said secondary filler has a particle size not greater than 1.5 cm.
10. The organic fertilizer according to claim 8 wherein at least one of said double layers of paper is corrugated paper, said corrugated paper having a height of 0.2-0.5 cm.
CN202010726155.9A 2020-07-25 2020-07-25 Poultry manure composting method and organic fertilizer product thereof Withdrawn CN111807897A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107298630A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-27 上海禾绿生物有机肥有限公司 A kind of manufacture craft of the special compound fertilizer of biological organic

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107298630A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-27 上海禾绿生物有机肥有限公司 A kind of manufacture craft of the special compound fertilizer of biological organic

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Application publication date: 20201023