CN111802528A - Additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens - Google Patents
Additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens Download PDFInfo
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- CN111802528A CN111802528A CN202010709519.2A CN202010709519A CN111802528A CN 111802528 A CN111802528 A CN 111802528A CN 202010709519 A CN202010709519 A CN 202010709519A CN 111802528 A CN111802528 A CN 111802528A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention provides an additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which comprises the following components: 45-55% of crayfish shells, 29.50-54.55% of medlar, 0-20% of yam skins, 0.09-0.11% of honey bee peptide, 0.27-0.33% of limulus essence, 0.09-0.11% of glucosamine, and a preparation method of an additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing crayfish shells, namely drying the raw materials of the crayfish shells, crushing the dried raw materials, adding ethyl acetate, and uniformly stirring; s2, collecting the fallen fruits of the Chinese wolfberry, cleaning, drying, adding talcum powder, and crushing to prepare Chinese wolfberry powder; s3, washing the Chinese yam, peeling, and crushing by a crusher to prepare Chinese yam peel powder; s4, putting the prepared crayfish shell powder, the prepared medlar powder and the prepared Chinese yam peel powder into a stirrer according to the proportion, adding honey bee peptide, limulus amebocida and glucosamine according to the proportion, and stirring uniformly, so that the absorption rate of the laying hens on calcium and phosphorus absorption can be effectively improved, the laying rate of the laying hens is improved, and the color of eggshells and the color of yolk can also be increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laying hen feed additives, and particularly relates to an additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens.
Background
The laying hens are special laying hens for laying eggs, different from meat-type chickens, the main subjects of people for raising the laying hens are to improve the quality of eggs and maintain or improve the egg yield, the eggs are the main income sources for raising the laying hens, the laying hens are very important for absorbing calcium and phosphorus in the raising process, the laying hens need a large amount of calcium to form eggshells, thin-shell eggs or soft eggs can be produced due to calcium deficiency in daily ration, 1 chicken eats 50-70 g of feed every day, the utilization rate of the calcium in the feed is only 60%, and the calcium in the feed is not enough. Therefore, a proper amount of additives are required to be added into the laying hen compound feed to supplement deficiency, and phosphorus plays an important role in the formation of bones, eggshells and somatic cells of chickens and the utilization of carbohydrates, fat and calcium. In particular, hens need more phosphorus because the egg yolk contains more phosphorus. The required amount of phosphorus in the chicken ration is 0.6 percent, wherein the effective phosphorus is 0.5 percent. Meanwhile, the proportion of calcium and phosphorus should be paid attention to in the additive, and no matter how much calcium and phosphorus are little or how much phosphorus and little calcium are little, the additive can have adverse effects on the health and growth of the chicken, the egg laying and the quality of the eggshell.
In the existing additive of the laying hen feed, calcium and phosphorus absorption rates of the laying hen are low, so that the calcium and phosphorus absorption rates of the laying hen are poor, and further the health of the laying hen and the quality of eggs laid by the laying hen are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an additive prepared from crawfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens comprises the following components (by mass percent): 45-55% of crayfish shell, 29.50-54.55% of medlar, 0-20% of yam bark, 0.09-0.11% of honey bee peptide, 0.27-0.33% of limulus essence and 0.09-0.11% of glucosamine. .
A method for preparing an additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens by utilizing crayfish shells comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing crayfish shells, namely washing crayfish shell raw materials with tap water, removing silt impurities, drying, crushing the crayfish shells into solid powder with a crusher, and extracting astaxanthin from the crayfish shell powder through a flash extraction technology;
s2, preprocessing the medlar, collecting the ripe fallen medlar, cleaning, drying, adding talcum powder, and crushing to prepare medlar powder;
s3, preparing Chinese yam skins, namely cleaning Chinese yams, peeling, collecting the Chinese yam skins, drying the Chinese yam skins in an oven at 60 ℃, and crushing the Chinese yam skins into Chinese yam skin powder by using a crusher;
s4, putting the crayfish shell powder prepared in the S1, the medlar powder prepared in the S2 and the yam peel powder prepared in the S3 into a stirrer according to the proportion, adding the melittin, the limulus essence and the glucosamine according to the proportion, and stirring uniformly to complete the preparation of the additive of the laying hen feed.
Preferably, in S1, the flash extraction technique is to add ethyl acetate into crayfish shell powder and mix them uniformly, wherein the weight ratio of the added ethyl acetate to the crayfish shell is 1:20, then put the mixture into a flash extractor to extract astaxanthin, wherein the rotation speed of the flash extractor is 4000r/min, and the extraction time is 2 min.
Preferably, in S2, the weight ratio of the fallen wolfberry fruit to the talc powder is 1: 1.
Preferably, in S3, the thickness of the yam skins is controlled to be 1-2 mm, and the crushed yam skin powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, and undersize products are taken.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the additive for improving the calcium and phosphorus absorption of the laying hens, which is prepared from the shells of the crayfish, is high in dissolution rate of ethyl acetate, rich in pigment in the dropped fruits of the talcum powder and the medlar, and large amount of plant antibacterial peptide in the skins of the Chinese yam, is mixed in proportion, and the honey bee peptide, the limulus essence and the glucosamine are compounded to feed the laying hens, so that the calcium and phosphorus absorption rate of the laying hens can be effectively improved, the laying rate of the laying hens can be effectively improved, and the color of eggshells and the color of yolk can be increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens comprises the following components (by mass percent): 45% of crayfish shell, 54.55% of medlar powder, 0.09% of honey bee peptide, 0.27% of limulus agent and 0.09% of glucosamine.
In the embodiment, the preparation method of the additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of the laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells, comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing crayfish shells, washing crayfish shell raw materials with tap water, removing silt impurities, drying at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 4 hours, crushing the crayfish shells into solid powder by a crusher after drying, extracting astaxanthin from the crayfish shell powder by a flash extraction technology, wherein the flash extraction technology is to add ethyl acetate into the crayfish shell powder and mix the ethyl acetate uniformly, the weight ratio of the added ethyl acetate to the crayfish shells is 1:20, and then putting the mixture into a flash extractor to extract astaxanthin, wherein the rotating speed of the flash extractor is 4000r/min, and the extraction time is 2 min;
s2, preprocessing the medlar, collecting the ripe fallen medlar, cleaning, drying, adding talcum powder, and crushing to prepare medlar powder, wherein the weight ratio of the fallen medlar to the talcum powder is 1: 1;
s3, preparing Chinese yam skins, namely cleaning and peeling Chinese yams, collecting the Chinese yam skins, controlling the thickness of the Chinese yam skins to be 1-2 mm, drying the Chinese yam skins in a 60 ℃ drying oven, crushing the Chinese yam skins into Chinese yam skin powder by using a crusher, sieving the crushed Chinese yam skin powder by using a 80-mesh sieve, and taking undersize materials;
s4, putting the crayfish shell powder prepared in the S1, the medlar powder prepared in the S2 and the yam peel powder prepared in the S3 into a stirrer according to the proportion, adding the melittin, the limulus essence and the glucosamine according to the proportion, and stirring uniformly to complete the preparation of the additive of the laying hen feed.
Example 2, unlike example 1, the additive for increasing the calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells in this example, comprises the following components (expressed by mass percent): 50% of crayfish shell, 29.5% of medlar, 20% of yam bark, 0.1% of honey bee peptide, 0.3% of limulus agent and 0.1% of glucosamine.
Example 3, unlike example 1, the additive for increasing the calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells in this example, comprises the following components (expressed by mass percent): 55% of crayfish shells, 35% of medlar, 9.45% of yam skins, 0.11% of honey bee peptide, 0.33% of limulus essence and 0.11% of glucosamine.
In the experimental example, 720-feather, 60-week-old, heilan laying hens in the later period of laying are selected and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, namely a control group, a test 1, a test 2 and a test 3, wherein each treatment group comprises 6 repetitions, and each repetition comprises 30 feathers. The control group is fed with basic diet, and the basic diet is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58.39% of corn, 28.26% of soybean meal, 8.69% of stone powder, 2.44% of soybean oil, 1.71% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.35% of salt, 0.08% of methionine, 0.05% of choline, 0.01% of zinc sulfate monohydrate and 0.01% of manganese sulfate monohydrate.
The experimental group is characterized in that an additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens is added into basic daily ration, and the experimental group is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58.39% of corn, 27.26% of soybean meal, 8.69% of stone powder, 2.44% of soybean oil, 1.71% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1% of additive in the embodiment, 0.35% of salt, 0.08% of methionine, 0.05% of choline, 0.01% of zinc sulfate monohydrate and 0.01% of manganese sulfate monohydrate. The components of the additive are added according to the components in the examples 1-3, the test is divided into two stages, 1-14 d is a pre-test, the test group adds additives with different formulas into basic feed, 15-42 d is a test stage, and the half unit value, the eggshell strength, the egg white height and the egg yolk index of laying hens are measured every 7 days old.
The specific data are as follows: the influence table of the additive feed on the laying rate of the laying hens is increased;
the laying rate data of each test group in different test stages shows that the additive can improve the laying rate of the Hailan brown laying hens in the later period of laying, and various active ingredients in the additive can promote the laying hens in the later period of laying to absorb calcium and phosphorus, delay the aging speed of ovaries, increase the number of follicles and accelerate the development of the follicles, so that the laying rate of the Hailan brown laying hens in the later period of laying is increased and is always maintained at a higher level.
The influence table of the additive feed on the egg quality of the laying hens is increased:
the egg laying data of the laying hens of the experiment 2 in the experimental example are obtained from the data to be optimal, and for the optimal embodiment, the additive can obviously improve the eggshell strength, the egg white height and the egg yolk index of the laying hens at the later period of egg laying, the Haugh unit is also improved, the astaxanthin and the medlar powder with high contents in the additive accelerate the calcium and phosphorus conversion and absorption level of the intestinal tracts of the laying hens and increase the calcium and phosphorus level in serum, so that on one hand, the calcification degree of the eggshells is promoted, and the eggshell strength is improved; on the other hand, the higher calcium and phosphorus level of the organism changes the height of the egg white and the Hardgrove unit, particularly, the change of the phosphorus level greatly increases the yolk index, and the egg quality is improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. An additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens is characterized by comprising the following components (by mass percent): 45-55% of crayfish shell, 29.50-54.55% of medlar, 0-20% of yam bark, 0.09-0.11% of honey bee peptide, 0.27-0.33% of limulus essence and 0.09-0.11% of glucosamine.
2. A method for preparing an additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing crayfish shells, namely washing crayfish shell raw materials with tap water, removing silt impurities, drying, crushing the crayfish shells into solid powder with a crusher, and extracting astaxanthin from the crayfish shell powder through a flash extraction technology;
s2, preprocessing the medlar, collecting the ripe fallen medlar, cleaning, drying, adding talcum powder, and crushing to prepare medlar powder;
s3, preparing Chinese yam skins, namely cleaning Chinese yams, peeling, collecting the Chinese yam skins, drying the Chinese yam skins in an oven at 60 ℃, and crushing the Chinese yam skins into Chinese yam skin powder by using a crusher;
s4, putting the crayfish shell powder prepared in the S1, the medlar powder prepared in the S2 and the yam peel powder prepared in the S3 into a stirrer according to the proportion, adding the melittin, the limulus essence and the glucosamine according to the proportion, and stirring uniformly to complete the preparation of the additive of the laying hen feed.
3. The method for preparing the additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells according to claim 2, is characterized in that in S1, the flash extraction technology is to add ethyl acetate into crayfish shell powder and mix the ethyl acetate uniformly, wherein the weight ratio of the added ethyl acetate to the crayfish shells is 1:20, then the mixture is put into a flash extractor to extract astaxanthin, wherein the rotation speed of the flash extractor is 4000r/min, and the extraction time is 2 min.
4. The method for preparing the additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells, according to claim 2, wherein in S2, the weight ratio of the fallen fruits of Chinese wolfberry to the talcum powder is 1: 1.
5. The method for preparing the additive for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens, which is prepared from crayfish shells, according to claim 2, wherein in S3, the thickness of the yam skins is controlled to be 1-2 mm, the crushed yam skin powder is sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, and undersize products are taken out.
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CN202010709519.2A CN111802528A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Additive prepared from crayfish shells and used for improving calcium and phosphorus absorption of laying hens |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113519717A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-22 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Compound feed additive and feed for laying hens in growing period |
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CN109907163A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 福建省微生物研究所 | Feed addictive of layer chicken and method containing calcium citrate malate are prepared using shrimp and crab shells decalcification |
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CN113519717A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-22 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Compound feed additive and feed for laying hens in growing period |
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