CN111793971A - 一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111793971A
CN111793971A CN202010534786.0A CN202010534786A CN111793971A CN 111793971 A CN111793971 A CN 111793971A CN 202010534786 A CN202010534786 A CN 202010534786A CN 111793971 A CN111793971 A CN 111793971A
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weight
carpet
ultraviolet
nylon
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庄跃进
苏添福
王宝荣
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Nuoao Fujian Environment Protection Household Product Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法，由于是通过处理液对基布的尼龙丝纱进行处理再制备成地毯，处理液中含有纳米紫外线吸收剂、改性阻燃剂、纳米碳酸钙、海藻酸钠及稀土荧光化合物等，可以大幅度提高处理液的表现能力，可以使处理后的尼龙丝纱具有优异的性能，确保制得的地毯具有优异的抗紫外线能力以及阻燃性，其中，阻燃性测试中20s的烧毁长度最高仅仅82mm，紫外光透过率≤5.0％；并且，借助纳米碳酸钙的耐候性，紫外线吸收剂不容易迁移，大大的延长抗紫外线功能的时效性；由此，能够大幅度提高地毯的耐老化性能，增强地毯的室外使用寿命，克服现有地毯长时间在日光环境下的机械等性能降低的缺陷。

Description

一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地毯技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法。
背景技术
地毯，是以棉、麻、毛、丝、草纱线等天然纤维或化学合成纤维类原料，经手工或机械工艺进行编结、栽绒或纺织而成的地面铺敷物。它是世界范围内具有悠久历史传统的工艺美术品类之一，覆盖于住宅、宾馆、酒店、娱乐场所、体育馆、车辆、船舶、飞机等的地面。
部分地毯（如遮阳棚、人造草坪、游泳池周围铺路用的地毯、室外用罩布、车内装饰用布、农业灌溉用布、滑冰用的垫地织物等室外用地毯）在使用中，其使用空间需长时间受阳光照射，而阳光中的紫外线会破坏纤维强度，长时间下来，地毯的各种性能都会大幅度下降，甚至分解。
发明内容
为了克服上述问题，本发明提供了一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，包括基布，所述基布是由尼龙66作为纤维长丝纱和纤维短丝纱制备而成；所述基布的纤维长丝纱及纤维短丝纱中含有处理液，所述基布与处理液的含量比例按重量计为500-800：4；所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10-25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5-20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5-10重量份。
具体的，所述纳米紫外线吸收剂为纳米氧化铈、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的一种。
具体的，所述改性阻燃剂是由三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐5-15重量份、硫酸钡1-5重量份、纳米氧化锌2-10重量份、邻苯二甲酸5-9重量份，经偶联剂疏水化处理制得改性阻燃剂。
具体的，所述稀土荧光化合物为Eu3+与含β-二酮基、吡啶基、羧基或磺酸基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅲ)有机配合物或Eu2+与含冠醚基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅱ)有机配合物的一种。
一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.按预定配比量取各组份混合后制得处理液，备用；
2.将尼龙纤维经熔融、拉丝形成尼龙丝纱；
3.将尼龙丝纱送入浸渍槽，向浸渍槽注入处理液进行加温浸渍作业；所述浸渍时间为10-30分钟，浸渍槽内处理液的温度维持在20-30℃；
4.将浸渍后的尼龙丝纱进行热模压处理，所述热模压处理包括依次进行的预压、保温压和定型压；
5.将热模压处理后尼龙丝纱分别制备成尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱；
6.将制得的尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱送入拉丝成网设备进行尼龙丝网的钩织，继而得到基布；
7.在基布上进行后处理，得到阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯。
具体的，在步骤1中，所述处理液的制备方法是将紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10-25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5-20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5-10重量份震荡分散后加入到水性聚氨酯溶液中，充分震荡、搅拌、分散，得处理液。
具体的，在步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为180-225℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为200-257℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为240-286℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
上述技术方案的有益之处在于：
本发明提供了一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法，由于是通过处理液对基布的尼龙丝纱进行处理再制备成地毯，处理液中含有纳米紫外线吸收剂、改性阻燃剂、纳米碳酸钙、海藻酸钠及稀土荧光化合物等，可以大幅度提高处理液的表现能力，可以使处理后的尼龙丝纱具有优异的性能，确保制得的地毯具有优异的抗紫外线能力以及阻燃性，，其中，阻燃性测试中20s的烧毁长度最高仅仅82mm，紫外光透过率≤5.0％；并且，借助纳米碳酸钙的耐候性，紫外线吸收剂不容易迁移，大大的延长抗紫外线功能的时效性；由此，能够大幅度提高地毯的耐老化性能，增强地毯的室外使用寿命，克服现有地毯长时间在日光环境下的机械等性能降低的缺陷。
下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，包括基布，所述基布是由尼龙66作为纤维长丝纱和纤维短丝纱制备而成；所述基布的纤维长丝纱及纤维短丝纱中含有处理液，所述基布与处理液的含量比例按重量计为500-800：4；所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙16重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠15重量份、稀土荧光化合物7重量份。
具体的，所述纳米紫外线吸收剂为纳米氧化铈、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的一种。
具体的，所述改性阻燃剂是由三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐5-15重量份、硫酸钡1-5重量份、纳米氧化锌2-10重量份、邻苯二甲酸5-9重量份，经偶联剂疏水化处理制得改性阻燃剂。
具体的，所述稀土荧光化合物为Eu3+与含β-二酮基、吡啶基、羧基或磺酸基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅲ)有机配合物或Eu2+与含冠醚基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅱ)有机配合物的一种。
一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.按预定配比量取各组份混合后制得处理液，备用；
2.将尼龙纤维经熔融、拉丝形成尼龙丝纱；
3.将尼龙丝纱送入浸渍槽，向浸渍槽注入处理液进行加温浸渍作业；所述浸渍时间为10-30分钟，浸渍槽内处理液的温度维持在20-30℃；
4.将浸渍后的尼龙丝纱进行热模压处理，所述热模压处理包括依次进行的预压、保温压和定型压；
5.将热模压处理后尼龙丝纱分别制备成尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱；
6.将制得的尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱送入拉丝成网设备进行尼龙丝网的钩织，继而得到基布；
7.在基布上进行后处理，得到阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯。
具体的，在步骤1中，所述处理液的制备方法是将紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10-25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5-20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5-10重量份震荡分散后加入到水性聚氨酯溶液中，充分震荡、搅拌、分散，得处理液。
具体的，在步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为200℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为220℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为268℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
实施例2
如实施例1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法，其中部分工艺还可以采用以下方法：
所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙18重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5重量份。
在制备方法的步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为205℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为200℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为286℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
实施例3
如实施例1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法，其中部分工艺还可以采用以下方法：
所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5重量份、稀土荧光化合物8重量份。
在制备方法的步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为180℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为257℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为240℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
实施例4
如实施例1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯及其制备方法，其中部分工艺还可以采用以下方法：
所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠12重量份、稀土荧光化合物10重量份。
在制备方法的步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为225℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为230℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为270℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
综上四个实施例，均可制得本发明阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，需要注意的是，本发明的技术要点在于：由于是通过处理液对基布的尼龙丝纱进行处理再制备成地毯，处理液中含有纳米紫外线吸收剂、改性阻燃剂、纳米碳酸钙、海藻酸钠及稀土荧光化合物等，海藻酸钠具有较强的吸水性，可使形成的溶液具有较高的粘度和混溶性，可提高处理液中纳米紫外线吸收剂的的稳定性，降低其他组份的分层，受阻胺光稳定剂可以与纳米紫外线吸收剂互相保护，可大幅度延长受阻胺光稳定剂和紫外线吸收剂的有效浓度保留时间，铕(Ⅲ)有机配合物可将紫外光转换成红光，铕(Ⅱ) 有机配合物可将紫外光转化成蓝光；由此，在上述组份的协同作用下，可有效的提高处理液在地毯基布上的紫外线防护系数，可以使处理后的尼龙丝纱具有优异的性能，确保制得的地毯具有优异的抗紫外线能力，同时还具有优异的抗老化能力；而添加的改性阻燃性更可以进一步提高地毯的阻燃性能，其中，阻燃性达到A级，紫外光透过率≤5.0％；并且，借助纳米碳酸钙的耐候性，紫外线吸收剂不容易迁移，大大的延长抗紫外线功能的时效性；由此，能够大幅度提高地毯的光稳定和抗紫外线能力，增强地毯的室外使用寿命，克服现有地毯长时间在日光环境下的性能降低的缺陷。
性能试验：
试验项目：阻燃性、紫外线透过率、极限氧指数。
试样样品：本发明上述四个实施例制得的地毯（实施例1-4）及现有抗紫外线地毯（对比例）。
试验方法：按相关标准执行，每个试验项目分别取10个试验进行试验，取平均数，试验结果如下表所示。
Figure RE-305721DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (7)

1.一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，包括基布，所述基布是由尼龙66作为纤维长丝纱和纤维短丝纱制备而成；其特征在于：所述基布的纤维长丝纱及纤维短丝纱中含有处理液，所述基布与处理液的含量比例按重量计为500-800：4；所述处理液按重量份数含有以下原料：纳米紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10-25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5-20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5-10重量份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，其特征在于：所述纳米紫外线吸收剂为纳米氧化铈 、纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛的一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，其特征在于：所述改性阻燃剂是由三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐5-15重量份、硫酸钡1-5重量份、钠米氧化锌2-10重量份、邻苯二甲酸5-9重量份，经偶联剂疏水化处理制得改性阻燃剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯，其特征在于：所述稀土荧光化合物为Eu3+与含β-二酮基、吡啶基、羧基或磺酸基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅲ)有机配合物或Eu2+与含冠醚基的有机配体化合得到的铕(Ⅱ)有机配合物的一种。
5.如权利要求1-4任意之一所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）按预定配比量取各组份混合后制得处理液，备用；
2）将尼龙纤维经熔融、拉丝形成尼龙丝纱；
3）将尼龙丝纱送入浸渍槽，向浸渍槽注入处理液进行加温浸渍作业；所述浸渍时间为10-30分钟，浸渍槽内处理液的温度维持在20-30℃；
4）将浸渍后的尼龙丝纱进行热模压处理，所述热模压处理包括依次进行的预压、保温压和定型压；
5）将热模压处理后尼龙丝纱分别制备成尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱；
6）将制得的尼龙长丝纱和尼龙短丝纱送入拉丝成网设备进行尼龙丝网的钩织，继而得到基布；
7）在基布上进行后处理，得到阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤1中，所述处理液的制备方法是将紫外线吸收剂20-60重量份、纳米碳酸钙10-25重量份、增强剂2-8重量份、改性阻燃剂20-50重量份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-8重量份、海藻酸钠5-20重量份、稀土荧光化合物5-10重量份震荡分散后加入到水性聚氨酯溶液中，充分震荡、搅拌、分散，得处理液。
7.如权利要求5所述的一种阻燃抗紫外线无纺地毯的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤4中，所述预压的预压温度为180-225℃、预压时间为20-40s、预压压力为2-8MPa；所述保温压的保压温度为200-257℃、保压时间为80-160s、保压压力为5-15MPa、放气次数为1-3次；所述定型压的定型温度为240-286℃、保压时间为120-180s、保压压力为10-15MPa。
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