CN111771437B - Alfalfa field improvement device - Google Patents

Alfalfa field improvement device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111771437B
CN111771437B CN202010740763.5A CN202010740763A CN111771437B CN 111771437 B CN111771437 B CN 111771437B CN 202010740763 A CN202010740763 A CN 202010740763A CN 111771437 B CN111771437 B CN 111771437B
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spring
fixing plate
shovel
soil
plate
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CN111771437A (en
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王德成
马文鹏
尤泳
王光辉
郇晓龙
徐鹏
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
    • A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to an alfalfa field improvement device, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The invention mainly comprises a soil loosening and root cutting mechanism and a seed and fertilizer guiding mechanism. The soil loosening and root cutting mechanism comprises a connecting plate, a front fixing plate, a spring end cover, an excitation spring, a spring fixing bolt, a spring limiting cover, a rear fixing plate, a fixing beam, a left side wing shovel, a shovel head, a right side wing shovel and a subsoiler handle. The seed and fertilizer guiding mechanism comprises a fertilizer guiding pipe, a seed guiding pipe, a soil covering plate, a guide pipe fixing part and a ditching wedge. The invention can perform soil loosening and improving operation aiming at the soil compaction problem of the artificial alfalfa field, and improve the air permeability of the soil; the double-wing bionic root cutting shovel is arranged, so that the main root of perennial artificial alfalfa can be effectively cut off, and the growth of alfalfa stems and leaves is promoted; the method can be used for interplanting grass seeds of gramineous forage grass and applying fertilizer at deep positions on the side, so that the overground space utilization rate is reasonably improved, the root system development reaches the optimal state, and the annual total yield of the forage grass is further improved.

Description

Alfalfa field improvement device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an alfalfa field improvement device.
Background
Alfalfa is the forage grass with the largest planting area, the highest available value and the widest distribution in the world at present, and has the title of 'king of forage grass'. The crude protein content can reach 18%, which is far higher than corn and wheat. In 2015, the central 1 file provides important instructions on 'accelerating development of grass husbandry, supporting forage grass planting of silage corn, alfalfa and the like, developing a trial point of a mode combining grain-to-feed and planting and promoting coordinated development of a ternary planting structure of grains, economic crops and forage grass'. According to the national alfalfa industry development plan (2016-2020) issued by ministry of agriculture, in 2015, the planting area of the national alfalfa is 7067 ten thousand mu, and the yield is 3217 ten thousand tons, wherein the planting area of the commercial alfalfa is 649 ten thousand mu, the planting area of the high-quality alfalfa is 320 ten thousand mu, and the yield of the high-quality alfalfa is 180 ten thousand tons, and the standard reaches the national second-level alfalfa standard.
The method has important practical significance and economic value aiming at the research and development of the improved machinery of the perennial artificial alfalfa: firstly, artificially planted alfalfa can be harvested 4-7 times a year, field management operation is carried out by using agricultural machinery all the year round, the change of soil volume density and porosity is caused, root system penetration resistance is increased, nutrient absorption of crops is influenced, and as a result, the soil condition is deteriorated, the yield of the alfalfa is reduced, the energy consumption of machine operation is increased, and the like; secondly, the perennial alfalfa is huge in root system, the length of the main root can reach more than 1m, the nutrient absorption of the stem and leaf parts is seriously influenced, and the yield of the alfalfa is reduced; finally, long-term planting results in a single structure, resulting in reduced soil fertility, loss of biodiversity and increased pest and disease damage.
According to related data, the general speed per hour of the tuna is 30-50 km/h, the highest speed can reach 160km/h, and the speed is faster than that of a short-run champion cheetah on land, which is related to the special geometrical structure of the dorsal fin of the tuna. Therefore, the invention provides an alfalfa field improvement device, which applies the curve characteristic of the second dorsal fin of the tuna with the yellow fin to the structural bionic design of the root cutting shovel and can reduce the soil resistance in the working process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved device for alfalfa, which solves the problems mentioned above in the background art.
The invention relates to an alfalfa field improving device which comprises a connecting plate 1, a front fixing plate I2, a front fixing plate II3, a spring end cover I4, an excitation spring I5, an excitation spring II6, a spring end cover II7, a spring fixing bolt I8, a spring fixing bolt II9, a spring limiting cover I10, a spring limiting cover II11, a spring limiting cover III12, a spring limiting cover IV13, a rear fixing plate I14, a rear fixing plate II15, a fixing beam 16, a seed guide pipe 17, a fertilizer guide pipe 18, a left soil covering plate 19, a right soil covering plate 20, a pipe fixing piece 21, a ditching wedge 22, a left side wing shovel 23, a shovel head 24, a right side wing shovel 25 and a deep loosening shovel handle 26,
the fixed beam 16 is welded on the connecting plate 1; the front fixing plate I2 and the front fixing plate II3 are welded on the connecting plate 1 and the fixed beam 16; the spring end plate I4 is hinged with the front fixing plate I2 and the front fixing plate II 3; the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 are hinged on the fixing beam 16; the spring end cover II7 is hinged on the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II 15; the excitation spring I5 is fixed between the spring end cover I4 and the spring end cover II7 through a spring limit cover I10, a spring limit cover III12 and a spring fixing bolt I8; the excitation spring II6 is fixed between the spring end cover I4 and the spring end cover II7 through a spring limit cover II11, a spring limit cover IV13 and a spring fixing bolt II 9; the subsoiler handle 26 is fixed between the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 through bolts; the conduit fixing piece 21 is fixed on the subsoiler handle 26 through a bolt; the seed guide pipe 17 and the fertilizer guide pipe 18 are fixed on the catheter fixing part 21; the ditching wedge 22 is welded on the guide pipe fixing piece 21; the left soil covering plate 19 and the right soil covering plate 20 are fixed on a subsoiler handle 26 through bolts; the left side wing shovel 23 and the right side wing shovel 25 are fixed on a subsoiler handle 26 through screws; the blade 24 is secured to the subsoiler handle 26 by screws.
Preferably, the front surface edge directrix equation of the left side wing shovel 23 is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e 0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e 0.02706x )，
The front surface cutting edge alignment equation of the right flank shovel 25 is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e -0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e -0.02706x )。
Preferably, the front surface cutting edges of the left and right wing shovels 23 and 25 are provided with saw teeth.
Preferably, 5, an alfalfa improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the attack angle alpha of the ditching wedge 22 is 20 degrees, and a chamfer angle of 10 multiplied by 45 degrees is processed on the lower oblique edge of the ditching wedge.
Preferably, the catheter fixing member 21 is provided with a through hole and an L-shaped through hole; the fertilizer guide pipe 18 is fixed in the through hole; the seed guide pipe 17 is fixed in the L-shaped through hole, and the port of the seed guide pipe is arranged behind the ditching wedge 22.
Preferably, the left and right soil covering plates 19 and 20 are made of neoprene.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the vibrating type subsoiler to loosen the soil, can effectively solve the soil compaction problem caused by mechanical operation all the year round and improve the growth environment of crops.
2. The bionic double-wing root cutting shovel is adopted, and the cutting edge is provided with the sawteeth, so that the main root of the perennial artificial alfalfa can be effectively cut off, and the nutrient absorption of the lateral root and the overground stem and leaf part of the perennial artificial alfalfa is promoted.
3. The invention is provided with a seed and fertilizer guiding system, which can complete ditching, seeding, fertilizing and earthing operations while realizing deep scarification, thereby realizing comprehensive improvement on perennial artificial alfalfa land.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of another perspective of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of a self-vibrating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the subsoiling root cutting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a seed and fertilizer guiding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the seed and fertilizer introduction mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the trenching assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the improved method of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-connecting plate 2-front fixing plate I
3-front fixed plate II 4-spring end cover I
5-exciting spring I6-exciting spring II
7-spring end cover II 8-spring fixing bolt I
9-spring fixing bolt II 10-spring limiting cover I
11-spring limit cover II 12-spring limit cover III
13-spring limit cover Iv 14-rear fixing plate I
15-rear fixed plate II 16-fixed beam
17-seed guiding tube 18-fertilizer guiding tube
19-left soil covering plate 20-right soil covering plate
21-catheter fixing member 22-ditching wedge
23-left side wing shovel 24-shovel head
25-Right flank shovel 26-subsoiler handle
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments and their directional terminology described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary in nature and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one broad embodiment of the present invention, an alfalfa soil improvement device mainly includes a connection plate 1, a front fixing plate I2, a front fixing plate II3, a spring end cover I4, an excitation spring I5, an excitation spring II6, a spring end cover II7, a spring fixing bolt I8, a spring fixing bolt II9, a spring limiting cover I10, a spring limiting cover II11, a spring limiting cover III12, a spring limiting cover IV13, a rear fixing plate I14, a rear fixing plate II15, a fixing beam 16, a seed guiding pipe 17, a fertilizer guiding pipe 18, a left soil covering plate 19, a right soil covering plate 20, a pipe fixing member 21, a ditching wedge 22, a left wing shovel 23, a shovel head 24, a right wing shovel 25 and a subsoiler handle 26.
The fixed beam 16 is welded on the connecting plate 1; the front fixing plate I2 and the front fixing plate II3 are welded on the connecting plate 1 and the fixed beam 16; the spring end plate I4 is hinged with the front fixing plate I2 and the front fixing plate II 3); the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 are hinged on the fixing beam 16; the spring end cover II7 is hinged on the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II 15; the excitation spring I5 is fixed between the spring end cover I4 and the spring end cover II7 through a spring limit cover I10, a spring limit cover III12 and a spring fixing bolt I8; the excitation spring II6 is fixed between the spring end cover I4 and the spring end cover II7 through a spring limit cover II11, a spring limit cover IV13 and a spring fixing bolt II 9; the subsoiler handle 26 is fixed between the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 through bolts; the conduit fixing piece 21 is fixed on the subsoiler handle 26 through a bolt; the seed guide pipe 17 and the fertilizer guide pipe 18 are fixed on the catheter fixing part 21; the ditching wedge 22 is welded on the guide pipe fixing piece 21; the left soil covering plate 19 and the right soil covering plate 20 are fixed on a subsoiler handle 26 through bolts; the left side wing shovel 23 and the right side wing shovel 25 are fixed on a subsoiler handle 26 through screws; the blade 24 is secured to the subsoiler handle 26 by screws.
The front surface cutting edge alignment equation of the left side wing shovel (23) is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e 0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e 0.02706x )，
The front surface cutting edge alignment equation of the right flank shovel (25) is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e -0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e -0.02706x )。
Each equation curve is obtained by extracting the second dorsal fin characteristic curve of the tuna finfish by using an image processing technology, so that the shearing resistance of the root cutting shovel and the frictional resistance between soil are reduced in the soil shearing process, the soil penetrating capacity is improved, and the problem of root system winding is reduced.
Fig. 3 shows a self-excitation mechanism of the invention, which comprises a connecting plate 1, a front fixing plate I2, a front fixing plate II3, a spring end cover I4, an excitation spring I5, an excitation spring II6, a spring end cover II7, a spring fixing bolt I8, a spring fixing bolt II9, a spring limiting cover I10, a spring limiting cover II11, a spring limiting cover III12, a spring limiting cover IV13, a rear fixing plate I14, a rear fixing plate II15 and a fixing beam 16. When the subsoiler works, soil resistance forces the subsoiler handle 26 and the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 fixedly connected with the subsoiler handle to rotate backwards around a hinge point, the spring end cover II7 extrudes the excitation spring I5 and the excitation spring II6 through the spring limiting cover III12 and the spring limiting cover IV13 to generate elastic force which reacts on the subsoiler handle 26, and when the elastic force is larger than the soil resistance, the subsoiler handle 26 moves forwards to cut soil, so that the resistance reducing effect is achieved;
fig. 4 shows a subsoiling root cutting mechanism of the present invention comprising a left flank shovel 23, a shovel head 24, a right flank shovel 25 and a subsoiler handle 26. The soil-entering angle of the shovel head 24 is 30 degrees, and the rest subsoiler handles 26 are connected through bolts, so that the shovel head can be replaced in time after being worn through long-term operation. The front end of the subsoiler handle 26 is provided with a soil breaking blade with an angle of 90 degrees, so that soil breaking is facilitated. During operation, the subsoiler handle 26 moves forward to cut the crust to form gullies, and the spade head 24 fixedly connected with the same can increase soil disturbance and improve soil porosity. The cutting edges of the front surfaces of the left side wing shovel 23 and the right side wing shovel 25 are provided with sawteeth, so that the sliding cutting of the main root of the alfalfa is realized, and the root cutting efficiency can be effectively improved;
fig. 5 and 6 show the seed and fertilizer guiding mechanism of the invention, which comprises a seed guiding pipe 17, a fertilizer guiding pipe 18, a left soil covering plate 19, a right soil covering plate 20, a guide pipe fixing member 21, a ditching wedge 22 and a deep loosening shovel handle 26. The seed guide pipe 17 and the fertilizer guide pipe 18 are fixed on the catheter fixing part 21; the ditching wedge 22 is welded on the guide pipe fixing piece 21; the left and right soil covering plates 19 and 20 are fixed to a subsoiler handle 26 by means of bolts. When the grass seed sowing device works, the guide pipe fixing piece 21 moves forwards along with the subsoiler 26, the ditching wedge 22 fixed on the guide pipe fixing piece cuts off a soil layer, the outlet of the seed guiding pipe 17 is arranged behind the ditching wedge 22, and grass seeds enter a seed ditch formed by the ditching wedge 22 through the seed guiding pipe 17 under the action of air flow and gravity. Since the pipe fixing member 21 is fixed to the U-shaped groove of the subsoiler handle 26 by means of the bolt, the sowing depth can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the seed guide fixing member 21. The solid granular fertilizer is discharged into a gully formed by the subsoiling shovel handle 26 through the fertilizer guide pipe 18 under the action of airflow and gravity, and the left soil covering plate 19 and the right soil covering plate 20 pull part of soil brought out by the subsoiling shovel handle 26 back into the gully to play a role in retaining water and moisture. The left soil covering plate 19 and the right soil covering plate 20 are made of chloroprene rubber, and the materials have good wear resistance and flexibility, so that the soil covering plates have a random profiling function, and the soil returning efficiency is improved.
FIG. 7 illustrates a trenching assembly of the present invention comprising a catheter mount 21 and a trenching wedge 22. The attack angle alpha of the ditching wedge 22 is 20 degrees, and a chamfer angle of 10 multiplied by 45 degrees is processed on the lower oblique edge of the ditching wedge, so that the ditching wedge has good soil entering performance and small soil resistance. The catheter fixing piece 21 is provided with a straight-through hole and an L-shaped through hole; the fertilizer guide pipe 18 is fixed in the through hole; the seed guide pipe 17 is fixed in the L-shaped through hole, and the port of the seed guide pipe is arranged behind the ditching wedge 22.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the improvement method of the present invention, which cuts off the main root of alfalfa 20-50 cm away from the ground surface, slows down the growth of the main root, changes the main root of alfalfa from a straight root system to a chicken claw type root system, improves the water absorption rate, and promotes the nutrient absorption of the above-ground stem and leaf parts. Solid granular fertilizer is applied to the lateral side of the main root, so that depth-measuring fertilization is realized, soil nutrients are improved, and alfalfa rejuvenation and regeneration are promoted. The seeds of forage grass of the grass family, leguminous (alfalfa) and the grass family (such as ryegrass) have obvious difference in morphology, the capability of utilizing environmental resources of plants is obviously improved after the seeds are sowed in a mixed mode, the seeds and the plant are distributed in the soil in a layered mode, and moisture and nutrients are absorbed from the soil at different depths without mutual interference; in addition, the nutrition physiological characteristics of the gramineous forage grass and the leguminous forage grass are different, the nutrients in the soil are not fully utilized, the leguminous forage grass absorbs more Ga, P and Mg in the soil, the gramineous forage grass absorbs more Si and N, and the mixed sowing can reduce the competition for laying nutrient elements in the soil, so that the gramineous forage grass seeds are additionally sowed in perennial alfalfa fields, and the comprehensive yield of the grassland can be improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the tractor provides walking power for the device, and as the soil height and the soil resistance change constantly in the advancing process of the device, the subsoiler handle 26 enables the rear fixing plate I14 and the rear fixing plate II15 to rotate around a pin shaft on the fixing beam 16 and drive a spring end cover II7 hinged with the rear fixing plate and the fixing beam to move, so that the shock excitation spring I5 and the excitation spring II6 are compressed, the compression amount changes accordingly, and the shock excitation spring II acts on the subsoiler handle 26 reversely to enable the subsoiler handle 26 to vibrate slightly, so that the soil resistance is reduced. In the advancing process of the device, the left side wing shovel 23 and the right side wing shovel 25 can cut off the main root of the alfalfa and promote the growth of the side root, stem and leaf of the alfalfa; in the advancing process of the device, the ditching wedge 22 can form a seed ditch, seeds of the gramineous forage grass are discharged into the seed ditch through the seed guide pipe 17 under the action of air flow and gravity, and the ditching depth can be changed by adjusting the upper and lower positions of the fixed beam 16; the granular fertilizer is discharged into a groove formed by the subsoiling shovel handle 26 through the fertilizer guide pipe 18 under the action of air flow and gravity, so that the depth measurement fertilization is realized; the left soil covering plate 19 and the right soil covering plate 20 can pull the soil turned out by the deep scarification shovel handle 26 back into the groove to play a role in preserving water and moisture.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An improved device of alfalfa, characterized in that: comprises a connecting plate (1), a front fixing plate I (2), a front fixing plate II (3), a spring end cover I (4), an excitation spring I (5), an excitation spring II (6), a spring end cover II (7), a spring fixing bolt I (8), a spring fixing bolt II (9), a spring limiting cover I (10), a spring limiting cover II (11), a spring limiting cover III (12), a spring limiting cover IV (13), a rear fixing plate I (14), a rear fixing plate II (15), a fixing beam (16), a seed guide pipe (17), a fertilizer guide pipe (18), a left soil covering plate (19), a right soil covering plate (20), a pipe fixing piece (21), a ditching wedge (22), a left side wing shovel (23), a shovel head (24), a right side wing shovel (25) and a deep loosening shovel handle (26),
the fixed beam (16) is welded on the connecting plate (1); the front fixing plate I (2) and the front fixing plate II (3) are welded on the connecting plate (1) and the fixed beam (16); the spring end cover I (4) is hinged with the front fixing plate I (2) and the front fixing plate II (3); the rear fixing plate I (14) and the rear fixing plate II (15) are hinged on the fixing beam (16); the spring end cover II (7) is hinged on the rear fixing plate I (14) and the rear fixing plate II (15); the excitation spring I (5) is fixed between the spring end cover I (4) and the spring end cover II (7) through a spring limit cover I (10), a spring limit cover III (12) and a spring fixing bolt I (8); the excitation spring II (6) is fixed between the spring end cover I (4) and the spring end cover II (7) through a spring limit cover II (11), a spring limit cover IV (13) and a spring fixing bolt II (9); a subsoiler handle (26) is fixed between the rear fixing plate I (14) and the rear fixing plate II (15) through bolts; the guide pipe fixing piece (21) is fixed on the subsoiler handle (26) through a bolt; the seed guide pipe (17) and the fertilizer guide pipe (18) are fixed on the catheter fixing piece (21); the ditching wedge (22) is welded on the guide pipe fixing piece (21); the left soil covering plate (19) and the right soil covering plate (20) are fixed on a subsoiler handle (26) through bolts; the left side wing shovel (23) and the right side wing shovel (25) are fixed on a subsoiler handle (26) through screws; the shovel head (24) is fixed on the subsoiler handle (26) through a screw;
the front surface cutting edge alignment equation of the left side wing shovel (23) is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e 0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e 0.02706x )，
The front surface cutting edge alignment equation of the right flank shovel (25) is
f(x)＝-17.34456(1-e -0.01735x )，
The equation of the directrix of the cutting edge on the rear surface is
f(x)＝-2.557(1-e -0.02706x )，
Each equation curve is obtained by extracting a second dorsal fin characteristic curve of the tuna finfish by using an image processing technology, so that the shearing resistance of the root cutting shovel and the friction resistance between soil are reduced in the soil shearing process, the soil penetrating capability is improved, and the problem of root system winding is reduced;
as the soil height and the soil resistance change all the time in the advancing process of the alfalfa soil improvement device, the subsoiling shovel handle (26) enables the rear fixing plate I (14) and the rear fixing plate II (15) to rotate around the pin shaft on the fixing beam (16) and drive the spring end cover II (7) hinged with the rear fixing plate I and the rear fixing plate II to move, so that the excitation spring I (5) and the excitation spring II (6) are compressed, the compression amount changes along with the rotation, and the subsoiling shovel handle (26) is reversely acted on to enable the subsoiling shovel handle to vibrate slightly, so that the soil resistance is reduced.
2. An improved alfalfa plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front surface cutting edges of the left side wing shovel (23) and the right side wing shovel (25) are provided with sawteeth.
3. An improved alfalfa plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the subsoiler handle (26) is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the position of the conduit fixing piece (21) can be adjusted up and down.
4. An improved alfalfa field device according to claim 1 wherein: the attack angle alpha of the ditching wedge (22) is 20 degrees, and a chamfer of 10 multiplied by 45 degrees is processed on the lower oblique edge of the ditching wedge.
5. An improved alfalfa plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the catheter fixing piece (21) is provided with a straight-through hole and an L-shaped through hole; the fertilizer guide pipe (18) is fixed in the straight through hole; the seed guide pipe (17) is fixed in the L-shaped through hole, and the port of the seed guide pipe is arranged behind the ditching wedge (22).
6. An improved alfalfa plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left soil covering plate (19) and the right soil covering plate (20) are made of chloroprene rubber.
CN202010740763.5A 2020-07-24 2020-07-24 Alfalfa field improvement device Active CN111771437B (en)

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