CN111764440A

CN111764440A - Anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for building basement and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111764440A
Application number: CN202010556672.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 经浩芳; 陈君; 狄卫星; 曹军; 费翔; 唐毅
Original assignee: Changzhou Donghua Construction And Installation Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Donghua Construction And Installation Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-18
Filing date: 2020-06-18
Publication date: 2020-10-13

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of anti-floating and pressure-relief of basements, and discloses an anti-floating, pressure-relief and pressure-relief drainage system of a building basement and a construction method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the existing anti-floating, pressure-relief and pressure-relief drainage system of the building basement has potential safety hazards; the drainage component comprises a water pump, a water pumping pipe and a drainage pipe, wherein the water pumping pipe and the drainage pipe are connected with the water pump, the water pump is arranged above the foundation layer, one end, far away from the water pump, of the water pumping pipe extends into the water collecting well, and the drainage pipe is connected with the drainage pipeline. The invention has the effects of anti-floating, pressure relief and drainage and high safety performance.

Description

Anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for building basement and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of basement anti-floating pressure relief, in particular to an anti-floating pressure relief drainage system for a building basement and a construction method thereof.

Background

The basement is that the height that the room ground is less than the ground level of outdoor half of the net height of this room, and multilayer and high-rise building need deeper basis, for utilize this height, build the basement under the building bottom, both can increase usable floor area, can save the room heart and backfill, can improve the efficiency of building land, and some high-rise building bases are buried deeply very greatly, make full use of this degree of depth and build the basement, and its economic effect and result of use are all good. The basement is the basic unit of building facility, in the season that rainstorm frequently, has often appeared the relatively poor and problem of ponding of drainage performance, long-time ponding leads to basement structure come-up, has certain potential safety hazard.

Chinese patent No. CN210031867U discloses an anti-floating pressure-relief drainage system for a building basement, which comprises a basement layer, wherein a bearing wall is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the basement layer, a water outlet pipe is fixedly installed in the basement layer, a containing box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bearing wall, two symmetrical first insulating rods are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the containing box, a first electric power ball and a second electric power ball are fixedly connected to one side surfaces of the two first insulating rods, which are close to each other, respectively, the outer surface of the first electric power ball is fixedly connected with a first lead, one end of the first lead, which is far away from the first electric power ball, penetrates through the inner top wall of the containing box and extends to the upper part of the containing box, the first lead is fixedly connected with a wiring end of a water suction pump, the outer surface of the second electric power ball is fixedly connected with a second lead, one end of the second lead, which is far away from the second, the lug has been placed to the inside of holding case, and the surface of first electric power ball and second electric power ball all contacts with the upper surface of lug, and two symmetrical second insulating rods of bottom surface fixedly connected with of lug, the bottom of two second insulating rods runs through two second sliding rings respectively and extends to the below of holding case, and the sliding ring cup joints with the second insulating rod mutually, the equal fixedly connected with buoyancy board in bottom surface of every second insulating rod.

This kind of anti-floating pressure release decompression drainage system of building basement utilizes the buoyancy of ponding to make and promotes buoyancy board and drive second insulating rod and lug and rise in the use, makes second electric power ball and first electric power ball form closed circuit, and the suction pump circular telegram is started, makes rivers pass through pipeline, suction nozzle, suction pipe and drain pipe discharge basement. But the speed that the water level when ponding rises is greater than the speed that the water pump drew water, and when the water level did not cross the holding case, water can enter into the holding incasement for first electric power ball and second electric power ball submergence have electric conductivity in aqueous, have the potential safety hazard.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-floating pressure relief pressure reduction drainage system for a basement of a building and a construction method thereof, which reduce the possibility of potential safety hazards and have the anti-floating pressure relief effect on the basement.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the building basement comprises a foundation layer, the basement and the anti-floating pressure relief mechanism, wherein the basement and the anti-floating pressure relief mechanism are arranged in the foundation layer, the anti-floating pressure relief mechanism comprises a gravel permeable layer, a water collecting well and a drainage component, the inner side wall of the basement is a bearing wall built by concrete, the gravel permeable layer is arranged on the outer side of the basement, the bottom side of the gravel permeable layer is lower than the bottom side of the basement by 0.5-0.8m in height, the water collecting well is located in the gravel permeable layer, the inner wall of the water collecting well is built by concrete, a first connecting pipe penetrates through the side wall of the water collecting well, and one end, far away from the water collecting well, of the first connecting pipe penetrates through the;

the drainage assembly comprises a water pump, a water pumping pipe and a drainage pipe, the water pumping pipe and the drainage pipe are connected with the water pump, the water pump is arranged above the foundation layer, one end, far away from the water pump, of the water pumping pipe extends into the water collecting well, and the drainage pipe is connected with the sewer pipeline.

Through the technical scheme, when the water level in the basement layer rises, underground water permeates upwards along the gravel permeable layer and flows into the water collecting well through the first connecting pipe, then the water pump works, water is pumped out of the water collecting well through the water pumping pipe and is discharged into the sewer pipeline through the drain pipe, so that underground water is pumped out, underground water accumulation is reduced, the possibility of floating of the basement structure is reduced, the anti-floating pressure relief effect is achieved, the underground water is kept away from the water pump when the water pump works, safety is reduced, and safety performance is improved; simultaneously, the bottom side position on grit permeable bed is less than the bottom side height of basement, and groundwater of being convenient for upwards permeates along the grit permeable bed, has reduced groundwater towards the possibility that basement permeates.

The invention is further configured to: an overflow pipe is communicated with a position close to the top on the side wall of the water collecting well, and one end of the overflow pipe, far away from the water collecting well, is connected with a sewer pipeline.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when the water level in the sump rises to the mouth of pipe position of overflow pipe, water in the sump can be discharged the sewer through the overflow pipe in, meanwhile, the water pump is taken water out through the drinking-water pipe, has improved the discharge velocity to ponding in the sump, when having reduced the speed that the ponding water level rises and being greater than the speed that the suction pump drew water, the ponding water level rises and leads to the possibility of basement come-up, has further strengthened the effect of anti-floating pressure release.

The invention is further configured to: an isolation layer is arranged between the gravel permeable layer and the basement.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of isolation layer for gravel permeable bed and basement separate, have reduced the intraformational water of gravel permeable towards the possibility that the basement permeates, have played the effect of prevention of seepage.

The invention is further configured to: the isolation layer is made of polyethylene materials, and the isolation plate is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the outer side of the basement.

By the technical scheme, the polyethylene has small water absorption and good tensile resistance, can block water on the outer side of the basement, and plays a role in blocking water; meanwhile, the partition board is obliquely arranged to block the underground water from top to bottom, so that the possibility of the underground water permeating from bottom to top is reduced, and the possibility of the underground water permeating prevention is enhanced.

The invention is further configured to: the basement is characterized in that a waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side of the basement and made of polyester films.

According to the technical scheme, the polyester film is made of polyethylene glycol terephthalate as a raw material, is made into a thick sheet by an extrusion method, and is made into a film material by biaxial stretching, so that the film material has good corrosion resistance and air tightness, can block water on the outer side of the basement, reduces the possibility that underground water penetrates through the bearing wall to reach the interior of the basement, and achieves the effects of water prevention and seepage prevention.

The invention is further configured to: be connected with the second connecting pipe on the drain pipe, the second connecting pipe includes vertical body and the horizontal body of an organic whole connection, be equipped with control flap on the vertical body, the horizontal body is located the top of basement, just a plurality of atomizer have been set firmly towards one side of basement to the horizontal body, the bracing piece that is used for supporting the horizontal body of second connecting pipe is erect to the top of basement.

According to the technical scheme, in the construction process, when dust removal needs to be carried out on a construction site, an operator opens the valve and the water pump, at the moment, underground water is pumped out and enters the second connecting pipe to be sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle, and dust is adhered to water mist and then is settled, so that the dust suppression effect is achieved; the arrangement makes the underground water used for spraying and dust suppression, and is beneficial to saving water resources.

The invention is further configured to: the bearing wall is internally preset with a composite layer, and the composite layer comprises a honeycomb plate layer and waterproof plate layers arranged on two sides of the honeycomb plate layer.

Through the technical scheme, the honeycomb sandwich structure is arranged in the honeycomb plate, so that the honeycomb plate has good heat insulation and sound insulation effects, and the heat insulation and sound insulation effects of the honeycomb plate are improved; the waterproof board is also called geomembrane, and is an impermeable material prepared from high molecular polymer serving as a basic raw material, and the arrangement of two waterproof board layers plays a role in double waterproofing and impermeable functions, so that the waterproofing and impermeable effects of the bearing wall are further improved, and the possibility of water permeating into an underground chamber is reduced.

The invention is further configured to: first connecting pipe is located gravel and permeates water on the intraformational lateral wall of layer and is connected with a plurality of minutes pipes along length direction, the one end that the sump pit was kept away from to first connecting pipe all is equipped with the filter screen with the one end of being kept away from first connecting pipe of branch pipe, the mesh diameter of filter screen is less than the diameter of gravel.

Through the technical scheme, the arrangement of the branch pipes enables the first connecting pipe to face the opening area of the gravel permeable layer, so that underground water in the gravel permeable layer can be conveniently and quickly permeated into the water collecting well to be collected, and the underground water can be conveniently pumped out of the water collecting well and drained by the water pumping pipe; meanwhile, the filter screen plays a role in filtering and blocking the gravel, and the possibility that the gravel enters the first connecting pipe and the branch pipe to block the first connecting pipe and the branch pipe is reduced.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a construction method of an anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system of a building basement comprises the following construction steps:

excavating a foundation pit: two adjacent foundation pits are excavated in the foundation layer and are respectively arranged as a first foundation pit and a second foundation pit, and the depth of the first foundation pit is 0.5-0.8m deeper than that of the second foundation pit;

building a basement: laying a layer of polyester film in the second foundation pit along the inner wall of the foundation pit, then building the foundation pit through concrete to form a bearing wall, wherein the polyester film forms a waterproof layer on the outer side of the bearing wall, a composite layer is preset in the second foundation pit in the building process, and the bearing walls on four sides fixedly enclose a basement in the foundation layer;

laying a gravel permeable layer and building a water collecting well: laying and paving gravel in the second foundation pit to form a gravel permeable layer, wherein the thickness of the gravel permeable layer is 2-2.5m, a water collecting well with the depth of 1.5m is preset in the gravel permeable layer, the side wall of the water collecting well is formed by pouring concrete, a first connecting pipe and an overflow pipe are preset on the side wall of the water collecting well, the first connecting pipe extends into the gravel permeable layer, the overflow pipe is arranged at the position with the height of 1.4m of the water collecting well, the overflow pipe is connected with a sewer pipeline, a water pumping pipe is arranged in the water collecting well in a penetrating mode, and one end, away from the water collecting well, of the water pumping pipe is connected with a water pump;

filling and leveling the second foundation pit: the soil of basement layer is backfilled in the second foundation ditch and in the top of grit permeable bed, until filling up the second foundation ditch completely to set up the water pump on the basement layer, be connected with the drain pipe on the water pump, the drain pipe links to each other with the sewer pipe, is connected with the second connecting pipe on the drain pipe, and the second connecting pipe includes the vertical body and the horizontal body of a body coupling, is equipped with control flap on the vertical body, and the horizontal body is located the top of basement, just horizontal body has set firmly a plurality of atomizer towards one side of basement, and the bracing piece that is used for supporting the horizontal body of second connecting pipe is erect to the top of basement, and the bracing piece connects to fix the top at the basement through cement mortar.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, during the construction, loop through excavation foundation ditch, build by laying bricks or stones the basement, lay the grit permeable bed and build by laying bricks or stones the sump pit, fill and level up these four construction steps of second foundation ditch, basement, grit permeable bed, sump pit are accomplished in the construction to lay and be used for taking out the water in the sump pit and the suction pipe of draining away, easy operation is convenient.

The invention is further configured to: before laying a gravel permeable bed and building a water collecting well, a partition plate is preset on one side of the basement beyond the second foundation pit, the partition plate is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the outer side of the basement, then soil of a foundation layer is filled in a gap between the partition plate and the outer side of the basement, and the partition plate is fixed in position to form an isolation layer.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the division board between basement and gravel permeable stratum and separate both, played the separation effect to groundwater, reduced groundwater towards the possibility of underground infiltration.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. underground water is collected and discharged, so that the possibility of the rise of the basement structure position caused by the rise of the underground water level is reduced, the anti-floating pressure relief effect is achieved, and the stability of the basement structure is ensured;

2. pumping out underground water and spraying the underground water to a construction area above the basement, fully utilizing the underground water and achieving the effect of dust suppression.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a basement and an anti-floating pressure relief mechanism arranged in a foundation layer in the embodiment.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Reference numerals: 1. a ground layer; 11. a first foundation pit; 12. a second foundation pit; 13. an isolation layer; 2. a basement; 21. a load-bearing wall; 211. compounding layers; 2111. a honeycomb panel layer; 2112. a waterproof sheet layer; 23. a waterproof layer; 3. an anti-floating pressure relief mechanism; 31. a gravel permeable layer; 32. a water collecting well; 321. a first connecting pipe; 3211. pipe distribution; 3212. a filter screen; 322. an overflow pipe; 33. a drainage assembly; 331. a water pump; 332. a water pumping pipe; 333. a drain pipe; 334. a second connecting pipe; 3341. a vertical pipe body; 3342. a horizontal pipe body; 3343. a control valve; 3344. an atomizing spray head; 335. a support rod.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building, disclosed by the invention, comprises a basement layer 1, a basement 2 and an anti-floating pressure relief mechanism 3, wherein the basement 2 and the anti-floating pressure relief mechanism are arranged in the basement layer 1, a waterproof layer 23 is arranged on the outer side of the basement 2, the waterproof layer 23 is made of a polyester film, the inner side wall of a lower chamber is a bearing wall 21 built by concrete, and the waterproof layer 23 is paved and bonded on the outer side of the bearing wall 21. A composite layer 211 formed by bonding and compounding a honeycomb plate layer 2111 and two waterproof plate layers 2112 is preset in the bearing wall 21, the waterproof plate layers 2112 are respectively bonded on two sides of the honeycomb plate layer 2111, and the honeycomb plate is of a honeycomb sandwich structure and has good heat preservation and sound insulation effects; the waterproof board, also called geomembrane, is an impermeable material made of high molecular polymer as a basic raw material, and the composite layer 211 is arranged, so that the bearing wall 21 has the properties of protection, sound insulation and impermeability.

Referring to fig. 1, anti pressure release mechanism 3 that floats includes grit permeable stratum 31, sump pit 32 and drainage component 33, grit permeable stratum 31 sets up the outside at basement 2, and the bottom side of grit permeable stratum 31 is less than the bottom side 0.65m of basement 2 in the high position, can follow grit permeable stratum 31 upwards infiltration when groundwater water level rises, be provided with isolation layer 13 between grit permeable stratum 31 and the basement 2, isolation layer 13 chooses the polyethylene material for use to make, isolation plate top-down sets up towards being close to the slope in the basement 2 outside, the soil packing compaction of ground base layer 1 is passed through in space between isolation plate and the basement 2, the isolation plate separates basement 2 and grit permeable stratum 31, thereby with the groundwater separation in the outside of basement 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the water collecting well 32 is located in the gravel permeable layer 31, the inner wall of the water collecting well 32 is built by concrete, a first connecting pipe 321 is arranged on the side wall of the water collecting well 32 in a penetrating manner, and one end of the first connecting pipe 321 far away from the water collecting well 32 is arranged in the gravel permeable layer 31 in a penetrating manner; the first connecting pipe 321 is located the lateral wall in gravel permeable bed 31 and is connected with a plurality of branch pipes 3211 along length direction, and branch pipe 3211 is linked together with first connecting pipe 321, and the one end that first connecting pipe 321 keeps away from sump pit 32 and the one end that branch pipe 3211 keeps away from first connecting pipe 321 all bond and have filter screen 3212, and the mesh diameter of filter screen 3212 is less than the diameter of gravel. An overflow pipe 322 is communicated with the side wall of the water collecting well 32 at the position where the height of the water collecting well 32 is 1.4m, and one end of the overflow pipe 322 far away from the water collecting well 32 is connected with a sewer pipe. The drainage assembly 33 comprises a water pump 331, and a pumping pipe 332 and a drainage pipe 333 connected to the water pump 331, wherein the water pump 331 is disposed above the foundation layer 1, an end of the pumping pipe 332 remote from the water pump 331 extends into the water collecting well 32, and the drainage pipe 333 is connected to a drainage pipeline (not shown).

Referring to fig. 1, when the groundwater level rises to the height of the branched pipe 3211 and the first connection pipe 321 in the gravel-permeable layer 31, groundwater is collected by flowing into the water collection well 32 through the branched pipe 3211 and the first connection pipe 321. At this time, the water pump 331 works, and the water is pumped out from the water collecting well 32 through the water pumping pipe 332 and is drained into the sewer pipe through the drain pipe 333, so that the possibility that the underground water is accumulated more and more in the basement layer 1 and the basement 2 structure floats upwards is reduced, and the anti-floating pressure relief effect is achieved. When the water level in the sump 32 rises to the overflow pipe 322, the water can be drained into the sewer pipe through the overflow pipe 322, and the possibility that the groundwater cannot be drained in time due to the fact that the water level rises fast in the sump 32 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, be connected with second connecting pipe 334 on drain pipe 333, second connecting pipe 334 includes vertical body 3341 and the horizontal body 3342 of an organic whole connection, be equipped with control flap 3343 on the vertical body 3341, horizontal body 3342 is located basement 2's top, and horizontal body 3342 has set firmly a plurality of atomizer 3344 towards one side of basement 2, a plurality of atomizer 3344 are along horizontal direction evenly distributed of horizontal body 3342, basement 2's top is erect, bracing piece 335 connects the top of fixing at basement 2 through cement mortar, horizontal body 3342 bonds the top of supporting rod 335.

Referring to fig. 1, when dust is more in a construction area above a basement 2, an operator opens a control valve 3343, at this time, groundwater enters a second connecting pipe 334 and is sprayed out in a water mist state through an atomizing nozzle 3344, and the dust is adhered to the water mist and is settled, so that a dust suppression effect is achieved, the groundwater is fully utilized, and water resources are saved.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows:

the construction method of the anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the building basement comprises the following construction steps:

excavating a foundation pit: two adjacent foundation pits are excavated in the foundation layer 1 and are respectively set as a first foundation pit 11 and a second foundation pit 12, and the depth of the first foundation pit 11 is 0.65m deeper than that of the second foundation pit 12;

building the basement 2: laying a layer of polyester film in the second foundation pit 12 along the inner wall of the foundation pit, then forming a bearing wall 21 by concrete masonry, wherein the polyester film forms a waterproof layer 23 on the outer side of the bearing wall 21, a composite layer 211 is preset in the second foundation pit 12 in the masonry process, and the bearing walls 21 on four sides are fixed in the foundation layer 1 to form a basement 2;

laying a gravel permeable layer 31 and building a water collecting well 32: laying gravel in the second foundation pit 12 to form a gravel permeable layer 31, wherein the thickness of the gravel permeable layer 31 is 2.25m, a water collecting well 32 with the depth of 1.5m is preset in the gravel permeable layer 31, the side wall of the water collecting well 32 is formed by pouring concrete, a first connecting pipe 321 and an overflow pipe 322 are preset on the side wall of the water collecting well 32, the first connecting pipe 321 extends into the gravel permeable layer 31, the overflow pipe 322 is arranged at the position of the water collecting well 32 with the height of 1.4m, the overflow pipe 322 is connected with a sewer pipeline, a water pumping pipe 332 penetrates through the water collecting well 32, and one end, far away from the water collecting well 32, of the water pumping pipe 332 is connected with a water pump 331;

and (3) filling and leveling the second foundation pit 12: in second foundation ditch 12 and backfill the soil of basement layer 1 in gravel permeable bed 31's top, until filling up second foundation ditch 12 completely, and set up water pump 331 on basement layer 1, be connected with drain pipe 333 on the water pump 331, drain pipe 333 links to each other with sewer pipe, be connected with second connecting pipe 334 on the drain pipe 333, second connecting pipe 334 includes the vertical body 3341 and the horizontal body 3342 of a body coupling, be equipped with control flap 3343 on the vertical body 3341, horizontal body 3342 is located basement 2's top, and horizontal body 3342 has set firmly a plurality of atomizer 3344 towards one side of basement 2, basement 2's top is erect and is used for supporting the bracing piece 335 of the horizontal body 3342 of second connecting pipe 334, bracing piece 335 connects the top of fixing in basement 2 through cement mortar.

Before laying gravel permeable bed 31 and building sump 32, predetermine the division board in basement 2 one side beyond second foundation ditch 12 to with division board top-down towards being close to basement 2 outside slope setting, then at the soil of the clearance packing basement layer 1 between division board and the basement 2 outside, the division board position is fixed, forms isolation layer 13.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an anti pressure release drainage system that floats of building basement, includes basement layer (1) and sets up basement (2) and anti pressure release mechanism (3) that float in basement layer (1), its characterized in that: the anti-floating pressure relief mechanism (3) comprises a gravel permeable layer (31), a water collecting well (32) and a drainage assembly (33), the inner side wall of the basement (2) is a bearing wall (21) built by concrete, the gravel permeable layer (31) is arranged on the outer side of the basement (2), the bottom side of the gravel permeable layer (31) is lower than the bottom side of the basement (2) by 0.5-0.8m in height position, the water collecting well (32) is located in the gravel permeable layer (31), the inner wall of the water collecting well (32) is built by concrete, a first connecting pipe (321) penetrates through the side wall of the water collecting well (32), and one end, far away from the water collecting well (32), of the first connecting pipe (321) penetrates through the gravel permeable layer (31);

the drainage component (33) comprises a water pump (331), a water pumping pipe (332) and a drainage pipe (333), wherein the water pumping pipe (332) and the drainage pipe (333) are connected with the water pump (331), the water pump (331) is arranged above the foundation layer (1), one end, far away from the water pump (331), of the water pumping pipe (332) extends into the water collecting well (32), and the drainage pipe (333) is connected with a sewer pipeline.

2. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an overflow pipe (322) is communicated with the position, close to the top, on the side wall of the water collecting well (32), and one end, far away from the water collecting well (32), of the overflow pipe (322) is connected with a sewer pipeline.

3. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an isolation layer (13) is arranged between the gravel permeable layer (31) and the basement (2).

4. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the isolation layer (13) is made of polyethylene materials, and the isolation plate is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the outer side close to the basement (2).

5. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waterproof layer (23) is arranged on the outer side of the basement (2), and the waterproof layer (23) is made of a polyester film.

6. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be connected with second connecting pipe (334) on drain pipe (333), second connecting pipe (334) are including vertical body (3341) and horizontal body (3342) of integrative connection, be equipped with control flap (3343) on vertical body (3341), horizontal body (3342) are located the top of basement (2), just horizontal body (3342) have set firmly a plurality of atomizer (3344) towards one side of basement (2), bracing piece (335) that are used for supporting horizontal body (3342) of second connecting pipe (334) are erect to the top of basement (2).

7. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a composite layer (211) is preset in the bearing wall (21), and the composite layer (211) comprises a honeycomb plate layer (2111) and waterproof plate layers (2112) arranged on two sides of the honeycomb plate layer (2111).

8. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: first connecting pipe (321) are located the lateral wall in grit permeable bed (31) and are connected with a plurality of minutes pipe (3211) along length direction on, the one end that sump pit (32) were kept away from in first connecting pipe (321) and the one end of keeping away from first connecting pipe (321) in minute pipe (3211) all are equipped with filter screen (3212), the mesh diameter of filter screen (3212) is less than the diameter of grit.

9. The construction method of the anti-floating, pressure-relief and pressure-relief drainage system for the basement of the building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the construction method comprises the following construction steps:

excavating a foundation pit: two adjacent foundation pits are excavated in the foundation layer (1) and are respectively set as a first foundation pit (11) and a second foundation pit (12), and the depth of the first foundation pit (11) is 0.5-0.8m deeper than that of the second foundation pit (12);

building the basement (2): laying a layer of polyester film in the second foundation pit (12) along the inner wall of the foundation pit, then building the foundation pit through concrete to form a bearing wall (21), forming a waterproof layer (23) on the outer side of the bearing wall (21) by the polyester film, presetting a composite layer (211) in the second foundation pit (12) in the building process, and fixedly enclosing a basement (2) by the four-side bearing wall (21) in the foundation layer (1);

laying a gravel permeable layer (31) and building a water collecting well (32): paving gravel in the second foundation pit to form a gravel permeable layer (31), wherein the thickness of the gravel permeable layer (31) is 2-2.5m, a water collecting well (32) with the depth of 1.5m is preset in the gravel permeable layer (31), the side wall of the water collecting well (32) is formed by pouring concrete, a first connecting pipe (321) and an overflow pipe (322) are preset on the side wall of the water collecting well (32), the first connecting pipe (321) extends into the gravel permeable layer (31), the overflow pipe (322) is arranged at the position where the height of the water collecting well (32) is 1.4m, the overflow pipe (322) is connected with a sewer pipeline, a water pumping pipe (332) penetrates through the water collecting well (32), and one end, far away from the water collecting well (32), of the water pumping pipe (332) is connected with a water pump (331);

filling and leveling the second foundation pit (12): backfilling soil of the foundation layer (1) in the second foundation pit (12) above the gravel permeable layer (31) until the second foundation pit (12) is completely filled, arranging a water pump (331) on the foundation layer (1), connecting a drain pipe (333) on the water pump (331), connecting the drain pipe (333) with a sewer pipeline, connecting a second connecting pipe (334) on the drain pipe (333), wherein the second connecting pipe (334) comprises a vertical pipe body (3341) and a horizontal pipe body (3342) which are integrally connected, arranging a control valve (3343) on the vertical pipe body (3341), arranging the horizontal pipe body (3342) above the basement (2), fixedly arranging a plurality of atomizing nozzles (3344) on one side of the horizontal pipe body (3342) facing the basement (2), arranging a supporting rod (335) for supporting the horizontal pipe body (3342) of the second connecting pipe (334) above the basement (2), the supporting rod (335) is fixed above the basement (2) through cement mortar.

10. The anti-floating pressure relief and pressure reduction drainage system for the basement (2) of the building as claimed in claim 9, wherein: before laying gravel permeable bed (31) and building sump pit (32), predetermine the division board in one side that basement (2) surpass second foundation ditch (12) to set up division board top-down towards being close to basement (2) outside slope, then at the soil of the clearance packing ground basic unit (1) between division board and basement (2) outside, the division board position is fixed, forms isolation layer (13).