CN111750539A

CN111750539A - Vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system

Info

Publication number: CN111750539A
Application number: CN202010775308.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李�杰
Original assignee: Guangxi Shengjing New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Shengjing New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2020-10-09

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system. At present, the vehicle-mounted photoelectric and photo-thermal system in the market cannot track after the sun, so that the low power generation and heat collection efficiency is caused, the problem of the endurance mileage of a new energy vehicle cannot be solved, the integrated technology of the photoelectric and photo-thermal system is lacked in the market, so that the vehicle-mounted photoelectric and photo-thermal system cannot track after the sun and has practical value when the photoelectric conversion rate is difficult to effectively improve in a short period, and the technical problem to be solved urgently is solved. The invention provides a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic charging system and a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional non-induction type photoelectric and photo-thermal tracking system which are respectively constructed by adopting different combinations of a box body, an intelligent electric column, a supporting column and a fixed or movable support, so that the technical problems are well solved, and the power generation and heat collection efficiency of the solar photovoltaic solar tracking system is increased by about 60 percent on average.

Description

Vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system.

Background

With the development and progress of new energy automobile technology, the new energy automobile can be widely popularized to replace a fuel automobile in the future, but the shortage of endurance mileage is a technical problem which puzzles the smooth development of pure electric automobiles, although some new energy automobiles adopt thin-film solar cells to increase the endurance mileage, the requirements of the new energy automobiles are difficult to meet due to the defects of low generating capacity and incapability of pursuing the sun, the induction tracking technology cannot be applied to the new energy automobiles due to the defects of high cost, complex technology and large volume, in addition, the temperature of the automobiles which are parked and exposed to the sun in summer is extremely high, the damage of facilities in the automobiles is easy to cause even the spontaneous combustion of automobile bodies, and the outdoor activity market is lack of a photoelectric and photothermal integrated system, so that the endurance mileage is relieved, the spontaneous combustion of the automobile bodies is avoided, and when outdoor activities are carried out in areas without open flames, how to solve the problems of electricity consumption and diet is an urgent technical problem to be solved for new energy vehicles.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking integrated photoelectric and photothermal system, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system comprises a solar angle controller, photovoltaic panels, a heat collecting device, a support, a driving device, a storage battery and boxes, wherein the photovoltaic panels are horizontally arranged in the two boxes, the photovoltaic panels are connected in series or in parallel to charge the storage battery, the photovoltaic panel is arranged into a roof type and a ground type, the roof type refers to that a box body is movably arranged on a luggage rack of a roof by adopting a bracket, the box is movably provided with universal wheels and a flow distribution plate with air resistance, the flow distribution plate is arranged at one end of the box body facing a vehicle head when the box bracket is arranged on the luggage rack, the upper part and the lower part of the inner side of the two boxes at one end of the flow distribution plate are respectively and fixedly provided with a cross beam, bolt holes are arranged on the cross beam, the flow distribution plate is fixed by bolts, the flow distribution plate is in an arch shape, and, the cross section is polygonal with arc, the splitter plate is fixed on a box body or a keel, the keel is a support frame, the shape of the keel is the same as that of the splitter plate and is also arched, the keel comprises longitudinal beams and cross beams, a raised part in the middle of the keel is fixed on the box body through a support rod bolt, two boxes are connected by hinges, the bottom of each box is fixedly provided with Z beams, each beam is fixedly provided with X buckles, Z polygonal or circular pipes penetrate through the X buckles, two ends of each Z buckle are fixed on a support through bolts, the photovoltaic plate in each box is arranged by fixedly arranging beams with h-shaped cross sections on the periphery of each box, door fasteners or Y bolts of door bolts are arranged on the beams, the bottoms of four sides of the photovoltaic plate are supported on the bottom surface of the beam, four frames on the upper part are flush with the short sides of the beam, the bolts or door fasteners of the Y door bolts are correspondingly arranged, and the door bolts and the h-shaped beams, the ground-type installation is a mode of unloading boxes after a vehicle arrives at a destination and reassembling the boxes on the ground, and the mode is divided into two different modes of 1-dimension or 2-dimension sun-chasing, and in the mode of 1-dimension sun-chasing, the mode is divided into two different types of driving devices with inclination angle only and driving devices or without driving devices with azimuth angle only, wherein a 1-dimension tracking system with a driving device mainly comprises a support and a driving device, the support is a detachable polygonal or circular hollow pipe and is divided into K sections, when K is more than 1, each section is in threaded connection, a T-shaped hollow pipe with a hinged component or a circular ring component at the top end is inserted into the support and then is fixed by a bolt, two ends of a beam are respectively provided with a hole, the bottom of the beam is provided with a component of a hinged device which is the same as the T-shaped hollow pipe, and the component at the bottom of the beam is hinged or connected with the T-shaped, the driving device is fixed at the top end of a support column through a bolt, the driving device is a liftable intelligent electric column, a column body of the intelligent electric column mainly comprises a polygonal or circular nut, a shaft with threads and a T-shaped hollow pipe, two ends of the top of the T-shaped hollow pipe are respectively provided with a hole which is fixed on the nut to form a whole, the nut moves up and down along the shaft, in a 2-dimensional sun-chasing mode, the support columns are totally N, one of the support columns is fixedly installed, the rest of the support columns are movably installed, the movable support columns rotate around the fixed support columns according to a circular track, the movable support columns are the same detachable hollow pipes, universal wheels or pulleys are installed at the bottoms of the sections of the bottommost layers of the movable support columns, the two T-shaped hollow pipes are in a group and hinged with each other or connected with each other through a shaft to form a hinge device, the column body of the intelligent electric column mainly comprises a shaft and a hollow pipe, the hollow pipe is fixed on the shaft and rotates along with the shaft without moving up and down, the driving device is fixed at the top end of the hollow pipe of the column body of the intelligent electric column through a bolt, the driving device only rotates along with the hollow pipe of the column body in a 2-dimensional sun tracking mode, a polygonal or circular hollow pipe which is movably provided with N-1 groups of L-shaped supports is sleeved at the top end of the driving device through the bolt and is fixedly connected, holes are formed in the L-shaped supports, connecting beams are movably arranged between the fixed supports and each movable support and between the movable supports, the column bodies of all the intelligent electric columns are fixed on a base, the driving is carried out through a combination of a motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism which are fixed in the base, and a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the system to form a sun tracking type photoelectric system, the solar heat collecting device is installed to form a sun tracking type photo-thermal system, the photo-thermal system and the single-tube solar furnace are installed simultaneously to form a photoelectric photo-thermal integrated system, the photo-thermal system is a solar furnace and is divided into two different types of a multi-tube type and a single-tube type, the single-tube type solar furnace is divided into two different types of a square type and a rectangular type, when the photovoltaic panel or the single-tube type solar furnace is installed on a support and a driving device, in a 1-dimensional tracking mode, hollow tubes at the bottom of the solar furnace are inserted into holes in a hinge device and the driving device to be fixed through bolts, the multi-tube type solar furnace is fixed on a beam, two ends of the beam are respectively installed on the hinge device and the driving device, when the number of the photovoltaic panels is larger than 1, the outer side of a frame at the joint of the two photovoltaic panels is fastened into a whole through bolts or door fasteners, and in a 2-dimensional tracking mode, the photovoltaic panel The solar furnace is fixed on a movably assembled bracket, the bracket is arranged on the photovoltaic panel and is parallel to the photovoltaic panel and is fixed on the frame of the photovoltaic panel, in the process of 1-dimensional tracking without a driving device, the structure of the bracket is the same as that of a 2-dimensional tracking mode, but no driving device is arranged, an L-shaped bracket is directly fixed at the top end of an intelligent electric column, the photovoltaic panel is respectively fixed on a T-shaped tube and an L-shaped bracket of a movable supporting column and is in an inclined state with the ground, the installation mode of the solar furnace is the same as that of the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the angle adjustment of a photovoltaic power generation system or a photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated system is used for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel and is controlled by a solar angle controller provided with an embedded angle sensor, and the solar angle controller is an intelligent control device for controlling the angle change of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing time timing, the solar angle controller and the photovoltaic panel are arranged on the same horizontal plane, when the solar angle controller receives an angle adjusting signal when the time reaches a preset adjusting moment, the solar angle controller controls the motor control module to make the angle detection module rotate to enable the photovoltaic panel to finish horizontal or inclined motion according to the input angle value, and the intelligent electric column finishes horizontal or stretching or shrinking motion along with the rotation of the motor, the method comprises the following steps that when a photovoltaic panel is pushed to rotate to a preset position, analog quantity output by an angle sensor is converted by an analog-digital converter and then sent to a main controller, the main controller judges whether the photovoltaic panel rotates to a preset angle according to the input, and controls a control module of a motor according to the input, so that the angle is adjusted once, and the specific implementation mode of the electronic compass for adjusting the azimuth angle is that on the scale of the electronic compass, the north side is at the position where the scale is 0 degree, the east side is at the position where the scale is 90 degrees, the south side is at the position where the scale is 180 degrees, the west side is at the position where the scale is 270 degrees, and azimuth angle values and analog voltage values in the aspects of east, west, south and east and west are respectively 90 degrees and theta volt; 270 °, ζ volts; 180 DEG, beta volts; the azimuth angle is 0-180 degrees or 180-360 degrees in the morning or afternoon, and when the analog voltage value changes in the interval of eta-beta or beta-theta, the azimuth angle can be adjusted to face the east or west at any moment according to the input azimuth angle value or analog voltage value; in a multiple adjustment mode within 1 day of inclination angle, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F in the morning; in the noon time period, the inclination angle is fixed and unchanged, in the afternoon time period, the calculated inclination angle value required to be regulated each time is pre-inputted into a storage module of a controller together with a corresponding analog voltage value or regulation time, the specific implementation mode is that when the angle sensor is in a horizontal position and has an angle of 0 degree, the output end Vo outputs an analog voltage of A volts, when the angle sensor and the horizontal plane have a maximum inclination angle value psi, the output end Vo outputs an analog voltage of B volts, when the angle sensor is changed in an interval of 0-psi or psi-180 degrees, the output end Vo outputs a voltage which is changed from A volts to B volts or from B volts to A volts, therefore, the included angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane can be determined by measuring the voltage of the output end Vo of the angle sensor, when the storage battery supplies power to the automobile air conditioner, will link to each other through an automatic switch converter and vehicle air conditioner and provide electric power for vehicle air conditioner, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a photoelectric sensing device is not needed, and a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic charging system and a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional non-induction type photoelectric and photo-thermal tracking system are constructed by adopting different combinations of a box body, an intelligent electric column, a supporting column and a fixed or movable support; the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel adopts time timing and a solar angle controller for control, the solar angle controller is a method for intelligently driving the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel to move horizontally to the east or to the west or rotating the inclination angle from the east to the west by controlling an intelligent electric column according to the time timing, thereby adjusting the azimuth angle or the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel to change along with the change of the time, the adjustment sequence is that the azimuth angle is adjusted first and the inclination angle is adjusted later, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is controlled to rotate to the east or to the west by the solar angle controller according to a signal output by a GPS or an electronic compass module, the adjustment of the inclination angle has two different methods of an input method and a calculation method, the input method is that an inclination angle value which is required to be adjusted and calculated by adopting a maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method is input into a storage module of the controller together with the corresponding adjustment time in advance, the maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method is a method for carrying out arithmetic mean on the maximum included angle formed by the photovoltaic panel in the morning and in the afternoon according to the adjusting times, the time timing is three times or more in a day, the adjusting time period tracked by 2-dimension or 1-dimension with a driving device is divided into three time periods of the morning, the noon and the afternoon, three times of adjustment in a day, the morning time period, the photovoltaic panel surface faces the east, the inclination angle is maximum, the noon time period, and the photovoltaic panel is horizontal; in the afternoon period, the photovoltaic panel faces towards the west, the inclination angle is the largest, the multiple adjustment refers to that the azimuth angle is adjusted once every E minutes in two periods of the morning or afternoon, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the photovoltaic panel in the input method is arithmetically and averagely divided into F times, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the photovoltaic panel in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is an integer number series value, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; during the afternoon hours, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F each time, gamma is the angle value at the previous moment of adjustment, and each time the azimuth angle is adjusted, the inclination angles are all returned to the initial positions, the solar angle controller without the driving device and with 1-dimensional tracking is horizontally installed, the number of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in a day, the adjustment time is calculated according to the interval D minutes, the automatic switch converter has the functions of automatic switching and automatic resetting and is divided into two types of integrated automatic change-over switches and molded case circuit breakers, the automatic switch converter preferentially uses a storage battery for photovoltaic power generation to supply power, when the voltage or current Q of the main power supply is higher than the voltage or current Q value of a set threshold value, the main power supply is automatically switched on, and the standby power supply is standby; when the main power supply fails or the voltage or the current of the main power supply is lower than the voltage or the current I value of a set threshold, the standby power supply is put into use; when the voltage of the main power supply is recovered to the voltage or current Q value of a set threshold, the standby power supply is automatically stopped, the main power supply is switched to the power supply again, the Q value is larger than the I value, but the standby power supply is lower than the set protection threshold, the power supply can be automatically cut off even if the Q value is smaller than the I value, when a storage battery is used for supplying power, the power is supplied for K minutes every W minutes, and K is smaller than W, the multi-tube solar furnace is R vacuum heat collecting tubes, the solar furnace formed by being arranged in a box, the multi-tube solar furnace, the inner sides of the box bottom and the wall are all plates coated with reflecting materials, the bottom surface of the box bottom is provided with a hollow tube with an interface, four corners of the inner side of the box bottom are respectively and fixedly provided with an n-shaped or h-shaped bracket, the box is divided into a plurality of polygonal or circular lattices, the box is, the upper layer and the lower layer are connected by hinges, the bottom of the box wall is hinged on the box bottom, the box wall is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the two sections are connected by hinges, the lower section is a quadrangle and the height is the sum of the heights of the bracket and the grid-shaped box, the upper section is a combination of a trapezoid or a trapezoid and a triangle, the box wall is supported by a rod after being opened, two ends of the rod are respectively connected with the upper section of the box wall and the grid-shaped box, so that the box wall and the box bottom are in an inclined state, the inner container with the cover is movably placed in the evacuated solar collector tubes, a plurality of evacuated solar collector tubes are fixed on the polygon or circular grids in the box, the evacuated solar collector tubes of the square solar furnace in the single tube type are in a quadrangle shape, the evacuated solar collector tubes of the rectangular solar furnace are in a circular shape, the evacuated solar collector tubes of the square furnace are installed in the, the square lattice-shaped box in the box is fixed on the support, the cover of the box is arranged on the side, one end of the box is hinged with the box wall through a hinge, the other end of the box is fastened on the box wall through a buckle, the inner container is made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy and is a polygonal or circular uncovered box with a frame, the side edge of the box is provided with a circular interface, the interface is internally provided with a thread and is movably connected with a handle, the inner container is movably arranged in the square vacuum heat collecting tube, the vacuum heat collecting tube of the rectangular solar furnace in the single tube type is circular and comprises a light collecting mirror and a vacuum heat collecting hollow tube, the light collecting mirror is a plate coated with a reflecting material, the mirror surface has two types of a flat plate type and a parabolic type, the two pieces are spliced and integrated into a triangular or parabolic light collecting mirror, each type of mirror surface has N pieces, and each type of mirror surface is arranged in the framework of each piece, x skeletons protrude out of the edge of the light-collecting mirror, the end of the X skeletons is provided with a thread structure, the X skeletons in two corresponding light-collecting mirrors are staggered, one tubular beam with a polygonal cross section is provided with 2X holes respectively penetrating through two sides, M holes penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface, each movable thread of the X skeletons is connected with a hollow tube, the hollow tube is fixed on the tubular beam in a bolt fixing or non-bolt fixing mode, the rear end of the hollow tube in the bolt fixing or non-bolt fixing mode is provided with a fixing component, the front end of the hollow tube is provided with a round hole or an elastic fastener, the distance between the fixing component and the round hole or the elastic fastener is the same as the width of the tubular beam, when the two light-collecting mirrors are spliced, the hollow tubes in two different fixing modes are respectively inserted into the 2X holes on each side of the tubular beam, the bolt fixing or the elastic fastener is fixed on two, the structure of the hollow tube at the bottom and the fixing mode with the tubular beam are the same as the hollow tube of the X-shaped framework, but the distance between the fixing component and the round hole or the elastic fastener is the same as the thickness of the tubular beam, after the hollow tube of the bracket is inserted into the M holes on the surface of the tubular beam, the bolt is fixed or the elastic fastener is fixed on the bottom of the tubular beam, the vacuum heat collecting tube is erected at the top ends of the M brackets and fastened on the brackets, an inner liner tube is inserted in the heat collecting tube, the tube is divided into a plurality of lattices, a hollow tube with an interface is movably arranged at the bottom of the tubular beam, the components of the hinge device are composed of 1 bottom plate and C polygonal vertical plates, one end of each vertical plate with an arc is provided with a hole, the other end is welded and fixed on the bottom plate, and the components of the hinge device are movably or fixedly connected by bolts when C =1 or 2, and form a hinge device when C > 2.

The vehicle-mounted photoelectric and photothermal integrated system with non-inductive tracking provided by the invention provides a tracking technology without a photoelectric sensor at 1 latitude or 2 latitude, is different from the known fixed support technology and the inductive tracking technology, can integrate the photoelectric and photothermal systems into a whole, can directly supply power to a storage battery when a solar furnace works, is convenient to carry, has simple technology, low cost and high cost performance, solves the problems of power consumption and eating difficulty in outdoor activities, avoids the occurrence of vehicle body spontaneous combustion accidents caused by overhigh temperature in a vehicle due to exposure to burning sun, and more importantly solves the technical problems to be solved urgently in the field of photoelectric and photothermal systems, namely the photoelectric and photothermal systems can not only catch up the sun, but also can be carried conveniently and have practical value. Compared with the photoelectric and photo-thermal system without sun tracking function, the solar energy collecting and generating system has the advantages that the generating efficiency and the heat collecting efficiency are increased by about 60 percent on average, and the solar energy collecting and generating system has good economic benefit and ecological benefit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan top view of a 1-dimensional sun-tracking surface-mounted assembly: symbol 1 is a photovoltaic panel, symbol 2 is a pillar, symbol 3 is a beam, symbol 4 is a door latch bolt of a door bolt, symbol 5 is a driving device, symbol 6 is a tubular beam, symbol 7 is a vacuum heat collecting tube, and symbol 8 is a heat collecting panel; fig. 2 is a front view: symbol 9 is a hollow tube on the photovoltaic panel or the tubular beam; fig. 3 is a left-right side view: symbol 10 is a T-shaped pipe, symbol 11 is a hinge device formed by hinging a beam with the T-shaped pipe, and symbol 12 is a connecting beam; fig. 4 is a plan top view of a 2-dimensional sun-tracking surface-mounted assembly: symbol 1 is a driving device, symbol 2 is a movable support, symbol 3 is a hollow tube with an L-shaped support, symbol 4 is an L-shaped support, symbol 5 is a hollow tube on a photovoltaic panel or a solar furnace tubular beam, symbol 6 is a connecting beam between a fixed support and the movable support as well as between the movable supports, symbol 7 is a photovoltaic panel, symbol 8 is a solar furnace, symbol 9 is a T-shaped tube; FIG. 5 is a front view of a 2-dimensional ground-based assembly; fig. 6 is a side view of a 2-dimensional sun-tracking ground-based assembly: reference numeral 10 denotes a hinge device between T-shaped pipes, reference numeral 11 denotes a universal wheel or a pulley, reference numeral 12 denotes a fixing post, i.e., an intelligent electric post, and fig. 7 is a plan view of the multi-tube solar furnace when it is stored: the symbol 15 is a box wall with a trapezoidal upper layer, and the symbol 14 is a box wall with a triangular upper layer; FIG. 8 is a plan view of the multi-tube type solar furnace in operation: symbol 16 is a lid in the box, symbol 17 is a longitudinal beam of the lid, symbol 18 is a cross beam of the lid, symbol 19 is an evacuated collector tube, and fig. 9 is a front view of an operating state of the multi-tube type solar furnace: reference numeral 20 is a support bar of the wall, reference numeral 21 is a bottom layer of the box fixedly mounted on the bracket, and reference numeral 22 is the bracket.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The angle is adjusted three times or more within one day, the time period of 2-dimensional or 1-dimensional tracking adjustment with a driving device is divided into three time periods of morning, noon and afternoon, the three times of adjustment within one day, the morning time period, the photovoltaic panel face to the east, the inclination angle is the largest, the noon time period and the photovoltaic panel is horizontal; in the afternoon period, the photovoltaic panel faces towards the west, the inclination angle is the largest, the multiple adjustment refers to that the azimuth angle is adjusted once every E minutes in two periods of the morning or afternoon, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the photovoltaic panel in the input method is arithmetically and averagely divided into F times, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the photovoltaic panel in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is an integer number series value, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; in the afternoon, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F every time, gamma is the angle value of the previous time, the inclination angle is returned to the initial position every time the azimuth angle is adjusted, the solar angle controller without the driving device and with 1-dimensional tracking is horizontally installed, the number of times of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in one day, and the adjustment time is calculated according to D minutes every interval.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the sun tracking system is a ground-type assembled 1-dimensional photoelectric and photothermal integrated sun tracking system, when people go to outdoor activities, the solar furnace on the roof can work all the time, the photovoltaic panel 1 is unloaded integrally or independently after the solar furnace reaches an outdoor place, the sun tracking system is assembled again, the top end of the support column 2 is spliced and formed and is inserted into a T-shaped pipe 10 for bolt fixation, the top end of the T-shaped pipe 10 is hinged or connected with the beam 3 through a shaft to form a hinge device 11, a driving device 5 and the support column 2 are arranged in an east-west direction and are provided with connecting beams 12, hollow pipes 9 are arranged at two ends of the photovoltaic panel 1, two joints are fastened by door fasteners and bolts 4 of door bolts, framework ends of the solar furnace are inserted into holes at two sides of a pipe beam 6, door fasteners and bolts 4 of the door bolts at two sides of the pipe beam 6 penetrate through a component to be fastened on the pipe beam 6, a component at the bottom of a vacuum, then, a door buckle or a bolt 4 of a door bolt on the bottom surface of a tubular beam 6 penetrates through a member to be fastened on the tubular beam 6, an evacuated collector tube 7 is erected at the top end of a support, two terminals are fastened on the support, an inner tube is inserted into the collector tube, a photovoltaic panel 1 and a hollow tube 9 movably installed on the tubular beam 6 are respectively inserted into holes of a beam 3 and a driving device 5 to be fixed through bolts, solar furnaces are installed at two ends, a photoelectric and photothermal system with 1-dimensional tracking is built, the angle of the photoelectric and solar furnaces is adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, a solar angle controller is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 1, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 1 is adjusted by adopting a maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method, a specific adjustment mode refers to 0008 section, after the power supply is turned off after the adjustment, the photovoltaic panel returns to a horizontal state, the solar furnace is taken down, and support posts and support rods of, the solar tracking system is converted into a picnic table.

Referring to fig. 4-9, a ground-type assembled 2-dimensional photoelectric and photothermal integrated sun tracking system is disclosed, firstly fixing an intelligent electric column 12 on a foundation, assembling movable pillars 2, installing a connecting beam 6 on the members of each pillar for bolt fixation, hinging the top end of each movable pillar 2 by adopting two T-shaped pipes 9 to form a hinging device, fixing a driving device 1 on the top end of the intelligent electric column by bolts, fixing an L-shaped bracket 4 on a hollow pipe 3 by bolts, sleeving the hollow pipe 3 on the driving device 1 for bolt fixation, opening the

box walls

14 and 15 when installing a multi-pipe solar furnace, fastening a supporting rod 20 between the box bottom and the

box walls

14 and 15, completing the installation of the multi-pipe solar furnace, inserting the photovoltaic panel and the hollow pipes 5 at the two ends of the solar furnace into the T-shaped pipes 9 of the movable pillars 2 or the holes of the L-shaped bracket 4 on the driving device for bolt fixation, thereby constructing a 2, the moving support 2 will perform a compass movement around the fixed support 12. The angle adjustment of the photoelectric and photo-thermal device is to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 7, the solar angle controller is adopted for controlling, the solar angle controller is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the middle photovoltaic panel, firstly, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel 7 is adjusted, the solar angle controller controls the intelligent electric column 12 to rotate, the connecting beam 6 drives the movable supporting column 2 to move, then, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel 7 is adjusted in place, and then, the controller starts the driving device 1 to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 7. The specific adjustment mode is consistent with the 1-dimensional sun tracking adjustment mode of the sections 0008-0009. After the work is stopped, the power switch is turned off, the photovoltaic panel returns to the horizontal state, the solar furnace is taken down, the supporting column and the supporting rods of the photovoltaic panel connected with the two sides of the driving device are supported, and the sun tracking system is converted into a picnic table.

The electricity generated by the roof type photovoltaic charging system solves the problems of charging of a storage battery of a new energy vehicle and insufficient power supply of an air conditioner in the vehicle, can relieve the problem of endurance mileage, and avoids vehicle body spontaneous combustion accidents caused by overhigh temperature in the vehicle due to exposure to burning sun in summer, and the charging mode is also suitable for the current fuel vehicles. When the storage battery supplies power to the automobile air conditioner, the storage battery is connected with the automobile air conditioner through an automatic switch converter to supply power to the automobile air conditioner, the automatic switch converter has the function of automatic switching and automatic resetting and is divided into two types of integrated automatic transfer switches and molded case circuit breakers, the automatic switch converter preferentially uses the storage battery for power generation of a solar battery, namely the solar battery generates power to supply power to a main power supply, the vehicle-mounted battery is a standby power supply, and when the voltage or current Q of the main power supply is higher than the voltage or current Q value of a set threshold value, the main power supply is automatically switched in and the standby power supply is standby; when the main power supply fails or the voltage or the current of the main power supply is lower than the voltage or the current I value of a set threshold, the standby power supply is put into use; when the voltage of the main power supply is recovered to the voltage or current Q value of the set threshold value, the standby power supply is automatically stopped, the main power supply is switched to supply power again, the Q value is larger than the I value, when the standby power supply is lower than the set protection threshold value, the power can be automatically cut off even if the Q value is smaller than the I value, when the storage battery is used for supplying power, the power is supplied for K minutes every W minutes, and K is smaller than W.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking photoelectric and photothermal integrated system comprises a solar angle controller, photovoltaic panels, a heat collecting device, a support, a driving device, a storage battery and boxes, wherein the photovoltaic panels are horizontally arranged in the two boxes, the photovoltaic panels are connected in series or in parallel to charge the storage battery, the photovoltaic panel is arranged into a roof type and a ground type, the roof type refers to that a box body is movably arranged on a luggage rack of a roof by adopting a bracket, the box is movably provided with universal wheels and a flow distribution plate with air resistance, the flow distribution plate is arranged at one end of the box body facing a vehicle head when the box bracket is arranged on the luggage rack, the upper part and the lower part of the inner side of the two boxes at one end of the flow distribution plate are respectively and fixedly provided with a cross beam, bolt holes are arranged on the cross beam, the flow distribution plate is fixed by bolts, the flow distribution plate is in an arch shape, and, the cross section is polygonal with arc, the splitter plate is fixed on a box body or a keel, the keel is a support frame, the shape of the keel is the same as that of the splitter plate and is also arched, the keel comprises longitudinal beams and cross beams, a raised part in the middle of the keel is fixed on the box body through a support rod bolt, two boxes are connected by hinges, the bottom of each box is fixedly provided with Z beams, each beam is fixedly provided with X buckles, Z polygonal or circular pipes penetrate through the X buckles, two ends of each Z buckle are fixed on a support through bolts, the photovoltaic plate in each box is arranged by fixedly arranging beams with h-shaped cross sections on the periphery of each box, door fasteners or Y bolts of door bolts are arranged on the beams, the bottoms of four sides of the photovoltaic plate are supported on the bottom surface of the beam, four frames on the upper part are flush with the short sides of the beam, the bolts or door fasteners of the Y door bolts are correspondingly arranged, and the door bolts and the h-shaped beams, the ground-type installation is a mode of unloading boxes after a vehicle arrives at a destination and reassembling the boxes on the ground, and the mode is divided into two different modes of 1-dimension or 2-dimension sun-chasing, and in the mode of 1-dimension sun-chasing, the mode is divided into two different types of driving devices with inclination angle only and driving devices or without driving devices with azimuth angle only, wherein a 1-dimension tracking system with a driving device mainly comprises a support and a driving device, the support is a detachable polygonal or circular hollow pipe and is divided into K sections, when K is more than 1, each section is in threaded connection, a T-shaped hollow pipe with a hinged component or a circular ring component at the top end is inserted into the support and then is fixed by a bolt, two ends of a beam are respectively provided with a hole, the bottom of the beam is provided with a component of a hinged device which is the same as the T-shaped hollow pipe, and the component at the bottom of the beam is hinged or connected with the T-shaped, the driving device is fixed at the top end of a support column through a bolt, the driving device is a liftable intelligent electric column, a column body of the intelligent electric column mainly comprises a polygonal or circular nut, a shaft with threads and a T-shaped hollow pipe, two ends of the top of the T-shaped hollow pipe are respectively provided with a hole which is fixed on the nut to form a whole, the nut moves up and down along the shaft, in a 2-dimensional sun-chasing mode, the support columns are totally N, one of the support columns is fixedly installed, the rest of the support columns are movably installed, the movable support columns rotate around the fixed support columns according to a circular track, the movable support columns are the same detachable hollow pipes, universal wheels or pulleys are installed at the bottoms of the sections of the bottommost layers of the movable support columns, the two T-shaped hollow pipes are in a group and hinged with each other or connected with each other through a shaft to form a hinge device, the column body of the intelligent electric column mainly comprises a shaft and a hollow pipe, the hollow pipe is fixed on the shaft and rotates along with the shaft without moving up and down, the driving device is fixed at the top end of the hollow pipe of the column body of the intelligent electric column through a bolt, the driving device only rotates along with the hollow pipe of the column body in a 2-dimensional sun tracking mode, a polygonal or circular hollow pipe which is movably provided with N-1 groups of L-shaped supports is sleeved at the top end of the driving device through the bolt and is fixedly connected, holes are formed in the L-shaped supports, connecting beams are movably arranged between the fixed supports and each movable support and between the movable supports, the column bodies of all the intelligent electric columns are fixed on a base, the driving is carried out through a combination of a motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism which are fixed in the base, and a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the system to form a sun tracking type photoelectric system, the solar heat collecting device is installed to form a sun tracking type photo-thermal system, the photo-thermal system and the single-tube solar furnace are installed simultaneously to form a photoelectric photo-thermal integrated system, the photo-thermal system is a solar furnace and is divided into two different types of a multi-tube type and a single-tube type, the single-tube type solar furnace is divided into two different types of a square type and a rectangular type, when the photovoltaic panel or the single-tube type solar furnace is installed on a support and a driving device, in a 1-dimensional tracking mode, hollow tubes at the bottom of the solar furnace are inserted into holes in a hinge device and the driving device to be fixed through bolts, the multi-tube type solar furnace is fixed on a beam, two ends of the beam are respectively installed on the hinge device and the driving device, when the number of the photovoltaic panels is larger than 1, the outer side of a frame at the joint of the two photovoltaic panels is fastened into a whole through bolts or door fasteners, and in a 2-dimensional tracking mode, the photovoltaic panel The solar furnace is fixed on a movably assembled bracket, the bracket is arranged on the photovoltaic panel and is parallel to the photovoltaic panel and is fixed on the frame of the photovoltaic panel, in the process of 1-dimensional tracking without a driving device, the structure of the bracket is the same as that of a 2-dimensional tracking mode, but no driving device is arranged, an L-shaped bracket is directly fixed at the top end of an intelligent electric column, the photovoltaic panel is respectively fixed on a T-shaped tube and an L-shaped bracket of a movable supporting column and is in an inclined state with the ground, the installation mode of the solar furnace is the same as that of the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the angle adjustment of a photovoltaic power generation system or a photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated system is used for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel and is controlled by a solar angle controller provided with an embedded angle sensor, and the solar angle controller is an intelligent control device for controlling the angle change of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing time timing, the solar angle controller and the photovoltaic panel are arranged on the same horizontal plane, when the solar angle controller receives an angle adjusting signal when the time reaches a preset adjusting moment, the solar angle controller controls the motor control module to make the angle detection module rotate to enable the photovoltaic panel to finish horizontal or inclined motion according to the input angle value, and the intelligent electric column finishes horizontal or stretching or shrinking motion along with the rotation of the motor, the method comprises the following steps that when a photovoltaic panel is pushed to rotate to a preset position, analog quantity output by an angle sensor is converted by an analog-digital converter and then sent to a main controller, the main controller judges whether the photovoltaic panel rotates to a preset angle according to the input, and controls a control module of a motor according to the input, so that the angle is adjusted once, and the specific implementation mode of the electronic compass for adjusting the azimuth angle is that on the scale of the electronic compass, the north side is at the position where the scale is 0 degree, the east side is at the position where the scale is 90 degrees, the south side is at the position where the scale is 180 degrees, the west side is at the position where the scale is 270 degrees, and azimuth angle values and analog voltage values in the aspects of east, west, south and east and west are respectively 90 degrees and theta volt; 270 °, ζ volts; 180 DEG, beta volts; the azimuth angle is 0-180 degrees or 180-360 degrees in the morning or afternoon, and when the analog voltage value changes in the interval of eta-beta or beta-theta, the azimuth angle can be adjusted to face the east or west at any moment according to the input azimuth angle value or analog voltage value; in a multiple adjustment mode within 1 day of inclination angle, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F in the morning; in the noon time period, the inclination angle is fixed and unchanged, in the afternoon time period, the calculated inclination angle value required to be regulated each time is pre-inputted into a storage module of a controller together with a corresponding analog voltage value or regulation time, the specific implementation mode is that when the angle sensor is in a horizontal position and has an angle of 0 degree, the output end Vo outputs an analog voltage of A volts, when the angle sensor and the horizontal plane have a maximum inclination angle value psi, the output end Vo outputs an analog voltage of B volts, when the angle sensor is changed in an interval of 0-psi or psi-180 degrees, the output end Vo outputs a voltage which is changed from A volts to B volts or from B volts to A volts, therefore, the included angle between the photovoltaic panel and the horizontal plane can be determined by measuring the voltage of the output end Vo of the angle sensor, when the storage battery supplies power to the automobile air conditioner, will link to each other through an automatic switch converter and vehicle air conditioner and provide electric power for vehicle air conditioner, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a photoelectric sensing device is not needed, and a vehicle-mounted photovoltaic charging system and a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional non-induction type photoelectric and photo-thermal tracking system are constructed by adopting different combinations of a box body, an intelligent electric column, a supporting column and a fixed or movable support; the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is controlled by adopting a solar angle controller through time timing.

2. The vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system according to claim 1, wherein: the solar angle controller is a method for adjusting the azimuth angle or the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel to change along with the change of time by controlling the intelligent electric column to intelligently drive the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel to move horizontally to the east or to the west or rotate the inclination angle from the east to the west according to the timing of time, the adjusting sequence is that the azimuth angle is adjusted first and the inclination angle is later, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is controlled to rotate to the east or to the west by the solar angle controller according to the signals output by a GPS or an electronic compass module, the adjustment of the inclination angle has two different methods of an input method or a calculation method, the input method is that the inclination angle value which needs to be adjusted and is calculated by adopting a maximum inclination arithmetic mean method is pre-input into a storage module of the controller together with the adjusting time corresponding to the inclination angle value, and the maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method is the maximum included angle formed by the photovoltaic panels at the morning and afternoon, and (4) performing arithmetic average according to the adjusting times.

3. The vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system according to claim 2, wherein: the time is counted three times or more times within a day, the time period of 2-dimensional or 1-dimensional tracking adjustment with a driving device is divided into three time periods of morning, noon and afternoon, three times of adjustment within a day, the morning time period is that the photovoltaic panel faces the east, the inclination angle is the largest, the noon time period is that the photovoltaic panel is horizontal; in the afternoon period, the photovoltaic panel faces towards the west, the inclination angle is the largest, the multiple adjustment refers to that the azimuth angle is adjusted once every E minutes in two periods of the morning or afternoon, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the photovoltaic panel in the input method is arithmetically and averagely divided into F times, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the photovoltaic panel in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is an integer number series value, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; in the afternoon, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F every time, gamma is the angle value of the previous time, the inclination angle is returned to the initial position every time the azimuth angle is adjusted, the solar angle controller without the driving device and with 1-dimensional tracking is horizontally installed, the number of times of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in one day, and the adjustment time is calculated according to D minutes every interval.

4. The vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system according to claim 3, wherein: the automatic switch converter has the functions of automatic switching and automatic resetting and is divided into two types, namely an integrated automatic transfer switch type and a molded case circuit breaker type, the automatic switch converter preferentially uses a storage battery for photovoltaic power generation for power supply, namely the photovoltaic power generation is used as a main power supply, a vehicle-mounted battery is used as a standby power supply, when the voltage or current Q of the main power supply is higher than the voltage or current Q value of a set threshold value, the main power supply is automatically switched in, and the standby power supply is used for standby; when the main power supply fails or the voltage or the current of the main power supply is lower than the voltage or the current I value of a set threshold, the standby power supply is put into use; when the voltage of the main power supply is recovered to the voltage or current Q value of the set threshold value, the standby power supply is automatically stopped, the main power supply is switched to supply power again, the Q value is larger than the I value, when the standby power supply is lower than the set protection threshold value, the power can be automatically cut off even if the Q value is smaller than the I value, when the storage battery is used for supplying power, the power is supplied for K minutes every W minutes, and K is smaller than W.

5. The vehicle-mounted non-inductive tracking integrated photovoltaic and photothermal system according to claim 4, wherein: the multi-tube solar furnace is a solar furnace formed by installing R evacuated collector tubes in a box, and is a multi-tube solar furnace, wherein the inner sides of a box bottom and a wall are all plates coated with a reflecting material, a hollow tube with a connector is installed on the bottom surface of the box bottom, n-shaped or h-shaped supports are respectively and fixedly installed on four corners of the inner side of the box bottom, the box is divided into a plurality of polygonal or circular lattices, the box is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is fixed on the supports, the upper layer is movably installed and called as a cover, the upper layer and the lower layer are connected by hinges, the bottom of the box wall is hinged on the box bottom, the box wall is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the two sections are connected by hinges, the lower section is a quadrangle and the height of the support and the lattice box is the sum of the heights of the supports, the upper section is a trapezoid or a combination of a trapezoid, the box wall and the box bottom are inclined, the inner container with the cover is movably placed in the vacuum heat collecting pipes, and the plurality of vacuum heat collecting pipes are fixed on the polygonal or circular lattices in the box.

6. The vehicle-mounted non-inductively tracked optoelectrical and photothermal integration system of claim 5, wherein: the solar vacuum heat collecting tube of the square solar furnace in the single tube type is square, the vacuum heat collecting tube of the rectangular solar furnace is round, the vacuum heat collecting tube of the square solar furnace is arranged in a box of a box, the structure and the installation mode of the box bottom and the box wall are the same as those of the multi-tube type, the box in the shape of a square grid is fixed on the support, a cover of the box is arranged on the side face, one end of the cover is hinged with the box wall through a hinge, the other end of the cover is fastened on the box wall through a buckle, the inner container is made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy and is a polygonal or round uncovered box with a frame, a round interface is arranged on the side edge of the inner container, threads are arranged in the interface, a handle is movably connected, and the inner container is movably arranged in the square vacuum heat collecting tube.

7. The vehicle-mounted non-inductively tracked optoelectrical and optothermal integrated system of claim 6, wherein: the vacuum heat collecting pipe of the rectangular solar furnace in the single pipe type is in a circular shape and comprises a light collecting mirror and a vacuum heat collecting hollow pipe, wherein the light collecting mirror is a plate coated with a light reflecting material, the mirror surface has a flat plate shape and a parabolic shape, two light collecting mirrors are spliced and integrated into a triangular or parabolic light collecting mirror, each type of mirror surface has N blocks, X skeletons in each skeleton protrude out of the edge of the light collecting mirror, the end of each skeleton has a threaded structure, the X skeletons in the two light collecting mirrors are staggered, a pipe beam with a polygonal cross section is provided, 2X holes are respectively penetrated at two sides, M holes are penetrated at the upper and lower surfaces, each X skeleton is movably connected with the hollow pipe in a threaded manner, the hollow pipe is fixed on the pipe beam in a bolt fixing or non-bolt fixing manner, and the rear end of the hollow pipe in the bolt fixing or non-bolt fixing manner is provided with a fixing member, the front end is provided with a round hole or an elastic fastener, the distance between the fixing component and the round hole or the elastic fastener is the same as the width of the tubular beam, when the two light-collecting mirrors are spliced, the hollow pipes with two different fixing modes are respectively inserted into 2X holes on each side of the tubular beam, bolt fixing or elastic fasteners are fixed on two sides of the tubular beam, M supports of one vacuum heat collecting hollow pipe are Y-shaped, the structure of the hollow tube at the bottom and the fixing mode with the tubular beam are the same as the hollow tube of the X-shaped framework, but the distance between the fixing component and the round hole or the elastic fastener is the same as the thickness of the tubular beam, after the hollow tube of the bracket is inserted into the M holes on the surface of the tubular beam, the vacuum heat collecting pipe is fixed on the supports on the top ends of the M supports in a fastening mode, an inner liner pipe is inserted into the heat collecting pipe, the inner liner pipe is divided into a plurality of grids, and a hollow pipe with an interface is movably mounted at the bottom of the tubular beam.

8. The vehicle-mounted non-inductively tracked optoelectrical and photothermal integration system of claim 7, wherein: the components of the hinge device are composed of 1 bottom plate and C polygonal vertical plates, one end of each vertical plate with an arc is provided with a hole, the other end of each vertical plate is welded and fixed on the bottom plate, and when C =1 or 2, the components of the hinge device are fixedly connected in a movable mode or through bolts, and when C > 2, the components of the hinge device are connected in a hinged mode to form the hinge device.