CN111878943A

CN111878943A - Non-induction type tracking system of solar air conditioner and solar water heater

Info

Publication number: CN111878943A
Application number: CN202010775300.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李�杰
Original assignee: Guangxi Shengjing New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Shengjing New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2020-11-03

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of solar air conditioners and water heaters, in particular to a non-induction type tracking system of a solar air conditioner and a solar water heater. The existing solar air conditioner and water heater adopt a fixed support technology which can not track the sun, so that the solar radiation received by a photovoltaic panel and a solar heat collector is limited, the market development of the solar air conditioner and the water heater is influenced, and therefore when the photoelectric conversion rate and the heat collection and conduction performance are difficult to greatly improve, how to improve the efficiency of power generation and heat collection is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of the solar air conditioner and the water heater. The invention provides a non-inductive photo-thermal or photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated system with 1-dimension or 2-dimension tracking, which is constructed by adopting different combinations of a track device, a polygonal or circular platform and a fixed or movable bracket respectively, and well solves the technical problems, and the power generation and heat collection efficiency of the invention is increased by about 60 percent compared with the current average.

Description

Non-induction type tracking system of solar air conditioner and solar water heater

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of photo-thermal refrigeration and heating, in particular to a non-induction type tracking system of a solar air conditioner and a solar water heater.

Background

Solar air conditioners and water heaters in the market at present adopt photoelectric and photothermal technologies for refrigeration and heating, and photoelectric and photothermal technologies adopting photovoltaic panels and heat collectors for collecting solar energy adopt photovoltaic power generation technologies adopting fixed supports, and cannot track the sun, so that the photovoltaic panels and the heat collectors can only receive solar radiation of the east side or the west side, and the solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panels and the heat collectors is limited, so that the power generation and heat collection efficiency is low. In the market of solar air conditioners and water heaters, in order to improve the cost performance, the inside of a dwarf is taken as a high-rise, the tracking precision is rather sacrificed, and a low-cost fixed support technology is also adopted, which is the most main reason for adopting the fixed support technology in the solar air conditioners and solar water heaters all over the world at present. The solar tracking technology is accepted by the market and can be widely popularized and applied when the photoelectric conversion rate and the heat conduction performance of the heat collection tube are difficult to greatly improve, and the technical problem to be solved in the field of solar air conditioners and solar water heaters is solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a non-inductive tracking system for solar air conditioners and solar water heaters, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a non-induction tracking system of a solar air conditioner and a solar water heater comprises a track device, a solar angle controller, a split type or integrated type heat collector of the solar air conditioner or the solar water heater, and a tracking system, wherein the tracking system is divided into two different modes of 1 dimension or 2 dimension tracking, the two different modes are divided into two different types of 1+1 mode and 1+ N, the track device of the 2 dimension tracking mode comprises a base, a track, a support, a pulley and a turntable, a circular track is arranged on the circular base fixed on a foundation, the shape of a cross section of the track is divided into two types of L-shaped or polygon, a circular groove component is pre-embedded on each side of each track, the opening part of the groove component is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, a circular groove component is pre-embedded on the upper wall of the base of the L-shaped cross section, the total number of three groove components is three, and the base of the, a round or triangular bracket is arranged on a track, X pulleys are arranged below the round bracket, a pulley is arranged at each corner of the triangular bracket, a shaft of each pulley is fixedly provided with a root beam or a chain in a manner of drooping at two sides of the pulley respectively, the lower end of the beam or the chain is provided with a round or polygonal member, the beam or the chain is inserted into grooves at two sides of the track respectively, the round or polygonal member is clamped in the groove and moves along with the pulley, the pulley on an L-shaped section track, one end provided with the round or polygonal member is clamped in the groove on the upper wall of the track, the other end is directly fixed or fixed on the shaft of the pulley through the chain, a turntable is fixedly arranged at the center of the round or triangular bracket, two ends of an S-shaped beam are respectively fixed on the turntable and the round or triangular bracket, a polygonal frame is fixedly arranged above the round or triangular bracket, the periphery of a polygonal frame is fixedly provided with P T-shaped joists, one side of each T-shaped joists is provided with a component of a hinge device, the other side corresponding to the component provided with the hinge device is provided with an H-shaped driving device, the top ends of the rest T-shaped joists are fixedly provided with a U-shaped frame, a polygonal or circular platform is arranged on the T-shaped joists and the driving devices, one of the frames at the bottom of the platform is hinged with the T-shaped joists to form the hinge device, the rest frames are supported in the U-shaped frames of the T-shaped joists, the top ends of the driving devices are fixedly connected with the platform through bolts, the turntable is a rotatable column and is divided into a 1+1 mode or a 1+ N mode according to the rotation or the non-rotation of the support, the turntable of the 1+1 mode is in a rotation mode and is an intelligent electric column, the column mainly comprises a shaft and a hollow pipe, and the hollow pipe is fixed on the shaft to rotate along with, the column body is provided with S beams, the 1+ N mode rotary table is in a non-autorotation mode, the structure and the installation mode of the rotary table are the same as those of the 1+1 mode, only the machine base is not provided with a driving motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism, but a gear is additionally arranged on a shaft and fixedly arranged on the shaft of the rotary table, the gears of the N rotary tables are connected into a whole through a closed chain, one end of the chain is connected with the mechanical transmission mechanism, the driving motor drives the N rotary tables to rotate simultaneously through the mechanical transmission mechanism, the rotary table in the 1+1 mode can independently drive a circular or triangular bracket to rotate, the driving device is a liftable intelligent electric column, and the column body mainly comprises a polygonal or circular nut and a shaft with threads, the driving device drives the N circular or triangular brackets to rotate together through the driving motor and the mechanical transmission mechanism, the driving device is a liftable intelligent electric column body, The intelligent electric power column comprises T-shaped hollow pipes, wherein the T-shaped hollow pipes are fixed on nuts to form a whole, the nuts move up and down along a shaft, all columns of the intelligent electric power column are fixed on a base, the intelligent electric power column is driven by a combination of a motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism which are fixed in the base, R groups of large hollow pipes are horizontally arranged on a polygonal or circular platform, and the polygonal or circular platform is provided with three different types of systems, wherein the first type of system is a photoelectric system; the second is a photo-thermal system, the second is a photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated system, in a 2-latitude tracking mode, R groups of small hollow pipes are fixedly installed at the bottom of a photovoltaic plate or a split type heat collector or a light-gathering heat collector, the R groups of small hollow pipes are respectively inserted into the R groups of large hollow pipes of a platform, horizontal bolts are fixedly installed on a polygonal or circular platform, one of integrated heat collecting vacuum pipes is inclined with the platform, the other is two different installation modes parallel to the platform, and the installation mode inclined with the platform is that in the current installation mode of an integrated solar water heater fixing support, a fixing support rod of a heat-insulating barrel is removed, and a support of the heat-insulating barrel is fixed on the platform; the heat collecting vacuum tube is arranged in parallel with the platform, the heat collecting vacuum tube is in an L shape, the heat collecting vacuum tube is horizontally fixed on the platform through a support, the other short end of the heat collecting vacuum tube is connected to the bottom of the heat-insulating barrel, a support frame of the heat-insulating barrel is fixed on the platform, the supports of the two different heat collecting vacuum tubes are fixedly arranged on the platform, fixing supports of photovoltaic panels are arranged on two sides of the heat-insulating barrel, the parallel platform of the photovoltaic panels is fixed on the support, the 1 latitude tracking mode can only adjust the azimuth angle, the structures of the 1+1 or 1+ N two types of track devices are the same as the 2 latitude tracking mode, but the polygonal or circular platform is directly and fixedly arranged on the polygonal or circular frame, a step-shaped frame is fixedly arranged on the platform, the photovoltaic panels of the photoelectric system, the split type heat collectors, the light-gathering heat collectors or the heat collectors of the solar water heater are inclined with the In the above, the angle adjustment of the solar air conditioner or the solar water heater is to adjust the angle of a polygonal or circular platform, and is controlled by a solar angle controller provided with an embedded angle sensor, the solar angle controller is an intelligent control device for controlling the angle of the polygonal or circular platform to change by using time timing, and mainly comprises a main chip, an angle sensor, a GPS satellite positioning or electronic compass, a clock chip, Bluetooth and a motor-driven module, wherein the main chip controls the angle change of the polygonal or circular platform according to different time periods by reading real-time clock and angle numerical values, the clock chip automatically adopts the GPS or Bluetooth to correct the time after the solar angle controller is powered on, the working principle of the angle adjustment of the polygonal or circular platform is that the solar angle controller and the polygonal platform are arranged on the same horizontal plane, when the time reaches the preset adjusting moment, the solar angle controller receives an angle adjusting signal, the motor control module is controlled to enable the angle detection module to make a rotation action so as to enable the polygonal or circular platform to complete a horizontal or tilting action, the intelligent electric column completes a horizontal or stretching or shrinking motion along with the rotation of the motor to push the polygonal or circular platform to rotate to a preset position, meanwhile, an analog quantity output by the angle sensor is converted by the analog-digital converter and then is sent to the main controller, the main controller judges whether the polygonal or circular platform rotates to a preset angle according to the input, and controls the control module of the motor according to the analog quantity, so that the adjustment of the angle is completed once, the specific implementation mode of the azimuth angle adjustment of the electronic compass is that the north face is at the position where the scale is 0 degree on the scale of the electronic compass, the east is at the position where the scale is 90 degrees, the south is at the position where the scale is 180 degrees, the west is at the position where the scale is 270 degrees, and the azimuth angle values and the analog voltage values of the east, the south and the west in 4 aspects are respectively 90 degrees and theta volts; 270 °, ζ volts; 180 DEG, beta volts; the azimuth angle is 0-180 degrees or 180-360 degrees in the morning or afternoon, and when the analog voltage value changes in the interval of eta-beta or beta-theta, the azimuth angle can be adjusted to face the east or west at any moment according to the input azimuth angle value or analog voltage value; in a multiple adjustment mode within 1 day of inclination angle, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F in the morning; in the noon time period, the inclination angle is fixed and unchanged, in the afternoon time period of gamma + psi/F, the inclination angle value which is calculated to be regulated each time and the corresponding analog voltage value or regulation time are input into the storage module of the controller in advance, the specific implementation mode is that when the angle sensor is in the horizontal position and has an angle of 0 degree, the output end Vo outputs analog voltage of A volt, when the angle sensor and the horizontal plane have the angle value psi of the maximum inclination angle, the output end Vo outputs analog voltage of B volt, when the angle sensor is changed in the interval of 0 degree phi to psi or psi to 180 degrees, the output voltage of the output end Vo changes from A volt to B volt or the B volt to analog voltage signal of A volt, therefore, the included angle between the polygonal or circular platform and the horizontal plane can be determined by measuring the voltage of the output end Vo of the angle sensor, the method is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a track device, a polygonal or circular platform and different combinations of fixed or movable supports are respectively adopted to construct a non-inductive 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking photo-thermal or photo-electrical and photo-thermal integrated sun-tracking system without a photoelectric sensing device, the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photo-electrical and photo-thermal system adopts time timing and is controlled by a solar angle controller, the solar angle controller intelligently drives the polygonal or circular platform to move horizontally in the east or west direction or rotate the inclination angle from the east to the west direction by controlling an intelligent electric column or a driving motor according to the time timing, so that the adjustment of the azimuth angle or the inclination angle of the polygonal or circular platform changes along with the change of time, the adjustment sequence is that the azimuth angle is adjusted in advance, the inclination angle is adjusted later, and the adjustment of the azimuth angle is controlled by the solar angle controller according to signals output by a GPS or electronic compass module to control the solar angle controller to move east or west The adjustment of the inclination angle is an input method, the input method is that an inclination angle value which needs to be adjusted and is calculated by adopting a maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method is input into a storage module of the controller in advance together with the corresponding adjustment time, the maximum inclination angle arithmetic mean method is a method for carrying out arithmetic mean on the maximum included angle which can be formed by the photovoltaic panel in the morning and in the afternoon according to the adjustment times, the time is three times or more in one day, the adjustment of 2-dimensional tracking is divided into three time periods of the morning, the noon and the afternoon, the three times of adjustment in one day, the morning time period, the face of a polygonal or circular platform faces the east, the inclination angle is maximum, the noon time period, and the polygonal or circular platform is horizontal; in the afternoon period, the polygon or circular platform faces towards the west, the inclination angle is maximum, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is carried out once every E minutes, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the polygon or circular platform in the input method is divided into F times according to the arithmetic mean, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the polygon or circular platform in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is a numerical series value of integers, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; in the afternoon, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F every time, gamma is the angle value of the previous time, when the azimuth angle is adjusted every time, the inclination angle is returned to the initial position, the 1-dimensional tracking solar angle controller without a driving device is horizontally installed, the number of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in one day and is calculated according to D minutes at intervals, the light-gathering heat collector mainly comprises a polygonal light-gathering plate, a support and a vacuum heat-collecting tube, a support bottom plate and the light-gathering plate are coated with reflective materials, the vacuum heat-collecting tube is arranged above the support bottom plate, two ends of the vacuum heat-collecting tube are fixed on the support, the polygonal light-gathering plate is divided into two different types of plane type or curved surface type, the polygonal light-gathering plate and the support are directly or indirectly connected in two different modes, the direct connection is that the polygonal light-gathering plate and, indirect connection is even as an organic whole through electronic post of intelligence and support, and electronic post of intelligence is each fixed mounting all around at the support, and its cylinder mainly comprises axle, hollow tube, and polygon solar panel is fixed on the hollow tube, and the hollow tube is fixed and is rotated along with the axle on the axle, articulated mounting's component comprises the polygon riser of 1 bottom plate and C piece, and the riser has the one end of circular arc and has the hole, and one end welded fastening is on the bottom plate in addition, articulated mounting's component, when C =2, is bolt fixed connection, and when C > 2, it forms an articulated mounting to articulate the connection.

The invention provides a non-inductive tracking system of solar air conditioner and solar water heater, which provides a tracking technology without photoelectric sensor at 1 latitude or 2 latitude, is a novel non-inductive tracking technology different from the known fixed support technology and inductive tracking technology, has simple technology, low cost and small self-loss electric quantity, improves the efficiency of power generation and heat collection when the conversion rate of photoelectric and light and heat is difficult to greatly improve, adopts the photoelectric and light and heat integrated tracking technology to improve the efficiency of refrigeration and heating of the solar air conditioner and the water heater, solves the technical problems to be solved urgently in the industry of the solar air conditioner and the water heater, namely, the photoelectric and light and heat system can track the sun, and has practical value and integrated technical problems, the photoelectric power generation efficiency and the light and heat collection efficiency of the invention are increased by about 60 percent more than the average of the current fixed installation mode, has good economic and ecological benefits.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a 1+1 mode of a split solar water heater: the symbol 1 is a quadrangular platform, the symbol 2 is a T-shaped joist with a U-shaped frame, the symbol 3 is a T-shaped joist, the symbol 4 is a quadrangular frame, the symbol 5 is a circular or triangular bracket, the symbol 6 is a pulley, the symbol 7 is a track with a groove component, the symbol 8 is an S-root beam, the symbol 9 is a turntable, and the symbol 10 is a driving device; fig. 2 is a split type 1+1 mode front view, and fig. 3 is a split type 1+ N mode plan view: symbol 11 is a chain, symbol 12 is a driving motor, and symbol 13 is a gear; fig. 4 is a split type 1+ N mode front view. FIG. 5 is a plan top view of a 1+1 mode of the integrated solar water heater with photovoltaic power generation: symbol 14 is a heat collector, symbol 15 is a heat-insulating barrel, symbol 16 is a photovoltaic panel, and symbol 17 is a fixed support of the photovoltaic panel; FIG. 6 is a front view in one piece; fig. 7 is a rail of L-shaped cross-section: reference numeral 18 denotes a groove member, and fig. 8 shows a track of polygonal cross section.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the present invention, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are only used for explaining the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

The angle is adjusted three times or more in one day, the 2-dimensional tracking adjustment is divided into three time periods of morning, noon and afternoon, the three time adjustment in one day is carried out, the morning time period is that the polygonal or circular platform faces the east, the inclination angle is the largest, and the noon time period is that the polygonal or circular platform is horizontal; in the afternoon period, the polygon or circular platform faces towards the west, the inclination angle is maximum, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is carried out once every E minutes, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the polygon or circular platform in the input method is divided into F times according to the arithmetic mean, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the polygon or circular platform in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is a numerical series value of integers, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; in the afternoon, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F every time, gamma is the angle value of the previous time, the inclination angle is returned to the initial position every time the azimuth angle is adjusted, the solar angle controller without the driving device and with 1-dimensional tracking is horizontally installed, the number of times of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in one day, and the adjustment time is calculated according to D minutes every interval.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a split solar air conditioner and water heater 1+1 mode is shown, when a polygonal or circular platform 1 is in a horizontal state, one side of four side beams is hinged with a T-shaped joist 3 to form a hinge device, the other side corresponding to the hinge device is supported on the T-shaped joist 2 with a U-shaped frame and is fixedly connected with a driving device 10 through a bolt, the driving device 10 and the T-

shaped joists

2 and 3 are fixed on a quadrilateral frame 4, the frame 4 is fixed on a circular bracket 5, the bracket 5 is fixed on a pulley 6, beams or chains on two sides of the shaft of the pulley 6 are hung in a groove member 20 in a track 7, the polygonal or circular member at the lower end of the beams or chains is buckled in the groove member 20, and the bracket 5 and a rotary table 9 are respectively connected at two ends of an S-shaped joist 8 along with the movement of the pulley 6, so that a 2. After the installation is finished, the azimuth angle of the polygonal or circular platform 1 is firstly adjusted at a preset moment, the azimuth angle is determined by adopting an electronic compass module method, the solar angle controller obtains the azimuth angle of the sun facing the east according to a signal output by the electronic compass module or the azimuth angle input in advance, the solar angle controller controls the turntable 9 to rotate, the S-shaped beams drive the pulleys 6 of the circular support to move, the azimuth angle of the polygonal or circular platform 1 is adjusted in place, the inclination angle is adjusted after the azimuth angle is adjusted in place, and the specific adjusting mode refers to the segment 0008.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a split type solar air conditioner and water heater 1+ N mode, a gear 13 and a closed loop chain are fixedly installed on a rotary table 9, N gears are linked to the closed loop chain, the other end of the gear is fixed on a gear of a driving motor 12, the rotary table 9 of N groups rotates together with the driving motor 12 through

gear transmission mechanisms

11 and 13, thereby forming a structure in which one driving motor drives N groups of polygonal or circular platforms 1 to rotate simultaneously, the adjustment mode of azimuth angle and inclination angle is consistent with that of the 1+1 mode, specifically, at the preset time of adjustment, a solar angle controller controls the driving motor 12 to rotate according to a signal obtained by an angle sensor, the rotary table 9 is driven to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism, so that the azimuth angle of the polygonal or circular platform 1 is adjusted, after the azimuth angle is adjusted in place, the solar angle controller starts the driving device 10 of N groups to adjust the inclination angle of the polygonal or circular platform 1, the manner of adjustment is the same as in the 1+1 mode. The mode can be used for respectively installing the heat collecting device and the photovoltaic power generation device in the N groups of tracks.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the mode of the integrated solar air conditioner and solar water heater with photovoltaic panels is 1+1, the installation of the track device is the same as that of the split solar water heater 1+1, the original support of the integrated type is directly fixed on the polygonal or circular platform 1 after the support rod of the heat-preserving barrel is removed, the photovoltaic panel fixing supports 17 are installed on the two sides of the heat-preserving barrel 15, and then the photovoltaic panels 16 are fixedly installed on the supports 17 and are parallel to the polygonal or circular platform 1, thereby forming a 2-dimensional tracking photoelectric and photo-thermal system. The azimuth angle adjusting mode of the integrated solar water heater support assembly is the same as that of a 1+1 mode of the split solar water heater. The 1+ N mode angle adjustment of the integrated solar air conditioner and the water heater is the same as that of a split type, see sections 0008-0010.

Claims

1. A non-induction tracking system of a solar air conditioner and a solar water heater comprises a track device, a solar angle controller, a split type or integrated type heat collector of the solar air conditioner or the solar water heater, and a tracking system, wherein the tracking system is divided into two different modes of 1 dimension or 2 dimension tracking, the two different modes are divided into two different types of 1+1 mode and 1+ N, the track device of the 2 dimension tracking mode comprises a base, a track, a support, a pulley and a turntable, a circular track is arranged on the circular base fixed on a foundation, the shape of a cross section of the track is divided into two types of L-shaped or polygonal, a circular groove component is pre-embedded on each of two sides of each track, the opening part of the groove component is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, a circular groove component is pre-embedded on the upper wall of the base of the L-shaped cross section, and, the base of the polygonal section is only provided with two groove-shaped components, a circular or triangular bracket is arranged on the track, X pulleys are arranged below the circular bracket, a pulley is arranged at each corner of the triangular bracket, the shaft of each pulley is fixedly provided with a root beam or a chain at two sides of the pulley respectively in a drooping way, the lower end of the beam or the chain is provided with a circular or polygonal component, the beam or the chain is respectively inserted into the grooves at two sides of the track, the circular or polygonal component is buckled in the groove and moves along with the pulley, the pulley on the L-shaped section track is provided with one end which is buckled in the groove on the wall of the track and the other end which is directly fixed or fixed on the shaft of the pulley through the chain, a turntable is fixedly arranged at the center of the circular or triangular bracket, two ends of the S-shaped beam are respectively fixed on the turntable and the circular or triangular bracket, a polygonal frame is fixedly arranged above the circular or triangular support, P T-shaped joists are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the polygonal frame, one side of each T-shaped joists is provided with a component of a hinge device, the other side corresponding to the component provided with the hinge device is provided with an H-set driving device, the top ends of the rest T-shaped joists are fixedly provided with a U-shaped frame, a polygonal or circular platform is arranged on the T-shaped joists and the driving devices, one of the frames at the bottom of the platform is hinged with the T-shaped joists to form the hinge device, the rest frames are supported in the U-shaped frames of the T-shaped joists, the top ends of the driving devices are fixedly connected with the platform through bolts, the turntable is a rotatable column and is divided into a 1+1 mode or two different modes of 1+ N according to whether the column rotates or does not rotate, and the turntable of the 1+1 mode is in a rotation mode, the intelligent electric column is an intelligent electric column, the column body of the intelligent electric column mainly comprises a shaft and a hollow pipe, the hollow pipe is fixed on the shaft and rotates along with the shaft without moving up and down, S beams are installed on the column body, the 1+ N mode rotary disc is in a non-autorotation mode, the structure and the installation mode of the rotary disc are the same as those of the 1+1 mode, only a driving motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism are not arranged in a machine base, but a gear is additionally arranged on the shaft and is fixedly installed on the shaft of the rotary disc, the gears of the N rotary discs are connected into a whole through a closed chain, one end of the chain is connected with the mechanical transmission mechanism, the driving motor drives the N rotary discs to rotate simultaneously through the mechanical transmission mechanism, the 1+1 mode rotary disc can independently drive a circular or triangular bracket to rotate, and the 1+ N mode drive the driving motor and the mechanical transmission mechanism to drive the N circular or triangular brackets to rotate, the driving device is a liftable intelligent electric column, a column body of the liftable intelligent electric column mainly comprises a polygonal or circular nut, a shaft with threads and a T-shaped hollow tube, the T-shaped hollow tube is fixed on the nut to form a whole, the nut moves up and down along the shaft, all the column bodies of the intelligent electric column are fixed on a base, the driving of the liftable intelligent electric column is carried out by adopting a combination of a motor and a mechanical transmission mechanism which are fixed in the base, R groups of large hollow tubes are horizontally arranged on a polygonal or circular platform, the installation system of the polygonal or circular platform has three different types, and the first type is a photoelectric system; the second is a photo-thermal system, the second is a photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated system, in a 2-latitude tracking mode, R groups of small hollow pipes are fixedly installed at the bottom of a photovoltaic plate or a split type heat collector or a light-gathering heat collector, the R groups of small hollow pipes are respectively inserted into the R groups of large hollow pipes of a platform, horizontal bolts are fixedly installed on a polygonal or circular platform, one of integrated heat collecting vacuum pipes is inclined with the platform, the other is two different installation modes parallel to the platform, and the installation mode inclined with the platform is that in the current installation mode of an integrated solar water heater fixing support, a fixing support rod of a heat-insulating barrel is removed, and a support of the heat-insulating barrel is fixed on the platform; the heat collecting vacuum tube is arranged in parallel with the platform, the heat collecting vacuum tube is in an L shape, the heat collecting vacuum tube is horizontally fixed on the platform through a support, the other short end of the heat collecting vacuum tube is connected to the bottom of the heat-insulating barrel, a support frame of the heat-insulating barrel is fixed on the platform, the supports of the two different heat collecting vacuum tubes are fixedly arranged on the platform, fixing supports of photovoltaic panels are arranged on two sides of the heat-insulating barrel, the parallel platform of the photovoltaic panels is fixed on the support, the 1 latitude tracking mode can only adjust the azimuth angle, the structures of the 1+1 or 1+ N two types of track devices are the same as the 2 latitude tracking mode, but the polygonal or circular platform is directly and fixedly arranged on the polygonal or circular frame, a step-shaped frame is fixedly arranged on the platform, the photovoltaic panels of the photoelectric system, the split type heat collectors, the light-gathering heat collectors or the heat collectors of the solar water heater are inclined with the In the above, the angle adjustment of the solar air conditioner or the solar water heater is to adjust the angle of a polygonal or circular platform, and is controlled by a solar angle controller provided with an embedded angle sensor, the solar angle controller is an intelligent control device for controlling the angle of the polygonal or circular platform to change by using time timing, and mainly comprises a main chip, an angle sensor, a GPS satellite positioning or electronic compass, a clock chip, Bluetooth and a motor-driven module, wherein the main chip controls the angle change of the polygonal or circular platform according to different time periods by reading real-time clock and angle numerical values, the clock chip automatically adopts the GPS or Bluetooth to correct the time after the solar angle controller is powered on, the working principle of the angle adjustment of the polygonal or circular platform is that the solar angle controller and the polygonal platform are arranged on the same horizontal plane, when the time reaches the preset adjusting moment, the solar angle controller receives an angle adjusting signal, the motor control module is controlled to enable the angle detection module to make a rotation action so as to enable the polygonal or circular platform to complete a horizontal or tilting action, the intelligent electric column completes a horizontal or stretching or shrinking motion along with the rotation of the motor to push the polygonal or circular platform to rotate to a preset position, meanwhile, an analog quantity output by the angle sensor is converted by the analog-digital converter and then is sent to the main controller, the main controller judges whether the polygonal or circular platform rotates to a preset angle according to the input, and controls the control module of the motor according to the analog quantity, so that the adjustment of the angle is completed once, the specific implementation mode of the azimuth angle adjustment of the electronic compass is that the north face is at the position where the scale is 0 degree on the scale of the electronic compass, the east is at the position where the scale is 90 degrees, the south is at the position where the scale is 180 degrees, the west is at the position where the scale is 270 degrees, and the azimuth angle values and the analog voltage values of the east, the south and the west in 4 aspects are respectively 90 degrees and theta volts; 270 °, ζ volts; 180 DEG, beta volts; the azimuth angle is 0-180 degrees or 180-360 degrees in the morning or afternoon, and when the analog voltage value changes in the interval of eta-beta or beta-theta, the azimuth angle can be adjusted to face the east or west at any moment according to the input azimuth angle value or analog voltage value; in a multiple adjustment mode within 1 day of inclination angle, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F in the morning; in the noon time period, the inclination angle is fixed and unchanged, in the afternoon time period of gamma + psi/F, the inclination angle value which is calculated to be regulated each time and the corresponding analog voltage value or regulation time are input into the storage module of the controller in advance, the specific implementation mode is that when the angle sensor is in the horizontal position and has an angle of 0 degree, the output end Vo outputs analog voltage of A volt, when the angle sensor and the horizontal plane have the angle value psi of the maximum inclination angle, the output end Vo outputs analog voltage of B volt, when the angle sensor is changed in the interval of 0 degree phi to psi or psi to 180 degrees, the output voltage of the output end Vo changes from A volt to B volt or the B volt to analog voltage signal of A volt, therefore, the included angle between the polygonal or circular platform and the horizontal plane can be determined by measuring the voltage of the output end Vo of the angle sensor, the method is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a photoelectric sensing device is not needed, different combinations of a track device, a polygonal or circular platform and a fixed or movable support are respectively adopted to construct a non-inductive 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking photo-thermal or photoelectric and photo-thermal integrated sun-chasing system, the adjustment of the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the photoelectric and photo-thermal system adopts time timing, and a solar angle controller is adopted to control.

2. The non-inductive tracking system for solar air conditioners and solar water heaters according to claim 1, wherein: the solar angle controller is a method for intelligently driving the azimuth angle of the polygonal or circular platform to move horizontally towards the east or towards the west or controlling the inclination angle to rotate from the east to the west by controlling an intelligent electric column or a driving motor according to the timing of time, so as to adjust the azimuth angle or the inclination angle of the polygonal or circular platform to change along with the change of time, the adjustment sequence is that the azimuth angle is adjusted first and the inclination angle is later, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is controlled by the solar angle controller to rotate towards the east or towards the west according to a signal output by a GPS or an electronic compass module, the adjustment of the inclination angle is an input method, the input method is that an inclination angle value which needs to be adjusted and is calculated by adopting a maximum inclination arithmetic mean method is input into a storage module of the controller in advance together with the corresponding adjustment time, and the maximum inclination arithmetic mean method is a maximum included angle which can be formed by a photovoltaic panel in the morning and afternoon, and (4) performing arithmetic average according to the adjusting times.

3. The non-inductive tracking system of solar air conditioners and solar water heaters according to claim 2, characterized in that: the time is timed for three times or more in one day, the adjustment of 2-dimensional tracking is divided into three time intervals of morning, noon and afternoon, the three time adjustment in one day is performed during the morning, the surface of the polygonal or circular platform faces to the east, the inclination angle is the largest, and the polygonal or circular platform is horizontal during the noon; in the afternoon period, the polygon or circular platform faces towards the west, the inclination angle is maximum, the adjustment of the azimuth angle is carried out once every E minutes, the inclination angle is adjusted for F times in the E minutes, the angle value of the maximum inclination angle psi of the polygon or circular platform in the input method is divided into F times according to the arithmetic mean, the angle value of each adjustment is psi/F, the orientation of the polygon or circular platform in three time periods is the same as that of three times of adjustment within 1 day, in the afternoon period, the angle value of each new adjustment is psi-J psi/F, J is a numerical series value of integers, the minimum value is 1, and the maximum value is F; in the afternoon, the newly adjusted angle value is gamma + psi/F every time, gamma is the angle value of the previous time, the inclination angle is returned to the initial position every time the azimuth angle is adjusted, the solar angle controller without the driving device and with 1-dimensional tracking is horizontally installed, the number of times of azimuth angle adjustment is the sum of all adjustment time in one day, and the adjustment time is calculated according to D minutes every interval.

4. The light-gathering heat collector mainly comprises a polygonal light-gathering plate, a support and vacuum heat-collecting tubes, wherein the support bottom plate and the light-gathering plate are coated with light-reflecting materials, the vacuum heat-collecting tubes are erected above the support bottom plate, two ends of the vacuum heat-collecting tubes are fixed on the support, the polygonal light-gathering plate is divided into two different types, namely a planar type or a curved surface type, and the polygonal light-gathering plate and the support are directly or indirectly connected in two different modes, the polygonal light-gathering plate and the support are in inclined fixed connection into a whole in a direct connection mode, the indirect connection mode is that the polygonal light-gathering plate and the support are connected into a whole through an intelligent electric column, one intelligent electric column is fixedly installed on the periphery of the support.

5. The non-inductive tracking system of solar air conditioners and solar water heaters according to claim 4, characterized in that: the components of the hinge device are composed of 1 bottom plate and C polygonal vertical plates, one ends of the vertical plates with circular arcs are provided with holes, the other ends of the vertical plates are welded and fixed on the bottom plate, the components of the hinge device are fixedly connected through bolts when C =2, and the components of the hinge device are hinged and connected to form the hinge device when C > 2.