CN111748213A - 由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰 - Google Patents

由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰 Download PDF

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CN111748213A
CN111748213A CN202010217786.8A CN202010217786A CN111748213A CN 111748213 A CN111748213 A CN 111748213A CN 202010217786 A CN202010217786 A CN 202010217786A CN 111748213 A CN111748213 A CN 111748213A
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mass
elastomer
composite
composite material
agent
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N·弗朗索瓦
J·达汉
G·基斯林
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Omega SA
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Omega SA
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰，其中，所述弹性体复合材料包括弹性体基质，在该弹性体基质中分散有质量占比0.5‑4％的纤维素纤维、0‑2％的抗菌添加剂、0‑5％的导热填料、0‑1％的防臭剂以及0‑1％的二氧化硅。

Description

由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰
技术领域
本发明涉及包含弹性体的材料的技术领域。更确切地说，本发明涉及由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰、一种制造珠宝首饰的方法、以及所获得的珠宝首饰。
在本发明中，术语珠宝首饰指的是任何装饰物品，也指钟表或珠宝中使用的部件。更具体地，本发明涉及腕带，例如手表腕带。
背景技术
市场上存在许多弹性体材料，且由于例如它们的舒适性、柔软触感和强度的品质而作为腕带的用途是众所周知的。
因此，从JP 2000 204265中已知生产具有抗菌性能并具有良好抗老化性的热塑性弹性体材料。
从专利EP 2 468 127中还已知一种珠宝首饰，其至少部分由包含弹性体基质的复合材料制成，在弹性体基质中分散有选自包括微纤维、聚四氟乙烯纳米颗粒及它们的混合物的组的增强填料，所述复合材料由包含重量占复合物总重量的百分比为60％-95％的至少一种弹性体、0％-5％的微纤维和0％-40％的聚四氟乙烯纳米颗粒的复合物获得，其中存在至少一种所述增强填料。
然而，这些用于腕带或与皮肤接触的钟表部件的弹性体材料不能获得良好的排汗效果，抗菌性能仅允许中和不良气味，并且材料中存在的纤维仅允许材料被机械地增强。此外，腕带经常受到摩擦或磨损，这往往会除去一定量的抗菌剂，从而降低抗菌剂的效用。
发明内容
本发明的目标尤其是克服这些已知技术的各种缺点。
更准确地说，本发明的一个目的是提供一种由弹性体材料制成的旨在与皮肤长时间地(直接或间接)接触的珠宝首饰，并获得一种弹性体，该弹性体能够改善排汗性能，同时保持良好的着色性和良好的抗老化性(抗紫外线性、抗汗液性、抗旧性、抗撕裂性)。
根据本发明，这些目标以及将在下文中更清楚地出现的其他目标通过由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰来实现，所述弹性体复合材料包括弹性体基质，在该弹性体基质中分散有质量占比0-4％的纤维素纤维、0-2％的抗菌添加剂、0-5％的导热填料、0-1％的防臭剂以及0-1％的二氧化硅(silica)。
根据本发明的其他有利替代方案:
-弹性体基质是氟碳橡胶类型的含氟弹性体；
-弹性体材料包括短纤维素纤维和长纤维素纤维，这些纤维素纤维的长度在0.5毫米和1.5毫米之间；
-复合材料包含重量占复合材料总重量的百分比为1.5％-3.5％的微纤维，优选2％的短微纤维和1.5％的长微纤维；
-弹性体材料包含质量占比至少0-30％的颜色添加剂；
-弹性体材料包含质量占比至少0-1％的防臭剂；
-弹性体材料包括至少一种脱模剂；
-弹性体材料包含质量占比0-1％的增白剂/增亮剂。
本发明还特别涉及由根据本发明的弹性体材料制成的任何珠宝首饰。
本发明还涉及一种用于制造根据本发明的珠宝首饰的方法，该制造方法包括以下步骤:
制备包含一种复合材料，该复合材料包括至少一种弹性体、质量占比0.5-4％的纤维素纤维、0-2％的抗菌添加剂、0-5％的导热填料、0-1％的防臭剂和0-1％的二氧化硅；
-对在前一步骤中获得的复合材料进行模塑；
-对在第二步骤中获得的模制件执行整饰步骤。
根据该方法，弹性体材料是氟碳橡胶类型的含氟弹性体。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在阅读以下作为简单的说明性而非限制性的例子的本发明的特定实施例的描述后变得更加清楚。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰，所述弹性体复合材料包括弹性体基质，在该弹性体基质中分散有质量占比0-4％的纤维素纤维、0-2％的抗菌添加剂、0-5％的导热填料、0-1％的防臭剂以及0-1％的二氧化硅。
根据本发明，为基质选择的弹性体材料选自含氟弹性体。
术语“含氟弹性体”在一般意义上独立于氟的浓度使用，并且既指主链被部分取代的氟化弹性体(也就是说通常称为FKM的含氟弹性体)，也指主链被完全取代的氟化弹性体(也就是说通常称为FFKM的全氟弹性体)。
优选地，弹性体是含氟弹性体，更优选FKM型含氟弹性体。
弹性体的重量占复合材料总重量的百分比在55％-95％之间。
根据另一个实施方案，弹性体材料选自一种或多种热塑性弹性体，例如聚氨酯、聚醚嵌段酰胺、共聚酯弹性体、丙烯酸弹性体或苯乙烯弹性体。
根据本发明的又一实施例，材料选自室温硫化弹性体，例如聚硅氧烷(硅橡胶/硅树脂，silicone)。
弹性体材料的硬度可以根据触觉和功能需要在20Shore OO到90Shore D的范围内选择。
例如，可以通过模制硬度为90Shore D的外壳的硬质元件来制造，而Shore OO和Shore A硬度的材料更倾向于用作硬质元件上的涂层。像腕带这样的柔性部件可以用ShoreA的硬度来制造。
例如，在表壳的情况下，弹性体可以喷涂在表壳的表面并作为涂层，或者包覆成型以提供柔软的触感。
根据本发明，弹性体材料包括热导率大于20W/mK的导热填料，例如六方氮化硼或石墨烯或碳纳米管。弹性体材料中的这些导热填料的质量占比在0.04％-5％之间，并允许材料的热导率增加3倍，从0.4到1.2W/mK而不增加材料的电导率。这种导热填料的优点是能更好地排出身体热量，从而限制出汗。
根据本发明的一个有利方面，弹性体材料还包括抗菌添加剂，例如含有银，以限制或甚至防止材料表面和内部的细菌滋生，细菌主要由例如当腕带与皮肤接触时佩戴者的出汗引起。
优选地，所使用的抗微生物添加剂是
Figure BDA0002425026550000041
BC A 21-41。这种添加剂是以银的形式封装在由陶瓷类型制成的材料中，它的耐高温性允许它容易地添加到混合物中而不改变抗菌性能。根据需要，抗微生物添加剂的质量占比在0％-2％之间。
弹性体材料还包含防臭剂，例如沸石(Lithofill MM)，以吸收气味，通常该防臭剂为粒径为0-10μm的颗粒形式。根据需要，防臭剂的质量占比为0％-1％。根据本发明的替代方案，沸石可以用作扩散香料的载体，所述沸石可以例如接收一种或多种精油或一种或多种香料/芳香剂。考虑到沸石允许香料在非常长的时间内扩散这一点，这种实施方案是特别有意义的。
弹性体材料包含增强剂，例如二氧化硅，用于提高其耐久性。
根据本发明，弹性体材料包括亲水性微纤维，该亲水性微纤维布置成通过弹性体材料排出湿气，特别是排汗。根据本发明，亲水性微纤维的细度小于150毫特，其尺寸足以运输H2O型分子。
根据本发明，亲水纤维由纤维素材料制成，并且优选使用莱赛尔类型的纤维，例如兰精天丝FCP。
优选地，本发明的复合材料包含重量占复合材料总重量的百分比为0.5％-4％、优选1.5％-3.5％的微纤维。所使用的微纤维的长度在0.5毫米和1.5毫米之间。
这些微纤维在材料中的存在允许形成微观通道的网络，并且形成微纤维的纳米纤维(纤维素微纤丝，nanofibrils)使湿气快速且均匀地穿过材料。
为了改善湿度在材料中的传输，掺入材料中的微纤维由短纤维素微纤维和长纤维素微纤维组成，纤维素微纤维的长度在0.5毫米和1.5毫米之间。
根据本发明的复合材料包含重量占复合材料总质量的百分比为2％的短微纤维和1.5％的长微纤维。
这种短微纤维和长微纤维的混合物相互接触并形成通道，从而提高由弹性体材料形成的基质的扩散能力，并且湿气可以通过毛细作用而传输通过该材料并因此被排出。
根据本发明，微纤维优选具有螺旋桨形状的横截面，以使它们具有更大的比表面积，从而具有更快的扩散能力。
更准确地说，亲水纤维的横截面是具有n个叶片的螺旋桨的形状，其中n严格地大于2，以这种方式提供更大的比表面积，从而促进湿气的排出。
该复合材料还可以包含特定于弹性体的硫化剂或交联剂，以及在包含弹性体的配方——更具体地，包含含氟弹性体的配方——领域中的技术人员通常使用的其它常规添加剂。
有利地，复合材料可以包含着色剂或颜料。也可以使用着色剂和/或颜料的混合物。
例如，二氧化钛用于生产白色复合材料，在这种情况下，着色剂的用量为质量占比30％。为了提高白色的光洁度(finish)，使用了增亮剂，增亮剂可以重新平衡颜色光谱，提供更白的白色。增亮剂的用量为质量占比约1％。
在白色复合材料的情况下，加入质量占比高达10％的FKM型透明含氟弹性体，以改善复合材料的耐污性并改善最终产品的柔韧性。
在复合材料为黑色的情况下，直接使用黑色的FKM型含氟弹性体。黑色可以通过炭黑(等级N-660)获得。
上述材料可以直接模制以生产由令人舒适的弹性体制成的具有单一材料的腕带条带，或者包覆成型以生产令人舒适的具有两种材料的腕带条带，每个条带具有由令人舒适的材料制成的与皮肤接触的第一下部部件和由有利于其功能的另一种材料制成的上部部件。出于纯粹的美学目的，每个部分也可以具有不同的颜色。
下面，描述了三种复合材料的实例，它们中的每一种都包括形成弹性体基质的基体，添加剂分散在该基体中。这些例子基于申请人根据本发明生产的样品。
对于黑色腕带，使用以下成分:
第一步(黑色基体)
成分 规格 质量占比
FKM P-457(Solvay) 100
NC Grade N-660(cabot) 22
油 Nafol 1822B(Sasol) 1.5
硫化剂 Drimix Kenrich(TAIC) 3
硫化剂 Luperox 101XL45 2.5
第二步(将舒适性添加剂的混合物加入基体中)
成分 规格 质量占比
黑色基体 如下 100
短纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,0.5mm 2
长纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,1.5mm 1.5
沸石 Lithofill MM 0.5
石墨烯(*) 8-12层；3百万单位 0.045
二氧化硅 Aerosil 200 0.5
抗菌剂 Sanitized BCA21-41 2
(*)石墨烯在此是为了改善混合物的导热性从而改善皮肤和腕带之间的热交换而选择的填料。
对于白色腕带，使用以下成分:
第一步(中性基体)
FKM P-457 100
油 Nafol 1822B(Sasol) 1.5
硫化剂 Drimix Kenrich(TAIC) 3
硫化剂 Luperox 101XL45 2.5
二氧化硅 Aerosil 200 17
第二步(将舒适性添加剂的混合物加入中性基体中)
中性基体 如上 100
短纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,0.5mm 2
长纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,1.5mm 1.5
沸石 Lithofill MM 0.5
六方氮化硼(*) 3M<sup>TM</sup>氮化硼冷却填料片CFF 500-3和200-3 5
TiO<sub>2</sub> TI Pure R104,dupont 30
二氧化硅 Aerosil 200 0.5
抗菌剂 Sanitized BCA21-41 2
光学增亮剂 1
硬脂酸锌 0.5
透明FKM(*) P-957,Solvay 10
(*)六方氮化硼是为了改善混合物的导热性从而改善皮肤和腕带之间的热交换而选择的填料。
(*)在混合结束时以高剪切率加入透明FKM，以形成多相混合物(透明FKM分散在最初生产的混合物中)：该技术允许改善白色混合物的耐污性，并改善其柔韧性，从而改善穿着时的舒适性。
对于具有另一种颜色的腕带，使用以下成分:
第一步(中性基体)
FKM P-457 100
油 Nafol 1822B(Sasol) 1.5
硫化剂 Drimix Kenrich(TAIC) 3
硫化剂 Luperox 101XL45 2.5
二氧化硅 Aerosil 200 17
第二步(将舒适性添加剂的混合物加入中性基体中)
中性基质 如上 100
短纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,0.5mm 2
长纤维素 兰精天丝FCP,1.5mm 1.5
沸石 Lithofill MM 0.5
六方氮化硼(*) 3M<sup>TM</sup>氮化硼冷却填料片CFF 500-3和200-3 5
二氧化硅 Aerosil 200 0.5
抗菌剂 Sanitized BCA21-41 2
光学增亮剂 1
硬脂酸锌 0.5
根据本发明的由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰通过包括以下步骤的方法获得:
-进行如上所述的复合材料的制备；
-对在第一步中获得的复合材料进行模塑以获得所需的形状；
-执行在第二步骤中获得的模制件的整饰步骤。
根据本领域技术人员和待生产的工件的需要，模制工件的整饰步骤可以包括缝纫、图案印刷、在材料上打孔等。
复合材料的模塑可以通过本领域技术人员已知的任何类型的方法进行，例如注射模塑、挤压或加压模塑。
硫化以已知的方式在通常为130℃至200℃的温度下进行，持续足够的时间，该时间可以根据期望的部分而变化，例如根据硫化温度、所采用的硫化系统和复合材料的硫化动力学而在60至300秒之间变化。
该珠宝首饰可以是例如腕带，尤其是手表腕带。更具体地说，根据本发明的腕带可以具有特定的形状和切口部，并且在机械强度方面、更具体地说在抗拉强度方面、抗污性方面都满足严格的规范，同时为佩戴者提供良好的排汗性。
这种用于提高舒适度的材料允许制造钟表或珠宝首饰，例如腕带、腕带带扣、项链、表壳、表壳后盖、按钮、带扣或玻璃。
当然，本发明并不局限于所示的例子，对于本领域技术人员来说，可以有各种替换和修改。

Claims (15)

1.一种由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包括由弹性体构成的基质，在该基质中分散有质量占比为0-4％的纤维素纤维、0-2％的抗菌添加剂、0-5％的导热填料、0-1％的防臭剂以及0-1％的二氧化硅。
2.根据权利要求1所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体是氟碳橡胶类型(FKM)的含氟弹性体。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包括短纤维素纤维和长纤维素纤维，所述短纤维素纤维和长纤维素纤维的长度在0.5毫米和1.5毫米之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包含重量占弹性体复合材料总重量的百分比为1.5％-3.5％的微纤维，优选2％的短微纤维和1.5％的长微纤维。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包含质量占比为至少0-30％的颜色添加剂。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包含质量占比为至少0-1％的防臭剂。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包括至少一种脱模剂。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的珠宝首饰，其特征在于，所述弹性体复合材料包括增亮剂。
9.用于制造根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的珠宝首饰的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤:
-制备一种复合材料，该复合材料包含至少一种弹性体、质量占比0-4％的纤维素纤维、0-2％的抗菌添加剂、0-5％的导热填料、0-1％的防臭剂和0-1％的二氧化硅；
-对在前一步骤中获得的所述复合材料进行模塑；
-对在第二步骤中获得的模制件执行整饰步骤。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体是氟碳橡胶类型的含氟弹性体。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述复合材料包括短纤维素纤维和长纤维素纤维，所述短纤维素纤维和长纤维素纤维的长度在0.5毫米和1.5毫米之间。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该复合材料包含导热填料。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该复合材料包含防臭剂。
14.根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该复合材料包含增强填料。
15.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，该复合材料包含至少一种颜色添加剂。
CN202010217786.8A 2019-03-26 2020-03-25 由弹性体复合材料制成的珠宝首饰 Pending CN111748213A (zh)

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US11140951B2 (en) 2021-10-12
KR20200116038A (ko) 2020-10-08
JP2020158766A (ja) 2020-10-01

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