CN111747884A - 一种以芴为核心的有机化合物及其在有机电致发光器件上的应用 - Google Patents
一种以芴为核心的有机化合物及其在有机电致发光器件上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111747884A CN111747884A CN201910243819.3A CN201910243819A CN111747884A CN 111747884 A CN111747884 A CN 111747884A CN 201910243819 A CN201910243819 A CN 201910243819A CN 111747884 A CN111747884 A CN 111747884A
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- C07D209/94—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered
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- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C07D491/048—Ortho-condensed systems with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring the oxygen-containing ring being five-membered
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- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D491/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C07D491/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D491/14—Ortho-condensed systems
- C07D491/153—Ortho-condensed systems the condensed system containing two rings with oxygen as ring hetero atom and one ring with nitrogen as ring hetero atom
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种以芴为核心的有机化合物及其在有机电致发光器件上的应用，该有机化合物的结构如通式(I)所示。本发明有机化合物具有较高的玻璃化温度和分子热稳定性，合适的HOMO和LUMO能级，作为电子阻挡层材料或发光层材料应用于有机发光二极管，可有效降低高电流密度下的效率滚降，降低器件电压，提高器件的电流效率和寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体技术领域，尤其涉及一种以芴为核心的有机化合物及其在有机电致发光器件上的应用。
背景技术
当前，OLED显示技术已经在智能手机，平板电脑等领域获得应用，进一步还将向电视等大尺寸应用领域扩展，但是，和实际的产品应用要求相比，OLED器件的发光效率和使用寿命等性能还需要进一步提升。目前对OLED发光器件提高性能的研究包括：降低器件的驱动电压、提高器件的发光效率、提高器件的使用寿命等。为了实现OLED器件的性能的不断提升，不但需要从OLED器件结构和制作工艺的创新，更需要OLED光电功能材料不断研究和创新，创制出更高性能的OLED功能材料。
应用于OLED器件的OLED光电功能材料从用途上可划分为两大类，分别为电荷注入传输材料和发光材料。进一步，还可将电荷注入传输材料分为电子注入传输材料、电子阻挡材料、空穴注入传输材料和空穴阻挡材料，还可以将发光材料分为主体发光材料和掺杂材料。为了制作高性能的OLED发光器件，要求各种有机功能材料具备良好的光电性能，譬如，作为电荷传输材料，要求具有良好的载流子迁移率，高玻璃化转化温度等，作为发光层的主体材料具有良好双极性，适当的HOMO/LUMO能阶等。
构成OLED器件的OLED光电功能材料膜层至少包括两层以上结构，产业上应用的OLED器件结构则包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层等多种膜层，也就是说应用于OLED器件的光电功能材料至少包括空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、发光材料、电子传输材料等，材料类型和搭配形式具有丰富性和多样性的特点。另外，对于不同结构的OLED器件搭配而言，所使用的光电功能材料具有较强的选择性，相同的材料在不同结构器件中的性能表现也可能完全迥异。
因此，针对当前OLED器件的产业应用要求以及OLED器件的不同功能膜层，器件的光电特性需求，必须选择更适合、性能更高的OLED功能材料或材料组合，才能实现器件的高效率、长寿命和低电压的综合特性。就当前的OLED显示照明产业的实际需求而言，目前OLED材料的发展还远远不够，落后于面板制造企业的要求，作为材料企业开发更高性能的有机功能材料显得尤为重要。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题，本申请人提供了一种以芴为核心的有机化合物及其在有机电致发光器件上的应用。本发明化合物以芴为核心，作为电子阻挡层材料或发光层材料应用于有机发光二极管，可有效降低高电流密度下的效率滚降，降低器件电压，提高器件的电流效率和寿命。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种以芴为核心的有机化合物，其特征在于，所述化合物的结构如通式(I)所示：
其中，
m、n各自独立的表示为0、1、2、3或4，且m+n≥1；
Ar1、Ar2分别独立的表示为取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的5-30元亚杂芳基中的一种；
R1、R2分别独立的表示为氢或通式(II)所示结构，且R1、R2不同时为氢；
通式(II)中，R5、R6分别独立的表示为氢原子、通式(III)、通式(IV)或通式(V)所示结构，且R5、R6不同时为氢；
通式(IV)、通式(V)中，X1、X2、X3分别独立的表示为氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、-C(R11)(R12)-、-N(R13)-或-Si(R14)(R15)-；X2还可以表示为单键；
R11～R15各自独立的表示为C1-10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或者未被取代的5-30元杂芳基中的一种；R11与R12、R14与R15还可以相互键结成环；
通式(III)、通式(IV)或通式(V)通过CL1-CL2键、CL2-CL3键、CL3-CL4键、CL'1-CL'2键、CL'2-CL'3键或CL'3-CL'4与通式(II)并环连接；
R3、R4分别独立的表示为氢、卤素、氰基、C1-30烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的5-30元杂芳基、通式(III)、通式(IV)所示结构，且R3、R4不同时为氢；
当R3、R4表示为通式(III)或通式(IV)所示结构，通式(III)或通式(IV)通过*标记的两个相邻位置与通式(I)中*标记的两个相邻的位置并环连接；
所述可被取代基团的取代基任选自氰基、卤素、C1-10烷基、C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的5-30元杂芳基中的一种或几种；
所述杂原子任选自氧原子、硫原子或氮原子中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述Ar1、Ar2分别独立的表示为取代或未取代的亚苯基、取代或未取代的亚联苯基、取代或未取代的亚三联苯基、取代或未取代的亚萘基、取代或未取代的亚蒽基、取代或未取代的亚菲基、取代或未取代的亚吡啶基、取代或未取代的亚萘啶基、取代或未取代的亚咔唑基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并呋喃基或者取代或未取代的亚二苯并噻吩基中任一种；
所述R11～R15各自独立的表示为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、戊基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、吡啶基、萘啶基或二苯并呋喃基中任一种；
所述可被取代基团的取代基任选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、戊基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、吡啶基、萘啶基或二苯并呋喃基中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述通式(II)的结构为：
中的任一种。
一种有机电致发光器件，该有机电致发光器件包括至少一层含有所述以芴为核心的有机化合物的功能层。
一种有机电致发光器件，包括电子阻挡层，所述电子阻挡层含有所述以芴为核心的有机化合物。
一种有机电致发光器件，包括发光层，所述发光层含有所述以芴为核心的有机化合物。
一种照明或显示元件，所述元件包括所述的有机电致发光器件。
本发明有益的技术效果在于：
本发明有机化合物是一种有机发光功能层材料，具有分子间不易结晶、不易聚集、具有良好成膜性的特点，本发明有机化合物分子中的刚性基团可以提高材料的热稳定性。
本发明有机化合物结构使得电子和空穴在发光层的分布更加平衡，在恰当的HOMO能级下，提升了空穴注入/传输性能；在合适的LUMO能级下，又起到了电子阻挡的作用，提升激子在发光层中的复合效率；作为OLED发光器件的发光功能层材料使用时，采用芳基或杂芳基取代的芴搭配本发明范围内的支链可有效提高激子利用率和高荧光辐射效率，降低高电流密度下的效率滚降，降低器件电压，提高器件的电流效率和寿命。
本发明所述有机化合物在OLED发光器件中具有良好的应用效果，具有良好的产业化前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明所列举的材料应用于OLED器件的结构示意图；
其中，1为透明基板层，2为ITO阳极层，3为空穴注入层，4为空穴传输层，5为电子阻挡层，6为发光层，7为电子传输层，8为电子注入层，9为阴极反射电极层，10为光取出层。
图2为本发明器件实施例与比较例1的OLED器件在-10～80℃区间的电流效率。
具体实施方式
实施例1：中间体Q的合成
(1)250ml的四口瓶，在通入氮气的气氛下，加入0.05mol原料A和0.055mol Mg粉，60ml四氢呋喃(THF)，加热回流4小时，反应完全，生成格氏试剂M；
(2)称取0.05mol原料B溶于50mL四氢呋喃(THF)中，滴加0.075mol格氏试剂M，60℃反应24小时，生成大量白色格氏盐沉淀，加入饱和NHCl4溶液直至沉淀消失，格氏盐转化为叔醇；反应完毕后，用100ml乙醚萃取，萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥，溶液旋蒸脱溶剂至无馏分，以石油醚与二氯甲烷的混合溶剂(体积比3:2)为洗脱剂过中性硅胶柱纯化，得到略带黄色的中间体N；
(3)按1:2摩尔比称取0.04mol中间体N和0.08mol原料C溶于100ml二氯甲烷中，在室温条件下滴加8ml三氟化硼·乙醚络合物，反应30分钟，加入20ml乙醇和20ml水淬灭反应，用二氯甲烷(20ml*3)萃取，萃取液用无水硫酸钠干燥，溶液旋蒸脱溶剂至无馏分，用石油醚过中性硅胶柱纯化，用乙醇和二氯甲烷重结晶，得到中间体Q；
其中，m、n各自独立的表示为0、1、2、3或4，且m+n≥1；
以上述合成方法制备中间体Q，具体结构如表1所示。
表1
实施例2：化合物2的合成
在250ml的三口瓶中，通氮气保护下，加入0.01mol中间体Q-1，0.012mol原料D-1，150ml甲苯搅拌混合，然后加入5×10-5mol Pd2(dba)3，5×10-5mol三叔丁基磷，0.03mol叔丁醇钠，加热至105℃，回流反应24小时，取样点板，显示无溴代物剩余，反应完全；自然冷却至室温，过滤，滤液旋蒸至无馏分，过中性硅胶柱，得到目标产物，纯度99.8％，收率75.6％。
元素分析结构(分子式C49H43N)：理论值C,91.12；H,6.71；N,2.17；测试值：C,91.08；H,6.72；N,2.20。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为645.89，实测值为646.21。
实施例3：化合物7的合成
化合物7的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-1用原料D-2代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C51H43NO)：理论值C,89.31；H,6.32；N,2.04；O,2.33；测试值：C,89.26；H,6.33；N,2.06；O,2.35。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为685.91，实测值为686.37。
实施例4：化合物15的合成
化合物15的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-2代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C57H47NO)：理论值C,89.85；H,6.22；N,1.84；O,2.10；测试值：C,89.79；H,6.23；N,1.87；O,2.12。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为762.01，实测值为761.39。
实施例5：化合物29的合成
化合物29的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-3代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C69H53NO2)：理论值：C,89.29；H,5.76；N,1.51；O,3.45；测试值：C,89.23；H,5.77；N,1.54；O,3.47。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为928.19，实测值为927.61。
实施例6：化合物40的合成
化合物40的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-4代替，原料D-1用原料D-3代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C59H47NO)：理论值C,90.16；H,6.03；N,1.78；O,2.04；测试值：C,90.09；H,6.06；N,1.80；O,2.06。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为786.03，实测值为785.29。
实施例7：化合物45的合成
化合物45的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-5代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C63H51NO)：理论值C,90.29；H,6.13；N,1.67；O,1.91；测试值：C,90.22；H,6.14；N,1.70；O,1.94。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为838.11，实测值为837.06。
实施例8：化合物59的合成
化合物59的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-1用原料D-4代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C57H48N2)：理论值C,89.96；H,6.36；N,3.68；测试值：C,89.93；H,6.37；N,3.70。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为761.02，实测值为760.45。
实施例9：化合物65的合成
化合物65的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-1用原料D-5代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C51H43NO2)：理论值C,87.27；H,6.18；N,2.00；O,4.56；测试值：C,87.21；H,6.19；N,2.03；O,4.58。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为701.91，实测值为701.26。
实施例10：化合物73的合成
化合物73的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-6代替，原料D-1用原料D-6代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C51H31NO)：理论值C,90.91；H,4.64；N,2.08；O,2.37；测试值：C,90.86；H,4.65；N,2.10；O,2.39。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为673.81，实测值为674.58。
实施例11：化合物76的合成
化合物76的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-7代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C49H29NO2)：理论值C,88.67；H,4.40；N,2.11；O,4.82；测试值：C,88.63；H,4.41；N,2.13；O,4.83。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为663.78，实测值为664.17。
实施例12：化合物91的合成
化合物91的合成步骤与化合物40的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-4用中间体Q-8代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C61H37NO2)：理论值C,89.79；H,4.57；N,1.72；O,3.92；测试值：C,89.73；H,4.58；N,1.75；O,3.94。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为815.97，实测值为814.89。
实施例13：化合物104的合成
化合物104的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-9代替，原料D-1用原料D-7代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C49H29NO2)：理论值C,88.67；H,4.40；N,2.11；O,4.82；测试值：C,88.63；H,4.41；N,2.13；O,4.83。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为663.78，实测值为664.27。
实施例14：化合物111的合成
化合物111的合成步骤与化合物76的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-2用原料D-8代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C55H34N2O)：理论值C,89.41；H,4.64；N,3.79；O,2.17；测试值：C,89.35；H,4.65；N,3.81；O,2.20。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为738.89，实测值为738.06。
实施例15：化合物120的合成
化合物120的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-10代替，原料D-1用原料D-9代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C58H39NO2)：理论值C,89.09；H,5.03；N,1.79；O,4.09；测试值：C,89.04；H,5.04；N,1.82；O,4.10。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为781.95，实测值为781.06。
实施例16：化合物128的合成
化合物128的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-11代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C47H29NO)：理论值C,90.50；H,4.69；N,2.25；O,2.56；测试值：C,90.45；H,4.70；N,2.27；O,2.58。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为623.75，实测值为624.51。
实施例17：化合物133的合成
化合物133的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-12代替，原料D-1用原料D-10代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C50H35N)：理论值C,92.42；H,5.43；N,2.16；测试值：C,92.38；H,5.44；N,2.19。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为649.84，实测值为650.52。
实施例18：化合物140的合成
化合物140的合成步骤与化合物7的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-13代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C59H37NO)：理论值C,91.33；H,4.81；N,1.81；O,2.06；测试值：C,91.28；H,4.82；N,1.83；O,2.08。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为775.95，实测值为775.11。
实施例19：化合物162的合成
化合物162的合成步骤与化合物128的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-2用原料D-11代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C53H34N2)：理论值C,91.09；H,4.90；N,4.01；测试值：C,91.05；H,4.92；N,4.03。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为698.87，实测值为698.53。
实施例20：化合物169的合成
化合物169的合成步骤与化合物128的合成步骤相似，只是将原料D-2用原料D-12代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C54H37N)：理论值C,92.67；H,5.33；N,2.00；测试值：C,92.63；H,5.34；N,2.03。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为699.90，实测值为699.08。
实施例21：化合物194的合成
化合物194的合成步骤与化合物2的合成步骤相似，只是将中间体Q-1用中间体Q-14代替，原料D-1用原料D-13代替；
元素分析结构(分子式C56H34N2O2)：理论值C,87.71；H,4.47；N,3.65；O,4.17；测试值：C,87.68；H,4.48；N,3.66；O,4.18。ESI-MS(m/z)(M+)：理论值为766.90，实测值为766.09。
本有机化合物在发光器件中使用，具有高的玻璃转化温度(Tg)和三线态能级(T1)，合适的HOMO、LUMO能级，可作为电子阻挡层或发光层主体材料使用。对本发明实施例制备的化合物分别进行热性能、T1能级以及HOMO能级测试，结果如表2所示。
表2
注：三线态能级T1是由日立的F4600荧光光谱仪测试，材料的测试条件为2*10- 5mol/mL的甲苯溶液；玻璃化转变温度Tg由示差扫描量热法(DSC，德国耐驰公司DSC204F1示差扫描量热仪)测定，升温速率10℃/min；最高占据分子轨道HOMO能级是由电离能量测试系统(IPS-3)测试，测试为大气环境；热失重温度Td是在氮气气氛中失重1％的温度，在日本岛津公司的TGA-50H热重分析仪上进行测定，氮气流量为20mL/min。
由上表数据可知，本发明的有机化合物具有不同的HOMO能级，可应用于不同的功能层，本发明以芴为核心的有机化合物具有较高的三线态能级及较高的热稳定性，使得所制作的含有本发明有机化合物的OLED器件效率和寿命均得到提升。
以下通过器件实施例1～20和器件比较例1详细说明本发明合成的OLED材料在器件中的应用效果。本发明所述器件实施例2～20、器件比较例1与器件实施例1相比，所述器件的制作工艺完全相同，并且所采用了相同的基板材料和电极材料，电极材料的膜厚也保持一致，所不同的是对器件中的电子阻挡层材料或发光层材料做了更换。
器件实施例1
如图1所示，透明基板层1为透明PI膜，对ITO阳极层2(膜厚为150nm)进行洗涤，即依次进行碱洗涤、纯水洗涤、干燥，再进行紫外线-臭氧洗涤以清除透明ITO表面的有机残留物。在进行了上述洗涤之后的ITO阳极层2上，利用真空蒸镀装置，蒸镀膜厚为10nm的HAT-CN作为空穴注入层3使用。接着蒸镀60nm厚度的HT-1作为空穴传输层4。随后蒸镀20nm厚度的化合物2作为电子阻挡层5。上述空穴传输材料蒸镀结束后，制作OLED发光器件的发光层6，其结构包括OLED发光层6所使用GH-1、GH-2作为主体材料，GD-1作为掺杂材料，掺杂材料掺杂比例为10％重量比，发光层膜厚为40nm。在上述发光层6之后，继续真空蒸镀电子传输层材料为ET-1和Liq。该材料的真空蒸镀膜厚为30nm，此层为空穴阻挡/电子传输层7。在空穴阻挡/电子传输层7上，通过真空蒸镀装置，制作膜厚为1nm的氟化锂(LiF)层，此层为电子注入层8。在电子注入层8上，通过真空蒸镀装置，制作膜厚为15nm的Mg：Ag电极层，此层为阴极层9。在阴极层9上，真空蒸镀70nm的CP-1，作为CPL层10。相关材料的分子结构式如下所示：
如上所述地完成OLED发光器件后，用公知的驱动电路将阳极和阴极连接起来，测量器件的电流效率，发光光谱以及器件的寿命。用同样的方法制备的器件实施例和比较例如表3所示；所得器件的电流效率、颜色和10mA/cm2电流下的LT97寿命的测试结果如表4所示。所得器件的效率衰减系数
的测试结果如表5所示。所得器件的电流测试结果如表6所示。
表3
表4
注：LT97指的是在电流密度为10mA/cm2情况下，器件亮度衰减到97％所用时间；
寿命测试系统为韩国脉冲科学M600型OLED器件寿命测试仪。
由表4的器件数据结果可以看出，与器件比较例1相比，本发明的有机发光器件无论是在效率还是寿命均相对于已知材料的OLED器件获得较大的提升。
为了比较不同器件在高电流密度下效率衰减的情况，定义效率衰减系数
进行表示，它表示驱动电流为100mA/cm2时器件的最大效率μ100与器件的最大效率μm之差与最大效率之间的比值，
值越大，说明器件的效率滚降越严重，反之，说明器件在高电流密度下快速衰降的问题得到了控制。对器件实施例1-20和器件比较例1分别进行效率衰减系数
的测定，检测结果如表5所示：
表5
从表5的数据来看，通过实施例和比较例的效率衰减系数对比我们可以看出，本发明的有机发光器件能够有效地降低效率滚降。
进一步的本发明材料制备的OLED器件在低温下工作时效率也比较稳定，将器件实施例1、9、18和器件比较例1在-10～80℃区间进行效率测试，所得结果如表6和图2所示。
表6
从表6和图2的数据可知，器件实施例1、9、18为本发明材料和已知材料搭配的器件结构，和器件比较例1相比，不仅低温效率高，而且在温度升高过程中，效率平稳升高。
Claims (8)
1.一种以芴为核心的有机化合物，其特征在于，所述化合物的结构如通式(I)所示：
其中，
m、n各自独立的表示为0、1、2、3或4，且m+n≥1；
Ar1、Ar2分别独立的表示为取代或未取代的C6-30亚芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的5-30元亚杂芳基中的一种；
R1、R2分别独立的表示为氢或通式(II)所示结构，且R1、R2不同时为氢；
通式(II)中，R5、R6分别独立的表示为氢原子、通式(III)、通式(IV)或通式(V)所示结构，且R5、R6不同时为氢；
通式(IV)、通式(V)中，X1、X2、X3分别独立的表示为氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、-C(R11)(R12)-、-N(R13)-或-Si(R14)(R15)-；X2还可以表示为单键；
R11～R15各自独立的表示为C1-10烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或者未被取代的5-30元杂芳基中的一种；R11与R12、R14与R15还可以相互键结成环；
通式(III)、通式(IV)或通式(V)通过CL1-CL2键、CL2-CL3键、CL3-CL4键、CL'1-CL'2键、CL'2-CL'3键或CL'3-CL'4与通式(II)并环连接；
R3、R4分别独立的表示为氢、卤素、氰基、C1-30烷基、取代或未取代的C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的5-30元杂芳基、通式(III)、通式(IV)所示结构，且R3、R4不同时为氢；
当R3、R4表示为通式(III)或通式(IV)所示结构，通式(III)或通式(IV)通过*标记的两个相邻位置与通式(I)中*标记的两个相邻的位置并环连接；
所述可被取代基团的取代基任选自氰基、卤素、C1-10烷基、C6-30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的5-30元杂芳基中的一种或几种；
所述杂原子任选自氧原子、硫原子或氮原子中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机化合物，其特征在于，所述Ar1、Ar2分别独立的表示为取代或未取代的亚苯基、取代或未取代的亚联苯基、取代或未取代的亚三联苯基、取代或未取代的亚萘基、取代或未取代的亚蒽基、取代或未取代的亚菲基、取代或未取代的亚吡啶基、取代或未取代的亚萘啶基、取代或未取代的亚咔唑基、取代或未取代的亚二苯并呋喃基或者取代或未取代的亚二苯并噻吩基中任一种；
所述R11～R15各自独立的表示为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、戊基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、吡啶基、萘啶基或二苯并呋喃基中任一种；
所述可被取代基团的取代基任选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、戊基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、吡啶基、萘啶基或二苯并呋喃基中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有机化合物，其特征在于，所述通式(II)的结构为：
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物，其特征在于，所述化合物的具体结构式为：
5.一种有机电致发光器件，其特征在于，所述有机电致发光器件包括至少一层含有权利要求1～4任一项所述的以芴为核心的有机化合物的功能层。
6.一种有机电致发光器件，包括电子阻挡层，其特征在于，所述电子阻挡层含有权利要求1～4任一项所述的以芴为核心的有机化合物。
7.一种有机电致发光器件，包括发光层，其特征在于，所述发光层含有权利要求1～4任一项所述的以芴为核心的有机化合物。
8.一种照明或显示元件，其特征在于，所述元件包括权利要求5～7任一所述的有机电致发光器件。
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