CN111734526A - Firer actuator adopting low-detonation-velocity explosive charging to reduce subsidiary impact and pollution - Google Patents
Firer actuator adopting low-detonation-velocity explosive charging to reduce subsidiary impact and pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN111734526A CN111734526A CN202010658484.4A CN202010658484A CN111734526A CN 111734526 A CN111734526 A CN 111734526A CN 202010658484 A CN202010658484 A CN 202010658484A CN 111734526 A CN111734526 A CN 111734526A
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- explosive
- powder
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- actuator
- ignition
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/32—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrated pentaerythritol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/02—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/02—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
- C06B31/04—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with carbon or sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B45/00—Engines characterised by operating on non-liquid fuels other than gas; Plants including such engines
- F02B45/02—Engines characterised by operating on non-liquid fuels other than gas; Plants including such engines operating on powdered fuel, e.g. powdered coal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/023—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle one
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an initiating explosive actuator adopting low detonation velocity charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution, which comprises a short circuit sleeve, an insulating sleeve, a sealant, an electric ignition head, a reinforcing ring, a tube shell, a driving powder, a gasket, a sealing ring and a piston. The electric igniter is composed of electrode plug, igniting powder, bridge wire and two conducting wires. The ignition charge is trinitroresorcinol lead or other weak initiating charges and ignition powder. The driving explosive is low-detonation-speed and low-power explosive, and can be hexogen or Taian-based granular foam explosive, or modified black powder, or boron/potassium nitrate ignition explosive, or Ether-based PBXN301 mixed explosive and the like. The initiating explosive agent in the traditional initiating explosive actuator is partially or completely replaced by the low-power agent, so that the incidental impact and pollution of the initiating explosive actuator during working can be reduced, the reliability of fuses, ammunition and spacecrafts is improved, and the intrinsic safety of matched products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of initiating explosive devices, and particularly relates to an initiating explosive actuator which adopts low detonation velocity charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution.
Background
The initiating explosive actuator comprises an initiating explosive pushing pin device and an initiating explosive pulling pin device which are commonly used in ammunition and fuze, and realizes the control conversion of electric-mechanical signals by using a single-stroke internal combustion engine principle and taking a small amount of explosive as energy. Because of its small volume, light weight, large specific energy (energy/mass), mature technology, reliable performance and wide application.
The fire separation device for separation, release and expansion control in spacecraft comprises a piston type thruster (also called a stroke actuator), the technical essence of which is the same as that of the above-mentioned fire actuator, and the device is only used for realizing higher reliability, larger volume and more complex structure.
The common energy agents currently used in the initiating explosive actuator are mixed ignition powder (such as 50% potassium chlorate, 47% lead thiocyanate and 3% lead chromate), propellant powder (such as cobaltic-2 and 2/1 camphor powder), and weak initiator powder (such as trinitroresorcinol lead, namely stevensite, dinitrobenzofuroxan potassium). Wherein 2/1 the main component nitrocotton of camphor-type gunpowder has an energy index 26% higher than that of trinitrotoluene. The energy index of nitroglycerin which is the main component of the cobaltosic-2 propellant is 59 percent higher than that of trinitrotoluene. And trinitroresorcinol lead at a density of 2.6 g/cm3The detonation velocity is 4900 m/s; at a density of 2.9 g/cm3The detonation velocity is 5200 m/s. 200 g of dinitrobenzofuroxan potassium sand elasticity test sand crushing amount (power) is equivalent to 93 percent of trinitrotoluene.
This means that the power of the energy agents currently used in firing actuators, including so-called weak initiating charges, is still large. During the operation, large impact and harmful gas leakage can be generated, and surplus substances and pollutants are formed, so that the internal structure of application products such as fuses, ammunition and spacecrafts is deformed or damaged, and adjacent parts, components and subsystems are potentially adversely affected or directly failed. Especially under the circumstances that cavity space is narrow and small, actuator body structure is comparatively weak to the impact that the pin pusher structure produced and leak the pollution stronger than the pin puller structure. There are many instances of this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an initiating explosive actuator which adopts low detonation velocity charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution, can reduce incidental impact generated by the actuator when the actuator works, and avoids the failure of nearby parts due to the working of the actuator; the leakage of products formed by internal gunpowder from the inside of the tube shell can be reduced, the incidental pollution is reduced or avoided, the influence of the incidental pollution on the working reliability of nearby mechanisms (particularly motion mechanisms) is reduced, the reliability of the fuse, the ammunition and the spacecraft is improved, and the intrinsic safety of matched products is improved.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an explosive actuator using low detonation velocity charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution is applied to the occasion that only the explosive actuator is required to provide thrust, and the requirement of speed emphasis, namely no synchronism is required. Most or all of the initiating explosive in the traditional initiating explosive actuator is replaced by low-detonation velocity (detonation velocity is less than 3000 m/s) and low-power (less than 60% of TNTNTNT power) explosive, and the explosive comprises granular foam explosive based on hexogen or Taian, modified black powder, boron/potassium nitrate ignition powder, PBXN301 mixed explosive based on Ethenne and the like. The bridge wire has few ignition charges, and trinitroresorcinol lead or other weak initiating charges (ignition powder) can still be used. The initiating explosive agent in the traditional initiating explosive actuator is partially or completely replaced by the low-power agent, so that the incidental impact and pollution of the initiating explosive actuator during working can be reduced, the reliability of the fuse, the ammunition and the spacecraft is improved, and the intrinsic safety of the matched product (the fuse, the ammunition or the spacecraft) is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by reducing the power of the driving powder, the incidental impact generated by the driving powder when the actuator works is reduced, the leakage of the driving powder product from the inside of the tube shell can be reduced, incidental pollution is reduced, and the reliability of the fuse, the ammunition and the spacecraft is improved; (2) is beneficial to improving the intrinsic safety of the matched product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration of an pyrotechnic actuator employing a low-detonation velocity charge to reduce incidental impact and contamination in accordance with example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a short circuit sleeve, 2 is an insulating sleeve, 3 is sealant, 4 is an electric ignition head, 41 is a lead, 42 is an electrode plug, 43 is ignition powder, 44 is a bridge wire, 5 is a reinforcing ring, 6 is a tube shell, 7 is driving powder, 8 is a gasket, 9 is a sealing ring and 10 is a piston.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
An explosive actuator adopting low detonation velocity explosive charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution is characterized in that explosive agents or most of the explosive agents in the traditional explosive actuator are replaced by explosive with low detonation velocity (such as less than 3000 m/s) and low power (less than 60% of TNTNT power), such as granular foam explosive based on hexogen or Taian, modified black powder, boron/potassium nitrate ignition powder, PBXN301 mixed explosive based on Ethen and the like. The ignition powder on the bridge wire still uses trinitroresorcinol lead or other weak initiating explosive (ignition powder) because of small dosage.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the initiating explosive actuator adopting low detonation velocity charging to reduce incidental impact and pollution is composed of a short circuit sleeve 1, an electric ignition head 4, a reinforcing ring 5, a tube shell 6, a driving powder 7, a gasket 8, a sealing ring 9, a piston 10 and two insulating sleeves 2. The electric ignition head 4 is composed of an electrode plug 42, an ignition charge 43, a bridge wire 44 and two lead wires 41, wherein the ignition charge 43 is trinitroresorcinol lead or other weak initiating charges and ignition charges, and the ignition charge 43 is wrapped on the periphery of the bridge wire 44. After a certain voltage pulse is loaded at the two ends of the bridge wire 44, the bridge wire 44 will generate a large amount of heat in a short time to ignite the ignition charge 43. One end of each of the two wires 41 is inserted into the electrode plug 42, the other end of each of the two wires 41 is exposed out of the outer end face of the electrode plug 42 and extends out of the tube shell 6, the two wires 41 extending out of the tube shell 6 respectively pass through the inner hole of one of the insulating sleeves 2, so that the two wires 41 do not contact with each other near the end face of the electrode plug 42 and then jointly pass through the inner hole of the short circuit sleeve 1, so that the two wires 41 on the electric ignition head 4 are in a connection state, the firer actuator is ensured to be in a short circuit state before. The electrode plug 42 and the insulating sleeve 2 are made of insulating materials, so that the two conducting wires 41 on the electric ignition head 4 are in an insulating state.
The tube shell 6 is of a thin-wall cylinder structure, one end of the tube shell is an ignition end, and the other end of the tube shell is an output end. The piston 10 is a two-step stepped shaft, the first-step stepped shaft with a large diameter and the second-step stepped shaft with a small diameter, the end of the second-step stepped shaft faces outwards and is arranged in the tube shell 6 close to the output end, and the end face of the second-step stepped shaft does not protrude out of the end face of the output end of the tube shell 6. The first step shaft of the piston 10 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the pipe shell 6, and one end of the piston 10 is guided for axial movement. The middle part of the first-step stepped shaft is provided with a section of annular groove, and the annular groove and the inner cavity of the tube shell 6 form an annular cavity. The sealing ring 9 is an annular rubber ring and is arranged in an annular cavity between the piston 10 and the tube shell 6, so that the sealing ring 9 is in a radial compression state and plays a role in sealing. The electric ignition head 4, the driving powder 7 and the gasket 8 are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the tube shell 6 from the ignition end and are positioned between the end face of the input end of the tube shell 6 and the end face of the first stepped shaft of the piston 10. The driving powder 7 is wrapped on the periphery of the ignition powder 43, and the driving powder 7 is ignited after the ignition powder 43 is ignited. The reinforcing ring 5 is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outer walls of the electrode plug 42 and the driving powder 7, the gasket 8 is arranged between the driving powder 7 and the end face of the first step shaft of the piston 10, the outer wall of the reinforcing ring 5 is tightly attached to the inner cavity of the tube shell 6, and the reinforcing ring and the driving powder are in precise clearance fit. The two ends of the tube shell 6 are tightened and fixed in an inward-turning closing-in mode, and the closing-in inner hole of the output end of the tube shell is tightly attached to the outer wall surface of the second-step stepped shaft of the piston 10, so that the other end of the tube shell is guided for the axial movement of the piston 10. The closing ports at the two ends of the tube shell 6 are sealed by the sealant 3.
Further, the propellant 7 is a low-detonation-velocity and low-power explosive, and comprises a granular foam explosive based on hexogen or Taian, such as industrial explosive RY2 (containing 75% of hexogen and 25% of high polymer resin micropowder) and a foam explosive (containing 73% of Taian and 27% of expandable polystyrene); modified black powder, such as sulfur-free black powder (containing 70-83% potassium nitrate and the balance of charcoal); boron/potassium nitrate ignition powder (which is a medium and external standard ignition powder, contains 23.6-23.7% of boron, 70.7% of potassium nitrate and 5.6-5.7% of adhesive); a PBXN301 mixed explosive based on Ether-An (American Standard prescription explosive, containing Tai' an 80% and insensitive agent silicone resin 20%), and the like. The driving explosive 7 generates gas-solid mixed products with proper pressure after ignition or detonation, so that the piston 10 is pushed to move towards the output end, the second stepped shaft part of the piston protrudes out of the end face of the output end of the pipe shell 6, and thrust is provided for the outside.
The utility model provides an adopt low detonation velocity powder charge to reduce subsidiary impact and the explosive actuator of pollution, changes the explosive agent part in traditional explosive actuator or whole into low power medicament, can reduce subsidiary impact and the pollution of explosive actuator during operation to improve the reliability of detonator, ammunition and spacecraft, also be favorable to the product (detonator, ammunition or spacecraft) that is used and improve essential safety.
The working process of the initiating explosive actuator adopting the low detonation velocity explosive to reduce the subsidiary impact and pollution is as follows:
during storage at ordinary times, the short circuit sleeve 1 ensures that the initiating explosive device is in a short circuit state, and the initiating explosive device cannot accumulate charges at two ends of the bridgewire 44 to form voltage under the action of static electricity or other electromagnetic interference, so that the safety of the initiating explosive device at ordinary times is ensured.
Before the initiating explosive actuator is arranged in a matched product, the short circuit sleeve 1 is removed, and two leads 41 are connected into a working circuit. When the working circuit outputs an action signal, namely a certain voltage pulse is loaded at two ends of the electric ignition head 4, the bridgewire 44 generates a large amount of heat in a short time to ignite the ignition powder 43, the ignition powder 43 further ignites the driving powder 7, and the driving powder 7 generates a gas-solid mixed product with proper pressure in a short time after ignition or detonation, so that the piston 10 is pushed to move towards the output end, the second step shaft part of the piston protrudes out of the tube shell 6, and thrust is provided for the outside. Because the driving explosive 7 is an explosive with low explosion speed and low power, the explosive impact formed when the explosive actuator works is weaker, the pollution is lighter or the pollution can be eliminated.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an adopt low detonation velocity powder charge to reduce by-pass impact and fire actuator who pollutes which characterized in that: most or all of the explosive agents in the traditional explosive actuator are replaced by low-detonation-velocity and low-power explosive as driving powder (7).
2. A pyrotechnic actuator as claimed in claim 1 employing a low detonation velocity charge to reduce collateral shock and contamination characterised in that: the detonation velocity of the driving powder (7) is less than 3000 m/s, and the power is less than 60% of the power of the TNT.
3. A pyrotechnic actuator as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 employing a low detonation velocity charge to reduce collateral shock and contamination characterised in that: the driving explosive (7) adopts a granular foam explosive based on hexogen or Taian, modified black powder, boron/potassium nitrate ignition explosive and PBXN301 mixed explosive based on Ether-an.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010658484.4A CN111734526B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Firer actuator adopting low-detonation-velocity explosive charging to reduce subsidiary impact and pollution |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010658484.4A CN111734526B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Firer actuator adopting low-detonation-velocity explosive charging to reduce subsidiary impact and pollution |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111734526A true CN111734526A (en) | 2020-10-02 |
| CN111734526B CN111734526B (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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| CN202010658484.4A Active CN111734526B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Firer actuator adopting low-detonation-velocity explosive charging to reduce subsidiary impact and pollution |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112736570A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-30 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Separation type monitoring device and separation monitoring method |
| CN113307711A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-27 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of chemical igniter for testing dust explosion characteristics of energetic material |
| CN114526650A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-24 | 南京理工大学 | Fuse self-failure method based on corrosive agent of preceding-stage sensitive explosive element |
| CN114562921A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Electric igniter for realizing intrinsic safety by insensitive charging |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112736570A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-30 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Separation type monitoring device and separation monitoring method |
| CN113307711A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-27 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of chemical igniter for testing dust explosion characteristics of energetic material |
| CN114526650A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-24 | 南京理工大学 | Fuse self-failure method based on corrosive agent of preceding-stage sensitive explosive element |
| CN114562921A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Electric igniter for realizing intrinsic safety by insensitive charging |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111734526B (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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