CN111732478B - Honeycomb-shaped citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application - Google Patents
Honeycomb-shaped citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111732478B CN111732478B CN202010628540.XA CN202010628540A CN111732478B CN 111732478 B CN111732478 B CN 111732478B CN 202010628540 A CN202010628540 A CN 202010628540A CN 111732478 B CN111732478 B CN 111732478B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZOYQVVVFGFZXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[Mg].[Ca].[Si] Chemical compound [K].[Mg].[Ca].[Si] ZOYQVVVFGFZXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 calcium magnesium sulfonated humic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MXPNFHJJDZAYGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[P].[Mg].[Ca].[Si] Chemical compound [K].[P].[Mg].[Ca].[Si] MXPNFHJJDZAYGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000005976 Citrus sinensis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 240000002319 Citrus sinensis Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural preparations, and particularly relates to a cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application. The raw material components are as follows: 20-35 parts of sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium; 15-22 parts of husk silica alkali; 15-20 parts of alkaline residue; 20-33 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer; 2-7 parts of polyacrylamide; 6-10 parts of binder. Compared with the conditioner without being treated, the conditioner can obviously improve the yield of navel oranges and obviously improve the quality of the navel oranges; the conditioner has a strong resistance and control effect on soil acidity under the condition of not applying the conditioner through the protection effect of the rice husk silica alkali on the acid regulating components, and the application of the conditioner can obviously save the production cost in the orange planting process, greatly improve the operation efficiency and increase the production benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural preparations, and particularly relates to a cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application.
Background
The soil conditioner is a product which is processed by a scientific process and takes an agricultural water retention agent, natural peat rich in organic matters and humic acid or other organic matters and inorganic materials as main raw materials and biological active ingredients and nutrient elements as auxiliary materials, and has four soil conditioning performances of water retention, fertilizer increase, ventilation, acid and alkali balance and the like; the soil volume weight can be effectively reduced, the soil is loosened, the air permeability of the soil is improved, the fertilizer water permeability of the soil is enhanced, the pH value of the soil is adjusted, the microbial activity of the soil is promoted, the survival rate of tree planting and the yield of agricultural and forestry products are greatly improved, the quality of the agricultural and forestry products is improved, and the natural appearance of the agricultural and forestry products is recovered; the fertilizer is completely pollution-free, pollution-free and free of biological hormone, is different from various chemical fertilizers, pesticides, leaf fertilizers and biological hormones in the international market, and is a novel green agricultural production data for world agriculture and forestry planting.
At present, the soil acidification of the citrus orchard in south China is continuously intensified, and the soil quality is continuously reduced. How to effectively improve the acidity of the soil and continuously improve the quality of the soil becomes one of the main problems in the citrus planting process. For a long time, fruit growers improve acidified soil of citrus orchard by spreading lime on the surface, however, the long-term or large-amount application of lime easily causes imbalance of soil nutrients and even causes some adverse effects on soil quality. After the soil acidification conditioner is applied on the surface, the soil acidification conditioner can be uniformly mixed with surface soil by manual operation, the working efficiency is extremely low, the labor amount is extremely large, in recent years, the labor cost is greatly increased, the production cost is obviously improved, and most fruit growers are forced to give up applying the soil conditioner. Most of citrus orchards in south China are located in hilly and mountainous areas, and terrace planting is mainly used, so that the conventional mechanical soil conditioner applying equipment can not work basically. Therefore, the effective improvement of soil quality without increasing or decreasing production cost is one of the main problems encountered in the current citrus production process. Based on the background, the invention mainly solves the problems of high cost and low operation efficiency in the process of improving the soil of the terrace-type citrus orchard, and provides the cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects mentioned in the background technology, the invention aims to provide the cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application comprises the following raw material components:
20-35 parts of sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium; 15-22 parts of husk silica alkali; 15-20 parts of alkaline residue;
20-33 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer; 2-7 parts of polyacrylamide; 6-10 parts of a binder;
the preparation method of the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sulfonated humic acid crude material: firstly, preparing concentrated nitric acid into a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 25-30%, then adding weathered coal according to the coal-acid ratio of 0.5-0.8, wherein the content of humic acid is 40-50%, and stirring for 30-40min to obtain a sulfonated humic acid coarse material;
(2) preparing sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium: crushing 100 parts of the crude sulfonated humic acid material prepared in the step (1) into 50 parts of a 60-mesh calcined dolomite dry base, adding 70-80% of water by weight of the crude sulfonated humic acid material, uniformly stirring by a stirrer, reacting for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and curing to obtain calcium magnesium sulfonated humic acid; the husk silica alkali is prepared by the following method:
carbonizing the rice husks at 500-600 ℃ for 4-6h, ventilating and cooling to room temperature to obtain carbonized rice husks; and then adding saturated lime water into the carbonized chaff, controlling the mass ratio of the carbonized chaff to the hydrogen saturated lime water to be 1: 5-1: 10, boiling and keeping for 4-6h to obtain the chaff silica alkali.
The preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 24-66% of bentonite, 17-31% of boric sludge and 6-15% of pregelatinized starch in proportion, and then carrying out fine grinding treatment, wherein the granularity of the ground product is less than or equal to 0.08mm and reaches 95%.
The polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300-500 ten thousand.
The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application is prepared by the following steps: fully mixing the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium, the chaff silica alkali, the alkaline residue, the silicon-calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the polyacrylamide, the binder and water in a stirrer according to the parts by weight, then carrying out molding granulation by using a fertilizer molding machine to obtain molded particles, and drying the molded particles to obtain the honeycomb citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application.
Before the binder is added, the mixed material system is also crushed, and the particle size of the crushed mixed material system is 0.1-0.5 mm.
The honeycomb void volume of the conditioner in the granulation process is not less than 50%, and the weight of the single granule of the conditioner is not less than 250 g. The drying temperature of the formed particles is 60-75 ℃.
The application of the honeycomb citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application comprises the following steps: the fertilizer is used for soil acidification improvement and nutrient supplement of citrus orchard, and the using amount of the fertilizer is 5-10 per plant.
The invention has the advantages of
(1) The conditioner treatment prepared by the method has obvious influence on the yield and the quality of the Gannan navel orange, and compared with the condition treatment without the conditioner, the yield of the commercial fruit treated by the conditioner can be obviously increased.
(2) The conditioner prepared by the invention can reduce the soil active acid (soil pH), greatly reduce the potential acid content (soil exchangeable acid) of the citrus orchard soil and effectively improve the acidity of the citrus orchard soil.
(3) The conditioner can obviously supplement soil nutrient elements and improve the soil fertility level.
(4) The conditioner prepared by the invention has a relatively lasting effect on soil acidity improvement, and the rice husk silica alkali can keep the inhibitor, so that the conditioner still has relatively strong inhibition capability on soil acidity in the second-year planting process without applying the conditioner.
(5) The large-particle honeycomb conditioner is mainly convenient for mechanized application of citrus orchards in hilly and mountainous areas, can greatly improve the operating efficiency, obviously saves the labor cost and increases the acre yield.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application comprises the following raw material components:
30 parts of sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium; 20 parts of husk silica alkali; 18 parts of caustic sludge;
25 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer; 5 parts of polyacrylamide; 8 parts of a binder;
the preparation method of the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sulfonated humic acid crude material: firstly, preparing concentrated nitric acid into a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 25%, then adding weathered coal according to the proportion of coal acid to coal acid of 0.5, wherein the content of humic acid is 40%, and stirring for 30min to obtain a sulfonated humic acid coarse material;
(2) preparing sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium: crushing 100 parts of the crude sulfonated humic acid material prepared in the step (1) into 50 parts of a 60-mesh calcined dolomite dry base, adding water accounting for 80% of the total weight of the crude sulfonated humic acid material, uniformly stirring the mixture by a stirrer, reacting the mixture for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and curing the mixture to obtain calcium magnesium sulfonated humic acid; the husk silica alkali is prepared by the following method:
carbonizing the chaff at 500 ℃ for 6h, ventilating and cooling to room temperature to obtain carbonized chaff; and then adding saturated lime water into the carbonized chaff, controlling the mass ratio of the carbonized chaff to the hydrogen saturated lime water to be 1: 5-1: 10, boiling and keeping for 5 hours to obtain the chaff silica alkali.
The preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 45% of bentonite, 22% of boric sludge and 8% of pregelatinized starch in proportion, and performing fine grinding treatment, wherein the granularity of the ground product is less than or equal to 0.08mm and reaches 95%.
The polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide, and the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide is 400 ten thousand.
The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application is prepared by the following steps: fully mixing the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium, the chaff silica alkali, the alkaline residue, the silicon-calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the polyacrylamide, the binder and water in a stirrer according to the parts by weight, then carrying out molding granulation by using a fertilizer molding machine to obtain molded particles, and drying the molded particles to obtain the honeycomb citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application.
Before the binder is added, the mixed material system is also crushed, and the particle size of the crushed mixed material system is 0.3 mm.
The honeycomb void volume of the conditioner in the granulation process is not less than 50%, and the weight of the single granule of the conditioner is not less than 250 g. The drying temperature of the formed particles was 70 ℃.
The application of the honeycomb citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application comprises the following steps: the fertilizer is used for soil acidification improvement and nutrient supplement of citrus orchard, and the using amount of the fertilizer is 6 per tree.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no Husky silica base was added during the process of making the acidified conditioner. The rest is the same as example 1.
By taking an acidification conditioner not applied as a contrast, a comparison test is carried out on the soil acidification conditioner prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention and the acidification conditioner prepared in the comparative example 1 on the Gannan navel orange tree, and the soil acidification conditioner is continuously positioned and observed for 2 years, wherein the soil acidification conditioner is applied in the first year, the soil acidification conditioner is not applied in the second year, and the quality indexes of soluble solids (sugar index), total acidity, Vc, solid acid ratio and the like of the navel orange are measured in the harvest period every year, and the result is shown in Table 1. Compared with the method of not applying the conditioner, the method of applying the soil acidification conditioner treatment obviously improves the yield of the navel oranges, obviously improves the sugar-acid ratio and Vc content of the fruits and effectively improves the quality of the navel oranges. The yield and solids to acid ratio of the conditioner treatment of example 1 was significantly improved in the second year compared to the conditioner treatment of comparative example 1, indicating that the addition of the encrusted silica alkali has some effect on maintaining a continuous supply of nutrients and a continuous improvement in soil acidity.
TABLE 1
After the soil acidification conditioner is applied once, the influence on the soil pH and the soil exchangeable acid in 2 years is observed in a positioning way, and the result is shown in the table 2, so that in the first year, the conditioner in the example 1 and the conditioner in the comparative example 1 have no obvious difference, but are all obviously higher than the conditioner without application; the pH of the soil treated with the conditioner of example 1 decreased and the increase in exchangeable acids was significantly lower in the second year than in the first year than in comparative example 1. The acidification conditioner prepared by the invention has stronger continuous acid regulation capability and relatively durable resistance control effect; compared with the conditioner in the comparative example 1, under the condition that no husk silica alkali is added, the effect of controlling the acidity of the soil is relatively short, and the rebound is serious in the next year, which shows that the husk silica alkali has a certain protection effect on the acidity-adjusting components.
TABLE 2
The economic benefits of applying conventional conditioning agents and applying large particle conditioning agents prepared according to the present invention are calculated as follows:
the daily working area of one ordinary worker is about 1.5 mu by applying the conventional conditioner, and the daily working area of one ordinary worker can reach 6 mu by applying the conditioner mechanically. Therefore, compared with the conventional conditioner, the conditioner provided by the invention can greatly improve the operation efficiency, which is 3 times higher than that of the conventional conditioner. Although the production data input cost of the conditioner is increased by 15 yuan/mu compared with the conventional conditioner, the labor cost is reduced by 65 yuan/mu, and the production data input cost and the labor cost are saved by 50 yuan/mu compared with the conventional conditioner. On the premise of not considering improving the quality and increasing the output value, the production benefit of the conditioner is increased by 1325 yuan/mu compared with the conventional conditioner. Therefore, the conditioner can obviously improve the operation efficiency, save the production cost and increase the production benefit.
TABLE 3
Claims (8)
1. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application is characterized by comprising the following raw material components: 20-35 parts of sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium; 15-22 parts of husk silica alkali; 15-20 parts of alkaline residue; 20-33 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer; 2-7 parts of polyacrylamide; 6-10 parts of a binder; the preparation method of the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sulfonated humic acid crude material: firstly, preparing concentrated nitric acid into a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 25-30%, then adding weathered coal according to the coal-acid ratio of 0.5-0.8, wherein the content of humic acid is 40-50%, and stirring for 30-40min to obtain a sulfonated humic acid coarse material;
(2) preparing sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium: crushing 100 parts of the crude sulfonated humic acid material prepared in the step (1) into 50 parts of a 60-mesh calcined dolomite dry base, adding 70-80% of water by weight of the crude sulfonated humic acid material, uniformly stirring by a stirrer, reacting for 4 hours at 90 ℃, and curing to obtain calcium magnesium sulfonated humic acid; the husk silica alkali is prepared by the following method:
carbonizing the rice husks at 500-600 ℃ for 4-6h, ventilating and cooling to room temperature to obtain carbonized rice husks; adding saturated lime water into the carbonized chaff, controlling the mass ratio of the carbonized chaff to the saturated lime water to be 1: 5-1: 10, boiling and keeping for 4-6h to obtain the chaff silica alkali;
the honeycomb void volume of the conditioner during granulation is not less than 50%.
2. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the binder is as follows:
uniformly mixing 24-66% of bentonite, 17-31% of boric sludge and 6-15% of pregelatinized starch in proportion, and then carrying out fine grinding treatment, wherein the granularity of the ground product is less than or equal to 0.08mm and reaches 95%.
3. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for being applied by machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 300-500 ten thousand.
4. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application according to claim 1 is prepared by the following method: fully mixing the sulfonated humic acid calcium magnesium, the chaff silica alkali, the alkaline residue, the silicon-calcium-magnesium-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the polyacrylamide, the binder and water in a stirrer according to the parts by weight, then carrying out molding granulation by using a fertilizer molding machine to obtain molded particles, and drying the molded particles to obtain the honeycomb citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for mechanical application.
5. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient to machine application according to claim 4, wherein before the binder is added, a mixed material system is further subjected to crushing treatment, and the particle size of the crushed mixed material system is 0.1-0.5 mm.
6. A cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner facilitating machine application according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the weight of the individual particles of conditioner is not less than 250 g.
7. The cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner convenient for machine application according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature of the formed particles is 60-75 ℃.
8. Use of a cellular citrus orchard soil acidification conditioner for facilitating machine application according to claim 1 for soil acidification improvement and nutrient supplementation of citrus orchard soil, wherein 5 to 10 per plant are used.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN116535272A (en) * | 2023-06-17 | 2023-08-04 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Selenium-rich organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method and application method thereof |
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| CN106699485A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-24 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit tree honeycomb fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107418586A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-12-01 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of graininess paddy fields in south china acidic soil conditioner using rice husk as matrix |
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| CN111233574A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Preparation method of subsurface soil salinity conditioner |
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| CN107418586A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-12-01 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of graininess paddy fields in south china acidic soil conditioner using rice husk as matrix |
| CN106699485A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-24 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit tree honeycomb fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109627105A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-16 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of soil conditioner of the anti-yellow of acid-proof and its preparation and application |
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