CN111730358A - Linear rolling guide rail of machine tool and method for repairing oil film of linear rolling guide rail - Google Patents
Linear rolling guide rail of machine tool and method for repairing oil film of linear rolling guide rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN111730358A CN111730358A CN202010725610.3A CN202010725610A CN111730358A CN 111730358 A CN111730358 A CN 111730358A CN 202010725610 A CN202010725610 A CN 202010725610A CN 111730358 A CN111730358 A CN 111730358A
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- Prior art keywords
- guide rail
- linear rolling
- machine tool
- rolling guide
- oil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/121—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction
- B23Q11/124—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction for lubricating linear guiding systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing an oil film of a linear rolling guide rail, which is applied to the linear rolling guide rail of a machine tool and comprises the following steps: forward moving the slide block: firstly, controlling the slide block to move forwards along the guide rail by an oil film repairing program, wherein the moving distance is more than 2 times of the length of the slide block; reverse movement slider: the oil film repairing program controls the sliding block to move reversely along the guide rail for the same distance and return to the starting point; reinforcing lubricating oil supply: the invention discloses a numerical control linear rolling guide rail for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a central lubricating system, a rolling way, a rolling ball, a roller path, an oil film repairing program, a temperature rising, noise, vibration and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a guide rail, in particular to a linear rolling guide rail of a machine tool.
Background
With the continuous development of modern manufacturing technology, numerical control technology, electromechanical integration and industrial robots are more widely applied in production. The positioning, guiding precision, cutting speed and rapid feeding of the mechanical transmission mechanism are continuously improved, so that the linear rolling guide rail pair replaces a sliding linear guide rail which is widely used in the past, a centralized lubricating system replaces manual oil supply, and the linear rolling guide rail can realize high-precision linear motion under the condition of high load.
When the coordinate axis of the machine tool is continuously and slightly fed for a long time, under the condition of low-speed operation, lubricating oil is easy to leak, a good oil film is not formed between the ball and the roller path and is positioned in a boundary lubricating area, the friction factor is increased, and the friction force is larger. In addition, the lubricating effect of the ball and the raceway in the partial area far away from the lubricating oil nozzle is poor, the oil film is gradually damaged, and the friction force between the ball and the raceway in the linear guide rail pair is increased and the abrasion is increased. At the moment, the working stability and reliability of the machine tool are greatly reduced, and the performances of temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated, so that the processing precision and the processing quality of the numerical control machine tool are influenced.
Under the condition of poor lubrication condition for a long time, the friction and the abrasion of the linear rolling guide rail are aggravated, the temperature rise inside the slide block is abnormal, and finally the linear rolling guide rail is in failure, and common failure and failure modes comprise guide rail rolling track surface fatigue pitting, slide block clamping stagnation, slide block reverser cracking or ablation, slide block rolling track surface fatigue pitting, rolling body flying, rolling body crushing and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a machine tool linear rolling guide rail with a repairable oil film, so that the problems that the stability and the reliability of a machine tool are greatly reduced, and the performances such as temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated due to increased friction and increased abrasion generated after the oil film between a ball and a raceway is damaged are avoided, and the machining precision and the machining quality of a numerical control machine tool are prevented from being influenced.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention also aims to provide a method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail, which avoids the problems that the stability and the reliability of a machine tool are greatly reduced, the performances such as temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated and the influence on the machining precision and the machining quality of a numerical control machine tool is avoided.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the machine tool linear rolling guide rail comprises a guide rail and a sliding block which is slidably installed on the guide rail, a raceway is formed between the guide rail and the sliding block, the machine tool linear rolling guide rail further comprises a ball, an inner sealing gasket, an end face sealing gasket and a bottom sealing gasket, the ball is contained in the raceway, the inner sealing gasket is located between the guide rail and the sliding block, the end face sealing gasket is located at the end part of the sliding block, the bottom sealing gasket is located at the contact part of the sliding block and the bottom of the guide rail, and the inner sealing gasket, the end face sealing gasket and the bottom sealing gasket seal the raceway to prevent lubricating oil in the raceway from leaking.
Further, the machine tool linear rolling guide rail further comprises an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle is communicated with the roller path to supply oil to the roller path.
Further, the machine tool linear rolling guide rail also comprises a retainer, and the retainer is arranged between the guide rail and the sliding block.
Further, the machine tool linear rolling guide rail also comprises an inverter, and the inverter is installed at the end part of the sliding block.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for repairing an oil film of a linear rolling guide rail is applied to the linear rolling guide rail of a machine tool and comprises the following steps:
forward moving the slide block: firstly, controlling the slide block to move forwards along the guide rail by an oil film repairing program, wherein the moving distance is more than 2 times of the length of the slide block;
reverse movement slider: the oil film repairing program controls the sliding block to move reversely along the guide rail for the same distance and return to the starting point;
reinforcing lubricating oil supply: the numerical control system controls the centralized lubricating system to automatically inject lubricating oil into the sliding block at regular time and quantity, and the oil film repairing program controls the centralized lubricating system to strengthen the forced supply of the lubricating oil.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: when the coordinate axis of the machine tool continuously performs micro-feeding for a long time, an oil film repairing program is inserted in the middle of the linear rolling guide rail micro-feeding motion program.
Further, the speed of the forward moving slide block is equal to the speed of the reverse moving slide block.
Further, when the machine tool fast moving speed is less than or equal to 30m/min, the sliding block moving speed is the machine tool fast moving speed.
Further, when the machine tool fast moving speed is more than 30m/min, the moving speed of the slide block is set to be 30 m/min.
Further, when the width of the guide rail is 15mm or 20mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.2 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 25mm, 30mm or 35mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.3 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 45mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.4 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 55mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.5 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 65mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.6 ml/h.
Compared with the prior art, in the method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail, after the oil film between the ball and the raceway is damaged, the oil film between the ball and the raceway is restored by moving the slider in the forward direction, moving the slider in the reverse direction and enhancing the supply of lubricating oil, so that the increase of friction force and abrasion between the ball and the raceway caused by the damage of the oil film is avoided, the stability and reliability of a machine tool are greatly reduced, and the performances such as temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated, thereby avoiding the influence on the processing precision and the processing quality of a numerical control machine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear rolling guide rail of a machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail.
In the figure: 1. an inner sealing gasket; 2. a slider; 3. an inverter; 4. an end face sealing gasket; 5. a nozzle tip; 6. a bottom surface sealing gasket; 7. a holder; 8. a ball bearing; 9. a guide rail.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, secured by intervening elements. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, the linear rolling guide of a machine tool according to the present invention includes an inner sealing gasket 1, a slider 2, a reverser 3, an end sealing gasket 4, a nozzle 5, a bottom sealing gasket 6, a retainer 7, balls 8, and a guide 9.
The slider 2 is mounted to the guide rail 9. A raceway is formed between the slide 2 and the guide rail 9, and the balls 8 are located in the raceway. The oil nozzle 5 is communicated with the raceway to add lubricating oil into the raceway. The reverser 3 is mounted on the end of the slide 2. The reverser 3 is provided with a raceway and communicates with the raceway formed between the slider 2 and the guide rail 9 so that the raceway forms a circulation path. The inner sealing gasket 1 is positioned between the upper part of the guide rail 9 and the inside of the sliding block 2, and the end sealing gasket 4 is positioned at the end part of the sliding block 2 and is jointed with the reverser 3. The bottom sealing gasket 6 is positioned between the bottom of the side edge of the sliding block 2 and the side part of the guide rail 9. The retainer 7 is mounted on the bottom surface sealing gasket 6 and contacts the slider 2. The inner gasket 1, the end gasket 4 and the bottom gasket 6 maintain the seal of the raceway.
In general, the linear rolling guide pair moves in a state where the guide 9 is stationary and the slider 2 moves linearly. The ball 8 rotates around the axis of the ball 8 and rolls around the raceway, and when the ball 8 moves in the bearing area, the ball is not simply pure rolling but is formed by combining various spatial motions, including sliding motion of the ball 8, gyroscopic motion of the ball 8 and spinning motion of the ball 8. Sliding movement of the ball 8: besides rolling and rotating along the moving direction of the sliding block 2, the ball 8 in the bearing area can also slide around the normal direction of the contact surface. The sliding of the balls 8 increases the contact load of the balls 8, and the friction characteristics of the linear rolling guide pair are changed. Gyroscopic motion of the ball 8: because the contact angle of the linear rolling guide rail is not zero, the direction of the rotation axis of the ball 8 is changed continuously, and the gyro movement is generated under the action of gyro moment. Gyroscopic motion can cause sliding friction between the balls 8 and the raceways, increasing frictional losses, which gyroscopic motion should be suppressed or avoided. The spin motion of the ball 8: the motion of the ball 8 in the linear rolling guide rail pair is three-dimensional, and if the contact angle is not zero, the ball 8 can have a spinning motion around the normal of the contact point. The self-rotating motion has very important influence on the formation of an elastic lubricating oil film and the magnitude of friction force in the guide rail pair.
When the coordinate axis of the machine tool is continuously micro-fed for a long time, the slide block 2 of the linear rolling guide rail runs at a low speed for a long time, and the reciprocating distance is less than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the slide block 2. Under the condition of low-speed running, lubricating oil is easy to leak, a good oil film is not formed between the ball 8 and the roller path and is positioned in a boundary lubrication area, the friction factor is increased, and the friction force is larger. In addition, the lubricating effect of the balls 8 and the roller paths in the partial area far away from the oil nozzle 5 is poor, the oil film is gradually damaged, the friction force between the balls 8 and the roller paths in the linear guide rail pair is increased, and the abrasion is increased. At the moment, the working stability and reliability of the machine tool are greatly reduced, and the performances of temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated, so that the processing precision and the processing quality of the numerical control machine tool are influenced.
Under the condition of poor lubrication condition for a long time, the friction and the abrasion of the linear rolling guide rail are aggravated, the temperature rise inside the sliding block 2 is abnormal, and finally the linear rolling guide rail is in failure, and common failure and failure modes comprise the fatigue pitting of the rolling surface of the guide rail 9, the clamping stagnation of the sliding block 2, the breakage or the ablation of the reverser 3, the fatigue pitting of the rolling surface of the sliding block 2, the flying of the ball 8, the crushing of the ball 8 and the like.
Therefore, when the oil film needs to be repaired, three conditions for forming a hydrodynamic lubrication oil film must be considered:
(1) the two surfaces have relative movement speed; (2) a convergent wedge-shaped gap is formed between the two friction surfaces, and lubricating oil enters the small opening from the large opening and flows out; (3) the lubricating oil between the two surfaces has a certain viscosity, and the oil supply needs to be sufficient.
In order to supply oil sufficiently, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil forms a following table according to different specification models of the linear rolling guide rail.
Oil supply speed meter for linear rolling guide rail pair
| Specification (mm) | Lubricating oil supply rate (ml/h) |
| 15 | 0.2 |
| 20 | 0.2 |
| 25 | 0.3 |
| 30 | 0.3 |
| 35 | 0.3 |
| 45 | 0.4 |
| 55 | 0.5 |
| 65 | 0.6 |
With reference to fig. 2, the present application further relates to a method for repairing an oil film of a linear rolling guide, which is applied to the linear rolling guide of the machine tool, and includes the following steps:
forward moving the slider 2: firstly, controlling the slide block 2 to move forwards along the guide rail 9 by an oil film repairing program, wherein the moving distance is more than 2 times of the length of the slide block 2;
and (3) reversely moving the sliding block 2: the oil film repairing program controls the sliding block 2 to move reversely along the guide rail 9 for the same distance and return to the starting point;
reinforcing lubricating oil supply: the numerical control system controls the centralized lubrication system to automatically inject lubricating oil into the sliding block 2 in a fixed time and a fixed quantity, and the oil film repair program controls the centralized lubrication system to strengthen the forced supply of the lubricating oil.
Before the step of moving the slide block 2 forwards, the method further comprises the following steps: when the coordinate axis of the machine tool continuously performs micro-feeding for a long time, an oil film repairing program is inserted in the middle of the linear rolling guide rail micro-feeding motion program. The speed of forward movement of the slide 2 is equal to the speed of reverse movement. When the fast moving speed of the machine tool is less than or equal to 30m/min, the moving speed of the slide block 2 is the fast moving speed of the machine tool. When the fast moving speed of the machine tool is more than 30m/min, the moving speed of the slide block 2 is set to be 30 m/min.
By the method, the oil film between the ball 8 and the raceway is recovered, the increase of friction and abrasion between the ball 8 and the raceway caused by the damage of the oil film is avoided, the stability and the reliability of the machine tool are greatly reduced, and the performances such as temperature rise, noise, vibration and the like are obviously deteriorated, so that the influence on the processing precision and the processing quality of a numerical control machine tool is avoided.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lathe straight line roll guide, include guide rail and slidable mounting in the slider of guide rail, its characterized in that: the linear rolling guide rail of the machine tool further comprises a ball, an inner sealing gasket, an end face sealing gasket and a bottom sealing gasket, wherein the ball is contained in the raceway, the inner sealing gasket is located between the guide rail and the slide block, the end face sealing gasket is located at the end part of the slide block, the bottom sealing gasket is located at the contact part of the slide block and the bottom of the guide rail, and the inner sealing gasket, the end face sealing gasket and the bottom sealing gasket seal the raceway to prevent lubricating oil in the raceway from leaking.
2. The machine tool linear rolling guide of claim 1, wherein: the linear rolling guide rail of the machine tool further comprises an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle is communicated with the raceway to supply oil to the raceway.
3. The machine tool linear rolling guide of claim 1, wherein: the linear rolling guide rail of the machine tool further comprises a retainer, and the retainer is arranged between the guide rail and the sliding block.
4. The machine tool linear rolling guide of claim 1, wherein: the linear rolling guide rail of the machine tool further comprises an inverter, and the inverter is mounted at the end part of the sliding block.
5. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail is applied to the linear rolling guide rail of the machine tool according to the claims 1-4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
forward moving the slide block: firstly, controlling the slide block to move forwards along the guide rail by an oil film repairing program, wherein the moving distance is more than 2 times of the length of the slide block;
reverse movement slider: the oil film repairing program controls the sliding block to move reversely along the guide rail for the same distance and return to the starting point;
reinforcing lubricating oil supply: the numerical control system controls the centralized lubricating system to automatically inject lubricating oil into the sliding block at regular time and quantity, and the oil film repairing program controls the centralized lubricating system to strengthen the forced supply of the lubricating oil.
6. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail according to claim 5, wherein: further comprising the steps of: when the coordinate axis of the machine tool continuously performs micro-feeding for a long time, an oil film repairing program is inserted in the middle of the linear rolling guide rail micro-feeding motion program.
7. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail according to claim 6, wherein: the speed of the forward moving slide block is equal to the speed of the reverse moving slide block.
8. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail according to claim 7, wherein: and when the fast moving speed of the machine tool is less than or equal to 30m/min, the moving speed of the slide block is the fast moving speed of the machine tool.
9. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail according to claim 8, wherein: when the fast moving speed of the machine tool is more than 30m/min, the moving speed of the slide block is set to be 30 m/min.
10. The method for repairing the oil film of the linear rolling guide rail according to claim 5, wherein: when the width of the guide rail is 15mm or 20mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.2 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 25mm, 30mm or 35mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.3 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 45mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.4 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 55mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.5 ml/h; when the width of the guide rail is 65mm, the oil supply rate of the lubricating oil is 0.6 ml/h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010725610.3A CN111730358A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Linear rolling guide rail of machine tool and method for repairing oil film of linear rolling guide rail |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010725610.3A CN111730358A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Linear rolling guide rail of machine tool and method for repairing oil film of linear rolling guide rail |
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| CN111730358A true CN111730358A (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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| CN202010725610.3A Pending CN111730358A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Linear rolling guide rail of machine tool and method for repairing oil film of linear rolling guide rail |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114396553A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-04-26 | 天津龙创恒盛实业有限公司 | Linear guide rail applied to studio overhead camera truck |
-
2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202010725610.3A patent/CN111730358A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114396553A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-04-26 | 天津龙创恒盛实业有限公司 | Linear guide rail applied to studio overhead camera truck |
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