CN111727831A - Potato rhizosphere microdomain acid regulating agent - Google Patents
Potato rhizosphere microdomain acid regulating agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN111727831A CN111727831A CN202010422128.2A CN202010422128A CN111727831A CN 111727831 A CN111727831 A CN 111727831A CN 202010422128 A CN202010422128 A CN 202010422128A CN 111727831 A CN111727831 A CN 111727831A
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000045595 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700019535 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710184309 Probable sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000472 Sucrase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710112652 Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011073 invertase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a potato rhizosphere micro-area acid regulating agent, which relates to the technical field of agriculture, is prepared by uniformly mixing monoammonium phosphate (11-44-O) and sulfur (S is more than or equal to 99%) according to the proportion of 1: 1, and is suitable for calcareous soil with the pH value of 7.5-8.5. The potato rhizosphere micro-domain acidity regulator is specially designed for potatoes, can effectively reduce the pH value of soil in the range of a potato root zone, is suitable for potato growth, and obviously improves the yield of the potatoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a potato rhizosphere microdomain acidity regulating agent.
Background
Potatoes are annual herbaceous plants, tubers are available for consumption, and potatoes are the fourth most important food crop worldwide. The potato tuber contains a large amount of starch, can provide abundant heat for human bodies, is rich in protein, amino acid, a plurality of vitamins and minerals, and particularly has the most complete vitamin content in all food crops. The pH of the soil can have important influence on the growth and development of the potatoes and the absorption of nutrients, and the peracid or the over-alkali soil environment is not beneficial to the growth of the potatoes. When the pH value of the soil is 4.8-7.0, the growth and development of the potatoes are normal. Potatoes are planted in strong alkaline soil, and some varieties cannot emerge after sowing. Due to the fact thatThe greater the reduction in soil pH, the better, and the optimum application rate is 450kg/hm, in terms of pH reduction and yield alone2. While the acid regulating agent is needed to be used for regulating the pH value in the soil to be between 4.8 and 7.0, the existing acid regulating agent is not designed for potatoes, the effect is common when the acid regulating agent is used, and the yield of the potatoes cannot be effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a potato rhizosphere micro-domain acid regulating agent which is specially designed for potatoes and can effectively reduce the pH value of soil in a potato root zone range, so that the potato rhizosphere acid regulating agent is suitable for potato growth and can obviously improve the yield of the potatoes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the potato rhizosphere micro-area acid regulating agent is prepared by uniformly mixing monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) and sulfur (S is more than or equal to 99%) according to the proportion of 1: 1, is suitable for calcareous soil with pH of 7.5-8.5, and comprises the following steps:
(1) before potato planting, ditching, applying an acid regulating agent in a strip application mode, wherein the dosage is 450kg/hm2Covering soil, ridging the strip application part, wherein the ridge height is about 20 cm;
(2) the potatoes are planted on the ridges in a hole-digging mode, and the planting depth is about 10 cm;
(3) the potato roots are irrigated in a drop irrigation manner in a proper amount.
Has the advantages that: the potato rhizosphere micro-area acidity regulator is used in soil, 450kg of the acidity regulator is applied to each hectare, so that the pH of the calcareous soil of the potato rhizosphere micro-area is reduced by 1 unit, and the pH of the potato rhizosphere soil is reduced to 7.4 from the original pH of 8.4 during harvesting. The content of the quick-acting phosphorus (01sen-P) is obviously improved, compared with the treatment without applying the acid regulating agent, the content is improved by 4 times, and the content of the quick-acting phosphorus (01sen-P) in the harvest period reaches 44.4 mg/kg. Under the premise of not applying other fertilizers, the acid regulating agent can enable the potato yield to reach 32.1t/hm2And the yield is improved by 25.8 percent compared with the control yield. The potato rhizosphere micro-domain acidity regulator is specially designed for potatoes, can effectively reduce the pH value of soil in the range of potato root regions, is suitable for potato growth, and is remarkably improvedHigh potato yield.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail preferred embodiments of the potato rhizosphere microdomain acidity regulator of the present invention.
The potato rhizosphere micro-area acid regulating agent is prepared by uniformly mixing monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) and sulfur (S is more than or equal to 99%) according to the proportion of 1: 1, is suitable for calcareous soil with pH of 7.5-8.5, and comprises the following steps:
(1) before potato planting, ditching, applying an acid regulating agent in a strip application mode, wherein the dosage is 450kg/hm2Covering soil, ridging the strip application part, wherein the ridge height is about 20 cm;
(2) the potatoes are planted on the ridges in a hole-digging mode, and the planting depth is about 10 cm;
(3) the potato roots are irrigated in a drop irrigation manner in a proper amount.
In the growth and development process of the potatoes, the collection of plant samples and soil samples and the measurement of related indexes are respectively carried out in a seedling stage, a tuber forming stage, a tuber expanding stage, a starch accumulation stage and a harvesting stage. Soil sample collection: and selecting soil of a 0-30 cm soil layer, and using a soil drill to sample above the fertilization area and near the potato plants.
By applying different application rates (225, 450, 675 kg/hm)2) As compared to CK, as shown in table 1, application of the material reduced the soil pH at each time. The pH value is reduced more obviously along with the increase of the application amount of the acid regulating material in the seedling stage, the formation stage and the expansion stage; the maximum decrease in pH during the accumulation and harvest periods was 450kg/hm2。
TABLE 1 change in the pH of the soil
Influence on pH value of calcareous soil: application rate 225kg/hm in comparison with CK2The yield of the culture medium is respectively reduced by 0.41, 0.54, 0.45, 0.55 and 0.53 units in each period (seedling stage, formation stage, enlargement stage, accumulation stage and harvest stage); application rate of 450kg/hm2Respectively reducing by 0.41, 0.54, 0.38, 0.69 and 0.69 units; application amount 675kg/hm2The time was decreased by 0.44, 0.68, 0.53, 0.56, 0.67 units, respectively. The data are shown in table 1.
Influence on soil organic matter: the organic matter content of the soil treated in each case shows a tendency to decrease gradually over time after the formation period. When the application amount is 675kg/hm2In the first four periods, the organic matter content of the soil is respectively increased by 5.30 g/kg, 4.13 g/kg, 5.31 g/kg and 5.25g/kg compared with CK. The data are shown in table 2.
Table 2 units of change in soil organic matter: g/kg
Influence on alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen in soil: specific data are shown in table 3. The acid regulating agent is applied to soil, so that the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in the soil can be increased, and the content is increased more obviously in a seedling stage, a formation stage and an expansion stage along with the increase of the application amount; in accumulation period and harvest period, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is increased and decreased. At the seedling stage, the treatment of three different application rates is respectively increased by 7.65, 14.17 and 19.93mg/kg compared with CK; the formation period is respectively increased by 5.64, 6.58 and 6.39 mg/kg; the expansion period is increased by 0.94, 3.01 and 5.52mg/kg respectively.
Table 3 units of change in alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen of soil: mg/kg
Influence on soil available phosphorus: because the acid regulating material is prepared by proportioning monoammonium phosphate and sulfur, the content of the quick-acting phosphorus in the soil after the acid regulating material is applied is increased along with the prolonging of the time. In the first three periods, the content of the available phosphorus is increased more obviously along with the increase of the application amount. The application amount is 225kg/hm in the whole test period2The content of available phosphorus is respectively increased by 66.29, 39.42, 28.80, 36.10 and 49.98 mg/kg; application rate of 450kg/hm2When the temperature is increased, 65.44, 44.98, 34.12, 26.87 and 41.60mg/kg are respectively increased; application amount of 672kg/hm2When the concentration is higher than the standard value, 91.69, 57.08, 49.03, 64.66 and 42.39mg/kg are respectively increased.
Has little influence on the activity of soil enzymes (hydrogen peroxide, phosphatase, urease and sucrase).
Effect on total nitrogen content: the total nitrogen content of the potato stems in all treatments is 6.67-16.01%. The total nitrogen content of all treated potato stalks showed a tendency to increase and then decrease throughout the test period and peaked during the expansion period. Compared with CK, the total nitrogen content of all treatments in the formation period and the expansion period is higher than that of CK; increase by 1.88%, 2.38% and 3.31% in the formation period; the increase in the expansion period is 2.57%, 1.21% and 0.40%, respectively. And the accumulation period is lower than that of CK, and the respective decrease is 1.70%, 2.16% and 0.49%. The data are shown in table 4.
Table 4 units of change in soil available phosphorus: mg/kg
Table 5 units of change in total nitrogen content of plants; is based on
The total nitrogen content of the potato leaves in all treatments is 8.88-23.27%. All treated leaves had the highest total nitrogen content at the seedling stage, the lowest formation stage, and no significant change at later stages. 225kg/hm2The total nitrogen content of the treated leaves reaches the maximum at the seedling stage, and is 20.17 percent; the formation period was 12.16% as the lowest. 450kg/hm2The total nitrogen content is highest at the seedling stage of the treatment, and is 23.27 percent; the formation period was the lowest, 9.45%. 675kg/hm2The total nitrogen content is the highest at the accumulation period of the treatment, and is 20.69%; the minimum expansion period was 8.77%. The data are shown in table 5.
Has no obvious influence on the total phosphorus and potassium contents of the potato stems and leaves.
Influence on the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the potato blocks: compared with CK, the total nitrogen of the three treatments is respectively reduced by 2.57%, 1.68% and 1.31%; the total phosphorus and potassium contents have no obvious change. The data are shown in table 6.
Table 6 change units of total nitrogen phosphorus potassium content of potato pieces: is based on
Impact on potato starch: the starch content of each processed potato block is lower than that of CK, and is respectively reduced by 3.78%, 0.12% and 6.73%. The data are shown in table 7.
Table 7 change units of potato starch: is based on
Effect on potato yield: the yield of all treatments was increased compared to CK, by 625, 6583 and 3041 kg/ha respectively (as shown in Table 8). 450kg/hm of three treatments applying the acid regulating material2The highest processing yield reaches 32125 kg/ha.
Table 8 units of variation in potato yield: kg/hm2
In calcareous soil with higher pH value in the north, ditching the prepared acid regulating agent before potato sowing according to 450kg/hm2The treated dose is applied to the soil in strips and then sown above. The potato adopts a drip irrigation film covering mode.
Under the condition of not being matched with other nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers for application, the ratio of the compound to CK is as follows:
the pH value of the soil can be reduced by 0.69 unit to 7.40; the organic matter content is respectively increased by 4.07, 2.58, 1.30 and 3.17g/kg in the seedling stage, the forming stage, the expanding stage and the accumulating stage, and is reduced by 3.27g/kg in the harvesting stage; the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is respectively increased by 14.17, 6.58 and 3.01mg/kg in the first three periods, and is respectively reduced by 19.93 and 5.01mg/kg in the last two periods; the content of the quick-acting phosphorus is respectively increased by 65.44, 44.98, 34.12, 26.87 and 41.60mg/kg in five periods.
The total nitrogen content of the potato plant stems is respectively increased by 0.3%, 2.38% and 1.21% in the first three periods, and is respectively reduced by 2.16% and 0.68% in the last two periods; the total nitrogen content of the leaves is increased by 4.48 percent in the seedling stage and is respectively reduced by 3.03 percent, 2.99 percent, 0.80 percent and 1.01 percent in the later four stages.
The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the potato blocks are respectively reduced by 1.68%, 0.02% and 0.26%; the yield of the starch content is increased by 0.12 percent; the yield is increased by 6583 kg/hectare and reaches 32125 kg/hectare.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and embodiments, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The potato rhizosphere micro-domain acid regulating agent is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) and sulfur (S is more than or equal to 99%) according to the proportion of 1: 1, is suitable for calcareous soil with the pH of 7.5-8.5, and comprises the following steps:
(1) before potato planting, ditching, applying an acid regulating agent in a strip application mode, wherein the dosage is 450kg/hm2Covering soil, ridging the strip application part, wherein the ridge height is about 20 cm;
(2) the potatoes are planted on the ridges in a hole-digging mode, and the planting depth is about 10 cm;
(3) the potato roots are irrigated in a drop irrigation manner in a proper amount.
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| CN202010422128.2A CN111727831A (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2020-05-11 | Potato rhizosphere microdomain acid regulating agent |
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| CN202010422128.2A CN111727831A (en) | 2020-05-11 | 2020-05-11 | Potato rhizosphere microdomain acid regulating agent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Application publication date: 20201002 |