CN111725925B - Single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with same - Google Patents
Single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111725925B CN111725925B CN202010773664.7A CN202010773664A CN111725925B CN 111725925 B CN111725925 B CN 111725925B CN 202010773664 A CN202010773664 A CN 202010773664A CN 111725925 B CN111725925 B CN 111725925B
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- phase permanent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F13/00—Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising
- H01F13/003—Methods and devices for magnetising permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with the same. The single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor comprises a stator part; the rotor part is arranged in the stator part and provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, and the magnetizing area of at least one magnetic pole in the plurality of magnetic poles and the magnetizing areas of the other magnetic poles are arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner, so that the geometric center line of the magnetic pole of the rotor part and the geometric center line of the radial direction of the stator part form an included angle. The motor structure with the structure effectively solves the problem that the motor has a starting dead point. The single-phase motor adopting the structure has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simple structure, convenience for large-scale manufacture and low manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor equipment, in particular to a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with the same.
Background
As the demand of single-phase motors in the field of home appliances has increased with the rapid development of permanent magnet motors, people have come to consider the application of permanent magnet materials to single-phase asynchronous motors to improve the comprehensive performance of home appliance products.
The single-phase motor is a single-phase winding, the number of switching devices required for driving the main circuit is small, and the hardware cost of the control system is low. However, the magnetic field in the single-phase motor is a pulse vibration magnetic field, and the electromagnetic torque of the motor exists in the position of 0 point. If a specific structure is not adopted, the stopping position of the motor (the point of the cogging torque is 0) is superposed with the point of the electromagnetic torque is 0, and at the moment, the motor cannot be started no matter any current is applied, so that the problem of starting dead points exists. If the motor has started running, the dead point will be overcome and the motor can still run continuously, depending on the inertia torque of the motor. The stator is generally made into a left-right asymmetric structure to solve the starting problem of the single-phase motor, so that the center line of a magnetic circuit deviates from a dead point position, and the motor adopting the structure has low stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with the same, and aims to solve the problem that dead spots exist in the motor in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor including: a stator portion; the rotor part is arranged in the stator part and provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, and the magnetizing area of at least one magnetic pole in the plurality of magnetic poles and the magnetizing areas of the other magnetic poles are arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner, so that the geometric center line of the magnetic pole of the rotor part and the geometric center line of the radial direction of the stator part form an included angle.
Further, the area of the cross section of at least one of the plurality of magnetic poles is different from the area of the cross sections of the remaining magnetic poles.
Further, the number of the magnetic poles is 2N, and N is a positive integer.
Further, the number of the magnetic poles is four, and the magnetizing region of one of the four magnetic poles is arranged asymmetrically with the magnetizing regions of the other three magnetic poles.
Further, the geometric center line of one of the rotor portions in the radial direction is arranged to coincide with the profile of the junction of two adjacent magnetic poles.
Furthermore, the geometric center line of the rotor part is arranged in an angle with the molded line of the joint of the adjacent magnetic poles.
Further, the areas of the cross sections in the radial direction of the adjacent magnetic poles are set differently.
Further, the geometric centre line of the stator part in the radial direction passes through two oppositely arranged stator teeth.
Further, the geometric centerline of the magnetic pole of the rotor portion exceeds the geometric centerline of one of the plurality of magnetic poles.
Furthermore, the number of the magnetic poles is four, the geometric center line of the rotor part in the horizontal direction is overlapped with the molded line of the joint of two adjacent magnetic poles, and the geometric center line of the rotor part in the vertical direction is overlapped with the molded line of the joint of two adjacent magnetic poles.
Further, the number of the magnetic poles is four, and the magnetizing regions of the four magnetic poles are all arranged differently.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electromotive device including a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor as described above.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the magnetizing areas of the magnetic poles are arranged in an asymmetric mode, so that a deviation angle exists between the geometric center line of the magnetic pole on the rotor part and the geometric center line of the stator part under the condition of no electricity of the motor winding, the rotor part deviates from the dead point position of the motor, when the motor winding is electrified, the motor generates electromagnetic starting torque and becomes main torque due to the arrangement of the rotor deviating from the dead point position, and the rotor part continuously rotates under the action of the electromagnetic torque. The motor structure with the structure effectively solves the problem that the motor has a starting dead point. The single-phase motor adopting the structure has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simple structure, convenience for large-scale manufacture and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a rotor portion according to the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the rotor portion according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the rotor portion according to the invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the rotor portion according to the invention;
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the rotor portion according to the invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a stator portion; 11. stator teeth;
20. a rotor portion; 21. and a permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and the same devices are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, according to an embodiment of the present application, a single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor is provided.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor includes a stator portion 10 and a rotor portion 20. The rotor portion 20 is disposed in the stator portion 10, the rotor portion 20 has a plurality of magnetic poles, and a magnetizing region of at least one of the magnetic poles is disposed non-axisymmetrically with a magnetizing region of the remaining magnetic poles, such that a geometric centerline (shown as B in fig. 1) of the magnetic poles of the rotor portion 20 is disposed at an angle (shown as a in fig. 1) with respect to a geometric centerline (shown as a in fig. 1) of the stator portion 10 in a radial direction.
In this embodiment, by setting the magnetizing regions of the magnetic poles to be asymmetric, the geometric center line of the magnetic pole on the rotor portion and the geometric center line of the stator portion have an angle offset in the absence of power to make the rotor portion offset the dead point position of the motor, so that when the motor winding is energized, the motor will generate an electromagnetic starting torque and become a main torque due to the offset of the rotor from the dead point position, and the rotor portion will continuously rotate under the action of the electromagnetic torque. The motor structure with the structure effectively solves the problem that the motor has a starting dead point. The single-phase motor adopting the structure has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, simple structure, convenience for large-scale manufacture and low manufacturing cost.
Wherein the area of the cross section of at least one of the plurality of magnetic poles is different from the area of the cross sections of the remaining magnetic poles. The permanent magnets in different areas can be magnetized, so that the residual magnetization intensity of each magnetic pole is different, and the magnetizing difficulty of the permanent magnets of the rotor part is effectively reduced. In the application, the permanent magnet is magnetized by adopting a magnetizing process in the prior art. Wherein, the number of the magnetic poles is 2N, and N is a positive integer. As in fig. 1 to 6, a rotor structure having four magnetic poles is shown. In the present application, the angles of the magnetic pole angles β 1, β 2, β 3, β 4 as in fig. 2 can be set in different ways, so that the center line of the magnetic pole is set at an angle to the geometric center line of the stator, thereby solving the problem of the motor having a starting dead point.
Specifically, the number of the magnetic poles is four, and the magnetizing region of one of the four magnetic poles is arranged asymmetrically with the magnetizing regions of the other three magnetic poles.
As shown at a in fig. 3, one of the radial geometric centerlines of the rotor portion 20 is disposed coincident with the profile at the junction of two adjacent magnetic poles. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the geometric centerlines of the rotor portions 20 are each disposed at an angle to the profile at the junction of adjacent poles. The arrangement can also avoid the dead point problem of the motor. Wherein areas of cross sections in the radial direction of adjacent magnetic poles are set differently. Alternatively, there may be a group of adjacent magnetic poles of the four magnetic poles having different cross sections, the cross sections of the group of adjacent magnetic poles being arranged identically.
As shown in fig. 1, the radial geometric center line of the stator portion 10 passes through two oppositely disposed stator teeth 11. The geometric center line of the magnetic pole of the rotor portion 20 exceeds the geometric center line of one of the plurality of magnetic poles.
As shown in fig. 4, the number of the magnetic poles is four, and the geometric center line of the rotor portion 20 in the horizontal direction is provided so as to overlap only the profile of the joint between two adjacent magnetic poles, and the geometric center line of the rotor portion 20 in the vertical direction is provided so as to overlap only the profile of the joint between two adjacent magnetic poles. The arrangement can effectively improve the efficiency of the motor. Preferably, the magnetized regions of the four magnetic poles are all arranged differently.
The single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor in the above embodiments may also be used in the technical field of small household appliances, that is, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric device including the single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor, where the single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor is the above-mentioned single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor.
Specifically, the magnetic field in the single-phase motor is a pulse vibration magnetic field, and the electromagnetic torque of the motor exists in the position of 0 point. If a specific structure is not adopted, the stopping position of the motor (the point of the cogging torque is 0) is superposed with the point of the electromagnetic torque is 0, and at the moment, the motor cannot be started no matter any current is applied, so that the problem of starting dead points exists.
If the permanent magnet structure consists of the same type of permanent magnet, the four magnetizing areas are symmetrical, and the position of 0 point exists in the electromagnetic torque of the motor. The motor still has dead point position and can not be started automatically.
The technical scheme of the application provides a new permanent magnet structure, four magnetizing areas are asymmetrically arranged, at least one unequal magnetizing area is arranged, under the premise that the shape of a pole shoe of a stator core is not changed, the point with the cogging torque of 0 and the point with the electromagnetic torque of 0 are enabled to deviate, and self-starting can be achieved after electrification.
In the permanent magnet motor industry, the technical prejudice that the more uniform the permanent magnet is magnetized, the more stable the motor control is exists, and aiming at the characteristic that a single-phase permanent magnet motor has a starting dead point, the application provides the technical problem of solving the traditional technical problem by unequal magnetizing of the permanent magnet. The technical bias of uniform magnetization of the permanent magnet is overcome.
The single-phase permanent magnet motor sequentially energizes the windings according to the position of the rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor continuously rotates under the action of electromagnetic torque. If the electrifying sequence is changed, the permanent magnet rotor continuously rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the reverse electromagnetic torque. And A is used as the deflection angle of the geometric center line of the stator and the geometric center line of the magnetic pole of the rotor, and when alpha is 0, alpha is pi/2, alpha is 3 pi/2 and alpha is pi, the electromagnetic torque is 0 no matter how the winding is electrified, namely, a dead point in operation is formed. If the motor has started running, the dead point will be overcome and the motor can still run continuously, depending on the inertia torque of the motor. In the prior art, when the stator winding is in a non-electric state, due to the existence of the salient pole reluctance torque, the rotor pole center line is positioned at a position where α is 0, α is pi/2, α is 3 pi/2, and α is pi. At this time, no electromagnetic torque is applied to the motor, and the motor cannot be started.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dead point problem of the single-phase brushless direct current motor is solved, and the center line of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet rotor deviates from the dead point position of alpha-0, alpha-pi/2, alpha-3 pi/2 and alpha-pi in the state that the motor stator winding is in a non-electric state.
In the application, because the magnetic poles of the rotor adopt a non-axisymmetric structure (namely, the magnetization is not uniform), the magnetic performance of at least one magnetic pole of the rotor is different from that of other magnetic poles, and the magnetic density under a certain tooth is obviously different from that under other teeth, so that the magnetic densities of the air gaps of the stator and the rotor are unevenly distributed. Under the condition of no electricity, the symmetrical center line of the magnetic circuit deviates from the position of alpha-0, alpha-pi/2, alpha-3 pi/2 and alpha-pi by an angle alpha towards the side with small magnetic resistance under the action of the reluctance torque. In the non-electric state, the magnetic pole center line of the permanent magnet rotor stops near alpha, once the winding is electrified, the rotor deviates from the dead point position, electromagnetic starting torque is generated and becomes main torque, and the rotor continuously rotates under the action of the electromagnetic torque.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition to the foregoing, it should be noted that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally throughout this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor, comprising:
a stator portion (10);
a rotor portion (20), wherein the rotor portion (20) is arranged in the stator portion (10), the rotor portion (20) is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, the magnetizing region of at least one magnetic pole in the plurality of magnetic poles is arranged in a non-axisymmetric manner with the magnetizing regions of the other magnetic poles, so that the geometric center line of the radial direction of the magnetic pole of the rotor portion (20) is arranged at an included angle with the geometric center line of the radial direction of the stator portion (10), and the geometric center line of the radial direction of the stator portion (10) passes through two oppositely arranged stator teeth (11);
at least one of the plurality of magnetic poles has a cross-sectional area that is different from the cross-sectional area of the remaining magnetic poles.
2. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of said magnetic poles is 2N, N being a positive integer.
3. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the magnetic poles is four, and a magnetizing region of one of the four magnetic poles is disposed asymmetrically with respect to the magnetizing regions of the other three magnetic poles.
4. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that a geometric center line of one radial direction of the rotor portion (20) is arranged to coincide with a profile of a junction of two adjacent magnetic poles in the radial direction of the rotor portion (20).
5. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the geometric centerlines of the rotor portions (20) in the radial direction are each arranged at an angle to the profile of the connection of the adjacent magnetic poles in the radial direction of the rotor portions (20).
6. The single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, wherein areas of radial direction cross sections of adjacent magnetic poles are differently set.
7. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the geometric centre line of the poles of the rotor portion (20) is excessive with respect to the geometric centre line of one of the poles.
8. The single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the magnetic poles is four, a geometric center line of the rotor portion (20) in a horizontal direction is arranged to coincide with a line of a joint of two adjacent magnetic poles in a radial direction of the rotor portion (20), and a geometric center line of the rotor portion (20) in a vertical direction is arranged to coincide with a line of a joint of two adjacent magnetic poles in a radial direction of the rotor portion (20).
9. The single-phase permanent-magnet self-starting motor according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic poles are four, and the magnetizing regions of said four magnetic poles are all differently arranged.
10. An electrically powered apparatus comprising a single phase permanent magnet self-starting motor, wherein the single phase permanent magnet self-starting motor is a single phase permanent magnet self-starting motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010773664.7A CN111725925B (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with same |
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| CN202010773664.7A CN111725925B (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Single-phase permanent magnet self-starting motor and electric equipment with same |
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| CN111725925A CN111725925A (en) | 2020-09-29 |
| CN111725925B true CN111725925B (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN112530660B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2024-05-17 | 江苏富天江电子电器有限公司 | Automatic device for uniformly magnetizing permanent magnet rotor |
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