CN111719619A

CN111719619A - Shaping-free trencher

Info

Publication number: CN111719619A
Application number: CN202010614215.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱继飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-30
Filing date: 2020-06-30
Publication date: 2020-09-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaping-free trencher, which effectively solves the problems of poor flatness, much floating soil, high dust emission and high noise of a trench excavated by the trencher; the technical scheme includes that the construction vehicle comprises a construction vehicle, wherein a plurality of cutting blades which are arranged at intervals left and right are installed at the front end of the construction vehicle, the cutting blades can rotate downwards to cut into the ground, a vertical auger is installed at the rear end of a vehicle plate, a rectangular box body with an opening at the lower end is installed at the lower end of the auger, a shovel plate is hinged to the bottom of the box body, a cable-stayed hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the vehicle plate and connected with the rear end of the shovel plate, and the cable-stayed hydraulic cylinder can enable the shovel plate to rotate around a hinge shaft by lifting the rear end of the shovel plate upwards so as to cut the; the trench excavated by the invention has good flatness of the side wall and the bottom, little floating soil in the trench, no need of leveling and soil cleaning, greatly improved construction efficiency, less possibility of causing raised dust, low noise and more accordance with the green construction idea.

Description

Shaping-free trencher

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of municipal construction, in particular to a shaping-free trencher.

Background

Excavation irrigation canals and ditches are common municipal construction operation, and present ditching machine generally adopts wheeled or chain structure, excavates through fixed sword tooth on cutting wheel or chain, and this type of equipment has following drawback: firstly, the ditch is formed by cutting the cutter teeth, so that the flatness of the bottom and the side wall of the ditch is poor, and the ditch with higher flatness requirement needs to be leveled subsequently; secondly, the soil discharging effect is poor, a large amount of floating soil remains in the ditch and needs to be cleaned subsequently; thirdly, the flywheel or the chain tells the rotation to generate a large amount of raised dust and noise, the construction environment is poor, and people are easily disturbed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the shaping-free trencher, which effectively solves the problems of poor flatness, much floating soil, high dust emission and high noise of trenches excavated by the trencher.

The shaping-free trencher comprises a construction vehicle consisting of a vehicle plate and wheels, wherein a cutting unit is arranged at the front end of the vehicle plate, the cutting unit comprises a rotating shaft arranged below the vehicle plate along the left-right direction, a first bevel gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is connected with a driving motor, vertical plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft, a sliding rod arranged along the left-right direction is connected between the lower ends of the two vertical plates, a plurality of first sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the sliding rod along the length direction, a vertical cutting blade vertical to the sliding rod is arranged between each first sliding block, cutting edges are respectively arranged at the front side and the bottom of each cutting blade, a first pressure spring is respectively arranged between each two adjacent first sliding blocks, a single position and a nut outside the first sliding block at the outermost side are respectively arranged at two ends of the sliding rod, adjusting the two nuts can adjust the spacing between the first sliders so as to adjust the spacing between the cutting blades; a vertical auger is installed at the rear end of sweep, the lower extreme of auger passes the sweep, the box of a lower extreme open-ended rectangle is installed to the auger lower extreme, the auger lower extreme stretches into in the box, a shovel board is installed to the bottom half, the middle part of shovel board articulates in box rear side wall bottom through the articulated shaft of direction about one, the sweep lower surface articulates there is one to draw the pneumatic cylinder to one side, draw the rear end of pneumatic cylinder and shovel board to one side and link to each other, thereby draw the pneumatic cylinder to one side and upwards lift the rear end of shovel board and can make the shovel board rotate around the articulated shaft and make the shovel board front end cut into ground.

The trench excavated by the invention has good flatness of the side wall and the bottom, little floating soil in the trench, no need of leveling and soil cleaning, greatly improved construction efficiency, less possibility of causing raised dust, low noise and more accordance with the green construction idea.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side cross-sectional view of the cutting blade of the present invention when retracted.

Fig. 3 is a right side cross-sectional view of the cutting blade of the present invention after cutting into the ground.

FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the auger position.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the first slider position.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the first slider position after deflection of the cutting blade.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the position a in fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the position B in fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the present invention when excavating a trapezoidal trench.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view of the auger position when excavating a trapezoidal trench.

Fig. 11 is a right side cross-sectional view of the present invention as a trapezoidal trench is excavated.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1 to 11, the construction vehicle comprises a construction vehicle consisting of a vehicle plate 1 and wheels 2, wherein a cutting unit is arranged at the front end of the vehicle plate 1, the cutting unit comprises a rotating shaft 3 arranged below the vehicle plate 1 along the left-right direction, a first bevel gear 4 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3, a second bevel gear 5 is meshed with the first bevel gear 4, the second bevel gear 5 is connected with a driving motor, vertical plates 6 are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft 3, a sliding rod 7 arranged along the left-right direction is connected between the lower ends of the two vertical plates 6, a plurality of first sliding blocks 8 are uniformly distributed on the sliding rod 7 along the length direction, a vertical cutting blade 9 vertical to the sliding rod 7 is arranged between each first sliding block 8, cutting edges are arranged at the front side and the bottom of the cutting blade 9, a first pressure spring 10 is arranged between each two adjacent first sliding blocks 8, a single position and a nut 11 outside each first sliding block 8 are respectively arranged at two ends of the sliding, adjusting the two nuts 11 can adjust the spacing between the first plurality of sliders 8 and thus the spacing between the cutting blades 9; a vertical auger 12 is installed at the rear end of sweep 1, the lower extreme of auger 12 passes sweep 1, a box 13 of lower extreme open-ended rectangle is installed to auger 12 lower extreme, auger 12 lower extreme stretches into in the box 13, a shovel board 14 is installed to box 13 bottom, the middle part of shovel board 14 articulates in box 13 rear side wall bottom through the articulated shaft of a left and right sides direction, sweep 1 lower surface articulates there is one to one pull pneumatic cylinder 15 to one side, it links to each other with the rear end of shovel board 14 to pull pneumatic cylinder 15 to one side, thereby it can make shovel board 14 rotate around the articulated shaft to pull the rear end of shovel board 14 to one side to pull pneumatic cylinder 15 to the top and cut into ground.

Each first sliding block 8 is provided with a sliding groove 16 in the front-back direction, a second sliding block 17 is installed in each sliding groove 16, a second pressure spring 18 is installed between each second sliding block 17 and the rear end of each sliding groove 16, a vertical rod 19 penetrates through each second sliding block 17, each cutting blade 9 is fixed at the lower end of each vertical rod 19, each vertical rod 19 is provided with an annular sleeve 20, each annular sleeve 20 is provided with a first locking screw 21, the rear side of each annular sleeve 20 is fixedly provided with a cross rod 22, each first sliding block 8 is provided with a horizontal rotating disc 23 located at the rear side of each sliding groove 16, the rear end of each cross rod 22 is hinged to the non-circle center position of each rotating disc 23, when each cutting blade 9 is blocked by a hard object, each cutting blade 9 pushes each second sliding block 17 to move backwards under the action of each second pressure spring 18, so as to drive each cross rod 22 to move backwards, each cross rod 22 pushes each rotating disc 23 to rotate, each rotating disc 23, thereby enabling the cross bar 22 to rotate the vertical bar 19 and the cutting blade 9 to a certain angle to avoid the hard object.

The cutting blade 9 is wedge-shaped, and when the cutting blade 9 is blocked by a hard object, the blocking object can be pushed to one side more smoothly by matching with the rotation of the cutting blade 9.

Two cutting blade 9 in the outside all articulate at the 19 lower extremes of corresponding montant, and a second locking screw 24 is respectively installed to these two 19 lower extremes of montant to make two cutting blade 9 in the outside all can rotate to the inboard and can lock at arbitrary angle, shovel board 14 be equipped with two kinds of types of flat and trapezoidal cross sectional shape, cutting blade 9 in the outside rotates to the inboard and changes into the shovel board 14 back of trapezoidal cross section, can carry out the cutting and the excavation of trapezoidal slot.

The box 13 in install the cylinder 25 of a left and right directions, the circumference equipartition has a plurality of page or leaf boards 27 along the axial arrangement on the outer wall of cylinder 25, all be equipped with a row of spike tooth 26 of arranging on the outer wall of cylinder 25 along the axial between every two adjacent page or leaf boards 27, when cylinder 25 rotated, spike tooth 26 can smash the soil block that is big on shovel board 14, page or leaf board 27 can stir the soil on shovel board 14 to auger 12 lower port department to guarantee smooth soil discharging.

For guaranteeing cutting blade 9's stability, slide bar 7 around arranged two side by side, two slide bars 7 all pass a plurality of first sliders 8 and all fix on the crane.

The box 13 be equipped with multiple model, box 13 is installed at auger 12 lower extreme through flange detachably to can follow the box 13 of changing different width models according to the fluting width.

Threaded rod, spiral auger 12 and cylinder 25 by driving motor drive, the construction car can be by driving motor drive also can be by diesel engine drive.

When the invention is used, the nuts 11 at the two ends of the sliding rod 7 are adjusted according to the width of the ditch so as to adjust the span of the two outermost cutting blades 9, the span of the nuts 11 screwed inwards is reduced, otherwise, the span is increased, the span of the two outermost cutting blades 9 is equal to the width of the ditch, and the box body 13 is replaced by the same type as the width of the ditch.

The adjustment of cutting blade 9 is accomplished and box 13 is changed and is accomplished the back, make the construction car stride in the both sides of treating the ditch, two cutting blade 9 in the outside aim at the both sides wall position of ditch respectively, then start the driving motor of second bevel gear 5, second bevel gear 5 drives pivot 3 through first bevel gear 4 and rotates, pivot 3 drives slide bar 7 and a plurality of cutting blade 9 through two risers 6 and rotates downwards, thereby make cutting blade 9 cut gradually ground until cutting blade 9 lower extreme cuts into the tank bottom degree of depth, then start the construction car and make the construction car form along the ditch trend, start simultaneously to draw hydraulic cylinder 15 to lift up gradually and draw shovel board 14 rear end to one side, thereby make shovel board 14 front end descend gradually and cut into underground to ditch bottom degree of depth.

After the large cutting piece and the shovel plate 14 are cut into the ground, the soil body in the groove is firstly divided into a plurality of smaller parts by the cutting blade 9 when the construction vehicle moves forwards, then the divided soil body is shoveled by the shovel plate 14, and the resistance of the shovel plate 14 is greatly reduced after the soil body is divided; soil in the groove enters the box body 13 along the shovel plate 14 and is conveyed to one side of the groove by the auger 12, and the spike teeth 26 and the leaf plates 27 on the roller 25 can stir the soil to the inlet of the auger 12 while crushing the large soil, so that the soil can be smoothly discharged.

When cutting blade 9 receives the stone, when hard things such as fragment of brick blockked, cutting blade 9 can promote the effect that second slider 17 overcame second pressure spring 18 and move backward, thereby drive horizontal pole 22 rearward movement, horizontal pole 22 promotes carousel 23 and rotates, carousel 23 rotates and can make horizontal pole 22 rear end rotate certain angle around montant 19, thereby make horizontal pole 22 drive montant 19 and cutting blade 9 rotate certain angle and avoid hard thing, and cutting blade 9 is the wedge moreover, as long as cutting blade 9 just can extrude the obstacle smoothly after deflecting.

When the trapezoidal groove needs to be excavated, the second locking screws 24 are loosened, the two outermost cutting blades 9 are rotated inwards to a required angle and then locked, the first locking screws 21 on the vertical rods 19 of the two outermost cutting blades 9 are loosened, the two outermost cutting blades 9 are adjusted downwards to enable the lower ends of the two outermost cutting blades 9 to be flush with the lower ends of the rest cutting blades 9, and then the first locking screws 21 are locked; after the cutting blade 9 is adjusted, the shovel plate 14 is replaced by the shovel plate 14 with the trapezoidal section with the corresponding width, and then the groove can be excavated according to the construction steps.

The side wall of the groove body after excavation is cut by the cutting blade 9, the groove bottom is formed by scraping by the shovel plate 14, and the shovel plate 14 collects excavation, leveling and soil cleaning, so that the flatness of the side wall and the bottom of the groove body is good, soil materials in the groove body are completely discharged, the floating soil in the groove body is very little, leveling and soil cleaning are not needed, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; in addition, the rotary grooving tool is not adopted, dust is not easy to raise, the noise is low, and the green construction concept is better met.

Claims

1. A shaping-free trencher comprises a construction vehicle consisting of a vehicle plate (1) and wheels (2), and is characterized in that a cutting unit is installed at the front end of the vehicle plate (1), the cutting unit comprises a rotating shaft (3) installed below the vehicle plate (1) along the left-right direction, a first bevel gear (4) is installed on the rotating shaft (3), the first bevel gear (4) is meshed with a second bevel gear (5), the second bevel gear (5) is connected with a driving motor, two ends of the rotating shaft (3) are respectively provided with a vertical plate (6), a sliding rod (7) arranged along the left-right direction is connected between the lower ends of the two vertical plates (6), a plurality of first sliding blocks (8) are uniformly distributed on the sliding rod (7) along the length direction, a vertical cutting blade (9) vertical to the sliding rod (7) is installed between each first sliding block (8), the front side and the bottom of each cutting blade (9) are provided with cutting edges, a first pressure spring (10) is arranged between every two adjacent first sliding blocks (8), two ends of the sliding rod (7) are respectively provided with a position and a nut (11) outside the outermost first sliding block (8), and the two nuts (11) are adjusted to adjust the distance between the first sliding blocks (8) so as to adjust the distance between the cutting blades (9); a vertical auger (12) is installed to the rear end of sweep (1), the lower extreme of auger (12) passes sweep (1), box (13) of a lower extreme open-ended rectangle is installed to auger (12) lower extreme, auger (12) lower extreme stretches into in box (13), a shovel board (14) is installed to box (13) bottom, the articulated shaft of a left right direction in the middle part of shovel board (14) articulates in box (13) rear side wall bottom, sweep (1) lower surface articulates there is one to draw pneumatic cylinder (15) to one side, thereby draw pneumatic cylinder (15) to one side and link to each other with the rear end of shovel board (14), thereby draw pneumatic cylinder (15) to one side and upwards to draw the rear end of shovel board (14) can make shovel board (14) rotate around the articulated shaft and make shovel board (14) front end cut into ground.

2. The trenching machine without whole digging as claimed in claim 1, wherein each first sliding block (8) is provided with a sliding groove (16) in the front-rear direction, a second sliding block (17) is installed in the sliding groove (16), a second pressure spring (18) is installed between the second sliding block (17) and the rear end of the sliding groove (16), a vertical rod (19) penetrates through the second sliding block (17), the cutting blade (9) is fixed at the lower end of the vertical rod (19), an annular sleeve (20) is installed on the vertical rod (19), a first locking screw (21) is installed on the annular sleeve (20), a cross rod (22) is fixed at the rear side of the annular sleeve (20), a horizontal rotating disc (23) located at the rear side of the sliding groove (16) is installed on the first sliding block (8), and the rear end of the cross rod (22) is hinged to a non-circle center position of the rotating disc (23).

3. A shaper-less trencher as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cutting blade (9) is wedge-shaped.

4. A shaper-free trencher as claimed in claim 1 wherein the outermost cutting blades (9) are each hingedly connected to a lower end of a respective post (19) and each of the two posts (19) is fitted with a second locking screw (24) at the lower end thereof, and wherein the blade (14) is of both flat and trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

5. The shaping-free trencher as claimed in claim 1, wherein a left-right roller (25) is installed in the box body (13), a plurality of leaf plates (27) arranged along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the roller (25) along the circumference, and a row of spike teeth (26) arranged on the outer wall of the roller (25) along the axial direction is arranged between every two adjacent leaf plates (27).

6. The shaping-free trencher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that two sliding rods (7) are arranged side by side in front and back, and the two sliding rods (7) pass through the first sliding blocks (8) and are fixed on the lifting frame.

7. The shaping-free trencher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the box body (13) is provided with a plurality of types, and the box body (13) is detachably mounted at the lower end of the packing auger (12) through a flange.