JP3177840B2 - Drilling rig for caisson - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a caisson excavator for excavating a base plate directly at a cutting edge of various caissons.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to sink a caisson, a caisson blade is dug by hand or machined by a backhoe or the like. However, a caisson blade is likely to bulge, which is extremely dangerous. Work.

The inventor of the present invention has previously proposed a device for safely excavating a caisson foundation directly under a cutting edge as Japanese Patent No. 2884345. This excavator has a substrate having means for self-propelling along the cutting edge of the caisson, a rotatable screw body provided in the transverse direction of the substrate and a rotatable screw body for unloading the soil into the caisson, and a parallel with the screw body. The screw body excavates along the discharge guide surface while excavating with the rotary cutter.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned excavator, foreign matter such as gravel is caught between the excavating teeth of the rotary cutter and the blades of the screw body during excavation, and the excavating efficiency and the earth discharging efficiency are reduced. May decrease.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a caisson excavator capable of maintaining high excavation efficiency and earth removal efficiency for a long period of time.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A substrate disposed directly below the caisson blade along the blade, a rotatable cutter that is rotatably installed on the lower surface of the substrate and excavates the ground directly under the blade, and a rotary cutter parallel to the rotary cutter. An excavating screw body that is rotatably disposed and discharges shavings to the inside of the caisson, wherein the excavating blade of the rotary cutter has a spiral shape, and the blades of the excavating screw body have a spiral shape. An excavator for a caisson, characterized in that the excavator has a shape, and a helical excavating blade of the rotary cutter and a helical wing of a screw for discharging the earth are superposed. The invention according to claim 2 is the caisson excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavating and discharging means forming a pair with the rotary cutter and the discharging screw body are respectively installed at both ends of the substrate. is there. The invention according to claim 3 is the excavator for caisson according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a discharging guide surface is formed inside the discharging screw body in parallel with the discharging screw body. It is. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the excavating blade of the paired rotary cutter and the blade of the screw body for discharging are formed in opposite directions, and the rotary cutter and each discharging A caisson excavator, characterized in that the screw bodies for rotation can be rotated in opposite directions. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the excavating blade of the paired rotary cutter and the blade of the screw body for discharging are formed in the same direction, and the rotary cutter and each of the drainage blades are formed in the same direction. A caisson excavator, characterized in that the earth screw bodies can be rotated in the same direction, respectively.

[0007]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

<A> Caisson FIG. 6 is a view of the caisson 1 viewed from the blade 2 side.
Is a known box such as a known open type or bottomed type, and its cross-sectional shape includes a polygon, a circle, and an ellipse in addition to the illustrated rectangle, and the lower end surface of the blade port 2 is formed horizontally. I have.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the cutting edge 2.
Is covered with a steel plate 3 having a U-shaped cross section, and a plurality of rods 4 are provided on both inner and outer side surfaces of the steel plate 3 at predetermined intervals.
Are protruding. These four groups of rods are composed of excavators A _{1 to} A ₄
Are formed to form a linear gear for locking.

<B> Excavator Since a plurality of sets of excavators A _{1 to} A ₄ shown in FIG. 6 have the same structure, only the excavator A ₁ will be described, and the other excavators A _{2 to} A ₄ will be described. Will not be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator A ₁ has a substrate 10 that can travel along the longitudinal direction of the cutting edge 2.
Side plates 11, 11 are provided on both sides of the lower surface of the substrate 10, and have a U-shaped cross section. On the left and right halves of the substrate 10, rotating cutters 20a and 20b rotatably supported by the side plates 11, 11 and a screw body 30 for discharging the earth are provided.
A plurality of excavating means and a plurality of unloading means are provided, each of which includes a set 30a and a discharge guide surface 12a, 12b. The drilling unit and earth removal means has plural sets provided, when the excavator A ₁ is moved along the cutting edge 2, in order to be capable of excavating the entire length of the cutting edge 2.

<C> Rotary Cutter Each of the rotary cutters 20a and 20b is constructed by integrally providing a rotary shaft 21 with a spiral excavating blade 22 having a soil discharging action. The rotating shaft 21 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the substrate 10 and is supported by the side plates 11 and 11. Each rotary cutter 20a, 20b is provided with a gear mechanism (gear 13a,
By receiving the rotational force of the drive source 13d transmitted via the worm 13b, the worm wheel 13c) and the chain mechanism, the thickness of the blade 2 (or the body) of the caisson 1 can be excavated.

At the end of each of the rotating shafts 21 and 21 protruding from one side plate 11 to the outer peripheral surface of the caisson, there are provided rotating cutters 23 and 23 for excavation.

<D> Discharge Screw Body Each of the discharge screw bodies 30a and 30b has a rotary drive shaft 31.
The spiral blades 32 are provided integrally with each other, and are disposed inside the above-mentioned rotary cutters 20a and 20b. Each of the rotary drive shafts 31, 31 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the substrate 10, and a drive source 13d transmitted via a gear mechanism (gear 13a, worm 13e, worm wheel 13f), a chain mechanism or the like. The two screw bodies 30a and 30b for discharging are rotated by receiving the rotation force.

On the inside of each of the screw bodies 30a, 30b for earth removal, soil removal is carried out inside the caisson 1 in cooperation with the earth discharge guide surfaces 12a, 12b formed in parallel with the screw bodies 30a, 30b for earth removal. It can be discharged. Note that the discharge guide surfaces 12a and 12b are not essential structural elements and may be omitted.

In this embodiment, each of the screw bodies 30a, 3
0b, the helical direction of the blades 32, 32 is changed to the rotary cutter 20a,
The spiral direction of the excavating blades 22 and 22 of 20b is formed in the opposite direction, and the rotating directions of the left half discharging screw body 30a and the rotary cutter 20a and the right half discharging screw body 30b and the rotary cutter 30b are changed. Each case is shown as reversed.
Excavator A ₁ is drilling a cutting edge 2 reciprocates, the even movement direction is changed rotating cutter 20a, 20b and exhaust dog days screw member 30a, the rotation direction of the 30b does not change.

<E> Traveling Means The traveling means of the excavator will be described with reference to FIGS. A drive shaft 40 that is rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the substrate 10 is disposed in the middle of the lower surface of the substrate 10. Traveling gears 41, 41 are provided at both ends of the drive shaft 40 penetrating the side plates 11, 11, respectively. On the outer peripheral surface of each running gear 41, a concave portion 42 capable of accommodating the rods 4 provided at the same pitch as described above is formed. A gear 13g is fixed to the inner end of one caisson of the drive shaft 40, and the drive source 13 is connected via a chain, a gear mechanism, or the like.
h for the forward rotation force and the reverse rotation force.
And transmitting the excavator A ₁ and is able to forward and backward to.

The power transmission mechanisms of the rotary cutters 20a and 20b, the earthing screw bodies 30a and 30b, and the power transmission mechanism of the traveling means are merely examples, and are not limited to the illustrated forms. It goes without saying that various known power transmission mechanisms can be applied. In addition, it is a matter of course that facilities such as a drive source and a power transmission mechanism are arranged inside the caisson of the excavator so as not to hinder the traveling.

<F> Foreign matter removal structure When the rotary cutters 20a and 20b, both of which have a helical shape, and the screw bodies 30a and 30b for discharging the earth are arranged side by side,
As described above, there is a problem that a foreign substance such as a stone is sandwiched between the blades 2 and the blades 32.

In the present invention, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 4, in order to avoid pinching of the foreign matter 50, the excavating blade 22 having the spiral shape of the rotary cutter 20a and the screw body 30 for discharging the earth are provided.
A configuration was adopted in which the helical blade 32 a and the blade 32 a entered each other and polymerized.

In order to enhance the effect of preventing the foreign matter 50 from being caught, it is desirable to shorten the distance from the outer peripheral edge of each of the opposing digging blades 22 and each of the blades 32 to the outer peripheral surface of each of the shafts 21 and 31. In order to set the distance to be short, for example, the diameter of each excavating blade 22 or each blade 32 may be set to be large, or the arrangement interval between the shafts 21 and 31 may be set to be short.

The right half rotary cutter 20b and the earth discharging screw body 30b have the same configuration as the left half described above, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0023]

Next, a method of excavating the caisson 1 under the cutting edge directly under the ground will be described.

<A> Reciprocating Travel As shown in FIG. 6, excavators A _{1 to} A ₄ set on the respective sides of the blade 2 of the caisson 1 are simultaneously operated to start excavation.
To equalize the excavation amount, the excavators A ₁ , A ₃ and A
_2, A ₄ and may be round trip at a constant speed along the cutting edge 2.

That is, as shown in FIG.
The excavator is self-propelled while rotating 0 and 20 to sequentially obtain a reaction force on the rods 4 and 4 provided on both sides of the caisson 1.

<B> Excavation During this time, the rotary cutters 20a and 20b shown in FIGS.
Rotatively excavates the foundation immediately under the cutting edge 2 evenly.

The soil removal screw bodies 30a, 30b and the soil removal guide surfaces 12a, 12b cooperate with each other to remove soil in the caisson 1.
Drain into the inside. The soil is removed by the rotary cutters 20a and 20a.
Since it is also performed by b, it is possible to discharge efficiently.

<C> Scavenging of foreign matter As described above, the rotary blade 2 of each of the rotary cutters 20a and 20b
2 and the blades 32 of each of the screw bodies 30a and 30b for discharging are rotating in a superposed state. Therefore, it is difficult for the foreign matter 50 to enter between the spiral digging blades 22 and the blades 32, and even if the foreign matter 50 is caught, any one of the digging blades 22 and the blades 32 is caught by one of the other. 50
Is forcibly crushed or scraped off (see FIG. 5).
Therefore, it is possible to avoid lowering the excavation efficiency by the rotary cutters 20a and 20b and the earth removal efficiency by the earth discharging screw bodies 30a and 30b, and to continue the efficient excavation work and earth removal work.

By repeating the above-mentioned operations, the base plate of the cutting edge 2 is excavated by an equal amount to lower the caisson 1.
It is also possible to modify the subsidence of caisson 1 by drilling a partial range by self only any excavator A ₁ to A _4.

[0030]

Second Embodiment FIG. 7 shows each of the screw bodies 3 for discharging soil.
Another embodiment is shown in which the spiral direction and the rotation direction of the blades 32, 32 of 0a, 30b are the same as the excavating blades 22, 22 of the rotary cutters 20a, 20b. The operation and effect of this example are basically the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0031]

Third Embodiment In the first embodiment described above, a case has been described in which excavators A _{1 to} A ₄ are reciprocated to excavate each straight portion of the cutting edge 2 having a rectangular cross section. When the plane shape of the mouth is elliptical or circular, a plurality of excavators may be driven in a certain direction to excavate.

[0032]

According to the present invention, a drilling blade having a spiral shape of a rotary cutter,
The helical blade of the screw body for discharging the earth was polymerized. This makes it difficult for foreign matter to enter between the helical digging blade and the blade, and even if foreign matter is caught, one of the digging blade and the blade forcibly crushes the foreign matter caught between the other. Can be scraped off. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a decrease in the earth discharging efficiency of the excavator, and to continue the efficient drilling operation and the earth discharging operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an excavator as viewed from below.

Fig. 2 Side view of the blade excavator viewed from the inside of the caisson

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the overlapping portion of the left half rotating cutter and the screw body for discharging soil.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an arrow view of a caisson equipped with a plurality of sets of excavators as viewed from a cutting edge side.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of another excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ₁ to A ₄ excavator 1 caisson 2 caisson cutting edge 3 steel plate 4 rod body 10 substrate 20a, 20b rotating cutter 21 rotating shaft 22 digging edge 30a, 30b discharge doyo screw member 31 rotates the drive shaft 32 vanes

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 23/08 E21D 1/06

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A substrate disposed so as to be movable along a cutting edge of a caisson along a cutting edge, a rotary cutter rotatably installed on a lower surface of the substrate, and excavating a base plate directly at the cutting edge,
An excavating screw body disposed in parallel with the rotary cutter so as to be rotatable and discharging soil to the inside of a caisson, wherein the excavating blade of the rotary cutter has a helical shape, The excavator for a caisson, wherein the blade of the screw body has a spiral shape, and the excavating blade of the rotary cutter having a spiral shape is arranged so as to overlap the spiral blade of the screw body for earth discharging. Machine. 2. A caisson excavator according to claim 1, wherein excavating and discharging means forming a pair with a rotary cutter and a discharging screw body are respectively installed at both ends of the substrate. 3. An excavator for a caisson according to claim 1, wherein a discharging guide surface is formed inside the discharging screw body in parallel with the discharging screw body. 4. An excavating blade of a pair of rotating cutter and a blade of a screw body for discharging the soil in a pair as defined in claim 1, wherein the rotating cutter and the screw body for discharging the soil are paired. Characterized in that they can be rotated in opposite directions, respectively. 5. The rotary cutter according to claim 1, wherein a pair of the rotary cutter and the blade of the discharging screw body are formed in the same direction, and the rotary cutter and each of the discharging screws are formed in the same direction. A caisson excavator, characterized in that the bodies can be rotated in the same direction, respectively.