JP3552070B2 - Obstacle cutting device of shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an obstacle cutting device of a shield excavator that cuts a reinforced concrete pile, a steel pile, or the like that appears during underground excavation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an urban area or the like, a reinforced concrete pile or a steel pile of a building may exist on a shield construction plan line. In such a case, when a rebar, H steel, steel plate, or the like is cut with a cutter bit for earth and sand cutting, the cut object clings to the bit, or the bit is broken by the cut object, and continuously excavation is stable. Can not. For this reason, in the past, in order to prevent the inflow of earth and sand into the front face of the shield machine, that is, the face, the soil of the face was hardened using a chemical solution injection method that injects a stabilizing chemical solution or a freezing method, and the worker moved to the face. He was going out and cutting reinforced concrete piles. Since these construction methods require enormous cost and construction period, a method of cutting an obstacle by operation from a shield machine has been proposed.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-54078 discloses a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head is provided with a spiral cutter on the outer periphery of a cylindrical shape, and the cutter shaft is arranged in a radial direction of the cutter head. All the blades of this spiral blade are missing at the same position on a part of the circumference, and during normal excavation, the blade advances forward with the chipped surface facing the excavation direction. Thereby, at the time of normal excavation, the earth and sand cutting bit cuts the earth and sand before the spiral blade.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the excavator described in the above publication, at the same rotation position of all the spiral cutters, the blades are missing, so that the force applied to the spiral cutter while cutting a reinforced concrete pile or the like becomes non-uniform, generating vibration and noise. . Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-122798 discloses a technique in which a roller cutter is provided on a surface corresponding to a cutter head of a shield excavator as a cutter head for a buried pipe cutting frame. However, in this technique, the roller cutter simply rotates by the rotation of the cutter head, and it is difficult to cut a reinforced concrete pile or the like because there is no rotation device. Further, since the roller cutter always hits the object to be excavated, it is also used for ordinary earth and sand excavation, and there is a problem that the life is shortened.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide an apparatus for mechanically removing an underground obstacle such as a reinforced concrete pile by shield excavation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a roller head is provided on a cutter head provided with a sediment excavation bit, and the direction of the roller blade is arranged in a direction intersecting a radial direction of the cutter head. And a reciprocating device for reciprocating the roller cutter in a direction perpendicular to a face plate of the cutter head.
[0007]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the roller cutters are provided in a radial direction of the cutter head, and are arranged so that when the cutter head is rotated once, substantially the entire area of the front surface of the cutter head is cut.
[0008]
In the invention of claim 3, the blade of the roller blade has a saw blade shape .
[0009]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the invention, by rotating the cutter head, the blade of each roller cutter crosses and hits the obstacle, and is rotated by the rotating device to cut the obstacle. Also, the blade of the roller cutter is higher than the bit for earth and sand excavation only when cutting obstacles with the advance and retreat device, so wear is reduced and life is extended, and the ground is not disturbed during normal earth and sand cutting, so it is stable It is possible to perform the construction. Further, since the roller cutter has a uniform shape in the circumferential direction of the blade, there is little generation of vibration and noise due to rotation.
[0010]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the roller cutter is disposed so as to substantially cut the entire area of the front surface of the cutter head, it is possible to simultaneously remove obstacles that hinder the advance of the shield machine.
[0011]
In the invention of claim 3, since the blade of the roller blade is formed in a saw blade shape, the cutting efficiency is high.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. The cutter head 1 has a thick disk shape and includes front and rear cutter plates 2 and a rear cutter plate 3. An opening 4 is provided in the cutter head 1, and a spoke 5 is provided in the opening 4 in a radial direction of the cutter head 1, and a number of earth and sand cutting bits 6 are attached to the spoke 5. The earth and sand cutting bits 6 are provided two by two on the concentric circle of the cutter head 1 so as to cut either one according to the normal rotation or the reverse rotation of the cutter head 1. The earth and sand cutting bit 6 is disposed so that the front surface of the cutter head 1 can be substantially cut when the cutter head 1 makes one rotation. The bulkhead 7 together with the cylindrical shell 8 supports external pressure and keeps the inside of the shield machine at atmospheric pressure. The partition 7 is provided with a cutter driving motor 9 for rotating the cutter head 1. The direction of rotation can be both forward and reverse. The screw conveyor 10 sends out the earth and sand cutting bit 6, the earth and sand, concrete, reinforcing bar pieces, etc. cut by the roller cutter 12 from the opening 4 to the rear of the apparatus. Reference numeral 11 denotes an obstacle such as a reinforced concrete pile or a steel pile that appears on the front surface of the cutter head 1.
[0013]
The roller cutters 12 are provided on the cutter head 1 on a radius separated from each other by 120 °. The position on each radius is determined so that the cutting range of each roller cutter 12 covers substantially the entire surface of the cutter head 1 when the cutter head 1 makes one rotation. In this case, the center of the cutter head 1 and its vicinity cannot be covered, but its range is small, so that it does not hinder cutting of an obstacle. The roller cutter 12 is arranged such that its blade direction is orthogonal to the radius of the cutter head 1.
[0014]
3 and 4 show the structure of the roller cutter, FIG. 3 is a plan view, and FIG. 4 is a view taken along line XX of FIG. The roller blades 13 of the roller cutter 12 are formed by laminating three disk-shaped blades at regular intervals. The shape of the blade of the roller blades 13, as shown in FIG. 5, in the shape of a saw blade. When cutting an obstacle, a saw blade is used to scrape it little by little to prevent sticking of a reinforcing bar or the like. There are two types of saw blades as shown in (A) and (B), and the direction of rotation is determined by the shape of the blade. The three blades to be overlapped are all shaped to rotate in the same direction. The roller blades 13 of all the roller cutters 12 may be either (A) or (B), but may be halved and the arrangement on the cutter head 1 may be distributed so as to be uniform. .
[0015]
Each roller blade 13 is rotated by a hydraulic motor 14. Each roller blade 13 and hydraulic motor 14 are raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 15. The hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixed to the rear plate 3 of the cutter. When the roller cutter 12 is used, the roller blade 13 and the hydraulic motor 14 are raised to the position of the roller blade 13 shown by a solid line in FIG. Then, the roller blade 13 is lowered so that the tip of the roller blade 13 is flush with the cutter front plate 2.
[0016]
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the movement of the roller cutter 12. (A) shows a state at the time of normal excavation, and (B) shows a state at the time of cutting an obstacle. At the time of normal excavation, the cutting is performed by the earth and sand cutting bit 6, and thus the cutting edge of the roller cutter 12 is in the same position as the cutter front plate 2. Thereby, the wear of the roller blade 13 of the roller cutter 12 can be reduced. When it hits an obstacle 11 such as a reinforced concrete pile, the cutting edge of the roller cutter 12 is moved ahead of the earth and sand cutting bit 6 as shown in FIG. In this case, the earth and sand cutting bit 6 does not hit the obstacle 11.
[0017]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the obstacle hits the obstacle 11 during normal earth and sand excavation, the advance of the shield excavator is stopped, and the rotation of the cutter head 1 is stopped. Next, by operating the hydraulic cylinder 15 of the roller cutter 12, the roller blade 13 is pushed out to the position shown in FIG. Next, along with the rotation of the cutter head 1, the shield excavator is advanced while rotating the roller blade 13 of the roller cutter 12 by the hydraulic motor 14, and the obstacle 11 is cut. When the direction of the saw blade of the roller blade 13 is all the same direction, the rotation direction of the cutter head 1 is set to the direction corresponding to the direction of the saw blade, but the roller in which (A) and (B) of FIG. In the case of the cutter 12, the rotation direction is alternately changed. The rebar, iron scrap, and concrete scrap cut on the roller cutter 12 pass through the opening 4 and are discharged to the outside by the screw conveyor 10. When the cutting of the obstacle 11 is completed, the roller cutter 12 is stored in the state shown in FIG. 6A, and the cutting of the earth and sand is continued by the earth and sand cutting bit 6.
[0018]
Next, another method of using the present invention will be described.
The shield machine digs a pier, lowers it to a predetermined depth, and proceeds in the lateral direction. In addition, a stand is set up at the arrival position, and the ground is raised from there. The surrounding wall of the pier is made of reinforced concrete etc. to withstand the earth pressure, and at the time of start, after the wall in the direction of excavation is destroyed by human power, the earth and sand on the back side of the wall is hardened by chemical injection method and then destroyed Do the work. On arrival, the concrete wall is destroyed by hand after hardening the soil behind the destroyed wall. However, if the roller cutter 12 of the present invention is used, such a wall of the upright can be cut directly, so that the work time and cost required for the wall destruction can be greatly reduced.
[0019]
In the embodiment, the case where the roller blades 13 of the roller cutter 12 are overlapped with three blades is shown. However, the number may be changed to two or four as appropriate. Although the shape of the roller blade 13 is a saw blade, a circular or symmetrical saw blade may be used, and the rotation direction of the cutter head 1 is not limited.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the present invention provides a roller cutter to the cutter head, and by providing the roller cutter with a rotating device and a device for moving the cutter head vertically, the removal of obstacles can be performed only by the excavator. This can be performed reliably and the life of the roller cutter can be extended. As a result, the construction period can be shortened and work safety can be improved. In addition, since the wall at the time of starting and the wall at the time of arrival in the standing can be cut, the work time and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield machine according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a roller cutter.
FIG. 4 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows XX in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a shape of a roller blade .
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the reciprocating operation of the roller cutter.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 cutter head 2 cutter front plate 3 cutter rear plate 4 opening 5 spoke 6 earth and sand cutting bit 11 obstacle 12 roller cutter 13 roller blade 14 hydraulic motor (rotating device)
15 Hydraulic cylinder (retract device)

Claims (3)

A roller cutter provided on a cutter head provided with a bit for earth and sand digging, arranging a direction of a roller blade in a direction intersecting a radial direction of the cutter head, and a roller cutter having a roller blade rotating device; and a face plate for the roller head. An obstruction cutting device for a shield excavator, comprising: an advancing / retreating device for vertically reciprocating with respect to a vehicle. 2. The roller cutter according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the roller cutters are provided in a radial direction of the cutter head, and are arranged so that when the cutter head makes one rotation, substantially the entire area of the front surface of the cutter head is cut. 3. Obstruction cutting equipment for shield excavators. The obstacle cutting device for a shield machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the blade of the roller blade has a shape of a saw blade .

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