JPH08319796A - Obstruction cutting device for shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To remove an obstruction positively only by an excavator by providing a roller cutter with roller edges arranged in the direction intersecting the radial direction of a cutter head, and making the roller cutter movable forward and backward in the vertical direction of the cutter head. CONSTITUTION: A cutter head 1 provided with sediment excavating bits 6 is provided with a roller cutter 12 with roller edges arranged in the direction intersecting the radial direction of the cutter head 1 and rotated by a hydraulic motor. This roller cutter 12 is advanced/retreated in the vertical direction of the cutter head by a hydraulic cylinder. The roller edges of the roller cutter 12 are thereby brought into intersecting contact with an obstruction by the rotation of the roller head 1 so as to cut the obstruction while being rotated. The roller edges are raised only at the time of cutting the obstruction and not used for normal sediment cutting, so that the wear of the roller cutter 12 is reduced, and the service life can be prolonged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an obstacle cutting device of a shield machine for cutting reinforced concrete piles, steel piles and the like when they appear during underground excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In urban areas and the like, reinforced concrete piles and steel piles of a building may exist on a shielded construction planned route. In such a case, when rebar, H steel, steel plate, etc. are cut with a cutter bit for earth and sand cutting, the work piece is entangled with the bit or the work piece breaks the bit, resulting in continuous and stable excavation. I can't. For this reason, in the past, in order to prevent the inflow of earth and sand into the front face of the shield machine, that is, the face of the shield machine, a chemical solution injection method of injecting a chemical solution for stabilization,
The freezing method was used to solidify the soil on the cutting face, and the worker went out to the cutting face and cut the reinforced concrete piles. Since these construction methods require enormous cost and construction period, a method of cutting an obstacle by the operation from the shield machine side has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-54078 discloses a tunnel excavator in which a cutter head is provided with a spiral cutter on the outer circumference of a cylinder, and the cylinder axis is oriented in the radial direction of the cutter head. All the blades of this spiral blade are chipped at the same position on a part of the circumference, and during normal excavation, the spiral blade is advanced so that the chipped surface faces the excavation direction. As a result, during normal excavation, the earth and sand cutting bit cuts the earth and sand before the spiral blade.

[0004]

In the case of the excavator described in the above publication, the blades are lacking at the same rotational position of all spiral cutters, so the force applied to the spiral cutter is uneven during cutting of reinforced concrete piles and the like. And generate vibration and noise. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-122798 discloses a technique in which a roller cutter is provided on a surface corresponding to a cutter head of a shield excavator as a cutter head for a buried pipe cutting frame. However, with this technique, the roller cutter only rotates by the rotation of the cutter head, and it is difficult to cut a reinforced concrete pile or the like because there is no rotation device. In addition, since the roller cutter always hits the object to be excavated, it is also used for ordinary earth and sand excavation, resulting in a problem that the life is shortened.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a device for mechanically removing underground obstacles such as reinforced concrete piles by shield excavation.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the invention of claim 1, the roller blade is provided in a cutter head provided with a bit for earth and sand excavation, and a roller blade is oriented in a direction intersecting a radial direction of the cutter head. It is provided with a roller cutter which is arranged and has a roller blade rotating device, and an advancing / retreating device for advancing / retreating the roller cutter in the vertical direction of the cutter head.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the roller cutters are provided in the radial direction of the cutter head, and when the cutter head makes one revolution, it is arranged so that substantially the entire front surface of the cutter head is cut. .

In the invention of claim 3, the roller cutter has a blade having a shape in which a saw blade is provided on the outer circumference of a circle.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by rotating the cutter head, the blade of each roller cutter crosses the obstacle and hits by the rotating device to cut the obstacle. In addition, the blade of the roller cutter is raised above the earth and sand excavating bit only when cutting obstacles with the advancing and retracting device, so wear is reduced and life is extended, and the ground is not disturbed during normal earth and sand cutting, so it is stable. It is possible to carry out the construction. Further, since the roller cutter has a uniform shape in the circumferential direction of the blade, vibration and noise due to rotation are small.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the roller cutter is arranged so as to substantially cut the entire front surface of the cutter head, it is possible to remove obstacles which hinder the advance of the shield machine simultaneously.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the blade of the roller cutter is in the shape of a saw blade, so that the cutting efficiency is good.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. The cutter head 1 has a thick disk shape and its front and rear surfaces are composed of a cutter front plate 2 and a cutter rear plate 3. The cutter head 1 is provided with an opening 4, a spoke 5 is provided in the opening 4 in the radial direction of the cutter head 1, and a large number of earth and sand cutting bits 6 are attached to the spoke 5. The earth and sand cutting bit 6 is the cutter head 1
2 are provided so as to face each other on the concentric circles, and one of them is cut in accordance with the forward or reverse rotation of the cutter head 1. The earth and sand cutting bit 6 is arranged so that the front surface of the cutter head 1 can be substantially cut when the cutter head 1 is rotated once. The partition wall 7 supports the external pressure together with the cylindrical shell 8 and keeps the inside of the shield machine at atmospheric pressure. A cutter drive motor 9 is provided on the partition wall 7, and the cutter head 1
To rotate. The rotation direction is either forward or reverse. The screw conveyor 10 is a bit 6 for earth and sand cutting
Soil, concrete, rebar pieces, etc., which are cut by the roller cutter 12 or the roller cutter 12, enter the partition 7 side through the opening 4, and are sent to the rear of the apparatus. Reference numeral 11 denotes an obstacle such as a reinforced concrete pile or a steel pile that appears on the front surface of the cutter head 1.

The roller cutters 12 are provided on radii of the cutter head 1 which are separated from each other by 120 °. The position on each radius is set so that the cutting range of each roller cutter 12 covers almost the entire surface of the cutter head 1 when the cutter head 1 makes one revolution. In this case, the center of the cutter head 1 and its vicinity cannot be covered, but its range is small, so cutting of an obstacle will not be hindered. The roller cutter 12 is arranged such that its blade direction is orthogonal to the radius of the cutter head 1.

3 and 4 show the structure of the roller cutter,
FIG. 3 is a plan view, and FIG. 4 is a view on arrow XX in FIG. The roller blade 13 of the roller cutter 12 is formed by stacking three disk-shaped blades at regular intervals. The roller blade 13 has a shape in which a saw blade is provided around the circle as shown in FIG. When cutting obstacles, use a saw blade to scrape off little by little to prevent entanglement of reinforcing bars. The saw blade has two shapes as shown in (A) and (B), and the rotation direction is determined by the shape of the blade. All three overlapping blades are shaped to rotate in the same direction. The roller blades 13 of all the roller cutters 12 may be either (A) or (B), but may be divided into halves and the positions on the cutter head 1 may be evenly distributed. .

Each roller blade 13 is rotated by a hydraulic motor 14. The roller blades 13 and the hydraulic motor 14 are moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 15. Hydraulic cylinder 15
Is fixed to the rear plate 3 of the cutter, and the roller cutter 12
When not in use, the roller blade 13 and the hydraulic motor 14 are raised to the position of the roller blade 13 shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, and when not in use, the tip of the roller blade 13 becomes the surface position with the cutter front plate 2 as shown by the broken line. To descend.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the movement of the roller cutter 12. (A) shows a state at the time of normal excavation, and (B) shows a state at the time of cutting an obstacle. When excavating normally, the earth and sand cutting bit 6
Since the cutting is performed by, the blade edge of the roller cutter 12 is in the surface position with the cutter front plate 2. This allows the roller cutter 1
The wear of the second roller blade 13 can be reduced. When it hits an obstacle 11 such as a reinforced concrete pile, as shown in (B), the blade edge of the roller cutter 12 is moved before the earth and sand cutting bit 6 to cut the obstacle 11. In this case, the earth and sand cutting bit 6 does not hit the obstacle 11.

Next, the operation will be described. When the obstacle 11 is hit during the normal earth and sand excavation, the shield machine is stopped and the cutter head 1 is stopped. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 15 of the roller cutter 12 is operated to operate the roller blade 1.
3 is projected to a position before the earth and sand cutting bit 6 shown in FIG. 6 (B). Next, as the cutter head 1 rotates, the roller blade 13 of the roller cutter 12 is also rotated by the hydraulic motor 14 to advance the shield machine and cut the obstacle 11. When the directions of all the saw blades of the roller blades 13 are constant, the rotation direction of the cutter head 1 is the direction that matches the direction of the saw blades, but the rollers shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are mixed. In the case of the cutter 12, the rotation direction is alternately changed. The rebar, iron scrap, and concrete scrap cut by the roller cutter 12 pass through the opening 4 and are discharged to the outside by the screw conveyor 10. Obstacle 11
When the cutting is completed, the roller cutter 12 is stored in the state shown in FIG. 6 (A), and the earth and sand cutting is continued by the earth and sand cutting bit 6.

Next, another method of using the present invention will be described. The shield machine excavates a vertical shaft, lowers it to a predetermined depth, and advances laterally. In addition, a pit will be set up at the arrival position and pulled up from there. The surrounding wall of the pit is made of reinforced concrete, etc. to withstand earth pressure, and at the time of starting, in order to destroy the wall in the direction of excavation manually, the soil on the back side of the wall is hardened by a chemical solution injection method etc. and then destroyed. Do the work. When arriving, the concrete wall is destroyed manually after the soil behind the wall to be destroyed is solidified. However, by using the roller cutter 12 of the present invention, such a standing wall can be directly cut, so that the working time and cost required for wall destruction can be significantly reduced.

In the embodiment, the roller blade 1 of the roller cutter 12
Although 3 shows the case of stacking three sheets, two sheets or four sheets may be appropriately changed. Further, although the roller blade 13 is a saw blade in the shape, it may be a circular or symmetrical saw blade, and the rotation direction of the cutter head 1 is not limited.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the cutter head is provided with the roller cutter, and the roller cutter is provided with the rotating device and the device for advancing and retracting the cutter head in the vertical direction to remove the obstacle. Can be reliably performed only by the excavator, and the life of the roller cutter can be extended. As a result, the work period can be shortened and work safety can be improved. Further, since the wall at the time of starting and the wall at the time of arrival at the pit can be cut, this working time and construction cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield machine of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a roller cutter.

FIG. 4 is a view on arrow XX in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a shape of a blade of a roller cutter.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an advancing / retreating operation of a roller cutter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cutter Head 2 Cutter Front Plate 3 Cutter Rear Plate 4 Opening 5 Spoke 6 Sediment Cutting Bit 11 Obstacle 12 Roller Cutter 13 Roller Blade 14 Hydraulic Motor (Rotating Device) 15 Hydraulic Cylinder (Advancing / Retracting Device)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A roller cutter provided on a cutter head equipped with a sand excavating bit, having a roller blade oriented in a direction intersecting a radial direction of the cutter head, and having a roller blade rotating device, and the roller cutter. And an advancing / retreating device for advancing / retreating in the vertical direction of the cutter head. 2. A plurality of the roller cutters are provided in a radial direction of the cutter head, and when the cutter head is rotated once, almost the entire front surface of the cutter head is cut. The obstacle cutting device for a shield machine according to claim 1. 3. The obstacle cutting device for a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the roller cutter has a blade having a shape in which a saw blade is provided on the outer circumference of a circle.