CN111685135A

CN111685135A - Traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with disinfection effect, preparation method and disinfectant

Info

Publication number: CN111685135A
Application number: CN202010635538.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马晋芳; 姜凤娟; 陈天玲; 林岳
Original assignee: Guangzhou Benxin Biomedical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Benxin Biomedical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-03
Filing date: 2020-07-03
Publication date: 2020-09-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with a disinfection effect, a preparation method and a disinfectant, and relates to the technical field of chemical industry. The raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine comprise rhizoma atractylodis, folium artemisiae argyi, calamus, sweet wormwood, cinnamomum grahami and auxiliary materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: pulverizing the Chinese medicinal materials, weighing, mixing, extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide, distilling with molecule, or sequentially extracting with ethanol and water to obtain the Chinese medicinal plant extract. The disinfectant is prepared by scientific compatibility and extraction, has few components, low cost, simple preparation, good antibacterial and antiviral effects and natural components, and realizes good sterilizing and disinfecting effects.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with disinfection effect, preparation method and disinfectant

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with a disinfection effect, a preparation method and a disinfectant.

Background

Air is an environmental medium for human life, and the quality of the environment is closely related to the health of people. Due to the rapid development of industry, the environment on which humans live is affected, and the increase of bacteria, viruses and harmful chemical substances in the air greatly increases the probability of people suffering from various diseases. Harmful bacteria are attached to the surface of an object, the surface of human skin or are hidden in a human body at ordinary times, the harmful bacteria propagate in a large quantity and can cause diseases under the condition that the load of the immune system of the human body is exceeded, and infectious diseases caused by the pathogenic bacteria in the environment, particularly the pathogenic bacteria spread in the air, belong to epidemic febrile diseases and have infectivity, epidemic, seasonal and regional properties. The adoption of disinfectant products such as disinfectants and the like can cut off the transmission path of pathogenic bacteria, and is the most convenient, feasible and economical method for preventing infectious diseases in daily life.

At present, the mode that is used for the disinfection of environmental sterilization is mostly the air disinfection method, mainly adopt chemical reagent such as formaldehyde, 84 antiseptic solution, peracetic acid, or ultraviolet irradiation, plasma disinfection, the extermination of germ is carried out to physical methods such as photocatalysis disinfection, though the effect is rapid, the effective concentration is low, but there is certain toxicity or irritability in different degrees, corrosivity etc. influence human health, and reagent itself that adopts in the chemical reagent sterilization method just can constitute the pollutant, and can't disinfect in someone's environment, and need the taste elimination of certain time after the disinfection to enter, if can't eliminate fast, long-term use is harmful to the human body, lack real green security. For ordinary families, physical disinfection methods such as cooking and exposure to the sun are mostly selected when disinfection methods are selected again. Indoor air disinfection mainly adopts periodic window opening for ventilation. The household disinfectant is generally selected to be a medium-level or low-level disinfectant, such as 75% alcohol, 0.5% iodophor and the like, and the 84 disinfectant is a high-level disinfectant, but when the household disinfectant is used, the household disinfectant can fade fabrics in the household. Therefore, it is very important to develop a novel disinfectant which has the advantages of rapid reaction, no toxic or side effect, small corrosiveness, no secondary pollution, easy transportation and simple and convenient use.

Chinese patent application 201910295247.3 discloses Artemisia apiacea and Baicao oil and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the existing mosquito repellent product is poor in use effect. The product comprises a medicinal component vegetable oil, wherein the medicinal component comprises the following raw materials; artemisia apiacea leaf, wild chrysanthemum flower, honeysuckle flower, safflower, magnolia flower, honeysuckle whole plant, paniculate swallowwort root, isatis root, dandelion, shiny pricklyash root, murraya paniculata, hibiscus sabdariffa, senecio cannabifolius, climbing groundsel herb, groundsel, wormwood, paniculate swallowwort root, litsea cubeba seed, common cnidium fruit, grassleaf sweelflag rhizome, melaleuca alternifolia, fructus amomi, radix angelicae pubescentis, notopterygium root, cassia twig, wrinkled gianthyssop, clove, angelica dahurica, lalang grass rhizome, ligusticum wallichii, pseudo-ginseng, sweet wormwood oil, artemisinin, sandalwood oil, dalbergia wood oil, rosewood oil, camphor oil, peppermint oil, methyl salicylate, turpentine oil, eucalyptus oil and verbena oil. The product adopts vegetable oil extraction and steam distillation preparation process based on similar intermiscibility principle, and has good mosquito repellent effect.

Chinese patent application 201610363660.5 discloses a Chinese herbal medicine formula for indoor disinfection of a farm, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of argyi leaf 160, 15-20 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 2-5 parts of realgar, 3-4 parts of camphor bark, 6-8 parts of phellodendron, 4-6 parts of folium isatidis, 3-5 parts of camphor, 1-3 parts of angelica dahurica, 1-3 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 2-4 parts of herba artemisiae scopariae, 8-10 parts of prepared rehmannia root, 3-4 parts of fructus cnidii, 6-8 parts of lavender, 2-4 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 3-4 parts of prepared myrrh, 6-8 parts of cacumen biotae, 10-12 parts of sculellaria barbata, 6-8 parts of uncaria, 2-4 parts of folium viticis negundo, 4-6 parts of crape myrtle bark, 4-; the disinfectant is prepared from pure natural Chinese herbal medicines, has aromatic smell, no pungent and nasal odor, is green and environment-friendly, has no stimulation and toxic action on livestock raising and breeding personnel, is prepared from the medicines through scientific compatibility, has high-efficiency bactericidal property, can quickly kill bacteria and viruses, and has better disinfection effect on farms.

However, the plant extract products have the defects of various components and complicated preparation, and contain dozens of plant components, so that on one hand, the raw materials are high in cost and high in preparation difficulty, and on the other hand, the components are complicated and may generate certain side effects. In view of the above, the sterilization disinfectant is prepared from the raw materials of rhizoma atractylodis, folium artemisiae argyi, calamus, sweet wormwood herb and cinnamomum kanehirae through scientific compatibility and extraction, and has the advantages of few components, low cost, simple preparation, very good antibacterial and antiviral effects, natural components and good sterilization and disinfection effects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract and a disinfectant with disinfection effect, which have the advantages of few components, low cost and simple preparation, overcome the using effect of the existing household disinfectant and the problem of pollution to metal, fabrics and the like, and realize good disinfection effect.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with disinfection effect, which is prepared from raw materials of rhizoma atractylodis, folium artemisiae argyi, calamus, sweet wormwood herb, cinnamomum gambosum and auxiliary materials. Wherein the auxiliary materials are one or more of costustoot, pricklyash peel and dahurian angelica root.

Preferably, in the raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract, the mass ratio of the rhizoma atractylodis, the folium artemisiae argyi, the calamus, the sweet wormwood herb, the cinnamomum japonicum and the auxiliary materials is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-10.

Preferably, the rhizoma atractylodis is one or more of traditional Chinese medicines including rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and rhizoma atractylodis lanceae.

Preferably, the auxiliary materials are radix angelicae, or radix aucklandiae and zanthoxylum bungeanum.

Preferably, when the auxiliary material is angelica dahurica, the mass ratio of the rhizoma atractylodis, the folium artemisiae argyi, the calamus, the sweet wormwood herb, the cinnamomum japonicum and the angelica dahurica is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5, more preferably 5:3:3:3:2: 1; when the auxiliary materials are costustoot and pricklyash peel, the mass ratio of the Chinese medicines of the rhizoma atractylodis, the folium artemisiae argyi, the calamus, the sweet wormwood herb, the cinnamomum kombum, the costustoot and the pricklyash peel is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5, more preferably 5:3:3:3:2:2: 1.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract, which comprises the following steps: pulverizing the Chinese medicinal materials, weighing, mixing, extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide, distilling with molecules, or sequentially extracting with ethanol and water to obtain the Chinese medicinal plant extract.

Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and molecular distillation extraction steps are as follows: extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain extract, and separating by molecular distillation to obtain Chinese medicinal plant extract in the form of volatile oil.

Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction pressure is 30-60MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 1-3 h. More preferably: the extraction pressure is 45MPa, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and the extraction time is 1.5 h.

Preferably, the molecular distillation conditions are as follows: the distillation temperature is 60-160 deg.C, the vacuum degree is 0.1-30pa, and the dripping speed of the extract is 1-6 drops/3 s. More preferably: the distillation temperature was 100 ℃ and the vacuum was 15pa, and the dropping rate of the extract was 3 drops/3 seconds.

Preferably, the step of extracting with ethanol and water comprises: extracting with ethanol, filtering, concentrating to obtain Chinese medicinal extract in form of ethanol extract, extracting the residues with water, filtering, and concentrating to obtain Chinese medicinal extract in form of water extract.

Preferably, the ethanol extraction feed-liquid ratio is 1: 10-30 percent of ethanol, 50-95 percent of ethanol concentration, 60-100 ℃ of extraction temperature, 0.5-3h of extraction time and 1-3 times of extraction times. More preferably: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 15, adding 80% of ethanol, extracting at 90 ℃ for 1h for 2 times, filtering, and concentrating to obtain the ethanol extract.

Preferably, the water extraction conditions are: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 10-30, the extraction temperature is 60-100 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-3h, and the extraction times are 1-3. More preferably: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 15, extracting at 100 ℃ for 1h for 2 times, filtering and concentrating to obtain an aqueous extract.

In another aspect, the invention also provides a disinfectant for sterilization and disinfection, which comprises the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract or the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract prepared by the preparation method.

Preferably, the disinfectant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-30% of traditional Chinese medicine plant extract and the balance of ethanol; or Chinese medicinal plant extract 0.1-30%, ethanol 50-75%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6-7%, lauric acid 8-20%, acetic acid 5-10%, and water in balance.

Further preferably, the 0.1-30% of the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract is specifically: the alcohol extract accounts for 0.1-20% of the total amount, the water extract accounts for 0.1-10% of the total amount, or the total amount is 0.1-30% of the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and molecular distillation extract.

Preferably, the disinfectant is a liquid disinfectant.

Preferably, the disinfectant can be used for environmental disinfection, air disinfection and household disinfection.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides a novel traditional Chinese medicine mixed extract for sterilization and disinfection, which has the advantages of few components, simple raw material composition and convenient preparation;

2. has good antibacterial and antiviral effects;

3. the components are more natural, do not cause harm to human bodies and are more suitable for home use.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples in order to make the technical means, the technical features, the technical objectives and the effects of the present invention easier to understand, but the following examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all the procedures and equipment used were conventional procedures and equipment used was conventional equipment.

In the following embodiments, the alcohol extract and the water extract refer to a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of an alcohol extract and a traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of a water extract, respectively.

1. Preparation of Chinese medicinal plant extract

Example 1

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, radix aucklandiae, and fructus Zanthoxyli, sieving with No. 4 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 5:3:3: 2:2:1, mixing, and extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method under the specific conditions: the extraction pressure is 45MPa, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and the extraction time is 90 min. Separating the supercritical extract by molecular distillation under the following conditions: the distillation temperature was 100 ℃, the vacuum was 15pa, and the rate of addition of the extract was 3 drops/3 seconds. Collecting to obtain Chinese medicinal plant extract in the form of volatile oil.

Example 2

Different from the embodiment 1, the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is replaced by rhizoma atractylodis lanceae, and the rest are the same, so that the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of volatile oil is obtained.

Example 3

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, radix aucklandiae, and fructus Zanthoxyli, sieving with No. 4 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 1:5:5:5:1:1:2, mixing, and extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method under the specific conditions: the extraction pressure is 30MPa, the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 1 h. Separating the supercritical extract by molecular distillation under the following conditions: the distillation temperature was 60 ℃, the vacuum degree was 0.1pa, and the dropping rate of the extract was 1 drop/3 sec. Collecting to obtain Chinese medicinal plant extract in the form of volatile oil.

Example 4

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, radix aucklandiae, and fructus Zanthoxyli, sieving with No. 4 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 3:1:1: 5:5:5, mixing, and extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method under the specific conditions: the extraction pressure is 60MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, and the extraction time is 3 h. Separating the supercritical extract by molecular distillation under the following conditions: the distillation temperature was 160 ℃ and the vacuum was 30pa, and the dropping rate of the extract was 2 drops/3 seconds. Collecting to obtain Chinese medicinal plant extract in the form of volatile oil.

Example 5

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae, sieving with No. 2 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 5:3:3:3:2:1, mixing, extracting with 80% ethanol under the specific conditions: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 15, extracting at 90 ℃ for 1h for 2 times, filtering and concentrating to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of alcohol extract. Extracting the residue with water. The water extraction conditions used were: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 15, extracting for 1h at 100 ℃, extracting for 2 times, filtering and concentrating to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of aqueous extract.

Example 6

Different from the embodiment 5, the rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae is replaced by rhizoma atractylodis lanceae, and the rest is the same, so that the traditional Chinese medicine plant extracts in the forms of alcohol extract and water extract are obtained.

Example 7

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae, sieving with No. 2 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 5:3:3:3:2:1, mixing, extracting with 50% ethanol under the specific conditions: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 10, extracting at 60 ℃ for 3h for 1 time, filtering and concentrating to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of alcohol extract. Extracting the residue with water. The water extraction conditions used were: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 30, the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5h, the extraction times are 3 times, and the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of aqueous extract is obtained after filtration and concentration.

Example 8

Respectively pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi Camphorae, and radix Angelicae Dahuricae, sieving with No. 2 sieve, weighing at a ratio of 5:3:3:3:2:1, mixing, extracting with 95% ethanol under the specific conditions: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 30, the extraction temperature is 100 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5h, the extraction times are 3 times, and the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of alcohol extract is obtained after filtration and concentration. Extracting the residue with water. The water extraction conditions used were: the ratio of material to liquid is 1: 10, extracting at 80 ℃ for 3h for 1 time, filtering and concentrating to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the form of an aqueous extract.

2. Preparation of disinfectant

Example 9

Consists of the following components: the Chinese medicinal plant extract is 15 wt%, and ethanol is the rest, and is obtained by mixing well. The herbal extracts are obtained from example 1.

Example 10

Consists of the following components: the Chinese medicinal plant extract is 15 wt%, and ethanol is the rest, and is obtained by mixing well. The herbal extracts are obtained from example 2.

Example 11

Different from the embodiment 9, the quality fraction of the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract is 5 percent, and the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract is prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the embodiment 3, and the rest is the same.

Example 12

Different from the embodiment 9, the mass fraction of the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract is 30 percent, and the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract is prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract in the embodiment 4, and the rest is the same.

Example 13

Consists of the following components: the alcohol extract accounts for 10 percent of the total amount, the water extract accounts for 1 percent of the total amount, the ethanol accounts for 50 percent, the sodium dodecyl sulfate accounts for 6 percent, the lauric acid accounts for 10 percent, the acetic acid accounts for 5 percent, and the rest is water. The alcohol and water extracts were from example 5.

Example 14

Consists of the following components: the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract comprises 20 percent of alcohol extract, 10 percent of water extract, 50 percent of ethanol, 6 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 8 percent of lauric acid, 5 percent of acetic acid and the balance of water. The alcohol and water extracts are from example 6.

Example 15

Consists of the following components: the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract comprises 0.1 percent of alcohol extract, 0.1 percent of water extract, 75 percent of ethanol, 7 percent of lauryl sodium sulfate, 8 percent of lauric acid, 6 percent of acetic acid and the balance of water. The alcohol and water extracts are from example 7.

Example 16

Unlike example 13, the alcohol and water extracts were obtained from example 8, and the rest were the same.

Comparative example 1

The same as example 1, except that no aucklandia root and pepper were added.

Comparative example 2

The difference from example 5 is that no dahurian angelica root is added, and the rest is the same.

Test example

1. Environmental disinfection test

The test was conducted in a closed room of 40 square meters. And (3) sampling natural bacteria in the air by using an FA-I six-level sieve pore air impact type sampler to obtain a sample before disinfection. Respectively extracting with the Chinese medicinal materials prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative example 1The disinfectant prepared in examples 9 to 12 was sterilized, and 75% alcohol was used as a reference. Sterilizing a closed room, wherein the spraying amount is 1mL/m³And sampling after 15 minutes as a sterilized sample. The experiment was repeated three times.

And (3) directly placing the sampling plates of the three parallel tests into an incubator at 37 ℃ respectively, culturing for 48 hours, counting the number of growing colonies, and calculating the average disinfection rate. The results are shown in table 1:

table 1.

It can be seen that the herbal extract of the present invention can achieve a very good disinfection effect, wherein the disinfection effect of example 1 is the best. The traditional Chinese medicine plant extract can still play a role in disinfection by being mixed with ethanol for use.

2. Household disinfection test

Samples were first taken 5cm by 5cm of the surface area before sterilization. Smearing and sampling with a sterile cotton swab soaked with the sampling liquid, and placing the sampling cotton swab in a test tube containing 5ml of neutralization sampling liquid to be used as sampling before disinfection. Then, the herb extracts prepared in examples 5 to 8 and comparative example 2, the disinfectants prepared in examples 13 to 16, and the 75% alcohol reference example were sprayed to the other 1 area of 5cm by 5cm to be completely wet, and after 10 minutes of the action, the sample was taken after the disinfection by the same method using a sterile cotton swab. Viable bacteria counting and testing are carried out on the samples sampled before and after disinfection, the reduction logarithm value of the natural bacteria on the surface is calculated, and 30 tests are repeatedly carried out, and the results are shown in table 2.

Table 2.

The traditional Chinese medicine plant extract has good bactericidal effect and has the advantages of good bactericidal effectThe sterilization effect is best in the embodiment 5. Meanwhile, the disinfectant prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract can reduce the using amount of ethanol, reduce harm and irritation and obtain a better sterilizing effect. The results of 30 repeated tests show that the disinfectant of example 13 has the effect of spraying and disinfecting general objects for 10 minutes, and the reduced average killing logarithm value of the natural bacteria is 2.67 (> 1.00). The number of the natural bacteria after disinfection is 0-1.0cfu/cm². The home disinfectant prepared by the invention has a good sterilization effect.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, but rather, the present invention is to be construed broadly and cover all modifications, equivalents, and improvements falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine plant extract with disinfection effect is characterized in that raw materials of the extract comprise rhizoma atractylodis, folium artemisiae argyi, calamus, sweet wormwood herb, cinnamomum kombucum and auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are one or more of costustoot, pricklyash peel and angelica dahurica.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine plant extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise rhizoma atractylodis, folium artemisiae argyi, calamus, sweet wormwood, cinnamomum japonicum and auxiliary materials in a mass ratio of 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-10.

3. The herbal extract of claim 1, wherein the adjuvant is radix Angelicae Dahuricae; or radix aucklandiae and fructus Zanthoxyli.

4. The traditional Chinese medicine plant extract as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the adjuvant is radix Angelicae Dahuricae, the mass ratio of rhizoma Atractylodis, folium Artemisiae Argyi, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Artemisiae Annuae, ramulus Cinnamomi and radix Angelicae Dahuricae is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5; when the auxiliary materials are costustoot and pricklyash peel, the mass ratio of the Chinese medicines of the rhizoma atractylodis, the folium artemisiae argyi, the calamus, the sweet wormwood herb, the cinnamomum kombum, the costustoot and the pricklyash peel is 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5: 1-5.

5. The method for preparing the extract of the Chinese herbal medicine plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: pulverizing the Chinese medicinal materials, weighing, mixing, extracting with supercritical carbon dioxide, distilling with molecule, or sequentially extracting with ethanol and water to obtain the Chinese medicinal plant extract.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction conditions are: the extraction pressure is 30-60MPa, the extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the extraction time is 1-3 h; the conditions of the molecular distillation are as follows: the distillation temperature is 60-160 deg.C, the vacuum degree is 0.1-30pa, and the dripping speed of the extract is 1-6 drops/3 s.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the ethanol extraction conditions are: the material-liquid ratio is 1: 10-30 percent of ethanol with the concentration of 50-95 percent, the extraction temperature of 60-100 ℃, the extraction time of 0.5-3h and the extraction times of 1-3 times; the conditions of the water extraction are as follows: the material-liquid ratio is 1: 10-30, the extraction temperature is 60-100 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-3h, and the extraction times are 1-3.

8. A disinfectant for sterilization and disinfection, which is characterized by comprising the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 or the traditional Chinese medicine plant extract prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. The disinfectant as recited in claim 8, wherein the disinfectant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-30% of traditional Chinese medicine plant extract and the balance of ethanol; or Chinese medicinal plant extract 0.1-30%, ethanol 50-75%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6-7%, lauric acid 8-20%, acetic acid 5-10%, and water in balance.

10. The disinfectant according to claim 8, wherein the herbal extract comprises 0.1-30% by weight of: 0.1-20% of alcohol extract and 0.1-10% of water extract; or all the extract is obtained by extracting with 0.1-30% supercritical carbon dioxide and molecular distilling.