CN111671181A - 一种口罩及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种口罩及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111671181A
CN111671181A CN202010510122.0A CN202010510122A CN111671181A CN 111671181 A CN111671181 A CN 111671181A CN 202010510122 A CN202010510122 A CN 202010510122A CN 111671181 A CN111671181 A CN 111671181A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
temperature
skin
layer
microcapsule
nanofiber layer
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Pending
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CN202010510122.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
霍晓楠
毛萃
孟凡锦
李焕焕
曹青福
史记
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Light Jinjiang Sanitary Products Research Co ltd
China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute
Original Assignee
China Light Jinjiang Sanitary Products Research Co ltd
China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute
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Application filed by China Light Jinjiang Sanitary Products Research Co ltd, China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute filed Critical China Light Jinjiang Sanitary Products Research Co ltd
Priority to CN202010510122.0A priority Critical patent/CN111671181A/zh
Publication of CN111671181A publication Critical patent/CN111671181A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A41D13/1192Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres with antimicrobial agent
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02Layered materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/30Antimicrobial, e.g. antibacterial
    • A41D31/305Antimicrobial, e.g. antibacterial using layered materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B37/06Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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    • B32B37/10Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • D01D5/003Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
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    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/02Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/08Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/16Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/18Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种口罩及其制备方法。该口罩主体部分结构由外到内依次分为疏水表层、中间层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层,其中中间层由抑菌纳米纤维层、支撑纤维层、调温纳米纤维层构成。纳米纤维层均采用静电纺丝技术进行制备成型,并与疏水表层、支撑层通过超声波焊接、热压复合或者胶粘接成一体。该制备方法有机结合静电纺丝技术与微胶囊技术,制备的产品在具有一定力学性能的同时轻薄柔软且抗菌性能优异、调温性能稳定、护肤功能显著。采用该制备方法所制得的口罩在保持良好的抑菌能力的同时,亦具有良好的储热调温功能与护肤能力,佩戴时轻便舒适,大大降低了呼吸阻力且过滤性能优异,具有较大的应用价值与广阔的市场前景。

Description

一种口罩及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及卫生防护用品领域,具体涉及一种具有调温抑菌护肤功能的口罩及其制备方法。
背景技术
工业文明的快速发展引起了越来越多的环境问题,比如全球气候变暖与空气质量变差。由于全球气候的变暖,高原冰川与极地冰川解冻,许多被冰封的远古病毒与微生物被逐渐释放出来,同时伴随着空气质量的日益下降,这些病毒与微生物可能会引发诸多流行性疾病,这对于地球上的人类是巨大的威胁。
随着人类安全意识的提高,为了应对日益变差的空气质量与流行性疾病,人们通常采用佩戴口罩的方式进行自我保护。目前市场上的口罩种类琳琅满目,根据国标的定义,可将口罩的类型分为随弃式半面罩、可更换式半面罩和全面罩三种。然而每种口罩都存在着诸多不足。诸多一次性口罩防护能力不够且用即弃式的使用方法造成了物资资源的极大浪费。国标中规定的口罩KN90和KN95的过滤效率需分别大于90.0%和95.0%,该要求保证了对于雾霾污染物的有效截留,但对于大部分滤材而言,过滤效率越高呼吸阻力越大,而呼吸阻力越大佩戴者呼吸不适感越严重,而且长时间使用时更会带来皮肤问题,这是由于口罩长时间包覆面部皮肤,人体呼出的气体会使局部微气候变得湿润、温度相应较高、水合度较大,这为细菌与病毒的生存繁衍创造有利的环境,从而引发皮肤问题。目前绝大部分口罩本身不具备调温能力、抑菌能力与护肤能力,因此对传统口罩赋予调温、抑菌、护肤功能具有非常重大的理论意义与应用价值。
静电纺丝是使高分子溶液或熔体带电,并置于喷丝口与接收屏之间的高压电场中,通过静电吸引力克服高分子溶液或熔体的表面张力,从而使纺丝液成为一股带电的喷射流,并在电场中运动,最后集聚在金属网状接收屏上,成为无纺布状的纤维毡,高分子溶液或熔体因溶剂的蒸发或熔体冷却而固化,从而成为纳米纤维无纺织布。用静电纺纳米纤维制备的过滤膜直径小(一般几十至几百纳米)、比表面积高,具有过滤效率高和空气阻力低等优点。同质量的纳米纤维过滤膜与常规纤维过滤膜相比,其过滤效率能提高70%。有文献报道,传统的过滤膜密度为39g/m2,而利用静电纺丝技术制备的PEO过滤膜其密度能达到3g/m2,可过滤100nm左右的微粒。此外,有研究表明,纳米纤维直径越小,其过滤效率越高,同时纤维的直径分布与膜的过滤效率也密切相关。而且目前大部分PM2.5口罩采用驻极熔喷布制备高效过滤层,采用电晕放电的方式,使普通熔喷布带有电荷从而提高对微粒的捕集和过滤,随着微粒的富集以及温度的变化,驻极作用下降明显,导致口罩的防护能力急剧下降。通过静电纺丝制备出的无纺布本身就具有一定的静电,且电荷稳定性较好,因此不需要额外的驻极作用,操作简捷方便。
胶囊是一种具备核壳结构的微小“容器”,用于保护或控制释放囊芯物质,遮蔽气味等,实现了囊芯物质的永久固态化,使得囊芯物质的使用、贮存和运输更加方便。根据粒径可以划分为:粒径小于1μm的纳米胶囊、粒径在1~1000μm的微胶囊和粒径大于1mm的大胶囊。其在航空航天、建筑、环境保护、纺织服装、医疗卫生、电子器件冷却和军事伪装等诸多领域有着广泛的应用。
近年来,关于提高口罩抗菌能力的专利已有许多。中国专利CN201610444058.4以制备Fe3+、N共掺杂二氧化钛和生物质高聚物微/纳米纤维微孔膜为口罩基材,制备出既能有效阻挡PM2.5,又具有抗菌、高效处理有机污染物的口罩。中国专利CN201610012431.9采用纳米银颗粒作为抗菌层,采用电喷法将纳米银离子喷涂到无纺布层的纺粘布上,从而使口罩具备一定的抑菌能力,但是纳米银离子抗菌剂仅是附着在口罩的表面,并没有形成化学键,结合相对不稳定,另一方面,纳米银离子存在一定的迁移毒性,在使用过程中不利于人体健康。日本专利JP2016056481A是将有机酸的氰基丙烯酸酯聚合物颗粒添加到纤维的表面或者内部,从而使纤维具有抗菌能力,但是氰基丙烯酸酯聚合物中的氰基具有一定的毒性,丙烯酸基具有一定的特殊气味,会对人体带来一定的影响。日本专利JP5885917B2通过利用金属酞菁与金属氨络合物负载到纤维上,使纤维具有一定的抗菌性能。以上的专利方法仅是用于制备具有单一的抑菌功能的口罩,同时具有抑菌功能、调温功能与护肤功能的口罩及其制备方法很少被报道。
发明内容
为解决上述提到的问题,针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种同时具有抑菌功能、调温功能与护肤功能的口罩及其制备方法。该制备方法有机结合静电纺丝技术与微胶囊技术,制备的产品在具有一定力学性能的同时轻薄柔软且抗菌性能优异、调温性能稳定、护肤功能显著。采用该制备方法所制得的口罩在保持良好的抑菌能力的同时,亦具有良好的储热调温功能与护肤能力,佩戴时轻便舒适,大大降低了呼吸阻力且过滤性能优异,具有较大的应用价值与广阔的市场前景。
本发明制备出的口罩其特征是口罩主体部分结构由外到内依次分为疏水表层、抑菌纳米纤维层、支撑纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层。抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层采用静电纺丝技术进行制备成型,并与疏水表层、支撑层通过超声波焊接、热压复合或者胶粘接成一体。
本发明制备口罩的具体步骤如下:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取1~80份抑菌剂加入到1~100份的分散剂中,在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min,形成微胶囊芯材;将2~160份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;将0.2~50份表面活性剂溶解在10~90℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过10~70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质2~60min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于5~90℃温度下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液。
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取2~240份调温微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2~50份表面活性剂、1~80份相变材料后在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5~190℃温度下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液。
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取2~240份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2~50份表面活性剂、1~80份护肤材料后在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过20~70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质3~90min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5~190℃温度下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液。
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层。
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层。
(6)护肤抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层。
(7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层与疏水表层、支撑层进行复配组合,由外向内依次为疏水表层、中间层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层,其中中间层由抑菌纳米纤维层、支撑纤维层、调温纳米纤维层任意次序构成。
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻夹。
所述抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料为壳聚糖、壳聚糖氯化铵、羧甲基壳聚糖、纳米纤维素、甲基维生素、羟甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、硝酸纤维素、麦芽糊精、环糊精、玉米糖浆、淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、果胶、海藻酸钠、卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、明胶、大豆蛋白、血红蛋白、酪蛋白、乳清蛋白、蜂蜡、石蜡、油脂、脂质体、聚脲、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、氨基树脂、脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
所述抑菌微胶囊芯材为纳米银、纳米锌、葡萄糖酸氯己定、黄姜根醇、乙基香草醛类、酰基苯胺类、日柏醇、咪唑类、山梨酸、香草醛、噻唑类、异噻唑啉酮衍生物、双呱类、十二烷基乙氧基磺基甜菜碱、十四烷基甲基二羟乙基溴化铵中的至少一种。
所述调温微胶囊囊壁材料为脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、甲基醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、丁基醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、聚氨酯及其预聚体、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、醋酸纤维素、明胶、阿拉伯胶中的至少一种。
所述调温微胶囊芯材为石蜡类、羧酸类、羧酸酯类、多元醇类、正烷醇类、糖醇类、聚醚类中的至少一种。
所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、山梨糖醇酐油酸酯、乳化剂OP10、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、土耳其红油、烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠,海藻酸丙二酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、烷基硫酸钠或拉开粉中任一种或任意几种以任意比的混合物。
所述调温微胶囊的相变温度为25~40℃。
所述护肤微胶囊囊壁材料为壳聚糖、壳聚糖氯化铵、羧甲基壳聚糖、纳米纤维素、聚乙烯醇、淀粉、麦芽糊精、明胶、阿拉伯胶、大豆蛋白、胶原蛋白中的至少一种。
所述护肤微胶囊芯材为精油类、维生素类、氨基酸、蛋白质中的至少一种。
所述胶囊的粒径范围在2nm~20μm。
所述纺丝原液中的溶质为醋酸纤维素、纳米纤维素、纤维素聚合物、醋酸-丁酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、硝化纤维素、聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯、尼龙6、尼龙66、丝素蛋白、纤维蛋白原、玉米醇溶蛋白、大豆分离蛋白,小麦蛋白、乳清蛋白、明胶、壳聚糖、葡聚糖、透明质酸、海藻酸钠、大豆多糖、果胶、黄原胶、卡拉胶、聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
所述纺丝原液中的溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、丙酮、甲酸、乙酸、乙醇、蒸馏水中的至少一种。
所述微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液的质量比为1∶9~7∶3。
所述静电纺丝的工艺参数为:电压为10KV~40KV,流速为0.1mL/h~10mL/h,接收距离为5cm~30cm,接收毂的转速为10rpm~1000rpm。
所述疏水表层为涤纶、锦纶、氨纶、丙纶、氯纶、腈纶、纺粘无纺布中的至少一种。
所述支撑层为涤纶、锦纶、氨纶、丙纶、氯纶、腈纶、纺粘、粘胶、蚕丝、羊毛、棉无纺布中的至少一种。
制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层可根据实际需要与疏水表层、支撑层进行多层复配使用,从而可以组合制备出不同层数的口罩,可适用于多种领域,一般而言,护肤抑菌纳米纤维层位于接触皮肤的最内层。疏水表层的存在可以隔绝飞沫、体液等液体的渗入,支撑层为口罩主体提供了一定的力学强度。由于静电纺丝制备出的纳米纤维层厚度较薄,即使多层纳米纤维层与疏水表层、支撑层组合叠加到一起组成口罩,佩戴时仍不会出现较大的呼吸阻力,加上口罩中相变微胶囊的调温作用,可以有效控制口罩内的温度,极大的减轻了憋闷感。此外,静电纺丝制备出的纳米纤维层孔径较小约为10nm~20μm,可以阻隔绝大部分的颗粒物与细菌病毒,静电纺丝中的抑菌微胶囊可以杀死其截留的细菌与病毒,使口罩可以反复利用;护肤微胶囊中的护肤物质在佩戴时会逐步缓释到面部皮肤上,从而起到滋润皮肤的作用,即使长时间佩戴口罩时面部皮肤仍会保持健康。
附图说明
图1是实施例1所制备的调温纳米纤维层电子显微镜图(扫描电子显微图片)。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步说明本发明描述的方法,但是并不意味着本发明局限于这些实施例。
实施例1:
一种口罩的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取40份抑菌剂噻唑加入到50份的分散剂乙醚中,在47℃下高速搅拌60min,形成微胶囊芯材;将90份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料壳聚糖季铵盐溶解在50℃分散剂水溶液中,搅拌均匀;将25份表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠溶解在50℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为15000rmp剪切乳化60min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过40Mpa的高压均质机高压均质30min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于50℃温度下反应12h,调节溶液pH至4.5,经超声分散20min后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液。
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取120份调温微胶囊囊壁材料明胶溶解在50℃分散剂水中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入25份表面活性剂OP10、40份相变材料十八烷后在55℃下高速搅拌60min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为15000rmp剪切乳化60min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于50℃温度下反应12h,调节溶液pH至8.5,经超声分散20min后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液。
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取120份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料阿拉伯胶溶解在50℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入25份表面活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、40份护肤材料金盏花油后在60℃下高速搅拌60min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为15000rmp剪切乳化60min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过45Mpa的高压均质机高压均质50min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于70℃温度下反应12h,调节溶液pH至7,经超声分散15min后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液。
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的醋酸纤维素,5%水性聚氨酯,溶剂为水)按照5∶5混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(静电纺丝工艺参数为电压为20KV,流速为5mL/h,接收距离为19cm,接收毂的转速为500rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层。
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的醋酸纤维素,5%水性聚氨酯,溶剂为水)按照5∶5混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(静电纺丝工艺参数为电压为22KV,流速为6mL/h,接收距离为17cm,接收毂的转速为460rpm)制得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层。
(6)护肤纳米纤维抑菌层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的醋酸纤维素,5%水性聚氨酯,溶剂为水)按照质量比2∶4∶4混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(静电纺丝工艺参数为电压为25KV,流速为8mL/h,接收距离为15cm,接收毂的转速为390rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层。
(7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层各2层与疏水表层纺粘无纺布、支撑层丙纶无纺布进行组合使用,组合方式为从外向内依次为纺粘无纺布1层、抑菌纳米纤维层2层、丙纶无纺布1层、调温纳米纤维层2层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层2层,其中护肤抑菌纳米纤维层位于接触皮肤的最内层;随后采用超声波焊接的方式将各层粘结到一起,制备出口罩主体。
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻夹。
本实施例制得的调温纳米纤维层电子显微镜如图1所示,从图中可知,本实施例制得的调温纳米纤维层明显包含有相变微胶囊,纳米纤维呈念珠状结构,且调温纳米纤维层孔径较小,可有效截留灰尘、细菌与病毒。
实施例2:
一种口罩的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取80份抑菌剂酰基苯胺加入到100份的分散剂中,在90℃下高速搅拌120min,形成微胶囊芯材;将160份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料羧甲基壳聚糖溶解在90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;将50份表面活性剂山梨糖醇酐油酸酯溶解在90℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为30000rmp剪切乳化120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质60min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于190℃温度下反应24h,调节溶液pH至7.5,经超声30min分散后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液。
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取240份调温微胶囊囊壁材料酚醛树脂溶解在90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入50份表面活性剂苯乙烯马来酸酐、80份相变材料正十六烷后在90℃下高速搅拌120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为30000rmp剪切乳化120min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于90℃温度下反应24h,调节溶液pH为5.5,经超声分散30min后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液。
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取240份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料明胶溶解在90℃分散剂水中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入50份表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠、80份护肤材料维生素E后在90℃下高速搅拌120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为30000rmp剪切乳化120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质90min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于90℃温度下反应24h,调节溶液pH为5.6,经超声分散后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液。
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为7%的纳米纤维素,3%聚丙烯腈,溶剂为乙酸)按照7∶3混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为40KV,流速为10mL/h,接收距离为30cm,接收毂的转速为1000rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层。
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为7%的纳米纤维素,3%聚丙烯腈,溶剂为乙酸)按照7∶3混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为38KV,流速为8mL/h,接收距离为28cm,接收毂的转速为900rpm)制得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层。
(6)护肤抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为7%的纳米纤维素,3%聚丙烯腈,溶剂为乙酸)按照2∶3∶5混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为40KV,流速为9mL/h,接收距离为27cm,接收毂的转速为950rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层。
(7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层各20层与疏水表层涤纶无纺布、支撑层锦纶无纺布进行组合使用,组合方式为从外向内依次为涤纶无纺布2层、抑菌纳米纤维层20层、调温纳米纤维层20层、锦纶无纺布1层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层20层,其中护肤抑菌纳米纤维层位于接触皮肤的最内层;随后采用热压的方式将各层粘结到一起,制备出口罩主体。
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻夹。
实施例3:
一种口罩的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取1份抑菌剂异噻唑酮加入到1份的分散剂中,在5℃下高速搅拌3min,形成微胶囊芯材;将2份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料羧甲基壳聚糖溶解在10份分散剂中,搅拌均匀;将0.2份表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶解在10℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为1000rmp剪切乳化2min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过10Mpa的高压均质机高压均质2min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于5℃温度下反应1h,调节溶液pH为6.5,经超声分散10min后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液。
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取2份调温微胶囊囊壁材料脲醛树脂溶解在10℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2份表面活性剂海藻酸丙二酯、1份相变材料丙烯酸十八烷基酯后在5℃下高速搅拌3min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100rmp剪切乳化2min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5℃温度下反应1h,调节溶液pH为7.5,经超声分散10min后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液。
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取2份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料麦芽糊精溶解在10℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2份表面活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、1份护肤材料柠檬精油后在5℃下高速搅拌3min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100rmp剪切乳化2min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过20Mpa的高压均质机高压均质3min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5℃温度下反应1h,调节溶液pH为5.0,经超声分散10min后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液。
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的纳米纤维素,5%丝素蛋白,溶剂为乙酸)按照1∶9混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为10KV,流速为0.1mL/h,接收距离为5cm,接收毂的转速为10rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层。
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的纳米纤维素,5%丝素蛋白,溶剂为乙酸)按照1∶9混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为10KV,流速为0.1mL/h,接收距离为5cm,接收毂的转速为10rpm)制得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层。
(6)护肤抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为5%的纳米纤维素,5%丝素蛋白,溶剂为乙酸)按照3∶3∶4混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为10KV,流速为0.1mL/h,接收距离为5cm,接收毂的转速为10rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层。
(7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层各10层与疏水表层氨纶无纺布、支撑层棉无纺布进行组合使用,组合方式为从外向内依次为氨纶无纺布2层、调温纳米纤维层10层、棉无纺布1层、抑菌纳米纤维层10层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层10层,其中护肤抑菌纳米纤维层位于接触皮肤的最内层;随后采用热压的方式将各层粘结到一起,制备出口罩主体。
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻夹。
实施例4:
一种口罩的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取25份抑菌剂十四烷基甲基二羟乙基溴化铵加入到30份的分散剂中,在27℃下高速搅拌40min,形成微胶囊芯材;将50份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料壳聚糖溶解在30℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;将15份表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠溶解在30℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为10000rmp剪切乳化40min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过20Mpa的高压均质机高压均质20min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于30℃温度下反应8h,调节溶液pH为4.5,经超声分散20min后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液。
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取70份调温微胶囊囊壁材料氨基树脂溶解在30℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入15份表面活性剂SMA、25份相变材料丙烯酸酯后在30℃下高速搅拌40min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为10000rmp剪切乳化40min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于30℃温度下反应8h,调节溶液pH为7.5,经超声分散后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液。
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取70份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料阿拉伯胶与明胶混合物溶解在30℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入15份表面活性剂拉开粉、25份护肤材料玫瑰精油后在30℃下高速搅拌40min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为10000rmp剪切乳化40min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过25Mpa的高压均质机高压均质30min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于30℃温度下反应9h,调节溶液pH为5.5,经超声分散20min后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液。
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液(溶质为6%的乙基纤维素,4%壳聚糖,溶剂为甲酸)与纺丝原液按照6∶4比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为26KV,流速为5mL/h,接收距离为15cm,接收毂的转速为555rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层。
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为6%的乙基纤维素,4%壳聚糖,溶剂为甲酸)按照6∶4混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为29KV,流速为6mL/h,接收距离为16cm,接收毂的转速为625rpm)制得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层。
(6)护肤抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液(溶质为6%的乙基纤维素,4%壳聚糖,溶剂为甲酸)按照2∶5∶3比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝(电压为22KV,流速为7mL/h,接收距离为17cm,接收毂的转速为750rpm)制得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层。
(7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层各50层与疏水表层涤纶无纺布、支撑层无纺布进行组合使用,组合方式为从外向内依次为氯纶无纺布1层、抑菌纳米纤维层20层、调温纳米纤维层50层、腈纶无纺布2层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层30层,其中护肤抑菌纳米纤维层位于接触皮肤的最内层;随后采用热压的方式将各层粘结到一起,制备出口罩主体。
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻夹。
该口罩制备方法工艺简单,多种方式可实施,产品抑菌性能、调温性能、护肤性能稳定,力学性能优异,具有广阔的应用前景,适于工业化应用。该制备方法所制得的口罩在保持良好防护功能的同时,亦具有良好的抑菌能力、调温能力与护肤能力,使用安全,用途广泛。
以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

1.一种口罩的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)抑菌微胶囊分散液的制备:取1~80份抑菌剂加入到1~100份的分散剂中,在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min,形成微胶囊芯材;将2~160份抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;将0.2~50份表面活性剂溶解在10~90℃的蒸馏水中,搅拌均匀;将上述三种溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过10~70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质2~60min,随后将其转移到烧瓶中于5~90℃温度下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有抑菌功能的抑菌微胶囊分散液;
(2)调温微胶囊分散液的制备:取2~240份调温微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2~50份表面活性剂、1~80份相变材料后在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5~190℃下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有调温功能的相变微胶囊分散液;
(3)护肤微胶囊分散液的制备:取2~240份护肤微胶囊囊壁材料溶解在10~90℃分散剂中,搅拌均匀;向其中加入0.2~50份表面活性剂、1~80份护肤材料后在5~90℃下高速搅拌3~120min;将上述溶液混合搅拌均匀,对其进行剪切速率为100~30000rmp剪切乳化2~120min;将剪切乳化后的混合溶液经过20~70Mpa的高压均质机高压均质3~90min。随后将剪切乳化后的乳液转移到烧瓶中于5~190℃下反应1~24h,调节溶液pH,经超声分散后可制备出具有护肤功能的护肤微胶囊分散液;
(4)抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有抑菌微胶囊的抑菌纳米纤维层;
(5)调温纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(2)制备的调温微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有调温微胶囊的调温纳米纤维层;
(6)护肤抑菌纳米纤维层的制备:将步骤(1)制备的抑菌微胶囊分散液、步骤(3)制备的护肤微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液按照一定比例混合,经高速剪切乳化、过滤和真空脱泡后经静电纺丝得含有抑菌微胶囊与护肤微胶囊的护肤抑菌纳米纤维层;
7)将步骤(4)、(5)、(6)制备出的抑菌纳米纤维层、调温纳米纤维层、护肤抑菌纳米纤维层与疏水表层、支撑层进行复配组合,由外向内依次为疏水表层、中间层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层,其中中间层由抑菌纳米纤维层、支撑纤维层、调温纳米纤维层任意次序构成;
(8)按照现有技术对步骤(7)制备出的口罩主体进行3D立体裁剪与连接口罩带、鼻托。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抑菌微胶囊囊壁材料为壳聚糖、壳聚糖氯化铵、羧甲基壳聚糖、纳米纤维素、甲基维生素、羟甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、硝酸纤维素、麦芽糊精、环糊精、玉米糖浆、淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、果胶、海藻酸钠、卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、明胶、大豆蛋白、血红蛋白、酪蛋白、乳清蛋白、蜂蜡、石蜡、油脂、脂质体、聚脲、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、氨基树脂、脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抑菌微胶囊芯材为纳米银、纳米锌、葡萄糖酸氯己定、黄姜根醇、乙基香草醛类、酰基苯胺类、日柏醇、咪唑类、山梨酸、香草醛、噻唑类、异噻唑啉酮衍生物、双呱类、十二烷基乙氧基磺基甜菜碱、十四烷基甲基二羟乙基溴化铵中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述调温微胶囊囊壁材料为脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、甲基醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、丁基醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、聚氨酯及其预聚体、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、醋酸纤维素、明胶、阿拉伯胶中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述调温微胶囊芯材为石蜡类、羧酸类、羧酸酯类、多元醇类、正烷醇类、糖醇类、聚醚类中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述护肤微胶囊囊壁材料为壳聚糖、壳聚糖氯化铵、羧甲基壳聚糖、纳米纤维素、聚乙烯醇、淀粉、麦芽糊精、明胶、阿拉伯胶、大豆蛋白、胶原蛋白中的至少一种。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述护肤微胶囊芯材为精油类、维生素类、氨基酸、蛋白质中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述纺丝原液中的溶质为醋酸纤维素、纤维素聚合物、醋酸-丁酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、硝化纤维素、纳米纤维素、聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯、尼龙6、尼龙66、丝素蛋白、纤维蛋白原、玉米醇溶蛋白、大豆分离蛋白,小麦蛋白、乳清蛋白、明胶、壳聚糖、葡聚糖、透明质酸、海藻酸钠、大豆多糖、果胶、黄原胶、卡拉胶、聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
9.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述微胶囊分散液与纺丝原液的质量比为1∶9~7∶3。
10.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述静电纺丝的工艺参数为:电压为10KV~40KV,流速为0.1mL/h~10mL/h,接收距离为5cm~30cm,接收毂的转速为10rpm~1000rpm。
11.一种口罩,其特征在于:口罩主体部分结构由外到内依次分为疏水表层、中间层、抑菌护肤纳米纤维层,其中中间层由抑菌纳米纤维层、支撑纤维层、调温纳米纤维层任意次序构成。
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