CN111670764A - Cistanche inoculation method - Google Patents
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- CN111670764A CN111670764A CN202010676953.5A CN202010676953A CN111670764A CN 111670764 A CN111670764 A CN 111670764A CN 202010676953 A CN202010676953 A CN 202010676953A CN 111670764 A CN111670764 A CN 111670764A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inoculation method of cistanche, which comprises the following steps: seed pretreatment, seed ditch digging, seeding, sand covering and water management. The invention improves the inoculation rate and the germination rate of the cistanche deserticola by pretreating the cistanche deserticola seeds and limiting a specific inoculation mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting of psammophytes, in particular to an inoculation method of cistanche.
Background
Cistanche deserticola (Cistanche deserviola Ma), also known as Cistanchis herba, and Charlie abraham (Mongolian), belong to endangered species. Big and tall herbs, 40-160 cm tall, mostly grown underground. The flowering period is 5-6 months, and the fruit period is 6-8 months. Mainly produced in Sinkiang and the inner Mongolia AlaLau, and also distributed in Gansu and Ningxia; cistanche salsa is a parasitic plant parasitic on the root of desert shrub haloxylon ammodendron, and absorbs nutrients and water from haloxylon ammodendron hosts. The ginseng has the reputation of desert ginseng, has extremely high medicinal value and is a traditional famous and precious Chinese medicinal material. Cistanche deserticola has historically been used as a treasure in Shang Gong court in countries in Western countries and is also one of the most frequently used tonifying medicines in the formulas for tonifying kidney and strengthening yang in all ages.
The demand for cistanche is more and more extensive just because of the extremely high nutritive value of cistanche, and the wild cistanche is naturally distributed in a small quantity and cannot meet the large demand of people, so that 'family planting' becomes the most common method for propagating cistanche in large quantity. However, in the prior art, after the cistanche is inoculated for a period of time, the phenomena of low germination rate, low survival rate and the like often occur, and the root correction of the phenomena can be related to improper pretreatment of seeds, improper inoculation condition and improper sowing depth.
Therefore, how to provide a cistanche inoculation method is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an inoculation method of cistanche, which improves the inoculation rate and germination rate of cistanche by pretreating cistanche seeds and limiting a specific inoculation mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment: pretreating cistanche seeds;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 20-30cm and the depth of 30-40cm according to the line spacing of 0.5-0.8 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.3-0.4m, and simultaneously spraying a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand;
5) water content management: after inoculation, water is poured twice with an interval of 15-21 days. The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the water-retaining agent can be fused into fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the fertilizer are fused into a sheet shape, the cistanche seeds and the water-retaining agent are fused together, then, when water is poured near the water-retaining agent, the root system of the haloxylon ammodendron can stretch to the vicinity of the cistanche due to the water permeability of the plant root system, so that the cistanche is convenient to parasitize, and then the cistanche parasitism is combined with the cistanche, and the inoculation rate is improved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the process of pretreating the cistanche seeds in step 1) comprises:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 6-8h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8-9%, and storing the cistanche seeds at the temperature of 5 ℃ for 80-100 days for low-temperature stratification;
(12) soaking Cistanchis herba seed in 75% alcohol by mass under stirring for 1-2min, and adding 0.01% K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 10-12min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1-2h, and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 30-35min, and airing.
The technical effect achieved by the technical scheme is as follows: the pretreatment method can thoroughly break the dormancy of the cistanche seeds, promote the seed germination and the development of radicles, improve the germination rate of the cistanche seeds to more than 80 percent, and effectively solve the problems in the development of cistanche industry in arid desert areas.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 4), the particle size of the fine sand is 2-8 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 3), the plant spacing of the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings is 1.5-2.0 m.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 5), the watering amount is 1-2kg per plant.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the cistanche inoculation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that cistanche seeds are pretreated, so that the germination rate of the cistanche seeds is improved; the survival rate of the cistanche deserticola is improved by digging an inoculation ditch and a specific inoculation method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) pretreating cistanche seeds:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at 30 ℃ for 6h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8.8-9%, and storing the cistanche seeds at 5 ℃ for 80 days to perform low-temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking Cistanchis herba seed in 75% alcohol by mass under stirring for 1min, and adding 0.01% K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 10min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1h, and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 30min, and airing;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 20cm and the depth of 30cm according to the line spacing of 0.5 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.3m, and simultaneously spreading a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche deserticola, wherein the plant spacing is 1.5 m;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand; the grain diameter of the fine sand is 2-3 mm;
5) water content management: after inoculation, watering is carried out once every 15 days, and the watering amount is 1kg per plant.
Example 2
A cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at 35 ℃ for 8h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8-8.2%, and then storing the cistanche seeds at 5 ℃ for 100 days for low-temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking Cistanchis herba seed in 75% alcohol under stirring for 2min, and adding 0.01% K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 12min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 2 hours and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 35 minutes, and airing;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 30cm and the depth of 40cm according to the line spacing of 0.8 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.4m, and simultaneously spreading a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche deserticola, wherein the plant spacing is 2.0 m;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand; the grain diameter of the fine sand is 3-6 mm;
5) water content management: after inoculation, the plants were watered once every 21 days with a water amount of 2 kg/plant.
Example 3
A cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at 32 ℃ for 7h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8.3-8.4%, and then storing the cistanche seeds at 5 ℃ for 80-100 days for low-temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking the low-temperature laminated cistanche seeds in 75% by mass of alcohol, stirring for 1.5min, and adding 0.01% by mass of K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 11min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1.5h and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 32 minutes, and airing;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: excavating inoculation trenches with the width of 25cm and the depth of 35cm according to the line spacing of 0.6 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.35m, and simultaneously spreading a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche deserticola, wherein the plant spacing is 1.75 m;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand; the grain diameter of the fine sand is 6-8 mm;
5) water content management: after inoculation, watering is carried out once every 18 days, and the watering amount is 1.5kg per plant.
Example 4
A cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment:
(11) cleaning Cistanchis herba seed by stages, drying the cleaned Cistanchis herba seed at 33 deg.C for 6.5 hr to control water content of Cistanchis herba seed at 8.5-8.7%, and storing the Cistanchis herba seed at 5 deg.C for 85 days for low temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking the low-temperature laminated cistanche seeds in 75% by mass of alcohol, stirring for 1.2min, and adding 0.01% by mass of K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 10.5min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1.3h, and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 26 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 33 minutes, and airing;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 26cm and the depth of 56cm according to the line spacing of 0.7 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.38m, and simultaneously spreading a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche deserticola, wherein the plant spacing is 1.6 m;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand; the grain diameter of the fine sand is 3-5 mm;
5) water content management: after inoculation, the plants were watered once every 16.5 days with a water dose of 1.2kg per plant.
Example 5
A cistanche inoculation method comprises the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at 34 ℃ for 7.5h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8.3-8.5%, and then storing the cistanche seeds at 5 ℃ for 95 days for low-temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking the low-temperature laminated cistanche seeds in 75% by mass of alcohol, stirring for 1.6min, and adding 0.01% by mass of K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 11.5min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1.6h and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 28 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 34 minutes, and airing;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 28cm and the depth of 58cm according to the line spacing of 0.7 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.32m, and simultaneously spreading a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche deserticola, wherein the plant spacing is 1.8 m;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand; the grain diameter of the fine sand is 2-3 mm;
5) water content management: after inoculation, watering was carried out every 19.5 days with a water amount of 1.8 kg/plant.
Selecting a test field of 500m by 500m, wherein the pH of the soil is 7.0-7.5, respectively inoculating 300 cistanche seeds according to the method in the embodiment 1-5, performing 3 repeated tests on each group, and counting the germination rate of cistanche after 15 days; after 2 months, the result of counting the survival rate of the cistanche seedlings is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| The germination percentage is% | 82.53 | 82.40 | 87.69 | 83.76 | 82.15 |
| The survival rate is high | 92.27 | 92.48 | 95.36 | 91.73 | 92.08 |
Example 6
Selecting a test field with 500m by 500m and the pH of the soil of 7-7.5, and performing the following tests, wherein each group is tested by 300 cistanche seeds:
planting cistanche seeds by the method in the embodiment 3, and marking as a test group 1;
omitting the pretreatment process of cistanche seeds in the example 3, directly selecting plump seeds for inoculation, and marking the inoculation process as the same as the steps 2) -5 of the example 3 as a test group 2;
omitting the operation of step 12) of example 3, directly mixing the seeds subjected to the low-temperature stratification of step 11) with the acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, soaking the seeds for 1.6h, then airing, and then carrying out subsequent operation according to the method of the embodiment 3, and marking as a test group 3;
omitting the operation of step 15) in example 3, obtaining air-dried seeds according to the methods of steps 11) to 14), and then inoculating the air-dried seeds of cistanche deserticola in the manner of steps 2) to 5) of example 3, and marking as a test group 4;
the process of sand coating in the step 4) in the embodiment 3 is changed as follows: planting the haloxylon ammodendron seedlings by using fine sand with the particle size of 2-5mm until an inoculation pit is filled by the fine sand, then sowing cistanche seeds on the fine sand, and marking as a test group 5 by performing the other operations in the same way as in the embodiment 3;
pretreating cistanche seeds according to the method in the step 1) in the embodiment 3, then directly sowing the pretreated cistanche seeds, wherein the sowing depth is 55cm, the plant spacing is 45cm, and then planting haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between adjacent cistanche seeds, the plant spacing is 2m, and the plant spacing is marked as a test group 6;
inoculating cistanche deserticola by using an inoculation method in the prior art: directly soaking full cistanche seeds for 5 hours by 0.1mg/L of fluopyridone, then sowing the soaked seeds in soil, and carrying out the following processes in the same test group 6;
after 15 days, the germination rate of each group is counted, and after 2 months, the survival rate of the cistanche is counted; the results are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2
| Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 | Test group 5 | Test group 6 | Control group | |
| The germination percentage is% | 87.53 | 60.37 | 79.24 | 80.19 | 85.48 | 84.69 | 83.35 |
| The survival rate is high | 95.39 | 92.18 | 88.47 | 91.73 | 76.28 | 72.18 | 66.72 |
As can be seen from table 2, the pretreatment of the cistanche seeds can significantly improve the germination rate of the seeds; the survival rate of the seeds can be obviously improved by digging the inoculation pit and inoculating according to the method of the embodiment 3; meanwhile, cistanche seeds are pretreated and inoculated in the inoculation pits, so that the germination rate and the survival rate of the seeds can be obviously improved, and the method makes obvious progress compared with a control group.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The cistanche inoculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) seed pretreatment: pretreating cistanche seeds;
2) digging a seed receiving ditch: digging inoculation trenches with the width of 30-40cm and the depth of 30-40cm according to the line spacing of 0.5-0.8 m;
3) sowing: uniformly spreading the cistanche seeds pretreated in the step 1) into an inoculation ditch according to the plant spacing of 0.3-0.4m, and simultaneously spraying a water-retaining agent near the cistanche seeds; planting a row of haloxylon ammodendron seedlings between each row of cistanche;
4) sand covering: filling and leveling the inoculation ditch with fine sand;
5) water content management: after inoculation, water is poured twice with an interval of 15-21 days.
2. The inoculation method of cistanche deserticola according to claim 1, wherein the process of pretreating cistanche deserticola seeds in step 1) comprises:
(11) cleaning and grading cistanche seeds, drying the cleaned and graded cistanche seeds at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 6-8h to control the water content of the cistanche seeds to be 8-9%, and then storing the cistanche seeds at the temperature of 5 ℃ for 80-100 days for low-temperature lamination treatment;
(12) soaking Cistanchis herba seed in 75% alcohol by mass under stirring for 1-2min, and adding 0.01% K2MnO4Soaking in the solution, stirring for 10-12min, and cleaning with distilled water;
(13) cleaning cistanche seeds, and an acetylcholine solution with the concentration of 1.2mmol/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, seed dressing, soaking the seeds for 1-2h, and then airing;
(14) uniformly spraying the surface of the cistanche deserticola seed treated in the step (13) with a forchlorfenuron solution with the concentration of 0.5mg/L, and airing after closing the seed for 60 min;
(15) airing the cistanche seeds treated in the step (14) for 8 hours at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, soaking the cistanche seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 0.01mg/L for 30-35min, and airing.
3. The cistanche inoculation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4), the fine sand has a particle size of 2-8 mm.
4. The cistanche inoculation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), the spacing between the halaxylon seedlings is 1.5-2.0 m.
5. The cistanche inoculation method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5), the watering amount is 1-2kg per plant.
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