CN111668506A - Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents

Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111668506A
CN111668506A CN202010599469.7A CN202010599469A CN111668506A CN 111668506 A CN111668506 A CN 111668506A CN 202010599469 A CN202010599469 A CN 202010599469A CN 111668506 A CN111668506 A CN 111668506A
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outlet
inlet
area
oxidant
single plate
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CN202010599469.7A
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CN111668506B (en
Inventor
侯金亮
董志亮
江洪春
于强
秦连庆
唐廷江
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Wuhan Xiongtao Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Xiongtao Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206Metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0202Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0271Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0276Sealing means characterised by their form
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel metal bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises an anode single plate and a cathode single plate which are welded together, wherein the anode single plate and the cathode single plate have the same structure, and further comprises an inlet channel area, an inlet end flow channel transition area, a flow field flow channel area, an outlet end flow channel transition area, an outlet channel area, a sealing line area and a welding line area.

Description

Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a novel metal bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are considered as a potential clean energy source with their high efficiency, high specific energy, and low pollution. The bipolar plate is a key component of the PEMFC, not only occupies 70% to 80% of the weight of the cell, but also occupies a considerable proportion in the production cost of the cell, has the functions of mechanically supporting the membrane electrode, isolating and distributing reactants, collecting and conducting current, and also plays a role in the heat dissipation and drainage of the whole cell system.
The conventional bipolar plate is mainly made of graphite material, and various flow channel shapes are formed by compression molding. However, the graphite bipolar plate is thick and heavy, which increases the weight of the whole battery system, and the graphite bipolar plate has the disadvantages of low mechanical strength, large conductive resistance, high processing cost and the like, which always restricts the improvement of the overall performance of the battery system.
Moreover, a large-area compression sealing gasket is adopted to achieve the sealing effect when the fuel and the oxidant are sealed between the existing metal bipolar plate and the MEA, but the mode only has the sealing effect under the conditions of low-power galvanic pile and low air inlet pressure; for some high power stacks that require high pressure feed gas, this approach presents a risk of gas leakage. In addition, many of the existing metal bipolar plate intercooling channels are not ideal in flow, and the uniformity of coolant distribution is problematic.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel metal bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell, which is formed by adopting a metal compression mold, has the advantages of good forming quality, light weight, high production efficiency and good heat conduction performance, improves the heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell, improves the structure of a flow passage transition area, optimizes the detailed structure size of the bipolar plate, increases a sealing line area, and ensures that the circulation and distribution of fuel, oxidant and cooling liquid between an anode single plate and a cathode single plate are more uniform.
A novel metal bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell comprises an anode single plate and a cathode single plate which are welded together, wherein the anode single plate and the cathode single plate have the same structure and comprise an inlet channel area, an inlet end flow channel transition area, a flow field flow channel area, an outlet end flow channel transition area, an outlet channel area, a sealing line area and a welding line area;
the inlet channel area comprises a fuel inlet, a coolant inlet and an oxidant inlet, the outlet channel area comprises a fuel outlet, a coolant outlet and an oxidant outlet, the sectional areas of the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet are not smaller than the sectional areas of the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet respectively, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the ridge of the fuel inlet, the ridge of the fuel outlet, the ridge of the oxidant inlet and the ridge of the oxidant outlet;
the inlet end runner transition region and the outlet end runner transition region are used for communicating a fuel inlet, a flow field runner region and a fuel outlet or an oxidant inlet, a flow field runner region and an oxidant outlet, the inlet end runner transition region and the outlet end runner transition region are respectively provided with a large boss, a small boss and a plurality of strip-shaped flow distribution parts, the large boss is connected with the flow field runner region, the strip-shaped flow distribution parts are partially overlapped with the large boss, the small boss is arranged on the large boss, the height of the large boss is not more than that of the small boss, and the tops of the strip-shaped flow distribution parts, the flow field runner region and the small boss are on the same horizontal plane;
the sealing line areas are arranged on the outer sides of the air inlets and the air outlets, a gap between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate sealing line areas is a cooling liquid flow channel, the welding line areas are arranged on the outer sides of the sealing line areas of the fuel gas inlet, the fuel gas outlet, the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet, welding line areas are also arranged on the outer edges of all the whole anode single plates and the whole cathode single plates, and the welding line areas are used for fixing the anode single plates and the cathode single plates.
Preferably, the anode single plate and the cathode single plate are formed by compression molding of stainless steel sheets.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the molding depth of the welding line region is the same as the molding depth of the flow field channel region, and the molding depth of the sealing line region is smaller than the molding depth of the welding line region.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the molding depth of the seal line region is 0.4 to 0.6 times of the molding depth of the weld line region.
Preferably, the height of the large boss is 0.4-0.5 times of the height of the small boss.
Preferably, the plate thickness of the anode single plate and the cathode single plate is 0.05-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the molding depth of the flow field channel region is 0.4mm, and the interval between adjacent channels in the flow field channel region is 1.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hydrogen fuel cell is molded by adopting a metal die, so that the molding quality is good, the weight is light, the production efficiency is high, the heat conduction performance is good, and the heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.
2. The back of the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet, which is adjacent to the welding line area, is provided with a circle of vent holes at intervals, so that smooth circulation of the gas and the oxidant can be effectively ensured.
3. The strip-shaped separation part, the large boss and the small boss are arranged, so that the structures of the inlet end transition region and the outlet end transition region are improved, the gas and the oxidant can more uniformly enter and exit the inlet channel region and the outlet channel region and pass through the flow field runner region, and the overall performance of the hydrogen fuel cell is improved.
4. Set up welding line district, sealing line district uses with MEA's sealing line cooperation, guarantee bipolar plate's that can be fine sealing performance, guarantee that the coolant liquid carries out good distribution and circulation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the inlet channel region or the outlet channel region of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective cutaway view of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of either the inlet end flow channel transition region or the outlet end flow channel transition region of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fuel inlet, a fuel outlet, an oxidant inlet, or an oxidant outlet.
Fig. 7 is a partial cutaway view of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a partial cutaway view of a coolant inlet or coolant outlet.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1-anode single plate, 2-cathode single plate, 3-inlet channel region, 301-fuel inlet, 302-coolant inlet, 303-oxidant inlet, 4-inlet end runner transition region, 5-flow field runner region, 6-outlet end runner transition region, 7-outlet channel region, 701-fuel outlet, 702-coolant outlet, 703-oxidant outlet, 8-sealing line region, 9-welding line region, 10-gas outlet hole, 11-big boss, 12-small boss and 13-strip-shaped flow dividing part.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The novel metal bipolar plate for the hydrogen fuel cell as shown in fig. 1 to 8 comprises an anode single plate 1 and a cathode single plate 2 which are welded together, wherein the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 have the same structure and comprise an inlet channel area 3, an inlet end flow channel transition area 4, a flow field flow channel area 5, an outlet end flow channel transition area 6, an outlet channel area 7, a seal line area 8 and a weld line area 9;
the inlet channel region 3 comprises a fuel inlet 301, a coolant inlet 302 and an oxidant inlet 303, the outlet channel region 7 comprises a fuel outlet 701, a coolant outlet 702 and an oxidant outlet 703, the sectional areas of the oxidant inlet 303 and the oxidant outlet 703 are respectively not smaller than the sectional areas of the fuel inlet 301 and the fuel outlet 701, and a plurality of air outlets 10 are formed in the ridge back of the fuel inlet 301, the fuel outlet 303, the oxidant inlet 701 and the oxidant outlet 703;
the inlet end flow channel transition region 4 and the outlet end flow channel transition region 6 are communicated with a fuel inlet 301, a flow field flow channel region 5 and a fuel outlet 701 or an oxidant inlet 303, a flow field flow channel region 5 and an oxidant outlet 703, the inlet end flow passage transition region 4 and the outlet end flow passage transition region 6 are respectively provided with a large boss 11, a small boss 12 and a plurality of strip-shaped flow dividing parts 13, the large boss 11 is connected with the flow field flow channel area 5, the strip-shaped flow dividing part 13 is partially overlapped with the large boss 11, the small boss 12 is arranged on the large boss 11, the height 1 of the large boss 11 is not more than the height of the small boss 12, the strip-shaped flow dividing part 13, the flow field runner area 5 and the top of the small lug boss 12 are on the same horizontal plane, the strip-shaped separation part 13 divides the fluid passing through the area, so that the fluid more uniformly enters the flow field channel area 5 or returns to the outlet channel area 7;
the sealing line regions 8 are arranged at the outer sides of the air inlets and the air outlets, a gap between the sealing line regions 8 of the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 is a cooling liquid flow channel, the welding line regions 9 are arranged at the outer sides of the sealing line regions 8 of the fuel gas inlet 301, the fuel gas outlet 701, the oxidant inlet 303 and the oxidant outlet 703, the welding line regions 9 are also arranged at the outer edges of all the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2, the welding line regions 9 are used for fixing the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2, and a cavity between the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 forms a cooling liquid flow channel communicated with the space between the cooling liquid inlet 302 and the cooling liquid outlet 702.
In this embodiment, the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 are formed by compression molding a stainless steel thin plate, and meanwhile, other metal alloy thin plates with the same performance can be adopted, so that the metal material has light weight, good compression molding quality, high production efficiency and good heat conduction performance, and the heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell can be effectively improved.
In the present embodiment, the molding depth of the bonding wire region 9 is the same as that of the flow field channel region 5, and the molding depth of the seal wire region 8 is smaller than that of the bonding wire region 9.
In this embodiment, the molding depth of the seal line region is 0.4 to 0.6 times the molding depth of the solder line region.
In this embodiment, the height of the large boss is 0.4 to 0.5 times of the height of the small boss.
In this embodiment, the plate thickness of the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 is 0.05-0.1 mm.
In this embodiment, the molding depth of the flow field channel region 5 is 0.4mm, and the interval between adjacent channels in the flow field channel region 5 is 1.2 mm.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A novel metal bipolar plate of a hydrogen fuel cell is characterized in that: the device comprises an anode single plate and a cathode single plate which are welded together, wherein the anode single plate and the cathode single plate have the same structure and comprise an inlet channel area, an inlet end flow channel transition area, a flow field flow channel area, an outlet end flow channel transition area, an outlet channel area, a sealing line area and a welding line area;
the inlet channel area comprises a fuel inlet, a coolant inlet and an oxidant inlet, the outlet channel area comprises a fuel outlet, a coolant outlet and an oxidant outlet, the sectional areas of the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet are not smaller than the sectional areas of the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet respectively, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the ridge of the fuel inlet, the ridge of the fuel outlet, the ridge of the oxidant inlet and the ridge of the oxidant outlet;
the inlet end runner transition region and the outlet end runner transition region are used for communicating a fuel inlet, a flow field runner region and a fuel outlet or an oxidant inlet, a flow field runner region and an oxidant outlet, the inlet end runner transition region and the outlet end runner transition region are respectively provided with a large boss, a small boss and a plurality of strip-shaped flow distribution parts, the large boss is connected with the flow field runner region, the strip-shaped flow distribution parts are partially overlapped with the large boss, the small boss is arranged on the large boss, the height of the large boss is not more than that of the small boss, and the tops of the strip-shaped flow distribution parts, the flow field runner region and the small boss are on the same horizontal plane;
the sealing line areas are arranged on the outer sides of the air inlets and the air outlets, a gap between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate sealing line areas is a cooling liquid flow channel, the welding line areas are arranged on the outer sides of the sealing line areas of the fuel gas inlet, the fuel gas outlet, the oxidant inlet and the oxidant outlet, welding line areas are also arranged on the outer edges of all the whole anode single plates and the whole cathode single plates, and the welding line areas are used for fixing the anode single plates and the cathode single plates.
2. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the anode single plate and the cathode single plate are formed by compression molding of a stainless steel thin plate.
3. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the molding depth of the welding line area is consistent with that of the flow field runner area, and the molding depth of the sealing line area is smaller than that of the welding line area.
4. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 3, wherein: the die pressing depth of the sealing line area is 0.4-0.6 times of the die pressing depth of the welding line area.
5. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the height of the large boss is 0.4-0.6 times of the height of the small boss.
6. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the plate thickness of the anode single plate and the cathode single plate is 0.05-0.1 mm.
7. The metallic bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the mould pressing depth of the flow field runner area is 0.4mm, and the interval between adjacent runners of the flow field runner area is 1.2 mm.
CN202010599469.7A 2020-06-28 2020-06-28 Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell Active CN111668506B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112909282A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-04 江苏大学 Fuel cell bipolar plate and manufacturing method thereof
CN113013436A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-22 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Metal bipolar plate structure capable of being sealed firstly and then welded and assembling method thereof
CN113594488A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-11-02 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 Air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell thereof
CN114551921A (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow field structure

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103700865A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-02 清华大学 Metal bipolar plate for fuel batteries
CN106571472A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 上海交通大学 Fuel cell metal dual pole plate assembly for enhancing fluid uniformity
CN208208882U (en) * 2018-03-06 2018-12-07 深圳众为氢能科技有限公司 A kind of hydrogen fuel battery metal bi-polar plate with reinforcement structure
CN110391436A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-10-29 上海电气集团股份有限公司 One metal double-plate for proton exchange film fuel cell
US20200119371A1 (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Jiangsu Horizon New Energy Technologies Co. Ltd. Hybrid bipolar plate for fuel cell
CN212085140U (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-12-04 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103700865A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-02 清华大学 Metal bipolar plate for fuel batteries
CN106571472A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-04-19 上海交通大学 Fuel cell metal dual pole plate assembly for enhancing fluid uniformity
CN208208882U (en) * 2018-03-06 2018-12-07 深圳众为氢能科技有限公司 A kind of hydrogen fuel battery metal bi-polar plate with reinforcement structure
US20200119371A1 (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Jiangsu Horizon New Energy Technologies Co. Ltd. Hybrid bipolar plate for fuel cell
CN110391436A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-10-29 上海电气集团股份有限公司 One metal double-plate for proton exchange film fuel cell
CN212085140U (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-12-04 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114551921A (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow field structure
CN114551921B (en) * 2020-11-26 2024-04-02 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Flow field structure of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN112909282A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-04 江苏大学 Fuel cell bipolar plate and manufacturing method thereof
CN113013436A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-22 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Metal bipolar plate structure capable of being sealed firstly and then welded and assembling method thereof
CN113594488A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-11-02 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 Air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell thereof

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