CN111662138A - Method and device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure - Google Patents
Method and device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure Download PDFInfo
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
- C05F17/15—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment the material being gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
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- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for aerobic humification of feces in livestock and poultry breeding, which comprises an aerobic humification tank, a heat energy converter and a solar energy and electric energy conversion device, wherein a feces discharge port is formed in the position, close to the bottom, of the aerobic humification tank, the aerobic humification tank is connected with the heat energy converter, the bottom of the aerobic humification tank is connected with an electrolytic tank, the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is connected with the electrolytic tank, the aerobic humification tank is communicated with the electrolytic tank, and a bearing layer is arranged at the communicated position. The heat pump system is utilized to convert abundant solar energy and air in the area to accelerate the aerobic humification process of the livestock and poultry manure; utilize solar energy with excrement sewage water electrolysis oxygen suppliment, solve traditional good oxygen compost air feed system sewage layer oxygen suppliment not enough, uneven, excrement layer moisture volatilizees too fast, the temperature scatters and disappears too fast problem, the technical essential lies in safety, high efficiency, economy, simple, easy going, non-professional also can operate and maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment, in particular to a method and a device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding excrement.
Background
Pig raising has become one of the leading industries for many farmers to become rich. However, the pig raising process discharges a large amount of N, P, K-rich excrement into the regional environment, and the ecological environment safety of water and soil is seriously threatened. The technology is designed based on the current situation of the famous regional live pig breeding industry and the characteristics of regional environment, overcomes the problems of the traditional anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation technologies, fully utilizes solar energy and air energy, and is safer, more efficient, more economic, simpler and more feasible.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device, and solves the problems of large odor, potential safety hazard of methane generation, quick water loss, large heat loss, difficult equipment operation, high technical requirement and the like in the conventional anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation technology.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device for the aerobic humification of the livestock and poultry breeding manure is characterized in that: including good oxygen humus jar, heat energy converter, solar energy power conversion device, good oxygen humus jar is close to the bottom position and has seted up the excrement discharge mouth, good oxygen humus jar is connected with the heat energy converter, a electrolysis trough is connected to good oxygen humus tank bottom, solar energy power conversion device is connected with the electrolysis trough, good oxygen humus jar communicates with the electrolysis trough and locates to install the support layer at the intercommunication.
Preferably, the thermal energy converter adopts an air energy heat pump and/or a vacuum tube solar water heater.
The invention also aims to provide a manure aerobic humification system, which adopts two livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification devices to alternately operate.
The invention also aims to provide a livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method, which comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the livestock and poultry manure in an aerobic humus device for high-temperature aerobic composting, and then decomposing to obtain the humus fertilizer.
The humic fertilizer obtained by the method has the advantages of organic matter content of more than 45%, water content of less than 30%, pH value of 5.5-8.5, germination index of seeds of more than 80%, and complete decomposition.
Preferably, the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is used for supplying power to the inside of the electrolytic cell, and controlling the dissolved oxygen of the water layer to be 1-2mg/L and the dissolved oxygen of the excrement layer to be 2-4 mg/L.
Preferably, the high-temperature aerobic composting comprises a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a harmless stage, wherein the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 45-50 ℃ in the heating stage, 50-60 ℃ in the high-temperature stage and 60-70 ℃ in the harmless stage.
Preferably, the heating-stage composting time is 10-12h, the high-temperature-stage composting time is 48h, and the harmless-stage composting time is 1-3 h.
Preferably, the decomposition time is 72h, and the aerobic humification tank is closed when the decomposition is completed.
Preferably, the water content of the livestock and poultry manure is about 45%, and the humidity is controlled within the range of 45-55%.
Preferably, the electrolytic water in the electrolytic tank is taken out and stored before the former livestock and poultry manure is placed in the livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device and enters the harmless stage, and the bacterial liquid is inoculated after the latter device runs for 48 hours, so that the inoculation is performed circularly.
The electrolyzed water is high-temperature aerobic bacterial liquid, the inoculated bacterial liquid provided by the invention can efficiently degrade organic matters such as crude protein, crude fat, residual starch, urea and the like in the livestock and poultry manure, and particularly, the composting speed of the livestock and poultry manure can be effectively accelerated by matching with the zero-energy-consumption high-temperature aerobic composting method. In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the invention utilizes the livestock and poultry manure to carry out high-temperature aerobic composting, not only solves the problem of manure treatment, but also can obtain the organic fertilizer suitable for agricultural field production, fruit tree planting and landscaping, and has good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit for reducing farmland environment pollution caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizer, increasing soil fertility, improving the quality of agricultural products and increasing agricultural income.
(2) Compared with the microbial community natural succession process in the traditional low-temperature aerobic composting process, the method for carrying out high-temperature aerobic biological humification in the aerobic humification device can provide proper environmental temperature for high-temperature aerobic microorganisms of the compost, remarkably accelerate the growth speed of the microorganisms and the capability of degrading or converting organic matters, accelerate the composting reaction speed, shorten the humification time of the excrement to 4 days, greatly save the composting cost and remarkably improve the sanitary environment.
(3) Compared with aerobic fermentation, the traditional high-temperature anaerobic fermentation technology for the excrement takes longer time, the odor generation amount in the fermentation process is large, and potential safety hazards exist in the generated methane. The technology needs professional operators, is suitable for large-scale breeding enterprises, and has low applicability to a large number of rural small-sized breeding specialized households and free-ranging households in the famous region. The humification technology of the high-temperature aerobic organisms provided by the invention is odorless, tasteless, free of potential safety hazard, simple in equipment operation, low in cost and applicable to both large and small farmers.
(4) The traditional high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology for the excrement has the defects of large air supply rate, large moisture and heat loss, mechanical stirring, complex equipment, difficult control of the relation between the appropriate moisture and the air supply rate for general farmers, and the excrement water film can obstruct the oxygen mass transfer process of an air supply system to generate short flow. In the process of humification of high-temperature aerobic organisms in the aerobic humification device, ventilation and stirring are not needed, water can be controlled, the operation difficulty is greatly reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved.
(5) In the process of humification of high-temperature aerobic organisms in the aerobic humification device, a bacteria liquid inoculation (high-temperature aerobic bacteria liquid) technology is adopted, and the bacteria liquid can efficiently degrade organic matters such as crude protein, crude fat, residual starch, urea and the like in the livestock and poultry manure, so that the degradation or conversion speed of the organic matters in composting raw materials can be greatly accelerated, the composting process is promoted, and the composting efficiency is improved.
(6) The invention constructs a novel technology for safely treating livestock and poultry breeding manure, humification and fertilizing based on a high-temperature aerobic composting technology, a mature solar energy and air energy heat pump technology and a solar energy electrolyzed water oxygen supply technology, and has the advantages of lower investment cost, safer operation and easier maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of example 2.
Reference numerals: 1. an aerobic humification tank; 2. a manure discharge port; 3. an electrolytic cell; 4. a support layer; 5. a thermal energy converter; 6. provided is a solar energy and electric energy conversion device.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The detection method comprises the following steps: and (3) detecting a control key index of 'discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding' in Guangdong province.
Harmless environmental standard of livestock and poultry breeding industry waste residues
| Control item | Index (I) |
| Roundworm ovum | The death rate is more than or equal to 95 percent |
| Fecal coliform population | ≤104Per kg |
Pollutant project analysis method
Example 1: the utility model provides a beasts and birds are bred excrement and oxygen humus device, characterized by: including good oxygen humus jar 1, heat energy converter 5, solar energy electric energy conversion device 6, good oxygen humus jar 1 is close to the bottom position and has seted up row excrement mouth 2, good oxygen humus jar 1 is connected with heat energy converter 5, an electrolytic bath 3 is connected to good oxygen humus jar 1 bottom, solar energy electric energy conversion device 6 is connected with electrolytic bath 3, good oxygen humus jar 1 communicates with electrolytic bath 3 and locates to install bearing layer 4 in the intercommunication, and bearing layer 4 generally is the steel mesh.
Example 2: the method for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure comprises the following specific steps:
(1) directly discharging the feces generated by livestock and poultry cultivation into an aerobic humification device (device 1) of the feces aerobic humification system, controlling the water content to be 45% and the humidity to be 50%. Starting a heat energy converter to heat and an electrolytic cell to electrolyze and supply oxygen, so that the temperature of the device 1 is raised to 45 ℃ and composting is carried out for 12 hours; then controlling the temperature at 55 ℃ and composting for 48 hours; taking out the high-temperature aerobic bacteria liquid in the electrolytic cell for preservation before carrying out innoxiousness.
(2) After the step (1) is finished, adding the manure into another livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device (device 2), simultaneously directly heating the device 2 to the temperature of the high-temperature stage, and inoculating bacterial liquid to perform a high-temperature aerobic fermentation stage after the temperature reaches 60 ℃.
(3) After the high-temperature stage, the bacteria liquid at the bottom of the device 2 is taken out and stored, and then a harmless stage is carried out, wherein the temperature is controlled at 70 ℃ and composting is carried out for 3 hours. When the process is finished, the organic matter content is 51%, the water content is lower than 28%, the pH value is 6.5, the germination index of the material seeds is 85%, and the material seeds are completely decomposed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a beasts and birds are bred excrement and oxygen humus device, characterized by: including good oxygen humus jar, heat energy converter, solar energy power conversion device, good oxygen humus jar is close to the bottom position and has seted up the excrement discharge mouth, good oxygen humus jar is connected with the heat energy converter, a electrolysis trough is connected to good oxygen humus tank bottom, solar energy power conversion device is connected with the electrolysis trough, good oxygen humus jar communicates with the electrolysis trough and locates to install the support layer at the intercommunication.
2. The utility model provides a beasts and birds are bred excrement and oxygen humus device, characterized by: the heat energy converter adopts an air energy heat pump and/or a vacuum tube solar water heater.
3. A fecal sewage aerobic humification system is characterized in that: the manure aerobic humification system adopts two manure aerobic humification devices for livestock and poultry cultivation to alternately operate.
4. A livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) placing the livestock and poultry manure in an aerobic humus device for high-temperature aerobic composting, and then decomposing to obtain the humus fertilizer.
5. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is used for supplying power to the inside of the electrolytic cell, and controlling the dissolved oxygen of the water layer to be 1-2mg/L and the dissolved oxygen of the excrement layer to be 2-4 mg/L.
6. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the high-temperature aerobic composting comprises a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a harmless stage, wherein the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 45-50 ℃ in the heating stage, the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 50-60 ℃ in the high-temperature stage, and the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 60-70 ℃ in the harmless stage.
7. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the composting time in the heating stage is 10-12h, the composting time in the high-temperature stage is 48h, and the composting time in the harmless stage is 1-3 h.
8. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the decomposition time is 72h, and the aerobic humification tank is closed when the container is decomposed.
9. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the water content of the livestock and poultry manure is about 45%, and the humidity is controlled within the range of 45-55%.
10. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: and (3) taking out and storing the electrolyzed water in the electrolytic tank before the former livestock and poultry manure is placed in the livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device and enters a harmless stage, and inoculating the bacterial liquid after the latter device runs for 48 hours so as to perform circular inoculation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010567050.3A CN111662138A (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Method and device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure |
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| CN202010567050.3A CN111662138A (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Method and device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure |
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2020
- 2020-06-19 CN CN202010567050.3A patent/CN111662138A/en active Pending
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