CN111660482B - Polystyrene insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polystyrene insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111660482B CN111660482B CN202010541098.7A CN202010541098A CN111660482B CN 111660482 B CN111660482 B CN 111660482B CN 202010541098 A CN202010541098 A CN 202010541098A CN 111660482 B CN111660482 B CN 111660482B
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- polystyrene
- particles
- foaming
- particle size
- insulation board
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- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
- B29K2025/06—PS, i.e. polystyrene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Abstract
The invention relates to a polystyrene insulation board and a preparation method thereof.A specific gradation is formed on foamed particles by adopting the raw material polystyrene particle proportion in different particle size ranges and combining a production process, so that the engagement force between the particles is increased, and the strength of a board is increased; in addition, gaps among the particles are increased, and more fireproof materials can be absorbed; the technical parameters of the insulation board such as tensile strength, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, volume water absorption, softening coefficient and the like are correspondingly greatly improved, and the marketization application of the product is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building heat preservation, in particular to a polystyrene heat preservation plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polystyrene heat-insulating board is divided into a molded polystyrene board (EPS board) and an extruded polystyrene board (XPS board) based on the difference of production processes, wherein the EPS board is a white solid with a micro closed pore structure formed by heating expandable polystyrene particles containing a volatile liquid foaming agent in a mold after heating and pre-foaming. The existing EPS boards have been significantly improved in fire-proof performance, but there are some problems such as: the performances of the insulation board such as fire resistance, drying shrinkage, strength and the like and the maturity are not balanced, and small-particle foam can absorb more fire-proof materials, but the board has overlarge volume weight and high heat conductivity coefficient; the large-particle foam has too low volume weight and poor flexural strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a polystyrene insulation board.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a polystyrene insulation board comprises polystyrene foaming particles and fireproof materials filled among the particles; the polystyrene foaming particles are formed by grading foaming particles with different particle size ranges; the particle size range of the foaming particles is as follows:
0.5-1.4mm 10～30％；1.5-2.4mm 20～30％；2.5-3.4mm25～40％；3.5-4.4mm10～30％。
or the polystyrene heat-insulation board comprises polystyrene foaming particles and fireproof materials filled among the particles; the polystyrene foaming particles are formed by foaming polystyrene particles; the polystyrene particles consist of first polystyrene particles and second polystyrene particles;
the particle size range of the first polystyrene particles is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm; the second polystyrene particle size range is greater than the first polystyrene particle size range.
The second polystyrene particle size range is larger than the first polystyrene particle size range, namely, the upper limit of the second polystyrene particle size is larger than the upper limit of the first polystyrene particle size; the lower limit of the particle size of the second polystyrene particles is larger than that of the first polystyrene particles, and the particle size ranges of the second polystyrene particles and the first polystyrene particles may partially overlap. The second polystyrene particle may have a particle size of 0.4 to 0.6mm, 0.5 to 0.9mm, or the like, in accordance with the general particle size range of commercially available polystyrene particles.
Further, the mass ratio of the first polystyrene particles to the second polystyrene particles is 1-4: 1 to 9.
Further, the surface of the polystyrene foaming particle is wrapped with dye. The dye may be a graphite or siliceous pigment.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the polystyrene insulation board, which comprises the following steps:
adding the raw material composition into a foaming machine for foaming; the raw material composition comprises a polystyrene particle raw material and a foaming agent, wherein the polystyrene particle raw material consists of first polystyrene particles and second polystyrene particles;
the particle size range of the first polystyrene particles is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm; the second polystyrene particle size range is greater than the first polystyrene particle size range.
The second polystyrene particle size range being larger than the first polystyrene particle size range means that the upper limit of the second polystyrene particle size range is larger than the upper limit of the first polystyrene particle size range; the lower limit of the particle size of the second polystyrene particles is larger than that of the first polystyrene particles, and the particle size ranges of the second polystyrene particles and the first polystyrene particles may partially overlap. The second polystyrene particle may have a particle size of 0.4 to 0.6mm, 0.5 to 0.9mm, or the like, in accordance with the general particle size range of commercially available polystyrene particles.
Further, the mass ratio of the first polystyrene particles to the second polystyrene particles is 1-4: 1 to 9.
Further, the method further comprises: uniformly stirring the raw material composition, adding the raw material composition into a foaming machine for foaming, wherein the steam pressure of a cylinder body is 3-4Pa during foaming; the foaming temperature is 100-110 ℃; the foaming is stopped when the particles are foamed to about 10 kg-22 kg per cubic meter.
Further, curing the foamed particles, determining curing time according to air temperature, and curing for 6-8h at 20-40 ℃ or for 24-48h at 3-18 ℃. The temperature can rise once more in the plate beating process, leads to not foaming complete granule to foam once more, makes the panel unit weight go wrong, and absorbs the thick liquids not enough, can ensure through the maintenance that the granule that has foamed is more stable, full.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps of sucking the foamed particles into a mould after maintenance to form a template: the steam pressure is 4.5-6.5Pa when the foaming particle is formed into the board. The board beating pressure is too low, so that the board is loose, and the board can be directly scattered to a certain degree, so that the board cannot be formed; the higher the striking plate pressure, the less the particles are sucked, and accordingly the plate bulk weight is low.
Further, the foaming agent is a surfactant; the amount added is determined according to the amount of polystyrene particles to be foamed.
Further, the raw material composition also comprises a dye. The dye may be a graphite or siliceous dye. In the prior art, a finished product is colored by using dye after the board beating and forming to obtain a color board with uniform color.
Even though the polystyrene particles are of a single type based on a commercially available raw material, the particle size of the polystyrene particles cannot be fixed but can float within a range, and the particle size of the expanded particles can also float within a range based on the influence of the process and the properties of the particles (for example, the expansion degree and the ratio of large and small particles are different). The overall particle size range, particle size distribution, the pouring manner of the fire-retardant slurry, etc. of the foamed particles all affect the final fire-retardant effect. According to the application, the fireproof material is filled in a negative pressure permeation mode shown in CN104018588A, the foaming particles are formed into a board, and then the fireproof material is filled through a negative pressure permeation method, so that the fireproof material can be uniformly loaded. The invention tests a finished fireproof plate prepared by foaming particles formed by different types of commercially available particles under the conditions of single proportion, different proportion ranges and different foaming processes, and experiments show that the volume weight is too low and is difficult to reach the application standard if the whole foaming particles are too large, the softening coefficient is too low and the drying shrinkage rate is too large if the whole particle size of the foaming particles is too small or too many small particles are generated, and finally the specific gradation and process for obtaining the heat-insulating plate with higher strength and low drying shrinkage rate are determined. In addition, the method can be used for manufacturing smaller foaming particles, the whole particle size range of the product is enlarged, more reasonable and scientific gradation of the whole particle size range and particle size distribution is formed, and the engaging force between the particles of the obtained heat-insulation board is increased, so that the strength of the board is increased; and gaps among the particles are increased, so that more fireproof materials can be absorbed.
Tests show that the volume weight of the polystyrene insulation board can reach 100kg/m 3 The quality requirement of the heat-insulating plate in practical application is met, on the basis, the heat value MJ/kg is not more than 3.0, the heat conductivity coefficient can reach 0.050W/(m & ltK) to 0.065W/(m & ltK) in terms of material performance, and the bending strength is correspondingly improved to 0.15MPa to 0.25 MPa; and various technical parameters such as tensile strength, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, volume water absorption and softening coefficient are correspondingly greatly improved, and the marketization application of the product is ensured.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The first polystyrene particles in this example had a particle size range of 0.3-0.5 mm; the second polystyrene particles have a particle size in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 mm.
The first polystyrene particles and the second polystyrene particles were mixed in a ratio of 4: 1, adding a stirrer for stirring, adding 10-100 g of surfactant (foaming agent) and uniformly stirring (generally stirring for 5-15 minutes).
Pouring the uniformly stirred particles into a large container prepared in advance, and waiting until the vapor pressure of a foaming machine reaches 7-8Pa (the temperature is 160-170 ℃).
Preheating the interior of a foaming machine tank to 90 ℃, putting particles to be used in a container for foaming, controlling the steam pressure of a cylinder body to be 3-4Pa during foaming, and adjusting the pressure according to the weight of each cubic meter of plate; the foaming temperature is 100-110 ℃, the foaming of the particles is stopped when the particles are foamed to about 10-22 kg per cubic meter, and the heating for 37-42 s can ensure that the volume weight is in a required range.
And conveying the foamed particles into an oxidation bin for curing, determining curing time according to air temperature, and curing for 6-8h at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ or for 24-48h at the temperature of 3-18 ℃.
Sucking the cured foaming particles into a beating plate forming machine, and beating and forming under the steam pressure of 4.5-6.5 Pa.
And (5) airing the formed plate in a shade place (for 5-18 days) to finish the preparation of the foaming particles.
Examples 2 to 6
Examples 2 to 6 were carried out to adjust the ratio of polystyrene particles, and the first polystyrene particles and the second polystyrene particles were prepared in the following manner, respectively, 3: 2. 2: 3. 1: 4. 1: 9. 9: 1, adding the mixture into a stirrer for stirring.
Examples 7 to 9
Examples 7 to 9 were carried out to adjust the ratio of polystyrene particles and the particle size range of the second polystyrene particles, and the specific examples are shown in Table 1.
Example 10
In the embodiment, 500-5000 mL of dye and surfactant are added into the polystyrene particle raw material and then are uniformly stirred for subsequent foaming. The dye can be graphite or siliceous.
Example 11
The particle size of the heat-insulating board of the embodiment 1-9 is measured by the embodiment, except that the small-particle-size foamed particles of the embodiment 6 are more, the whole grading basically conforms to the following range:
0.5-1.4mm 10～30％；1.5-2.4mm 20～30％；2.5-3.4mm 25～40％；3.5-4.4mm 10～30％。
example 12
And (3) carrying out performance detection on the insulation boards prepared in the embodiments 1-9. In examples 1 to 10, the filling of the fire-retardant material was performed by the negative pressure infiltration method described in CN104018588A, and the fire-retardant material was the material disclosed in CN 104016654A.
The comparison groups 1-2 are the performance parameters of the conventional heat-insulation board. The comparison groups 3-4 are insulation boards prepared by adopting single-specification (particle size range) raw materials based on the method.
The fireproof performance of the heat-insulation board in the embodiment 1-9 can reach A2 level by detecting the fireproof performance according to GB8624-2012 'fire performance grading of building materials and products'. Other specific performance parameters for the control groups 1-4 and examples 1-9 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 thermal insulation board Performance parameters
The experimental data of the finished polystyrene insulation board prepared from different graded particles in table 1 show that:
1. the particle size of the particles is larger, the volume weight is lower, and the volume weight of the finished product insulation board can be effectively controlled by the grading of different fine particles;
2. the fireproof performance (combustion heat value) of the finished product insulation boards matched at different levels is changed by volume weight as follows: the heavier the volume weight of the finished product insulation board, the lower the heat value, but the higher the heat conductivity coefficient of the finished product insulation board;
3. the closer the grain sizes of different grain compositions are, the lower the occlusion force among the grains is, and the lower the tensile strength, the flexural strength and the compressive strength are;
4. the water absorption rate of the material is changed due to the change of the same particle size distribution;
5. the softening coefficient is low in the case of small-sized expanded particles.
Claims (7)
1. A polystyrene insulation board comprises polystyrene foam particles and a fireproof material filled among the particles, wherein the insulation board is prepared by forming the polystyrene foam particles and infiltrating the fireproof material through a negative pressure infiltration method; the polystyrene foam particles are prepared by grading foam particles with different particle size ranges; the particle size range of the foaming particles is as follows:
0.5-1.4mm 10～30％；1.5-2.4mm 20～30％；2.5-3.4mm 25～40％；3.5-4.4mm10～30％。
2. the preparation method of the polystyrene insulation board of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding the raw material composition into a foaming machine for foaming; the raw material composition comprises a polystyrene particle raw material and a foaming agent, wherein the polystyrene particle raw material consists of first polystyrene particles and second polystyrene particles;
the particle size range of the first polystyrene particles is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm; the second polystyrene particle size range is greater than the first polystyrene particle size range.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the first polystyrene particles to the second polystyrene particles is 1-4: 1 to 9.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the raw material composition is added into a foaming machine for foaming after being uniformly stirred, and the steam pressure of a cylinder during foaming is 3-4 Pa; the foaming temperature is 100-110 ℃; the foaming is stopped when the particles are foamed to 10 kg-22 kg per cubic meter.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the curing of the foamed pellets is carried out for 6 to 8 hours at 20 to 40 ℃ or 24 to 48 hours at 3 to 18 ℃ depending on the temperature of the air.
6. The method according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the foamed particles are cured and sucked into a mold to be molded into a plate: the steam pressure is 4.5-6.5Pa when the foaming particle is formed into the board.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the stock composition further comprises a dye.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010541098.7A CN111660482B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Polystyrene insulation board and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010541098.7A CN111660482B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Polystyrene insulation board and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111660482A CN111660482A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
| CN111660482B true CN111660482B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
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| CN111660482A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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