CN107285669B - Preparation method of low-water-absorption aerated concrete block - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-water-absorption aerated concrete block Download PDFInfo
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- CN107285669B CN107285669B CN201710375517.2A CN201710375517A CN107285669B CN 107285669 B CN107285669 B CN 107285669B CN 201710375517 A CN201710375517 A CN 201710375517A CN 107285669 B CN107285669 B CN 107285669B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
- C04B20/1022—Non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Abstract
the invention relates to the field of building materials, and provides a preparation method of a low-water-absorption aerated concrete block, aiming at overcoming the defects that the water-resistant permeability, the water-resistant property and the freezing resistance of the block are low, the mechanical strength of the block is low and the like. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the building block can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-water-absorption aerated concrete block.
background
the aerated concrete block is prepared by taking siliceous materials (sand) and calcareous materials (cement and lime) as main materials, adding a proper amount of regulator and foaming agent, pouring and foaming by mixing and stirring, standing a blank, cutting, steaming at high temperature and high pressure and the like. Therefore, the aerated concrete block has countless tiny, independent and uniformly distributed pore structures, can form multiple functions of light weight, high strength, durability, heat preservation, sound insulation, shock resistance, machinability and the like, and is an energy-saving environment-friendly novel wall material with excellent performance.
The aerated concrete block is widely applied to wall materials of building engineering as a novel material, and plays a significant role in building walls at present. The aerated concrete blocks produced by the prior art have high porosity and high water absorption rate; the water-resistant permeability, water resistance and frost resistance of the building block are low; the mechanical strength of the building block is low, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the water permeability resistance of the building block is low, the water resistance is low, the freezing resistance is poor, the mechanical strength of the building block is low and the like, the invention provides the low-water-absorption aerated concrete building block and the preparation method thereof, so that the water permeability resistance, the water resistance and the freezing resistance of the aerated concrete building block are improved, the water absorption of the aerated concrete building block is reduced, the aerated concrete building block has excellent water resistance, and the aerated concrete building block is not easy to damp. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the building block can be improved to a certain extent.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a low-water-absorption aerated concrete block comprises the following steps:
(1) Crystal waste powder surface hydrophobic coating modification treatment: drying the crystal waste powder, then dispersing and stirring for 2-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 600-;
Preferably, the water content of the dried crystal waste powder is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the crystal waste powder is sieved by a sieve of 150-200 meshes.
Preferably, the crystal waste powder accounts for 60-70 parts by weight, and the hydrophobic coating modification additive accounts for 1.5-3.0 parts by weight. The hydrophobic coating modification additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12.5-50 parts of silane coupling agent, 12.5-50 parts of calcium stearate, 0-12.5 parts of stearic acid, 0-25 parts of zinc stearate and 0-12.5 parts of paraffin.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent is: preparing KH550 into a solution of alcohol and water, wherein the mass ratio of the KH550 coupling agent to the alcohol to the water is 20:72: 8.
preferably, the paraffin wax 58# paraffin wax is used.
According to the invention, as the silane coupling agent, calcium stearate, stearic acid and other raw materials are added to carry out hydrophobic coating modification treatment on the surface of the crystal waste powder, the water permeability resistance and water resistance of the aerated concrete block are greatly improved, the water absorption of the aerated concrete block can be greatly reduced, and the aerated concrete block has excellent water resistance and is not easy to damp. And secondly, the silane coupling agent is adopted for coupling modification treatment, so that the binding power among the raw materials is greatly enhanced, and the strength of the building block is improved.
(2) Crushing quicklime and sieving the crushed quicklime by a sieve of 150-200 meshes;
(3) Preparing slurry and pouring: respectively weighing cement, gypsum, a solvent, the hydrophobic crystal waste powder prepared in the step (1) and the quicklime prepared in the step (2), and adding the solvent according to solid content to prepare slurry to obtain dry material slurry; mixing the dry material slurry with a gas former, stirring the slurry for 2-5 minutes, and pouring the mixed slurry into a mold at 35-45 ℃ to obtain a blank;
preferably, the dry material slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of gypsum, 60-70 parts of hydrophobic crystal waste powder prepared in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of quicklime prepared in the step (2).
Preferably, the solvent is selected from one of water and aqueous resin solution, and the solid content in the dry material slurry is 0.45-0.55.
preferably, the aqueous resin solution is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: the aqueous resin solution is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of water-based resin, 15-60 parts of water, 0.2-2.0 parts of functional filler or auxiliary agent and 1-5 parts of catalyst, wherein the water-based resin is selected from one or more of water-based epoxy resin, water-based acrylic resin, water-based organic silicon emulsion, water-based polyester resin, water-based styrene-acrylic resin and the like; the functional filler or the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of nano silicon dioxide, nano calcium carbonate, nano titanium dioxide, silicon micropowder, graphite powder, antistatic agent and the like; the catalyst can be one or more selected from polyisocyanates, aziridines, polycarbodiimides and waterborne amino resins.
The water-based resin can further improve the mechanical property of the dry slurry, remarkably improve the compressive strength, further strengthen the hydrophobic property of the building block, and improve the antistatic effect to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the addition of the water-based resin can further improve the mechanical property of the dry slurry, and the compressive strength of the building block is also obviously improved.
Preferably, the pretreatment is carried out after obtaining the dry material slurry: the dry slurry is kept stand for 2 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 35 and 45 ℃ and under the pressure of between 0.3 and 0.55 MPa. Through pretreatment, molecules among all components in the dry slurry fully move, all the components are fully dispersed, and the hydrophobic property can be further enhanced.
preferably, the gas generating agent comprises 0.04-0.1% of the total weight of the dry material in the dry material slurry. The gas former is selected from aluminum powder
(4) Standing the blank in the step (3) for 1.5-2.5 hours, and demolding and cutting the blank when the cutting strength of the blank is 0.2-0.3 MPa;
(5) Steaming: and (3) steaming the blank obtained in the step (4) for 6-8 hours under the conditions that the pressure is 1.0-1.3MPa and the temperature is 180-210 ℃, and then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure to obtain the low-water-absorption aerated concrete block.
preferably, the blank obtained in the steam curing step (4) passes through a conveying and rolling device after 3-4 hours, and then is steamed and cured for 3-4 hours, wherein the roller of the conveying and rolling device is a self-weight roller and is arranged on the upper side of a conveying belt, and a plurality of weight balls capable of rolling freely are arranged inside the roller.
more preferably, the transmission device is a sliding groove device with a transmission belt at the bottom, a transmission wheel is arranged at the bottom of the transmission belt, the width of the sliding groove is slightly larger than that of the roller, the height of the sliding groove is slightly higher than that of the blank, and front and rear baffles of the roller are arranged at the upper part of the sliding groove.
The purpose of steam curing is to make the gas former fully act, form many small bubbles and keep in the concrete. The small bubbles distributed in a large amount are rolled to the highest position along with the roller through the transmission rolling device, are smashed under the action of self gravity, and are randomly smashed through the weight balls, so that the bubbles in the aerated concrete block are distributed more uniformly, meanwhile, the closed air holes in the inner part and the surface of the aerated concrete block can be increased, an independent spherical structure is formed, and the water-resistant permeability and the mechanical property of the surface of the block are improved. Through the observation of the section of the block, the comparison of the section and the surface of the two types of blocks with 100 multiplied by 100mm size and with the transmission rolling and without the transmission rolling, the air hole sealing rate of the inner part and the surface of the aerated concrete block with the transmission rolling is found to be about 10 to 15 percent higher than that of the aerated concrete block without the transmission rolling treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention improves the water penetration resistance, the water resistance and the frost resistance of the aerated concrete block, reduces the water absorption of the aerated concrete block, and ensures that the aerated concrete block has excellent water resistance and is not easy to be affected with damp;
(2) The mechanical property and the mechanical strength of the building block are improved.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conveying and rolling apparatus according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the conveying and rolling device of the present invention,
Wherein, 1: dead weight roller, 2: weight ball, 3: baffle, 4: chute, 5: green body, 6: a transmission belt 7 is a transmission wheel.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, in which the starting materials are either commercially available or prepared by conventional methods.
Example 1
(1) 1KgKH550, 3.6Kg absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.4Kg water are stirred uniformly to prepare a silane coupling agent solution.
Drying the crystal waste powder to control the water content within 10%, then sieving the crystal waste powder by a 150-mesh sieve, weighing 65Kg of sieved crystal waste powder, putting the weighed crystal waste powder into a high-speed kneader, dispersing and stirring the weighed crystal waste powder for 3 minutes at the rotating speed of 900r/min, sequentially adding 5Kg of the prepared KH550 silane coupling agent solution with the mass concentration of 20% and 1Kg of calcium stearate, raising the temperature of the material to 130 ℃, dispersing and stirring the material for 20 minutes at the speed of 1000 r/min to perform powder surface hydrophobic coating modification treatment, and cooling the material to room temperature to obtain hydrophobic crystal waste powder with excellent hydrophobic property;
(2) crushing quicklime: crushing quicklime and sieving the crushed quicklime with a 150-mesh sieve;
(3) Preparing slurry and pouring: respectively weighing corresponding 8Kg of cement, 2Kg of gypsum, 65Kg of hydrophobic crystal waste powder subjected to hydrophobic coating modification treatment and 25Kg of crushed and sieved quicklime, and adding water according to 50% of solid content to prepare slurry to obtain dry material slurry; mixing the dry material slurry with 0.06Kg of aluminum powder serving as a gas former, and stirring the slurry for 5 minutes: pouring the mixed slurry into a mold at 40 ℃ to obtain a blank;
(4) Standing and cutting the blank: standing the blank for 2 hours at 40 ℃, and demolding and cutting the blank when the cutting strength of the blank is 0.3 MPa;
(5) Steaming: and (4) steam curing the blank obtained in the step (4) for 7 hours under the conditions that the pressure is 1.3MPa and the temperature is 200 ℃, and then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure to obtain the low-water-absorption aerated concrete block.
example 2
(1) 0.5KgKH550, 1.8Kg absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.2 liter water are stirred uniformly to prepare the aqueous solution of the silane coupling agent alcohol with the mass concentration of 20 percent.
drying the crystal waste powder to control the water content within 10%, then sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, weighing 70Kg of sieved crystal waste powder, putting into a high-speed kneader, dispersing and stirring for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 1200r/min, sequentially adding 2.5Kg of the prepared KH550 solution with the mass concentration of 20%, 1Kg of calcium stearate, 0.5Kg of stearic acid and 0.5Kg of No. 58 paraffin, raising the temperature of the material to 120 ℃, dispersing and stirring for 15 minutes at the speed of 1200r/min to perform powder surface hydrophobic coating modification treatment, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the crystal waste powder with excellent hydrophobic property.
(2) Crushing quicklime: crushing quicklime and sieving the crushed quicklime by a 200-mesh sieve;
(3) 80 parts of water-based polyester resin, 60 parts of water, 2 parts of silicon micropowder and 5 parts of polyisocyanate are mixed by weight to prepare an aqueous resin solution.
10Kg of cement, 5Kg of gypsum, 70Kg of hydrophobic crystal waste powder subjected to hydrophobic coating modification treatment and 15Kg of crushed and sieved quicklime are added with aqueous resin solution according to the solid content of 45% for pulping to obtain dry material slurry; the dry slurry was then allowed to stand at 45 ℃ under 0.4MPa for 3 hours. Then mixing the dry material slurry with 0.1Kg of aluminum powder serving as a gas former, and stirring the slurry for 3 minutes: pouring the mixed slurry into a mold at 45 ℃ to obtain a blank;
(4) standing and cutting the blank: standing the blank for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃, and demolding and cutting the blank when the cutting strength of the blank is 0.2 MPa;
(5) Steaming: steam curing the green body obtained in the step (4) for 4 hours under the conditions of the pressure of 1.1MPa and the temperature of 210 ℃, then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure, and then passing through a transmission rolling device, as shown in figures 1 and 2, distributing a self-weight roller 1 on the upper side of the transmission rolling device, arranging 3 weight balls 2 of 10Kg which can freely roll in the self-weight roller 1, wherein the transmission device is a chute 4 with a transmission belt 6 of a transmission wheel 7 at the bottom, the width of the chute 4 is slightly larger than that of the roller, the height of the chute 4 is slightly higher than that of the green body 5, the upper part of the chute 4 is provided with a front baffle and a rear baffle of the roller 1, steam curing is carried out for 4 hours under the conditions of the pressure of 1.1MPa and the temperature of 210 ℃, and then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure, thus obtaining the aerated concrete block.
example 3
(1) 0.5KgKH550, 1.8Kg absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.2Kg water are stirred uniformly to prepare the solution of silane coupling agent alcohol and aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 20%.
Drying the crystal waste powder to control the water content within 10 percent, then sieving the crystal waste powder by a 180-mesh sieve, weighing 60Kg of the sieved crystal waste powder, putting the weighed crystal waste powder into a high-speed kneader, dispersing and stirring the weighed crystal waste powder for 4 minutes at the rotating speed of 600r/min, and sequentially adding 2.5Kg of the prepared KH550 silane coupling agent solution with the mass concentration of 20 percent, 1Kg of calcium stearate, 0.5Kg of stearic acid, 0.5Kg of zinc stearate and 0.5Kg of 58# paraffin. Heating the material to 120 ℃, dispersing and stirring for 18 minutes at 1000 r/min to perform powder surface hydrophobic coating modification treatment, and cooling to room temperature to obtain hydrophobic crystal waste powder with excellent hydrophobic property;
(2) Crushing quicklime: crushing quicklime and sieving the crushed quicklime with a 180-mesh sieve;
(3) 50 parts of water-based organic silicon emulsion, 30 parts of water, 1 part of nano silicon dioxide and 2 parts of water-based amino resin are mixed by weight to prepare a water-based resin solution.
Respectively weighing corresponding 5Kg of cement, 5Kg of gypsum, 60Kg of hydrophobic crystal waste powder subjected to hydrophobic coating modification treatment and 10Kg of crushed and sieved quicklime, and adding the prepared aqueous resin solution according to the solid content of 55% for pulping to obtain dry material slurry; the dry slurry was then allowed to stand at 35 ℃ under 0.5MPa for 4 hours. Then mixing the dry material slurry with 0.04Kg of gas forming agent aluminum powder, stirring the slurry for 2 minutes, and pouring the mixed slurry into a mold at 35 ℃ to obtain a blank;
(4) standing and cutting the blank: standing the blank for 2.5 hours at 35 ℃, and demolding and cutting the blank when the cutting strength of the blank is 0.2 MPa;
(5) Steaming: and (3) steam-curing the green body obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at the pressure of 1MPa and the temperature of 180 ℃, then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure, and then passing through a transmission rolling device, as shown in figures 1 and 2, distributing self-weight rollers 1 on the upper side of the transmission rolling device, arranging 5 weight balls 2 which can freely roll in the self-weight rollers 1, wherein the transmission device is a chute 4 with a transmission belt 6 of a transmission wheel 7 at the bottom, the width of the chute 4 is slightly larger than that of the rollers, the height of the chute 4 is slightly higher than that of the green body 5, arranging front and rear baffles of the rollers 1 on the upper part of the chute 4, steam-curing the green body obtained in the step (4) for 3 hours at the pressure of 1MPa and the temperature of 180 ℃, and then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure to obtain the aerated concrete block with low water absorption rate.
The aerated concrete blocks prepared in examples 1 to 3 were cut into cubes of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm for performance testing: the compressive strength is more than 5.83MPa, the drying shrinkage value is less than 0.45mm/m, the freezing resistance strength loss is less than 16%, and the water absorption of the building block is reduced by more than 30%.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the low-water-absorption aerated concrete block is characterized in that the low-water-absorption aerated concrete block is prepared by the following steps:
(1) crystal waste powder surface hydrophobic coating modification treatment: drying the crystal waste powder, then dispersing and stirring for 2-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 600-;
The hydrophobic coating modified additive consists of the following components in parts by weight: 12.5-50 parts of silane coupling agent, 12.5-50 parts of calcium stearate, 0-12.5 parts of stearic acid and 0-25 parts of zinc stearate;
(2) Crushing quicklime and sieving the crushed quicklime by a sieve of 150-200 meshes;
(3) preparing slurry and pouring: respectively weighing cement, gypsum, a solvent, the hydrophobic crystal waste powder prepared in the step (1) and the quicklime prepared in the step (2), and adding the solvent according to solid content to prepare slurry to obtain dry material slurry; mixing the dry material slurry with a gas former, stirring the slurry for 2-5 minutes, and pouring the mixed slurry into a mold at 35-45 ℃ to obtain a blank;
The solvent is selected from aqueous resin solution, wherein the aqueous resin solution is formed by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of water-based resin, 15-60 parts of water, 0.2-2.0 parts of functional filler or auxiliary agent and 1-5 parts of catalyst, wherein the water-based resin is selected from one or more of water-based epoxy resin, water-based acrylic resin, water-based organic silicon emulsion, water-based polyester resin and water-based styrene-acrylic resin;
(4) standing the blank in the step (3) for 1.5-2.5 hours, and demolding and cutting the blank when the cutting strength of the blank is 0.2-0.3 MPa;
(5) steaming: and (3) under the conditions that the pressure is 1-1.3MPa and the temperature is 180-210 ℃, steaming the blank obtained in the step (4) for 3-4 hours, then passing through a transmission rolling device, then steaming for 3-4 hours, and then reducing the pressure to the standard atmospheric pressure to obtain the low-water-absorption aerated concrete block.
2. the preparation method of the aerated concrete block with low water absorption as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the dried crystal waste powder is less than or equal to 10%, and the crystal waste powder is sieved by a sieve of 150-200 meshes.
3. The method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight part of the crystal waste powder in the step (1) is 60-70 parts, and the weight part of the hydrophobic coating modification additive is 1.5-3.0 parts.
4. the preparation method of the aerated concrete block with low water absorption according to claim 1, wherein the dry material slurry in the step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of cement, 1-5 parts of gypsum, 60-70 parts of hydrophobic crystal waste powder prepared in the step (1) and 15-25 parts of quicklime prepared in the step (2).
5. The method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption of claim 1, wherein the solid content in the dry material slurry in the step (3) is 0.45-0.55.
6. the method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption according to claim 1, wherein the functional filler or the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from nano silicon dioxide, nano calcium carbonate, nano titanium dioxide, silicon micropowder, graphite powder and an antistatic agent; the catalyst is selected from one or more of polyisocyanates, aziridines, polycarbodiimides and waterborne amino resin.
7. The method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption according to the claim 1, the method is characterized in that the pretreatment is carried out after the dry material slurry is obtained in the step (3): the dry slurry is kept stand for 2 to 5 hours at the temperature of between 35 and 45 ℃ and under the pressure of between 0.3 and 0.55 MPa.
8. The method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 5, wherein the gas former in the step (3) accounts for 0.04-0.1% of the total weight of the dry materials in the dry material slurry.
9. The method for preparing the aerated concrete block with low water absorption according to claim 1, wherein the blank obtained in the step (4) is steamed for 3 to 4 hours in the step (5), and then passes through a transmission rolling device, and then is steamed for 3 to 4 hours, wherein the roller of the transmission rolling device is a self-weight roller and is arranged on the upper side of a conveyor belt, and a plurality of weight balls capable of freely rolling are arranged inside the upper roller.
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