CN112209685A - Foamed ceramic aerated concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foamed ceramic aerated concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112209685A CN112209685A CN202011126722.3A CN202011126722A CN112209685A CN 112209685 A CN112209685 A CN 112209685A CN 202011126722 A CN202011126722 A CN 202011126722A CN 112209685 A CN112209685 A CN 112209685A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
- C04B2111/285—Intumescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a foamed ceramic aerated concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 35-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 2-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the foamed ceramic powder serving as a siliceous material, and has good compressive strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete materials, in particular to foamed ceramic aerated concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the peeling process of the surface (bottom surface) of the foamed ceramic after-processing mostly adopts a grinding disc mode to grind the surface skin, thereby achieving the purpose of flattening the surface of the plate. Moreover, the polishing process of the ceramic tiles is also carried out by adopting a grinding disc mode, and a large amount of fine powder is generated. A large amount of ground powder can be used as a siliceous material to produce and prepare lightweight aerated concrete blocks or plates after filter pressing.
The existing aerated concrete patent technology comprises:
(1) the invention discloses an aerated concrete (CN 107721345A), which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43-80 parts of aerated concrete base material, 20-44 parts of stainless steel slag, 8-28 parts of biomass ash and 1-7 parts of seed crystal; the crystal seed adopts a hydrothermal synthesis silicate material containing tobermorite and calcium silicate hydrate colloid. The aerated concrete adds the stainless steel slag and the biomass ash slag in the raw materials, so that the utilization rate of the stainless steel slag and the biomass ash slag can be greatly increased, and the prepared aerated concrete block can meet the requirements of superior products of the current national standard.
(2) The invention provides an aerated concrete slab with a new section, which has lighter weight and stronger heat preservation and insulation performance under the condition of basically keeping the original bending rigidity of the aerated concrete slab (CN 110273507A). The specific method comprises the following steps: the original solid section of the aerated concrete slab is changed into the hollow section with holes, so that the production cost of the aerated concrete slab is reduced, and the use function of the slab is improved.
(3) The raw materials of the aerated concrete brick comprise biological ore powder, sand, lime, cement, gypsum and aluminum powder, and the aerated concrete brick is prepared into a plate or a block by uniformly mixing and molding, and has high strength and no crack. The shell powder is utilized to generate fine pore structure veins and a naturally-grown lamellar structure in the heat treatment process to obtain a reinforcing effect. Compared with the pore structure of the traditional aerated concrete, the biological ore powder such as shell powder has smaller pores and stronger structural strength, and has an adjusting effect on adjusting cracks generated by stress difference of the concrete. In the process of producing the aerated concrete, the gypsum has obvious effect of improving the strength. On one hand, in the early stage, gypsum is subjected to lime digestion inhibition, thickening and gas generation speed adjustment, so that the pore structure is ensured, and hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate and C-S-H gel are respectively formed with cement, lime and the like, so that the pore strength is improved. On the other hand, the gypsum can promote the hydrothermal reaction in the autoclaving process, and promote the conversion of the hydrated calcium silicate to tobermorite. In addition, the formation of the hydrogarnet can be inhibited, so that free Al ions are doped into the calcium silicate hydrate, and the Al ions can also inhibit the conversion of the calcium silicate hydrate to the xonotlite and promote the conversion of the calcium silicate hydrate to tobermorite, thereby improving the strength of the product and reducing the shrinkage value.
(4) The autoclaved porcelain powder aerated concrete heat-insulating plate (CN 108975854A) comprises the following components: 23-50 parts of ceramic waste slag powder, 10-15 parts of quicklime, 15-20 parts of cement, 2-4 parts of gypsum, 3-5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2-5 parts of aluminum powder, 3-6 parts of ferrosilicon powder and SiO25-8 parts of MgO24 portions of water and 40 to 100 portions of water. The ultrafine ceramic waste slag powder, the aluminum powder and the ferrosilicon powder gassing agent are adopted, and a plurality of additives are added to establish the ultrafine powder slurry gassing forming method, so that the problem of poor pouring stability of low-density 160-doped 200kg/m3 slurry is solved, and a porous structure with solid pore walls, high closed-pore rate, small pores, thin pore walls, round pores and uniform sizes is formed in a blank, so that the blank has good heat insulation performance.
(5) The permeable concrete aerated brick (CN 109851296A) aims at the problem that the compressive strength of the permeable concrete aerated brick is low, and provides the permeable concrete aerated brick which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 43-58 parts of fly ash; 22-30 parts of stone powder; 10-14 parts of lime; 58-78 parts of water; 10-14 parts of cement; 3-4 parts of gypsum; 0.08-0.1 part of aluminum powder; 0.08-0.1 part of steel fiber; 0.15-0.2 part of fish gelatin powder. By adding the steel fibers, the hardness of the aerated concrete brick is improved, the compressive strength of the aerated concrete brick is improved, and the aerated concrete brick is not easy to crack after being formed. By adding the steel fibers, the hardness of the pervious concrete aerated brick is favorably improved, the compressive strength of the pervious concrete aerated brick is improved, the durability of the pervious concrete aerated brick is favorably improved, and the pervious concrete aerated brick is not easy to crack after being formed; by adding the cement, the pouring stability is improved, the hardening speed of the concrete blank is accelerated, and the performance of the concrete blank is improved, so that the compressive strength of the formed permeable concrete aerated brick is enhanced; the lime generates alkali after hydration, and the aluminum powder is added, so that the aluminum powder can easily react with the alkali and release heat, and the hardening of the concrete blank is accelerated; meanwhile, the aluminum powder reacts with alkali to generate hydrogen, so that small bubbles are easily formed in the pervious concrete aerated brick, micropores are formed in the pervious concrete aerated brick, and the water permeability of the pervious concrete aerated brick is enhanced; by adding the fish gelatin powder, the fish gelatin powder has good affinity and water-retaining property, and is easy to form a involucra, so that a protective film is formed on the outer surface of the aerated concrete brick during the static curing process, the consistency of concrete slurry is increased, the aerated concrete brick during the static curing process is easy to form a gelatinous state, and the aerated concrete brick during the cutting process is in a jelly-like state, thereby being beneficial to improving the elasticity and strength of the aerated concrete brick, preventing the aerated concrete brick from collapsing during the cutting process, facilitating the cutting and forming of the aerated concrete brick, and improving the forming quality of the aerated concrete brick; in addition, the fish gelatin powder is easy to melt and lose efficacy under the high-temperature condition, so that the fish gelatin powder is easy to lose efficacy in the high-temperature high-pressure steam curing process of the pervious concrete aerated brick, the hardness of the pervious concrete aerated brick after steam-pressure forming is not easily influenced by the fish gelatin powder, and the compressive strength of the pervious concrete aerated brick is favorably improved.
(6) The aerated concrete block (CN109665795A) has good affinity and water retention property by adding fish glue powder, can form a involucra, is favorable for forming a protective film on the appearance of the concrete block, simultaneously increases the consistency of concrete, is favorable for the concrete block to be in a jelly-like state in the cutting process, ensures that the concrete block is not easy to collapse in the cutting process, and is convenient for cutting and forming the block.
(7) The invention discloses a preparation process of an ultrafine fly ash autoclaved aerated concrete insulation board (CN110204288A), which takes fly ash, quick lime, cement, gypsum, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and silicon powder as main materials.
(8) The aerated concrete block (CN110342870A) is a block production technology aiming at the problem of poor durability of the aerated concrete block, and the synergistic cooperation of the o-hydroxy benzoate, lecithin and acrylic emulsion is adopted, so that the corrosion resistance of the aerated concrete block is favorably enhanced, the compressive strength of the aerated concrete block is not easily affected by moisture, ultraviolet rays and oxygen, and the durability of the aerated concrete block is enhanced.
(9) The ultrafine fly ash autoclaved aerated self-insulation building block (CN110194645A) uses a gas generation technology, so that generated air is more uniform and finer, the inner surface is smooth and dense, and the size of an air hole is not more than 1 mm. Calcium lignosulfonate enables a large number of micro closed bubbles to be formed in the slurry, the existence of micro bubbles not only reduces the frictional resistance among aggregate particles and improves the impermeability of a product, but also cuts off a water seepage channel of a capillary and improves the impermeability of the product, and the combined use of the cellulose ether and the sodium methyl silanol serving as the additives reduces the heat conductivity coefficient of the material.
(10) The ultrafine fly ash autoclaved aerated concrete self-heat-preservation wallboard (CN110218040A) is characterized in that calcium lignosulfonate enables a large number of micro closed bubbles to be formed in slurry, the existence of micro bubbles not only reduces the friction resistance among aggregate particles and improves the impermeability of a product, but also cuts off a water seepage channel of a capillary and improves the impermeability of the product, and the joint use of oleic acid, triethanolamine and starch protein serving as additives improves the frost resistance of the product.
(11) The granite powder autoclaved aerated concrete heat-insulation board (CN110204296A) is prepared by taking the granite powder as a main material and adding alkali-resistant glass fibers, and when a product is damaged, the compressive strength of the product is improved due to the high tensile strength and high elastic modulus of the alkali-resistant glass fibers. The hydrophobicity of the potassium methylsilicate is added, so that the water absorption rate of the product can be reduced, and the durability of the product can be improved.
(12) Granite powder is used as a siliceous material, cement quicklime is used as a calcareous material, gypsum is used as a regulator, and a building block product with high strength and good heat preservation performance is prepared by utilizing a physical and chemical double foaming technology and assisting with a plurality of self-developed additives. The spodumene adopted in the invention belongs to monoclinic system minerals, is silicate minerals, contains a small amount of germanate, and can be added into a system to obviously enhance the strength of the self-insulation building block.
(13) The compression strength of the product is improved by adding alkali-resistant glass fiber into the granite powder assembled autoclaved aerated concrete self-insulation wallboard (CN110359627A), and the frost resistance of the product is improved by using the diphenyl carbonate, 1, 6-hexanediol, 5-isocyanato-1- (isocyanatomethyl) -1,3, 3-trimethylcyclohexane and the polymer of oxapanthenone.
(14) The yellow river sand autoclaved aerated concrete heat-insulating plate and the preparation method thereof (CN 110467420A) are prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-55% of yellow river sand, 10-15% of quick lime, 20-30% of portland cement, 3-5% of gypsum, 10-15% of waste slurry and 1-5% of aluminum powder. The invention adopts a physical and chemical double air-entrapping technology, so that the pore size distribution in the concrete is more uniform and fine, the strength and durability of the product are improved, and the heat conductivity and water absorbability are reduced. The invention utilizes a plurality of additives which are independently researched and developed to establish the high mud content yellow river sand slurry gas forming method, overcomes the difficult problem of poor pouring stability of low-density slurry, and enables the green body to form a porous structure with solid pore walls, high closed pore rate, small pores, thin pore walls, round pores and uniform sizes, thereby having good heat insulation performance.
(15) The yellow river sand autoclaved aerated concrete self-heat-preservation building block and the preparation method thereof (CN110423138A) are prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45-60% of yellow river sand, 15-20% of quick lime, 5-10% of cement, 2-5% of gypsum, 15-20% of waste slurry and 1-3% of aluminum powder. The porous silicate building block is prepared by using yellow river sand as a siliceous material, cement and quicklime as a calcareous material, gypsum as a regulator, using a physical and chemical double foaming technology and a plurality of additives which are researched and developed by oneself as auxiliary materials, and through the steps of metering, stirring, pouring into a mold, gas generation, pre-curing, cutting, forming and autoclaving.
(16) The yellow river sand assembled autoclaved aerated concrete self-insulation wallboard (CN 110498657A) uses a physical and chemical double foaming technology, so that the pore size distribution in the concrete is more uniform and finer, the inner surface is compact and smooth, the bottleneck of the application problem of a high-mud-content silicon-rich material is overcome by utilizing multiple additives which are independently developed, and the problems of high mud content, high water absorption rate, high viscosity and poor slurry pouring stability of the yellow river sand are effectively solved.
However, the prior art has not yet provided a process flow for preparing lightweight concrete from foamed ceramic powder.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The foamed ceramic aerated concrete provided by the invention is prepared by taking foamed ceramic powder as a siliceous material, and has the advantages of light weight, high strength, plate thickness of 100-200mm and density of 400-800kg/m3The compression strength is 4.0-7.5Mpa, and the heat-insulating coefficient is 0.11-0.23W/(m.K); the sound insulation performance is good, and the air sound insulation quantity reaches 40-50 dB; excellent impermeability, shock resistance, durability and the like, and the fire resistance limit performance can be adjustedReaching above 4H.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 35-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 2-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder.
Preferably, the foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
25-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 45-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder.
Preferably, the composition further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-10 parts of phosphogypsum tailings, and more preferably 3-10 parts.
Preferably, the composition further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0-10 parts of marble saw mud, and more preferably 5-10 parts of marble saw mud.
Preferably, the composition further comprises the following components in parts by mass: the glass fiber is 0 to 5 parts, and more preferably 4 to 5 parts.
Preferably, the composition further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0 to 10 parts of quicklime, preferably 5 to 10 parts.
Preferably, the 28-day strength of the ordinary portland cement is 56-57 Mpa.
Preferably, the average particle size of the ceramic foam powder is 20 to 392 μm, and more preferably, the average particle size of the ceramic foam powder is 76 to 88 μm when the particle size is D50, and 200 to 206 μm when the particle size is D97.
Preferably, the glass fiber is alkali-resistant glass fiber.
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the raw materials, grouting, standing for foaming, performing steam curing, and cutting to obtain the foamed ceramic aerated concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the foamed ceramic aerated concrete provided by the invention is prepared by taking foamed ceramic powder as a siliceous material, and has good compressive strength.
(2) The foamed ceramic aerated concrete provided by the invention is added with the phosphogypsum tailings and the marble saw mud, so that the solid waste can be recycled, the Ca is introduced, and the foaming effect of the plate is effectively improved.
(3) The glass fiber is added into the foamed ceramic aerated concrete provided by the invention, so that the toughness and strength of the plate are improved, the physical properties of the plate are improved, and particularly the compressive strength is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described examples are some, not all, of the examples of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of ordinary portland cement (for example, 20, 25 and 30 parts), 35-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder (35, 40, 45, 50, 60 and 65 parts), 2-10 parts of fly ash (2, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10 parts) and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder (0.04, 0.045 and 0.05 part).
Further, the components of the foamed ceramic aerated concrete can be optimized, and the foamed ceramic aerated concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
25-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 45-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps, by mass: 0-10 parts (1, 3, 5, 8, 10 parts) of phosphogypsum tailings, more preferably 3-10 parts, wherein the phosphogypsum tailings are phosphorus chemical tailings.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps, by mass: marble saw mud (1, 3, 5, 8, 10 parts), more preferably 5-10 parts, which is the saw mud left after processing marble.
The addition of the phosphogypsum tailings and the marble sawn mud can realize the resource utilization of solid wastes, simultaneously introduce Ca and effectively improve the foaming effect of the plate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps, by mass: 0-5 parts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 parts) of glass fiber, more preferably 4-5 parts, wherein the glass fiber can improve the toughness and strength of the plate, and improve the physical properties of the plate, particularly the compressive strength of the plate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps, by mass: 0 to 10 parts of quicklime, preferably 5 to 10 parts.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the Portland cement has a 28-day strength of 56-57 MPa.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the average particle size of the ceramic foam powder is 20 to 392 μm, and more preferably, the average particle size of the ceramic foam powder is D50 ═ 76 to 88 μm, and D97 ═ 200 to 206 μm.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the glass fibers are alkali-resistant glass fibers.
The preparation method of the foamed ceramic aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the raw materials, grouting, standing for foaming, performing steam curing, and cutting to obtain the foamed ceramic aerated concrete.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Examples 1 to 8
The specific proportions of the components of examples 1 to 8 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 compositions of examples 1-8
The average particle diameter of the ceramic foam powder was 85.535 μm, D50 was 76.686 μm, and D97 was 205.900 μm, and the analysis of the components of the ceramic foam powder is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 analysis of the composition of the foamed ceramic powders
| Sample numbering | SiO2 | AL2O3 | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | CaO | MgO | K2O | Na2O | L.O.I |
| Fine powder of foamed particles | 71.16 | 15.37 | 1.23 | 0.32 | 1.88 | 3.70 | 1.96 | 3.65 | 0.08 |
The preparation method of the above embodiments 1 to 8 specifically includes the following steps:
(1) raw material processing preparation stage
And (3) dry-grinding the quicklime in a ball mill to the required fineness, and dry-grinding or wet-grinding the slag, the sand and the fly ash to the required fineness. The processed raw materials are respectively stored in a storage bin or a cylinder.
(2) Raw material stirring and pouring stage:
the raw materials, the additive, the waste slurry and the treated aluminum powder suspension liquid which correspond to the raw materials, the additive, the waste slurry and the treated aluminum powder suspension liquid in the table are respectively added into a pouring truck according to the specified sequence; the pouring truck stirs the slurry and walks to the pouring place at the same time, and the slurry is poured mould by mould (the fixed-point pouring is that the mould is moved to the static position after pouring); the slurry is expanded in a mold to form a porous blank, and the mold is made of a steel plate and consists of a detachable side mold plate and a bottom mold.
(3) Standing and cutting the blank:
the green body just cast and molded must be stood for a certain time to ensure that the green body has certain strength, and then the green body can be cut. The standing time is determined by tests, generally 2-8 h at normal temperature, and the standing temperature is controlled to be about 45 ℃.
(4) And (3) steam pressure curing stage:
the green body which is just cut and the bottom die are sent into a still kettle together,closing a kettle door after the green body enters the kettle; in order to make steam easily penetrate into blank body and strengthen curing condition, before introducing steam, firstly vacuum-pumping is implemented, and its vacuum degree is about 800X 105Pa; then slowly feeding steam and raising pressure, and finally controlling the steam pressure to be (8 x 10)5)～(10×105) Pa, and controlling the corresponding steam temperature to be 175-205 ℃.
In order to allow the hydrothermal reaction to proceed for a sufficient time, constant pressure curing is required for a certain period of time. The steam pressure is higher, and the constant pressure time can be relatively shortened. At 8X 105Constant pressure of 12h, 11X 10 at Pa5Constant pressure of 10h, 15X 10 at Pa5And (3) keeping constant pressure for 6 hours under Pa, gradually reducing the pressure after constant-pressure maintenance is finished, gradually discharging steam to recover the normal pressure, opening a kettle door, and dragging out the mold filled with the finished product.
(5) And (3) a finished product processing stage:
after the materials are discharged from the kettle, the materials are inspected and then classified and stacked.
The foamed ceramic aerated concrete prepared by the method has the advantages of light weight, high strength, plate thickness of 100-200mm, density of 400-800kg/m3The compression strength is 4.0-7.5Mpa, and the heat-insulating coefficient is 0.11-0.23W/(m.K); the sound insulation performance is good, and the air sound insulation quantity reaches 40-50 dB; excellent impermeability, shock resistance, durability and other performances, and the fire resistance limit performance can reach more than 4H.
Comparative example 1
The fly ash comprises the following components in parts by mass: 364 parts of quicklime: 119 parts of cement: 57 parts, gypsum: 29 parts of aluminum powder: 0.0045 parts of water: 400 parts of (A).
The aerated concrete block (slab) obtained by the same preparation method as in example had the following density: density: 744kg/m3, compressive strength of 4.37Mpa, and product performance similar to that obtained in the examples, but this application has adopted a large amount of waste material preparation to obtain, has more resource recycle and environmental protection value.
Therefore, the process route for preparing the aerated concrete block or plate by using the foaming fine powder is proved to be capable of producing high-quality products.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
20-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 35-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 2-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder.
2. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
25-30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 45-65 parts of foamed ceramic powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 0.04-0.05 part of aluminum powder.
3. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, in parts by mass: 0-10 parts of phosphogypsum tailings, preferably 3-10 parts.
4. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, in parts by mass: 0-10 parts of marble saw mud, preferably 5-10 parts.
5. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, in parts by mass: glass fiber 0-5 parts, preferably 4-5 parts.
6. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, in parts by mass: 0 to 10 parts of quicklime, preferably 5 to 10 parts.
7. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete of claim 1 or 2, wherein the ordinary portland cement has a 28-day strength of 56-57 Mpa.
8. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average particle size of the foamed ceramic powder is 20-392 μm, preferably, the average particle size of the foamed ceramic powder is D50-76-88 μm, and D97-200-206 μm.
9. The foamed ceramic aerated concrete of claim 5, wherein the glass fibers are alkali resistant glass fibers.
10. The method for preparing the foamed ceramic aerated concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which comprises the following steps:
and uniformly mixing the raw materials, grouting, standing for foaming, performing steam curing, and cutting to obtain the foamed ceramic aerated concrete.
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