CN112851255B - Self-heat-insulating building material in alpine region and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-heat-insulating building material in alpine region and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112851255B CN112851255B CN202110165693.XA CN202110165693A CN112851255B CN 112851255 B CN112851255 B CN 112851255B CN 202110165693 A CN202110165693 A CN 202110165693A CN 112851255 B CN112851255 B CN 112851255B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of cement, 8-15 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of slag powder, 10-20 parts of stone powder, 8-15 parts of straw particles, 15-20 parts of polyphenyl particles, 0.5-2 parts of foaming agent, 1-3 parts of calcium stearate, 0.5-2 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1.5 parts of polycarboxylate water reducer and 20-30 parts of water. The heat conductivity coefficient of the material can be below 0.06 w/m.k, and the material can be used for the non-fire overwintering of agricultural greenhouses in northern areas. When the self-insulation building material is prepared, the other raw materials except the foaming agent and the accelerator are added with water to mix the supporting slurry, then the water is added with the foaming agent and the accelerator to mix, the air compressor is utilized to prepare the foaming solution, and the foaming solution and the slurry are mixed to obtain the self-insulation building material in the alpine region, so that the self-insulation building material can be used for preparing fireproof heat insulation boards, assembled walls, greenhouse heat insulation walls and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat-insulating building materials, and particularly relates to a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sunlight greenhouse is the industry with the greatest benefit in agricultural planting, is widely applied in northern areas, and is popularized in the south to realize plastic greenhouse and sunshade net cultivation, so that the problem of rain prevention and temperature reduction in summer is solved.
In northern areas of China, the average winter temperature is low, generally between 20 ℃ below zero and 30 ℃, and even the desert river in the north of Heilongjiang reaches 40 ℃ below zero. In cold winter, in order to ensure that the agricultural greenhouse winters smoothly, coal is generally burnt to heat the interior of the greenhouse, so that the heating cost is high and the economic benefit is not ideal, and the greenhouse is in an idle state in winter, occupies land and wastes resources.
The foaming concrete is prepared into foam by mechanical method, then the foam is added into slurry composed of siliceous material, calcareous material, water and various additives, and the porous material is obtained through mixing, stirring, casting molding and curing. As the foaming concrete contains a large number of pores, the foaming concrete has good heat insulation performance, and is a high-quality heat insulation building material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions, which has a heat conductivity coefficient below 0.06 w/m.k and can be used for non-fire overwintering of agricultural greenhouses in northern regions.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the self-heat-insulating building material for the alpine region comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of cement, 8-15 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of slag powder, 10-20 parts of stone powder, 8-15 parts of straw particles, 15-20 parts of polyphenyl particles, 0.5-2 parts of foaming agent, 1-3 parts of calcium stearate, 0.5-2 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1.5 parts of polycarboxylate water reducer and 20-30 parts of water.
Further, 45 parts of cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of slag powder, 15 parts of stone powder, 12 parts of straw particles, 18 parts of polyphenyl particles, 1 part of foaming agent, 2 parts of calcium stearate, 1 part of accelerator, 1 part of polycarboxylate water reducer and 25 parts of water.
Further, the raw materials also comprise 3 to 8 parts of hollow microspheres, 3 to 5 parts of polypropylene fibers and 5 to 10 parts of diatomite.
Further, the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is primary or secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m.
Further, the stone powder is artificial sand stone powder, and the particle size is below 0.08 mm.
Further, the straw particles are prepared by adopting straw to carry out desugaring treatment and crushing, and the particle size is below 100 mu m.
Further, the foaming agent is one or more of rosin, anionic surfactant and sodium bicarbonate.
The invention also relates to a method for preparing the self-insulation building material in the alpine region, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles and a polycarboxylate water reducer into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 60-70% of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
Further, after the materials in the step 3) are uniformly mixed, casting is directly carried out, and curing and molding are carried out.
Further, when hollow microspheres, polypropylene fibers and diatomite are added, the hollow microspheres, the polypropylene fibers and the diatomite are uniformly mixed with other raw materials in the step 1).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the heat insulation material provided by the invention, the cement and the polyphenyl particles are combined to form the organic-inorganic composite material, and the polyphenyl particles are added to help reduce the heat conductivity coefficient, but the polyphenyl particles are difficult to be wrapped by cement slurry when being added, so that certain problems exist in compatibility. In addition, the addition of the stone powder is also helpful for wrapping bubbles to form closed pores when the foaming solution is mixed with the slurry, so that the closed pore rate is improved, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is reduced.
2. The fly ash is a common additive, the later strength of the material is greatly improved by adding the fly ash, but the later strength of the material is not helped by hydrating the material, and the fly ash and the slag powder can be mutually excited by adding the slag powder, so that the early strength of the material is promoted to be increased, more closed pores are formed, and the heat insulation performance of the material is improved.
3. The straw is agricultural waste, has large source and difficult treatment, is used for heat insulation materials after being treated, is a fiber material, has a certain reinforcing effect, can prevent the materials from cracking, has the characteristics of light weight and low heat conductivity coefficient, and can be added into the materials to reduce the quality and cost of the materials.
4. The foaming agent adopts one or more of rosin, anionic surfactant and sodium bicarbonate, and the foaming agent and the accelerator are added simultaneously when the foaming solution is prepared, so that the accelerator can be mixed with foam in advance, and then can promote the rapid hardening and solidification of the foam when being mixed with the prepared slurry, meanwhile, calcium stearate is used as a foam stabilizer, and the foam vanishing amount when being mixed with the slurry can be reduced by adding the accelerator and the foam stabilizer.
5. The hollow microsphere, the polypropylene fiber and the diatomite are added into the material, so that the hollow microsphere can provide good heat insulation performance, and especially when the diatomite and the polypropylene fiber are matched, the diatomite can blend the hard hollow microsphere and the flexible polypropylene fiber, so that the material has good toughness and avoids cracking.
6. The material provided by the invention can pass 50 thawing tests, and the wall density is 300-400kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is below 0.06 w/m.k, the compressive strength is 3-5 MPa, and the fireproof strength reaches A level.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions comprises the following raw materials: 30kg of cement, 8kg of fly ash, 5kg of slag powder, 10kg of stone powder, 8kg of straw particles, 15kg of polyphenyl particles, 0.5kg of foaming agent, 1kg of calcium stearate, 0.5kg of accelerator, 0.5kg of polycarboxylate water reducer and 20kg of water.
Wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m. The stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm. The foaming agent is rosin 0.2kg and anionic surfactant 0.3kg. The accelerator is lithium carbonate.
Preferably, the straw particles are prepared by adopting straw to carry out desugaring treatment and crushing, and the particle size is below 100 mu m.
In the course of the preparation of the material,
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles and a polycarboxylate water reducer into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 12kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
Example 2:
a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions comprises the following raw materials: 50kg of cement, 15kg of fly ash, 10kg of slag powder, 20kg of stone powder, 15kg of straw particles, 20kg of polyphenyl particles, 2kg of foaming agent, 3kg of calcium stearate, 2kg of accelerator, 1.5kg of polycarboxylate water reducer and 30kg of water.
Wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m. The stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm. The foaming agent is an anionic surfactant. The accelerator is lithium carbonate.
Preferably, the straw particles are prepared by adopting straw to carry out desugaring treatment and crushing, and the particle size is below 100 mu m.
In the course of the preparation of the material,
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles and a polycarboxylate water reducer into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 21kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
Example 3:
a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions comprises the following raw materials: 45kg of cement, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of slag powder, 15kg of stone powder, 12kg of straw particles, 18kg of polyphenyl particles, 1kg of foaming agent, 2kg of calcium stearate, 1kg of accelerator, 1kg of polycarboxylate water reducer and 25kg of water.
Wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m. The stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm. The foaming agent is rosin 0.4kg, anionic surfactant 0.3kg and sodium bicarbonate 0.3kg. The accelerator is potassium aluminate.
Preferably, the straw particles are prepared by desugaring and crushing straw, the grain diameter is less than 100 mu m, and when materials are ready to be mixed, a small amount (10% of straw particles) of redispersible emulsion powder is added to treat the straw to form a waterproof film, so that straw scraps are wrapped, and the strength of the concrete is improved.
In the course of the preparation of the material,
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles and a polycarboxylate water reducer into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 16kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
Example 4:
a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions comprises the following raw materials: 45kg of cement, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of slag powder, 15kg of stone powder, 12kg of straw particles, 18kg of polyphenyl particles, 1kg of foaming agent, 2kg of calcium stearate, 1kg of accelerator, 1kg of polycarboxylate water reducer, 25kg of water, 5kg of hollow microspheres, 4kg of polypropylene fibers and 8kg of diatomite.
Wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m. The stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm. The foaming agent is rosin 0.4kg, anionic surfactant 0.3kg and sodium bicarbonate 0.3kg. The accelerator is potassium aluminate.
Preferably, the straw particles are prepared by adopting straw to carry out desugaring treatment and crushing, and the particle size is below 100 mu m.
In the course of the preparation of the material,
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles, a polycarboxylate water reducer, hollow microspheres, polypropylene fibers and diatomite into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 16kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
Comparative example 1: no stone powder was added to the formulation, the remainder being the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2: mineral powder is not added in the formula, and the rest is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3: straw particles were not added to the formulation, the remainder being the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4:
a self-heat-insulating building material in alpine regions comprises the following raw materials: 45kg of cement, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of slag powder, 15kg of stone powder, 12kg of straw particles, 18kg of polyphenyl particles, 1kg of foaming agent, 2kg of calcium stearate, 1kg of accelerator, 1kg of polycarboxylate water reducer, 25kg of water, 5kg of hollow microspheres and 4kg of polypropylene fibers.
Wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement, the fly ash is secondary fly ash, the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder, and the particle size is below 40 mu m. The stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm. The foaming agent is rosin 0.4kg, anionic surfactant 0.3kg and sodium bicarbonate 0.3kg. The accelerator is potassium aluminate.
Preferably, the straw particles are prepared by adopting straw to carry out desugaring treatment and crushing, and the particle size is below 100 mu m.
In the course of the preparation of the material,
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles, a polycarboxylate water reducer, hollow microspheres and polypropylene fibers into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 16kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining the self-heat-preservation building material in the alpine region.
The materials obtained in the examples and comparative examples above were tested according to JC/T1062-2007. The main performance data are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The materials obtained in the embodiment can pass through 50 thawing tests and can be used for various building maintenance structures, such as a single building, a villa, a factory building, an overwintering greenhouse in a cold region, a livestock and poultry housing, a detachable movable house, a garage and the like. Has the performances of super heat preservation, heat insulation, light weight, energy storage, no toxic or harmful radioactive substance, fire resistance, water resistance, strong weather resistance and the like. All indexes meet the national safety quality inspection standard.
Claims (1)
1. The self-heat-insulating building material for the alpine region is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: 45kg of cement, 10kg kg of fly ash, 5kg of slag powder, 15kg kg of stone powder, 12kg of straw particles, 18kg of polyphenyl particles, 1kg of foaming agent, 2kg of calcium stearate, 1kg of accelerator, 1kg of polycarboxylate water reducer and 25kg of water;
wherein the cement is 42.5 silicate cement; the fly ash is secondary fly ash; the mineral powder is blast furnace slag powder; particle size is below 40 μm; the stone powder is artificial sand stone powder with the particle size below 0.08 mm; the foaming agent is rosin 0.4kg, anionic surfactant 0.3kg and sodium bicarbonate 0.3kg; the accelerator is potassium aluminate; the straw particles are prepared by adopting the process of desugaring and crushing the straw, the grain diameter is less than 100 mu m, when materials are ready to be mixed, 10 percent of redispersible emulsion powder of the straw particles is added to treat the straw to form a waterproof film, and straw scraps are wrapped, so that the strength of the concrete is improved;
the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Adding cement, fly ash, slag powder, stone powder, straw particles, calcium stearate, polyphenyl particles and a polycarboxylate water reducer into stirring equipment, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding 16kg of water and mixing uniformly;
2) Mixing the rest water with a foaming agent and an accelerator, and injecting compressed air by using an air compressor to prepare a foaming solution until the volume of the foaming solution is equivalent to that of the slurry in the step 1);
3) Adding the bubbles obtained in the step 2) into the material in the step 1), and uniformly mixing; obtaining a self-heat-insulating building material in the alpine region;
the density of the material is 341kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.034 w/m.k, the compressive strength is 4.5MPa, and the fire resistance grade is grade A.
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| CN113716920A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-11-30 | 福建农林大学 | Foam concrete wall material with industrial waste replacing cement in large proportion |
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