CN111657194A - Ecological breeding method for high-yield and high-quality river snails - Google Patents
Ecological breeding method for high-yield and high-quality river snails Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of river snail breeding, and discloses an ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails, which consists of field selection, pond pretreatment, seedling selection, water body regulation and control, breeding management and river snail fishing, wherein: selecting a field: a pond area of 50 mu is selected as a transformation object, a 150 cm-high metal mesh is obliquely inserted around the pond to increase the culture area of the river snails and prevent the river snails from escaping, reinforcing rods with an inclination angle of 45 degrees are additionally arranged at the joints of the metal mesh and the pond, and the pond ridge is reinforced. According to the invention, the microbial preparation is added into the culture water body, so that the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful algae can be effectively reduced, the immunity and disease resistance of a culture object are enhanced, the morbidity is reduced, and the survival rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river snail breeding, in particular to an ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails.
Background
River snail refers to mollusk of river snail family, belongs to field snail family of anterior gill subclass of gastropoda of mollusk, and is distributed in most areas of China, and the river snail has high requirement on water quality and low yield and can be caught in summer and autumn.
In traditional river snail breeding, it is usually to adopt the culture zooplankton to provide bait for the river snail in the early stage of raising, then throw and feed vegetables, rice bran, fish viscera or vegetable cake, bean cake etc. in the later stage, this can increase the breed cost undoubtedly, is difficult to adjust and control the breed water moreover, this leads to the water to go bad easily to cause the survival rate of river snail to reduce. Therefore, the technical personnel in the field provide an ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality viviparidae comprises the following steps of field selection, pond pretreatment, seedling selection, water body regulation and control, breeding management and viviparidae catching, wherein the ecological breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting a field: selecting a pond area of 50 mu as a transformation object, obliquely inserting a 150 cm-high metal mesh sheet around the pond to increase the culture area of the river snails and prevent the river snails from escaping, additionally arranging a reinforcing rod with an inclination angle of 45 degrees at the joint of the metal mesh sheet and the pond, well reinforcing a pond ridge, arranging a sprinkling irrigation pipeline on the metal mesh sheet, arranging a sprinkling irrigation head on the sprinkling irrigation pipeline, pumping out sludge at the bottom of the pond through a sludge pump to ensure that the thickness of the sludge at the bottom is between 10 and 15cm, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at two sides of the pond, wherein the distance between the water inlet and the bottom of the pond is 80cm, and the distance between the water outlet and the bottom of the pond is 25 cm; pretreatment of the pond: spraying a layer of 2-6cm thick disinfection powder to the bottom of the pond in a manual mode within 10-15 days before cultivation for primary disinfection, and spraying 3000mL of disinfection solution to the bottom of the pond through a sprinkling irrigation head arranged on a sprinkling irrigation pipeline for secondary disinfection treatment after 3-5 days after primary disinfection; selecting seedlings: a. selecting fresh and alive snail with light brown color, thin and complete shell and blunt body dome for later use; b. Opening a water inlet and a water outlet, injecting a water source into the pond for cleaning, closing the water inlet and the water outlet after cleaning, and throwing seed snails into the pond according to the seed snail throwing amount of 150-700 per mu, wherein the weight of the seed snails is 12-26 g, and after the seed snails are thrown, 50-100 loaches are thrown into the pond for mixed culture; water body regulation and control: within 5-12h after the breeding snails are thrown in, microbial agents with the weight of 700g are injected into the pond to regulate and control the water quality; cultivation management: the method comprises the following steps of (1) scattering wormcast into a pond to feed river snails, wherein the daily feeding amount of the wormcast is 2.0% -2.5% of the snails, the feeding time is 3-5 times per day, regular water changing is carried out within 3-5 days after feeding, and when the water temperature is more than 27 degrees, a water inlet and a water outlet are opened to change water and cool the water; fishing the river snails: after 8 months were put in to kind snail, the water in the pond was taken out through the water pump and is dried, and the manual work carries the bamboo basket and picks up field snail, picks up the in-process, leaves over partial female snail and replanting.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the area of a single pond in the field selection is 5 mu, and the total number of the ponds is ten, wherein the depths of the ponds of the ten ponds are 1-1.5m, the slope ratio is 1:3, and meanwhile, filter screens with the aperture of 0.5cm are arranged inside a water inlet and a water outlet of each pond to block impurities and prevent escargots from escaping.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and after sludge in the pond selected in the field is pumped out, aquatic plants such as cane shoots and the like are also thinly planted in the middle of the pond.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the microbial preparation in water regulation comprises the following steps: (1) according to the weight parts, 20% of bacillus licheniformis, 25% of bacillus megaterium and 30% of polymyxa are taken and cultured in a culture solution for 15-20h at constant temperature, the concentrations of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are adjusted to proper concentrations, then the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are transferred to a seed tank and 20ml of culture solution is added for culture, meanwhile, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are stirred at a rotating speed of 50-90/min in the culture process and then are kept stand for 28-32h, and when the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively grow to the hundred million/g magnitude, the bacillus megaterium, the bacillus megateri; and (2) mixing the fermentation products in the step (1), concentrating and drying the prepared fermentation culture solution of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively to obtain bacterial powder, and mixing the bacterial powder and the carrier according to the weight ratio of 1:3, stirring uniformly to obtain the microbial preparation.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the wormcast comprises the following steps: isolating the earthworm feed in the earthworm feeding bed from a soil layer by using non-woven fabrics, collecting the wormcast only on the upper layer of the non-woven fabrics when collecting the wormcast, stacking the wormcast for 3-5h, controlling the moisture content in the wormcast to be 70% -80%, and selecting the stacked wormcast with the mass part of 40-70%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the microbial preparation is added into the culture water body, so that the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful algae can be effectively reduced, the immunity and disease resistance of a culture object are enhanced, the morbidity is reduced, the survival rate is improved, the water quality can be stabilized and improved, after the microbial preparation is used in the same environment, the average acre yield of the pond is improved, wormcast is adopted for feeding, the wormcast is not only a high-efficiency organic fertilizer, but also doped earthworm eggs and small earthworms, very good animal protein and bioactive enzyme, the wormcast is used as a feed, not only can the animal protein be replaced, the biological enzyme can also promote the gastrointestinal function of the field snails, promote the growth of the field snails, save the culture cost and improve the economic benefit, but also some emergent aquatic plants such as wild rice shoots and the like are planted in the pond, and the water body belongs to aquatic maintenance economic plants, so that the good and healthy culture environment of the water body can be restored and, the dense distribution of the zizania latifolia can shield places with good viviparidae inhabitation activity and can improve the land output rate.
Detailed Description
In embodiment 1 of the present invention, an ecological breeding method for high-yield and high-quality viviparidae comprises field selection, pond pretreatment, seedling selection, water regulation, breeding management and viviparidae catching, wherein: selecting a field: selecting a pond area of 50 mu as a transformation object, obliquely inserting a 150 cm-high metal mesh sheet around the pond to increase the culture area of the river snails and prevent the river snails from escaping, additionally arranging a reinforcing rod with an inclination angle of 45 degrees at the joint of the metal mesh sheet and the pond, well reinforcing a pond ridge, arranging a sprinkling irrigation pipeline on the metal mesh sheet, arranging a sprinkling irrigation head on the sprinkling irrigation pipeline, pumping out sludge at the bottom of the pond through a sludge pump to ensure that the thickness of the sludge at the bottom is between 10 and 15cm, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at two sides of the pond, wherein the distance between the water inlet and the bottom of the pond is 80cm, and the distance between the water outlet and the bottom of the pond is 25 cm; pretreatment of the pond: spraying a layer of 2-6cm thick disinfection powder to the bottom of the pond in a manual mode within 10-15 days before cultivation for primary disinfection, and spraying 3000mL of disinfection solution to the bottom of the pond through a sprinkling irrigation head arranged on a sprinkling irrigation pipeline for secondary disinfection treatment after 3-5 days after primary disinfection; the preparation method of the disinfection powder comprises the following steps: weighing 15% of sodium chloride, 8% of stabilizer, 25% of sulfamic acid and 8% of coating agent according to parts by weight, sequentially adding the raw materials into a stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 15-22 ℃ and the humidity of less than 30%, and standing for 30min to obtain the sodium chloride-containing composite coating agent, wherein the stabilizer is malic acid or citric acid; the preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: weighing 25% of dealdehydized ethanol, 0.8% of amino acid, 1.5% of thickening agent, 0.2% of mint oil and 75% of water in parts by weight, mixing the dealdehydized ethanol and the amino acid, adding the thickening agent, controlling the temperature to be 25-30 ℃, stirring until the mixture is transparent to obtain a mixed solution, then adding the mint oil, and stirring until the mixture is transparent to obtain a disinfectant, wherein after the thickening agent is added, the mixed solution is stirred at the stirring speed of 80-120 rpm; selecting seedlings: a. selecting fresh and alive snail with light brown color, thin and complete shell and blunt body dome for later use; b. Opening a water inlet and a water outlet, injecting a water source into the pond for cleaning, closing the water inlet and the water outlet after cleaning, and throwing seed snails into the pond according to the seed snail throwing amount of 150-700 per mu, wherein the weight of the seed snails is 12-26 g, and after the seed snails are thrown, 50-100 loaches are thrown into the pond for mixed culture; water body regulation and control: within 5-12h after the breeding snails are put in, microbial agents with the weight of 700g are injected into the pond to regulate and control the water quality, the water quality in the aquaculture pond is regulated and controlled by using bacillus, the microbial agents not only have rich, complete and balanced nutrition, enable aquatic animals to grow healthily and enhance the immunity function of organisms, but also can convert harmful substances in water, enhance the disease resistance of the aquaculture animals, inhibit the propagation of harmful flora and viruses in water, change the microbial community of the water, and have direct effect on disease prevention and treatment, and the project can effectively improve the water quality condition of the aquaculture water and enhance the immunity and disease resistance of the escargots and the loaches for mixed culture by reasonably using the spores in the escargots aquaculture pond; cultivation management: the earthworm cast is scattered into a pond to feed the river snails, wherein the daily feeding amount of the earthworm cast is 2.0-2.5% of the snails, the feeding time is 3-5 times per day, regular water change is carried out within 3-5 days after the feeding, when the water temperature is more than 27 ℃, a water inlet and a water outlet are opened to change water and cool down, the earthworm cast is mainly adopted for feeding in the breeding management, the earthworm cast is not a high-efficiency organic fertilizer, the doped earthworm eggs and small earthworms are also very good animal protein and bioactive enzyme, and the earthworm cast serving as a feed can replace animal and plant protein, and the biological enzyme can also promote the gastrointestinal function of the river snails, promote the growth of the river snails, save the breeding cost and improve the economic benefit; fishing the river snails: after 8 months were put in to kind snail, the water in the pond was taken out through the water pump and is dried, and the manual work carries the bamboo basket and picks up field snail, picks up the in-process, leaves over partial female snail and replanting.
Preferably: the area of a single pond in the field selection is 5 mu, and the total number of the ponds is ten, wherein the pond depths of the ten ponds are 1-1.5m, the slope ratio is 1:3, and meanwhile, filter screens with the aperture of 0.5cm are arranged inside a water inlet and a water outlet of each pond to block impurities and prevent escargots from escaping.
Preferably: after the sludge in the pond selected in the field is pumped out, aquatic plants such as wild rice shoots and the like are also thinly planted in the middle of the pond, emergent aquatic plants such as wild rice shoots and the like are planted in the escargot culture pond, the wild rice shoots belong to aquatic vascular economic plants, the good and healthy culture environment of a water body can be recovered and maintained, the dense distribution of the wild rice shoots can be used as a shielding place with good activity for the inhabitation of the escargots, and the yield of the land can be improved.
Preferably: the preparation method of the microbial preparation in water regulation comprises the following steps: (1) according to the weight parts, 20% of bacillus licheniformis, 25% of bacillus megaterium and 30% of polymyxa are taken and cultured in a culture solution for 15-20h at constant temperature, the concentrations of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are adjusted to proper concentrations, then the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are transferred to a seed tank and 20ml of culture solution is added for culture, meanwhile, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are stirred at a rotating speed of 50-90/min in the culture process and then are kept stand for 28-32h, and when the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively grow to the hundred million/g magnitude, the bacillus megaterium, the bacillus megateri; and (2) mixing the fermentation products in the step (1), concentrating and drying the prepared fermentation culture solution of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively to obtain bacterial powder, and mixing the bacterial powder and the carrier according to the weight ratio of 1:3, stirring uniformly to obtain the microbial preparation.
Preferably: the preparation method of the wormcast comprises the following steps: isolating the earthworm feed in the earthworm feeding bed from a soil layer by using non-woven fabrics, collecting the wormcast only on the upper layer of the non-woven fabrics when collecting the wormcast, stacking the wormcast for 3-5h, controlling the moisture content in the wormcast to be 70% -80%, and selecting the stacked wormcast with the mass part of 40-70%.
In embodiment 2 of the present invention, an ecological breeding method for high-yield and high-quality viviparidae comprises field selection, pond pretreatment, seedling selection, water regulation, breeding management and viviparidae catching, wherein: selecting a field: selecting a pond area of 50 mu as a transformation object, obliquely inserting a 150 cm-high metal mesh sheet around the pond to increase the culture area of the river snails and prevent the river snails from escaping, additionally arranging a reinforcing rod with an inclination angle of 45 degrees at the joint of the metal mesh sheet and the pond, well reinforcing a pond ridge, arranging a sprinkling irrigation pipeline on the metal mesh sheet, arranging a sprinkling irrigation head on the sprinkling irrigation pipeline, pumping out sludge at the bottom of the pond through a sludge pump to ensure that the thickness of the sludge at the bottom is between 10 and 15cm, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at two sides of the pond, wherein the distance between the water inlet and the bottom of the pond is 80cm, and the distance between the water outlet and the bottom of the pond is 25 cm; pretreatment of the pond: spraying a layer of 2-6cm thick disinfection powder to the bottom of the pond in a manual mode within 10-15 days before cultivation for primary disinfection, and spraying 3000mL of disinfection solution to the bottom of the pond through a sprinkling irrigation head arranged on a sprinkling irrigation pipeline for secondary disinfection treatment after 3-5 days after primary disinfection; the preparation method of the disinfection powder comprises the following steps: weighing 15% of sodium chloride, 8% of stabilizer, 25% of sulfamic acid and 8% of coating agent according to parts by weight, sequentially adding the raw materials into a stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 15-22 ℃ and the humidity of less than 30%, and standing for 30min to obtain the sodium chloride-containing composite coating agent, wherein the stabilizer is malic acid or citric acid; the preparation method of the disinfectant comprises the following steps: weighing 25% of dealdehydized ethanol, 0.8% of amino acid, 1.5% of thickening agent, 0.2% of mint oil and 75% of water in parts by weight, mixing the dealdehydized ethanol and the amino acid, adding the thickening agent, controlling the temperature to be 25-30 ℃, stirring until the mixture is transparent to obtain a mixed solution, then adding the mint oil, and stirring until the mixture is transparent to obtain a disinfectant, wherein after the thickening agent is added, the mixed solution is stirred at the stirring speed of 80-120 rpm; selecting seedlings: a. selecting fresh and alive snail with light brown color, thin and complete shell and blunt body dome for later use; b. Opening a water inlet and a water outlet, injecting a water source into the pond for cleaning, closing the water inlet and the water outlet after cleaning, and throwing seed snails into the pond according to the seed snail throwing amount of 150-700 per mu, wherein the weight of the seed snails is 12-26 g, and after the seed snails are thrown, 50-100 loaches are thrown into the pond for mixed culture; water body regulation and control: within 5-12h after the breeding snails are put in, microbial agents with the weight of 700g are injected into the pond to regulate and control the water quality, the water quality in the aquaculture pond is regulated and controlled by using bacillus, the microbial agents not only have rich, complete and balanced nutrition, enable aquatic animals to grow healthily and enhance the immunity function of organisms, but also can convert harmful substances in water, enhance the disease resistance of the aquaculture animals, inhibit the propagation of harmful flora and viruses in water, change the microbial community of the water, and have direct effect on disease prevention and treatment, and the project can effectively improve the water quality condition of the aquaculture water and enhance the immunity and disease resistance of the escargots and the loaches for mixed culture by reasonably using the spores in the escargots aquaculture pond; cultivation management: the earthworm cast is scattered into a pond to feed the river snails, wherein the daily feeding amount of the earthworm cast is 2.0-2.5% of the snails, the feeding time is 3-5 times per day, regular water change is carried out within 3-5 days after the feeding, when the water temperature is more than 27 ℃, a water inlet and a water outlet are opened to change water and cool down, the earthworm cast is mainly adopted for feeding in the breeding management, the earthworm cast is not a high-efficiency organic fertilizer, the doped earthworm eggs and small earthworms are also very good animal protein and bioactive enzyme, and the earthworm cast serving as a feed can replace animal and plant protein, and the biological enzyme can also promote the gastrointestinal function of the river snails, promote the growth of the river snails, save the breeding cost and improve the economic benefit; fishing the river snails: after 8 months were put in to kind snail, the water in the pond was taken out through the water pump and is dried, and the manual work carries the bamboo basket and picks up field snail, picks up the in-process, leaves over partial female snail and replanting.
Preferably: the area of a single pond in the field selection is 5 mu, and the total number of the ponds is ten, wherein the pond depths of the ten ponds are 1-1.5m, the slope ratio is 1:3, and meanwhile, filter screens with the aperture of 0.5cm are arranged inside a water inlet and a water outlet of each pond to block impurities and prevent escargots from escaping.
Preferably: after the sludge in the pond selected in the field is pumped out, aquatic plants such as wild rice shoots and the like are also thinly planted in the middle of the pond, emergent aquatic plants such as wild rice shoots and the like are planted in the escargot culture pond, the wild rice shoots belong to aquatic vascular economic plants, the good and healthy culture environment of a water body can be recovered and maintained, the dense distribution of the wild rice shoots can be used as a shielding place with good activity for the inhabitation of the escargots, and the yield of the land can be improved.
Preferably: the preparation method of the microbial preparation in water regulation comprises the following steps: (1) culturing 30% of bacillus licheniformis, 35% of bacillus megaterium and 40% of polymyxa in a culture solution at a constant temperature for 15-20h according to the weight parts, adjusting the concentrations of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa to proper concentrations, transferring the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa to a seeding tank, adding 20ml of the culture solution for culturing, stirring at a rotating speed of 50-90/min in the culturing process, standing for 28-32h, and transferring the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa to a fermentation tank for continuous fermentation when the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa grow to hundreds of millions per gram respectively; and (2) mixing the fermentation products in the step (1), concentrating and drying the prepared fermentation culture solution of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively to obtain bacterial powder, and mixing the bacterial powder and the carrier according to the weight ratio of 1:3, stirring uniformly to obtain the microbial preparation.
Preferably: the preparation method of the wormcast comprises the following steps: isolating the earthworm feed in the earthworm feeding bed from a soil layer by using non-woven fabrics, collecting the wormcast only on the upper layer of the non-woven fabrics when collecting the wormcast, stacking the wormcast for 3-5h, controlling the moisture content in the wormcast to be 70% -80%, and selecting the stacked wormcast with the mass part of 40-70%.
Control group: the field snails of the same species as the species in the examples 1 and 2 are selected, microbial preparations and wormcast are not used, only conventional breeding modes are used for breeding, and other breeding methods are completely the same as the examples 1 and 2.
In order to verify that the yield per mu and the survival rate of the river snail breeding method are superior to those of a control group cultured in a traditional mode, 500 river snails are randomly selected, the empty snail condition of the river snails is observed, the corresponding empty snail rate is calculated, and the yield per mu of the river snails is recorded after harvesting, wherein the specific conditions are shown in the following table:
| test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Control group |
| Single spiral weight (g) | 20.2 | 20.4 | 18.2 |
| Empty spiral rate (%) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 |
| Mu yield (kg/mu) | 980.12 | 1051.2 | 780.32 |
As can be seen from the above table, the weight of the snails cultured in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is significantly better than that of the snails cultured in the control group in the conventional manner, and the empty rate of the snails is also significantly lower than that of the snails in the control group, which means that the immunity and disease resistance of the snails can be greatly improved and the incidence rate can be reduced by adding the microecologics into the culture water in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, and finally, the stomach and intestine function of the snails can be promoted and the growth of the snails can be promoted and the culture cost can be reduced by feeding the snails in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 with earthworm feces, so as to sum up, the yield per mu and the survival rate of the snails culture method are significantly better than those of the snails cultured in the conventional manner in the control group.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality viviparidae is characterized by comprising field selection, pond pretreatment, seedling selection, water body regulation and control, breeding management and viviparidae catching, wherein: selecting a field: selecting a pond area of 50 mu as a transformation object, obliquely inserting a 150 cm-high metal mesh sheet around the pond to increase the culture area of the river snails and prevent the river snails from escaping, additionally arranging a reinforcing rod with an inclination angle of 45 degrees at the joint of the metal mesh sheet and the pond, well reinforcing a pond ridge, arranging a sprinkling irrigation pipeline on the metal mesh sheet, arranging a sprinkling irrigation head on the sprinkling irrigation pipeline, pumping out sludge at the bottom of the pond through a sludge pump to ensure that the thickness of the sludge at the bottom is between 10 and 15cm, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at two sides of the pond, wherein the distance between the water inlet and the bottom of the pond is 80cm, and the distance between the water outlet and the bottom of the pond is 25 cm; pretreatment of the pond: spraying a layer of 2-6cm thick disinfection powder to the bottom of the pond in a manual mode within 10-15 days before cultivation for primary disinfection, and spraying 3000mL of disinfection solution to the bottom of the pond through a sprinkling irrigation head arranged on a sprinkling irrigation pipeline for secondary disinfection treatment after 3-5 days after primary disinfection; selecting seedlings: a. selecting fresh and alive snail with light brown color, thin and complete shell and blunt body dome for later use; b. Opening a water inlet and a water outlet, injecting a water source into the pond for cleaning, closing the water inlet and the water outlet after cleaning, and throwing seed snails into the pond according to the seed snail throwing amount of 150-700 per mu, wherein the weight of the seed snails is 12-26 g, and after the seed snails are thrown, 50-100 loaches are thrown into the pond for mixed culture; water body regulation and control: within 5-12h after the breeding snails are thrown in, microbial agents with the weight of 700g are injected into the pond to regulate and control the water quality; cultivation management: the method comprises the following steps of (1) scattering wormcast into a pond to feed river snails, wherein the daily feeding amount of the wormcast is 2.0% -2.5% of the snails, the feeding time is 3-5 times per day, regular water changing is carried out within 3-5 days after feeding, and when the water temperature is more than 27 degrees, a water inlet and a water outlet are opened to change water and cool the water; fishing the river snails: after 8 months were put in to kind snail, the water in the pond was taken out through the water pump and is dried, and the manual work carries the bamboo basket and picks up field snail, picks up the in-process, leaves over partial female snail and replanting.
2. The ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality viviparidae according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of a single pond in the field selection is 5 mu, and the total area of ten ponds is 1-1.5m, the slope ratio is 1:3, and meanwhile, filter screens with the aperture of 0.5cm are arranged inside the water inlet and the water outlet of each pond to block impurities and prevent the viviparidae from escaping.
3. The ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality escargots as claimed in claim 1, wherein after sludge is pumped out from a pond selected in the field, aquatic plants such as cane shoots and the like are thinly planted in the middle of the pond.
4. The ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the microbial preparation in water regulation comprises the following steps: (1) according to the weight parts, 20% of bacillus licheniformis, 25% of bacillus megaterium and 30% of polymyxa are taken and cultured in a culture solution for 15-20h at constant temperature, the concentrations of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are adjusted to proper concentrations, then the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are transferred to a seed tank and 20ml of culture solution is added for culture, meanwhile, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa are stirred at a rotating speed of 50-90/min in the culture process and then are kept stand for 28-32h, and when the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively grow to the hundred million/g magnitude, the bacillus megaterium, the bacillus megateri; and (2) mixing the fermentation products in the step (1), concentrating and drying the prepared fermentation culture solution of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus megaterium and the polymyxa respectively to obtain bacterial powder, and mixing the bacterial powder and the carrier according to the weight ratio of 1:3, stirring uniformly to obtain the microbial preparation.
5. The ecological breeding method of high-yield and high-quality river snails according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of wormcast comprises the following steps: isolating the earthworm feed in the earthworm feeding bed from a soil layer by using non-woven fabrics, collecting the wormcast only on the upper layer of the non-woven fabrics when collecting the wormcast, stacking the wormcast for 3-5h, controlling the moisture content in the wormcast to be 70% -80%, and selecting the stacked wormcast with the mass part of 40-70%.
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