CN111657013A - Multifunctional paddy-upland double-root system cultivation ecological box and application method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional paddy-upland double-root system cultivation ecological box and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111657013A CN111657013A CN202010615785.9A CN202010615785A CN111657013A CN 111657013 A CN111657013 A CN 111657013A CN 202010615785 A CN202010615785 A CN 202010615785A CN 111657013 A CN111657013 A CN 111657013A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/06—Other details of beehives, e.g. ventilating devices, entrances to hives, guards, partitions or bee escapes
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
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- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
- B65D85/34—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges or tomatoes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- F26—DRYING
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- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional paddy-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and an application method thereof. It is characterized in that: the ecological box is characterized in that the upper part of the ecological box is a soil layer and a nutrient water layer at the lower part of the ecological box, the ecological box is separated by a multi-structure partition plate, the box wall tightly attached to the upper part of the partition plate is provided with a vent hole and a self-flowing drain hole, the bottom of the ecological box is provided with an artificial drain hole, and the opening edge of the ecological box is provided with a support inserting pipe and a nutrient solution injection pipe which are directly communicated with the water layer. Meanwhile, a small part of default types are additionally arranged, so that centralized temperature control, moisture preservation, germination acceleration, lighting, heat preservation and seedling cultivation are facilitated in early spring, the default function is recovered after seedling cultivation, or the default type is converted into a cross-border multifunctional box. The ecological box has the advantages of drought and waterlogging prevention, high yield potential of crops excited by cultivating water and drought roots, and easiness in management of fast growing, and can be used for building yards, barren slopes, deserts, saline-alkali soil and large-scale utilization to form high-yield ecological gardens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional paddy-upland double-root system ecological box and an application method thereof, which are a cultivation method for developing high yield potential energy of crops by following the ecological characteristics of part of the crops with the paddy-upland double-root system. The whole set of planting mode is simple and convenient to manage, and the maximization of the physiological productivity of crops is promoted. The ecological mode of the design also has the advantages of drought and waterlogging prevention, seepage prevention and water saving, does not occupy cultivated land, can be used for beautifying the courtyard of a building platform, enriches the interest of family life, can be planted in the barren slopes, swamps and saline-alkali soil in a large scale, is less in evaporation due to no seepage and is more suitable for the northern area with less water sources and more sunshine, and provides a large amount of high-quality melons, fruits and vegetables.
Background
The crops mainly comprising vegetables are not only tuber fruit crops deposited under soil, such as white radish, carrot, sweet potato, ginger, peanut and the like, but also other crops with branches and leaves on the upper part of the soil or with large extension range of vines, such as deep root crops and crops with both irrigated and arid roots, such as melons and pods. In the past, most of the crop cultivation takes land cultivation as a main form, and adopts greenhouse production and plastic film protection to improve out-of-season cultivation of crops and a small amount of soilless cultivation.
The maximization of the development capability of the root system is difficult to achieve in the land cultivation, and the growth period of crops is restricted by a plurality of adverse factors, such as excessive drying and excessive wetting of soil, excessive loosening of the soil to prevent the root hair from being tightly combined with the soil, influence on absorption of fertilizer nutrition and moisture, or excessive hardening of the soil to prevent the root hair from absorbing oxygen, and restrict the development of the root hair to influence the growth of the crops. The ecological box with an innovative ecological mechanism performs water-drought double-rooting cultivation on the growth period of the transplanted crops according to the characteristics of the crops, so that the negative influence on the growth of the crops can be minimized, and the potential high yield performance of the crops can be developed. Meanwhile, the ecological box main body is utilized, the accessory is configured to form the efficient seedling raising box, seedlings are raised for crops, the seedling raising mode in a small range can be respectively adapted to the seedling raising requirements of different crop seeds, the adaptive seedling raising conditions are adopted, the temperature and the moisture are respectively controlled, and the ecological box can be moved to indoor and outdoor environments along with the air temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivating box includes double-root ecological cultivating box and seedling cultivating box with additional parts, and is suitable for cultivation in growth period after transplanting of aquatic-upland double-root crops and early stage temperature control germination accelerating seedling cultivation, and is characterized by that: the upper part of the ecological box is a deeper soil layer and a shallower nutrient water layer at the lower part, the bottom of the nutrient water layer is provided with a plurality of upright posts which support the clapboard and bear the gravity of the soil together with the clapboard, the clapboard is provided with a beam, a larger root system hole and a smaller screen-shaped hole, the box wall which is tightly attached to the upper part of the clapboard is provided with an air vent and a self-flowing drain hole, the bottom of the ecological box is provided with an artificial drain hole and a sealable movable muddy water baffle, the opening of the ecological box is provided with a bracket insertion pipe and a nutrient solution injection pipe which are communicated with the water layer, the ecological box is a default type for crop cultivation, one or two sides of the nutrient water layer of the default type ecological box can be designed into a water gallery which is like a balcony exceeding the outer diameter of the soil layer by N centimeters, soil turning tools and machinery are arranged, meanwhile, a part of the default type ecological box is additionally provided with a transparent ventilated arc top heat preservation cover, and electric heating and shallow, and after the seedling raising box is used for raising seedlings and transplanting, the default function is recovered for cultivating crops, or the seedling raising box is converted into a multilayer bean sprout raising box and a multifunctional service box.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the upper part of the ecological box is a deeper soil layer and a shallower nutrient water layer, which can be changed into a separable upper and lower main and auxiliary box mode, namely, the soil layer is changed into a main box, the nutrient water layer is changed into an auxiliary box, the inner diameter of the opening edge of the auxiliary box is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the main box, the main box is embedded into the built-in platform edge of the auxiliary box, the soil layer or the main box is used for cultivating the drought root of the transplanted seedling in advance according to the traditional cultivating mode, the drought root system and the seedling can mutually promote the symbiosis, but the drought root system reaches the stage of flowering and fruiting as an object, the drought root system is often poor in development due to drought, waterlogging and soil hardening, the drought root system absorbs nutrition slowly, the physiological potential of the crop is often not reached, the yield of the crop is restricted, the nutrient water layer or the auxiliary box is used for inducing the nutrient water of the drought root system, and under the assistance of an oxygen supply vent hole at the lower, meanwhile, the soil of the soil layer or the main box is always kept at a proper loose degree, and the development of the drought roots in the loose soil is enhanced, so that the basic conditions of the growth and the yield of the crops are that the root systems are developed or not.
The bottom of the nutrient water layer is provided with a plurality of upright posts for supporting the partition board and bearing the gravity of the soil together with the partition board, the partition board is provided with a plurality of cross beams, if the cross beams are powerful enough, the column feet can also be omitted, the edge of the partition board is placed on a platform edge arranged on the inner wall of the box, if the partition board is in a main box mode and an auxiliary box mode, the partition board is fixedly connected with the lower part of the main box, larger root system holes distributed on the partition board are convenient for guiding main roots of drought roots to enter a nutrient water layer to develop into water roots, the whole partition board is provided with small holes or small gaps which are convenient for bearing the soil and enabling the small concentrated root systems to enter the water layer, the box wall tightly attached to the upper part of the partition board is provided with air vents and self-flowing drain holes, and excessive water can automatically overflow out of the box body, thereby maintaining the water level line of the nutrient water layer, ensuring that the soil layer is not excessively detain, the soil layer is convenient to clean excessive sludge falling from the partition plate holes before beginning of each season or after crops are finished, the bottom edge is also provided with an artificial drain hole, the drainage guide pipe is connected with the bottom edge and hung on the box wall at ordinary times, the guide pipe can be taken down to remove partial waste liquid, the nutrient solution injection pipe is used for supplementing fresh nutrient solution, the default ecological box can be simplified, the partition plate is eliminated, the partition plate is replaced by mixed impurity layers of impurities, bamboo and wood leftover materials, small stones, straws, fermented residue fertilizers and the like, the mixed impurity layers are erected on a plurality of stand columns of a nutrient water layer, then soil is poured into the ecological box, and drought roots can also penetrate through the impurity layers to enter the nutrient water.
The opening edge of the ecological box is provided with a support inserting pipe which provides an inserting position for a support, supports vine crops or supports and installs a sprinkling irrigation pipe, and a nutrient solution injection pipe is directly communicated with the bottom of a nutrient water layer, the nutrient solution can be injected into the nutrient water layer without passing through the soil layer, it is understood that during the growth period of crops, rainwater can often harden the soil, the dry roots are difficult to develop and expand, if the nutrient solution also passes through the soil layer to reach the lower nutrient water layer, the soil can be excessively wet and hardened, meanwhile, the rich water of the soil is sufficiently retained, the drought roots have no physiological requirement of extending downwards, the culture of the water roots loses significance, the soil needs to be properly loosened but the proper sealing of the root system and the soil needs to be kept, the upper layer of soil lacks water and fertilizer, the crops are physiologically hungry and thirsty, under the guidance of water fertilizer and oxygen in the deep part, the drought roots can be expanded to the deep part, and the problems of soil hardening deepening and water fertilizer retention are avoided by the nutrient solution injection pipe.
The main and auxiliary boxes and the support can be used for expanding the planting area, the root systems of some vegetable crops are shallow, and the water roots do not need to be cultured.
One side or the corresponding two sides of the nutrient water layer of the default ecological box is designed to be a balcony-shaped water gallery exceeding the outer diameter of the soil layer by N centimeters, in addition, the height of the opening edge of the water gallery is equal to or slightly higher than the vent hole (the self-flowing drain hole) to ensure the function of the normal nutrient solution water level line, the mode can cancel a nutrient solution injection pipe arranged on the opening edge of the box body, the nutrient solution is directly injected into the nutrient water layer of the water gallery, the water gallery is communicated with the nutrient water layer at the bottom of the box, the design is that the nutrient water layer and the water roots can also receive light and sufficient oxygen, so that the water roots grow more fertile, the crop productivity is increased, although the mode occupies a certain floor area for arranging the ecological box, more space is provided for the vines of the seedlings, if the mode is the main and auxiliary tanks, the water gallery can be formed by only increasing the length of one auxiliary tank corresponding to two sides.
The partial default ecological box is additionally provided with a transparent ventilating arc top heat preservation cover, an electric heating and seedling raising tray and the like to form the seedling raising box which is convenient for centralized temperature control, moisture preservation, germination acceleration, lighting, heat preservation and seedling raising in early spring, crops can be cultivated by recovering the default function after seedling raising or can be converted into a multilayer bean sprout box and a cross-border multifunctional service box, the default ecological box is changed into an electric heating layer from a nutrition water layer, namely, a power supply jack is arranged on the wall of the electric heating layer, the jack is externally connected with an electric heating adjusting switch to increase the temperature and accelerate germination, if only used for seedling raising, only one layer of seedling raising tray is placed above the seedling raising tray, a small hole is arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising tray to facilitate ventilation and heat penetration, the soil gravity of the seedling raising tray is supported by a cross beam, small lattices which can be large or small are densely distributed in the seedling raising tray, the purpose of transplanting various raised seedlings with soil lattices, the seedling cultivation box is transparent, convenient for heat preservation, capable of collecting sunlight, lighting and heating, capable of photosynthesis to enable the seedlings to grow robustly and convenient for heat preservation and moisture preservation of the tall seedlings, and capable of providing enough oxygen for seed buds and seedlings in a micro-quantity mode due to the fact that small holes are formed in the bottom edge and the top of the heat preservation cover, sealed hygrothermograph insertion holes are formed, arc-top-shaped cover tops enable steam and water to be condensed into water flow, water can drip on the seedlings when the seedlings flow into box walls along the periphery instead of flat covers, the seedlings are transplanted to other ecological boxes when the seedlings reach the height of the contact cover tops, the life of the seedling cultivation box is completed, then a default ecological box can be recovered to cultivate crops, the seedling cultivation box can be converted into a bean sprout cultivation box, a shallow tray is placed in the box additionally, water outlet holes can be closed, the aquatic product cultivation box can be used as a temporary spleen cultivation box (a honeycomb is embedded under a beam at the bottom of the shallow tray, a honeycomb is embedded under, The water-absorbing foam board is added above the shallow basin, the movable mud-water baffle at the bottom of the shallow basin is opened to form a beekeeping box with a bee door and other measures), and the multifunctional service box can also be used as a seed storage box, a vegetable preservation box, a pesticide and fertilizer storage or disinfection and insect killing seal box, a fermentation box for retting organic fertilizer, a drying and moisture-proof box and other multifunctional service boxes.
The tray of growing seedlings in densely covered little check that can be big or small, the seedling area check earth of various growths of being convenient for is transplanted, indicate tray four directions wall of growing seedlings has a lot of vertical slots, the slot cross insertion longitudinal or horizontal separation strip of being convenient for to separate several slots or not, form little check of growing seedlings that can be big or small, it is to be noted: if insert the slot lower extreme with its horizontal separation rectangular unification, then vertical separation rectangular just should unify to insert the slot upper end, soil is filled up to the moderate degree again, form crisscross rectangular soil of separation from top to bottom, when needs transplant the seedling, when cutting upper rectangular soil with spades or knife, just in time be the crisscross rectangular separation strip in below, thus, both can divide and establish required big or small check with soil, the upper and lower check soil area soil that can conveniently cut the seedling is transplanted again, also can slightly consolidate the soil of whole shallow dish of growing seedlings, then cut the groove on earth, notch embedding bamboo wood or plastic sheet etc. parting strip, divide into rectangular soil, extract the parting strip before transplanting the seedling, reuse knife cuts off rectangular soil according to the distance, area soil is transplanted.
The soil loosening and turning tool and the machine thereof are inverted umbrella-shaped barb-shaped soil loosening and inserting hooks, the tips of the inverted umbrella-shaped barb-shaped soil loosening and inserting hooks are connected with a plurality of umbrella-shaped barbs to be inserted into deep soil, the inverted umbrella-shaped barb-shaped soil loosening and inserting hooks are slightly rotated and then lifted, soil is loosened, a small number of cultivators loosen soil at the edges of crops, manual inserting hooks and pressure handles can be adopted, and large-scale producers can assemble a plurality of inserting hooks on a machine disc by turning soil, and the inserting hooks are inserted, rotated, lifted, shaken off or inserted and lifted again by a motor, so that the soil loosening and turning effect is achieved.
The design idea of the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, the soil layer with a deeper upper part and the nutrient water layer with a shallower lower part of the ecological box are used for guiding the soil root system to enter the nutrient solution for culturing water to take root, so that the double root systems of the crops can fully develop the maximization of the physiological and ecological capacity of the crops; and the small environment of the ecological box is used for controlling the temperature and raising the seedlings; the characteristics of no leakage, less evaporation, waterlogging prevention and drought prevention of the ecological box are utilized to expand a wide area which cannot be utilized before agricultural production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a design drawing of the large-scale default ecological box of the invention after being additionally provided with a water gallery.
FIG. 2 is a design drawing of a nursery box with a locally modified default ecological box.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1: the soil layer 1 with deeper upper part and the nutrient water layer 2 with shallower lower part are a complete box body, which is divided into an upper area and a lower area by a clapboard 3, the edge of the clapboard is arranged on the table edge 8 of the inner wall of the box, the clapboard is provided with a cross beam 13 which is crossed vertically and horizontally and a column foot 16 which is arranged below the cross beam to support the gravity of the soil layer, the space of the clapboard is distributed with a sieve-shaped small hole 15 and a larger root system hole 14, which is convenient for the main root of the crop to enter the nutrient water layer to develop into a water root, the box edge 4 is provided with a bracket inserting pipe 5 and a nutrient liquid injecting pipe 6, which is convenient for injecting nutrient liquid into the nutrient water layer, the nutrient water layer can be designed to exceed one side or two sides of the outer diameter of the box body, which is convenient for lighting of the nutrient water layer and the water root and absorption of oxygen, if the water corridor 7 is adopted, the nutrient liquid injecting pipe 6 can be cancelled, the nutrient liquid can be directly, the bottom of the nutrient water layer is also provided with an artificial drainage hole 10, a guide pipe is connected to be hung on a hook 11 of the box wall, a part of waste liquid is removed and removed when needed, new nutrient solution is supplemented, 12 is an impermeable mud water baffle, and before or after the beginning of each season, the mud water baffle is opened to remove excessive sludge falling from the soil layer.
As shown in fig. 2: the wall of the nutrition water layer is provided with a power supply jack 21, trays 22, 23A and 23B for cultivating bean sprouts are preset in the box and are seedling cultivation trays, a transparent cover 17 is covered during seedling cultivation to facilitate lighting and heat preservation, the lower edge of the cover and the center of the top of the cover are provided with vent holes 19+18 so as to generate high-low convection to provide oxygen for accelerating germination and seedling cultivation, and a hygrothermograph jack 20 is arranged. After seedling raising and transplanting are finished, all trays and electric hot water boxes are cancelled, and crops are cultivated by recovering the default functions. Or the bottom power supply 21 can be switched on, the trays 22 and (23A +23B) preset in the box are used for cultivating bean sprouts, and 24 is the bottom of the seedling tray. This seedling raising box still possesses for multi-functional service box.
Claims (9)
1. A multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological breeding box and an application method thereof comprise a double-root ecological breeding box and a seedling box added with additional part development, and are respectively suitable for the cultivation in the growth period after the transplanting of crops with the characteristics of aquatic and upland double roots and the temperature-controlled germination and seedling in the early stage, and are characterized in that: the upper part of the ecological box is a deeper soil layer and a shallower nutrient water layer at the lower part, the bottom of the nutrient water layer is provided with a plurality of upright posts which support the clapboard and bear the gravity of the soil together with the clapboard, the clapboard is provided with a beam, a larger root system hole and a smaller screen-shaped hole, the box wall which is tightly attached to the upper part of the clapboard is provided with an air vent and a self-flowing drain hole, the bottom of the ecological box is provided with an artificial drain hole and a sealable movable muddy water baffle, the opening of the ecological box is provided with a bracket insertion pipe and a nutrient solution injection pipe which are communicated with the water layer, the ecological box is a default type for crop cultivation, one or two sides of the nutrient water layer of the default type ecological box can be designed into a water gallery which is like a balcony exceeding the outer diameter of the soil layer by N centimeters, soil turning tools and machinery are arranged, meanwhile, a part of the default type ecological box is additionally provided with a transparent ventilated arc top heat preservation cover, and electric heating and shallow, and after the seedling raising box is used for raising seedlings and transplanting, the default function is recovered for cultivating crops, or the seedling raising box is converted into a multilayer bean sprout raising box and a cross-border multifunctional service box.
2. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the upper part of the ecological box is a deeper soil layer and a shallower nutrient water layer at the lower part, which can be changed into a separable upper and lower main and auxiliary box mode, namely, the soil layer is changed into a main box, the nutrient water layer is changed into an auxiliary box, the inner diameter of the edge of the auxiliary box is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the main box, the main box is embedded into the built-in platform edge of the auxiliary box, the soil layer or the main box is used for cultivating and transplanting the drought root of the seedling in advance according to the traditional cultivating mode, the drought root system can promote the symbiosis with the seedling, but the drought root system can not grow well when being used as an object to achieve the stage of blooming and fruiting, the drought root system is often poor because of drought, waterlogging and soil hardening, the nutrition absorbed by the drought root is slow, the physiological potential of the crop can not be achieved, the yield of the crop is restricted, the nutrient water layer or the auxiliary box is used for inducing nutrient moisture of the drought root system, under the assistance of an, meanwhile, the soil of the soil layer or the main box is always kept at a proper loose degree, and the development of the drought roots in the loose soil is enhanced, so that the basic conditions of the growth and the yield of the crops are that the root systems are developed or not.
3. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the bottom of the nutrient water layer is provided with a plurality of upright posts for supporting the partition board and bearing the gravity of the soil together with the partition board, the partition board is provided with a plurality of cross beams, if the cross beams are powerful enough, the column feet can also be omitted, the edge of the partition board is placed on a platform edge arranged on the inner wall of the box, if the partition board is in a main box mode and an auxiliary box mode, the partition board is fixedly connected with the lower part of the main box, larger root system holes distributed on the partition board are convenient for guiding main roots of drought roots to enter a nutrient water layer to develop into water roots, the whole partition board is provided with small holes or small gaps which are convenient for bearing the soil and enabling the small concentrated root systems to enter the water layer, the box wall tightly attached to the upper part of the partition board is provided with air vents and self-flowing drain holes, and excessive water can automatically overflow out of the box body, thereby maintaining the water level line of the nutrient water layer, ensuring that the soil layer is not excessively detain, the soil layer is convenient to clean excessive sludge falling from the partition plate holes before beginning of each season or after crops are finished, the bottom edge is also provided with an artificial drain hole, the drainage guide pipe is connected with the bottom edge and hung on the box wall at ordinary times, the guide pipe can be taken down to remove partial waste liquid, the nutrient solution injection pipe is used for supplementing fresh nutrient solution, the default ecological box can be simplified, the partition plate is eliminated, the partition plate is replaced by mixed impurity layers of impurities, bamboo and wood leftover materials, small stones, straws, fermented residue fertilizers and the like, the mixed impurity layers are erected on a plurality of stand columns of a nutrient water layer, then soil is poured into the ecological box, and drought roots can also penetrate through the impurity layers to enter the nutrient water.
4. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the opening edge of the ecological box is provided with a support inserting pipe which provides an inserting position for a support, supports vine crops or supports and installs a sprinkling irrigation pipe, and a nutrient solution injection pipe is directly communicated with the bottom of a nutrient water layer, the nutrient solution can be injected into the nutrient water layer without passing through the soil layer, it is understood that during the growth period of crops, rainwater can often harden the soil, the dry roots are difficult to develop and expand, if the nutrient solution also passes through the soil layer to reach the lower nutrient water layer, the soil can be excessively wet and hardened, meanwhile, the rich water of the soil is sufficiently retained, the drought roots have no physiological requirement of extending downwards, the culture of the water roots loses significance, the soil needs to be properly loosened but the proper sealing of the root system and the soil needs to be kept, the upper layer of soil lacks water and fertilizer, the crops are physiologically hungry and thirsty, under the guidance of water fertilizer and oxygen in the deep part, the drought roots can be expanded to the deep part, and the problems of soil hardening deepening and water fertilizer retention are avoided by the nutrient solution injection pipe.
5. The multifunctional aquaponic and upland double-root system cultivation ecological box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the ecological box comprises: the main box, the auxiliary box and the support can be used for expanding the planting area, the root systems of some vegetable crops are shallow, and the water roots do not need to be cultured.
6. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: one side or the corresponding two sides of the nutrient water layer of the default ecological box is designed to be a balcony-shaped water gallery exceeding the soil layer or the outer diameter of the main box by N centimeters, in addition, the height of the edge of the protruding part 'water gallery' is equal to or slightly higher than the vent hole (self-flowing drain hole) to ensure the function of the normal nutrient solution water level line, the mode can cancel a nutrient solution injection pipe arranged at the edge of the box body, and nutrient solution is directly filled into the 'water gallery' nutrient water layer, the 'water gallery' is communicated with the nutrient water layer at the bottom of the box body, the design is that the nutrient water layer and the water roots can also receive light and sufficient oxygen, so that the water roots grow more fertile, the crop productivity is increased, although the mode occupies a certain floor area for arranging the ecological box, more space is provided for the vines of the seedlings, if the mode is the main and auxiliary tank mode, the water gallery can be formed by only increasing the length of the auxiliary tank corresponding to two parts.
7. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the partial default ecological box is additionally provided with a transparent ventilating arc top heat preservation cover, an electric heating and seedling raising tray and the like to form the seedling raising box which is convenient for centralized temperature control, moisture preservation, germination acceleration, lighting, heat preservation and seedling raising in early spring, crops can be cultivated by restoring the default function after seedling raising or can be converted into a multilayer bean sprout box and a cross-border multifunctional service box, the default ecological box is changed into an electric heating layer from a nutrition water layer, namely, a power supply jack is arranged on the wall of the electric heating layer, the jack is externally connected with an electric heating adjusting switch to increase the temperature and accelerate germination, the tray can be preset in the box, if only used for seedling raising, only one layer of seedling raising tray is placed above the box, the bottom of the seedling raising tray is provided with small holes to facilitate ventilation and heat penetration, a beam supports the soil gravity of the seedling raising tray, small lattices which can be large or small are densely distributed in the seedling raising tray to facilitate the transplanting of various raised seedlings with lattices, the aim of, the seedling cultivation box is transparent, convenient for heat preservation, capable of collecting sunlight, lighting and heating, capable of performing photosynthesis to enable the seedlings to grow robustly and convenient for heat preservation and moisture preservation of the tall seedlings, and capable of providing enough oxygen for the seed buds and the seedlings by forming micro air high-low convection through small holes in the bottom edge and the top of the heat preservation cover, and provided with sealed hygrothermograph insertion holes, the arc-top cover top is convenient for steam and water to be condensed into water flow, the water flows into the box wall along the periphery instead of a flat cover to drop on the seedlings, when the seedlings reach the contact cover top height, the seedlings are transplanted to other ecological boxes, the life of the seedling cultivation box is completed, and then a default ecological box can be recovered to cultivate crops, or a shallow plate can be placed in the box to be converted into a bean sprout cultivation box, water outlet holes can be closed to form an aquaculture box, and the seedling cultivation box can be used as a temporary spleen-honey-taking box (a honeycomb is embedded under a beam of the seedling cultivation shallow plate, The water-absorbing foam board is added above the tray, the movable mud-water baffle at the bottom of the tray is opened to form a beekeeping box with a bee door and other measures), and the multifunctional service box can also be used as a seed storage box, a vegetable preservation box, a pesticide and fertilizer storage or disinfection and insect killing sealing box, a fermentation box for retting organic fertilizer, a drying and damp-proof box and the like.
8. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the tray of growing seedlings in densely covered little check that can be big or small, the seedling area check earth of various growths of being convenient for is transplanted, indicate tray four directions wall of growing seedlings has a lot of vertical slots, the slot cross insertion longitudinal or horizontal separation strip of being convenient for to separate several slots or not, form little check of growing seedlings that can be big or small, it is to be noted: if insert the slot lower extreme with its horizontal separation rectangular unification, then vertical separation rectangular just should unify to insert the slot upper end, soil is filled up to the moderate degree again, form crisscross rectangular soil of separation from top to bottom, when needs transplant the seedling, when cutting upper rectangular soil with spades or knife, just in time be the crisscross rectangular separation strip in below, thus, both can divide and establish required big or small check with soil, the upper and lower check soil area soil that can conveniently cut the seedling is transplanted again, also can slightly consolidate the soil of whole shallow dish of growing seedlings, then cut the groove on earth, notch embedding bamboo wood or plastic sheet etc. parting strip, divide into rectangular soil, extract the parting strip before transplanting the seedling, reuse knife cuts off rectangular soil according to the distance, area soil is transplanted.
9. The multifunctional aquatic-upland double-root system ecological cultivation box and the application method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ecological cultivation box comprises: the soil loosening and turning tool and the machine are inverted umbrella-shaped soil loosening and inserting hooks, the tips of the inverted umbrella-shaped soil loosening and inserting hooks are connected with a plurality of umbrella-shaped barbs to be inserted into deep soil, the inverted umbrella-shaped soil loosening and turning tool and the machine are slightly rotated and then lifted, soil is loosened, a small number of cultivators loosen soil at the edges of crops, manual inserting hooks and pressure handles can be adopted, and large-scale producers can assemble a plurality of inserting hooks on a machine disc by turning soil, and the inserting hooks are inserted, rotated, lifted, shaken off or inserted and lifted again by a motor, so that the soil loosening and turning effect is achieved.
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| CN202010615785.9A CN111657013A (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Multifunctional paddy-upland double-root system cultivation ecological box and application method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113331015A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-03 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Method and equipment for cultivating four-year-old Luoyang red peony |
| CN114766346A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-22 | 汪光启 | Vegetable seedling hydroponic device for agricultural planting |
| CN115152511A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-11 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Rapid identification method for heterogenous double-root inarching stock for cultivating coffee in continuous cropping stress |
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Application publication date: 20200915 |