CN111648715B

CN111648715B - A cat ladder for building outer wall climbing usefulness

Info

Publication number: CN111648715B
Application number: CN202010661546.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 楼和根
Original assignee: Yan Xiaoteng; Anhui Guanzong Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Guanzong Construction Co.,Ltd.; Yan xiaoteng
Priority date: 2020-07-10
Filing date: 2020-07-10
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-10
Also published as: CN111648715A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ladders, and particularly relates to a ladder for climbing an outer wall of a building, which comprises a ladder body and mounting rods, wherein the ladder body is mounted on a wall body through the mounting rods which are uniformly distributed from top to bottom; according to the ladder stand designed by the invention, if a climber falls down carelessly in the climbing process, the corresponding ladder frame loses the pressure applied by the climber, moves upwards under the action of the corresponding return spring, and drives the limiting rod to move upwards on the ladder frame, so that the limiting rod relieves the limit of the corresponding limiting clamping plate, and the corresponding anti-falling semicircular plate swings downwards and is matched with the lower end of the guardrail in the corresponding ladder stand unit; the protection effect is achieved for the person falling down. If the people who fall can not oneself stand up, just this moment need someone climb to the downside that prevents falling the semicircle board after triggering from the downside, open and prevent falling the semicircle board, then climb from the pendulum board department after opening, the people that will fall are rescued out.

Description

A cat ladder for building outer wall climbing usefulness

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crawling ladders, and particularly relates to a crawling ladder for climbing an outer wall of a building.

Background

The existing ladder stand is used for an outer wall of a building, so that personnel can conveniently go to a roof; considering the safety, a semicircular guardrail is added around the ladder stand; the safety is further considered, a safety belt needs to be worn, but the safety belt is worn in a subjective behavior, so that the safety belt is not worn; in case of climbing, people fall off due to the phenomenon of hand slip or foot slip; in this case, the fence alone is not enough to prevent the falling of the person, which may cause a safety accident; therefore, it is necessary to design a ladder for protecting personnel from visitation.

The invention designs a ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building, which solves the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a ladder stand for climbing an outer wall of a building, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A ladder stand for climbing outer walls of buildings comprises a ladder stand body and mounting rods, wherein the ladder stand body is mounted on a wall body through the mounting rods which are uniformly distributed from top to bottom; the method is characterized in that: the ladder stand body consists of handrails, a first ladder stand unit, a second ladder stand unit, a third ladder stand unit and a fourth ladder stand unit, wherein the upper ends of the handrails are fixedly arranged on the upper side of a roof; the first ladder climbing unit is slidably arranged on one side of the wall body and is positioned on the lower side of the handrail; the second ladder climbing units are uniformly arranged on one side of the wall body in a sliding mode from top to bottom and are positioned on the lower side of the first ladder climbing units; the two third ladder stand units are uniformly arranged on one side of the wall body in a sliding mode up and down and are positioned on the lower side of the second ladder stand unit on the lowest side; the fourth ladder stand unit is fixedly arranged on one side of the wall body and is positioned on the lower side of the third ladder stand unit on the lower side; gaps are formed among the adjacent ladder climbing units in the first ladder climbing unit, the second ladder climbing unit, the third ladder climbing unit and the fourth ladder climbing unit.

The fourth ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, wherein the ladder frame is fixedly arranged on one side of the wall body through two symmetrically distributed mounting rods.

The third ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail, an anti-falling semicircular plate, a transmission mechanism and a second trigger mechanism, wherein the ladder frame is slidably mounted on one side of the wall body through two symmetrically distributed mounting rods, a reset spring is mounted between the ladder frame and the wall body, the guardrail is fixedly mounted on one side of the ladder frame away from the wall body, the anti-falling semicircular plate is mounted at the lower end of the ladder frame in a swinging mode, and the anti-falling semicircular plate is matched with the guardrail; the transmission mechanism is arranged on one side of the ladder frame and matched with the anti-falling semicircular plate; two limiting clamping plates are symmetrically arranged at the hinged end of the anti-falling semicircular plate and the ladder frame; the second trigger mechanism is arranged on the step surface at the uppermost end of the ladder frame.

The second ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail, an anti-falling semicircular plate, a transmission mechanism, a first trigger mechanism and a second trigger mechanism, wherein the mounting modes of the ladder frame, the guardrail, the anti-falling semicircular plate, the transmission mechanism and the second trigger mechanism are completely the same as the mounting modes of the ladder frame, the guardrail, the anti-falling semicircular plate, the transmission mechanism and the second trigger mechanism in the third ladder stand unit; the first trigger mechanism is arranged on the step surface at the lowest end of the ladder frame.

The first ladder climbing unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail and a first triggering mechanism, wherein the ladder frame and the guardrail in the second ladder climbing unit are arranged in the same way as the ladder frame and the guardrail in the first ladder climbing unit; two first trigger mechanisms are respectively arranged on the step surfaces of the uppermost end and the lowermost end of the ladder frame.

The transmission mechanism comprises an installation ring sleeve, a volute spiral spring, an installation shell and an installation rotating shaft, wherein the installation shell is fixedly installed on one side of the wall body; the limiting wheel is installed at the other end of the installation rotating shaft through the second one-way clutch, and the inner ring of the second one-way clutch is fixedly connected with the installation ring sleeve through the connecting sleeve.

The first trigger mechanism comprises a first trigger block and a second plate spring, wherein the first trigger block is slidably mounted on the ladder frame, and the second plate springs are uniformly distributed between the first trigger block and the ladder frame; the first trigger block moves downwards relative to the ladder frame and can control whether the limiting wheels in the ladder climbing units on the next layer rotate for limiting or not through transmission.

The second trigger mechanism comprises a second trigger block and a first plate spring, wherein the second trigger block is slidably mounted on the ladder frame, and the first plate springs are uniformly distributed between the second trigger block and the ladder frame; the second trigger block moves downwards relative to the ladder frame and can control whether the limiting wheels in the ladder climbing unit rotate for limiting or not through transmission.

One end of the anti-falling semicircular plate is hinged to the mounting rotating shaft.

Two limiting rods are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit respectively, and the limiting rods are matched with a limiting clamping plate in the lower ladder climbing unit; the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit are respectively and fixedly provided with racks, and the racks drive the mounting ring sleeves in the lower ladder climbing unit to rotate through gear transmission.

As a further improvement of the technology, a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves are uniformly formed in the upper part and the lower part of one side of the wall body, and two limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged in each sliding groove; two mounting rods are symmetrically mounted on one side of a ladder frame in the first ladder stand unit, the second ladder stand unit and the third ladder stand unit, one end, far away from the ladder frame, of each mounting rod is of a T-shaped structure, the ladder frame is mounted on one side of a wall body through up-down sliding fit of the two mounting rods and the sliding grooves, and the mounting rods are matched with the two corresponding limiting blocks; one end of the reset spring is fixedly installed on the installation rod, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the corresponding sliding groove.

As a further improvement of the technology, the step surface at the lowest end of the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit is provided with a first mounting groove for the sliding of a first trigger block in a first trigger mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit; a first mounting groove for a first trigger block in a first starting mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit to slide is formed in the step surface at the uppermost end of the first ladder climbing unit. And a second mounting groove for a second trigger block in a second trigger mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit to slide is formed in the step surface at the uppermost end of the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit.

As a further improvement of the technology, the transmission mechanism further comprises a limiting shell, a limiting clamping block, a gear, a return spring, a first one-way clutch, a second pull rope sleeve, a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope sleeve, wherein the gear is rotatably arranged on the mounting rotating shaft; the second mounting ring is mounted at one end of the gear; the first mounting ring is mounted at one end of the mounting ring sleeve, and the second mounting ring is connected with the first mounting ring through a first one-way clutch; a clamping groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the limiting wheel, the limiting shell is fixedly installed in the installation shell, one end of the limiting fixture block is installed in the limiting shell in a sliding mode, and a return spring is installed between one end, located in the limiting shell, of the limiting fixture block and the inner end face of the limiting shell; the other end of the limiting clamping block is matched with a clamping groove on the limiting wheel; one end of the second pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell, one end of the second pull rope is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block, and the other end of the second pull rope penetrates through the limiting shell and is nested in the second pull rope sleeve; one end of the fourth pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell, one end of the third pull rope is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block, and the other end of the third pull rope penetrates through the limiting shell and is nested in the fourth pull rope sleeve.

Racks are fixedly arranged on the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit respectively, and the racks are meshed with the gears in the lower ladder climbing unit.

The first trigger mechanism further comprises a first pull rope and a first pull rope sleeve, wherein one end of the first pull rope is fixedly arranged on the first trigger block, and one end of the first pull rope, which is far away from the first trigger block, penetrates out of the frame body; one end of the first pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the first pull rope penetrating through the frame body is nested in the first pull rope sleeve; the first pull rope sleeve is fixedly connected with the second pull rope sleeve which is arranged at one layer away from the first pull rope sleeve and is positioned in the ladder climbing unit on the lower side of the first pull rope sleeve, and the first pull rope is fixedly connected with the second pull rope which is arranged at one layer away from the first pull rope sleeve and is positioned in the ladder climbing unit on the lower side of the first pull rope sleeve.

The second trigger mechanism further comprises a fifth pull rope and a third pull rope sleeve, wherein one end of the fifth pull rope is fixedly arranged on the second trigger block, and one end of the fifth pull rope, which is far away from the second trigger block, penetrates out of the outer side of the frame body; one end of the third pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the fifth pull rope penetrating through the frame body is nested in the third pull rope sleeve; the third pull rope sleeve is fixedly connected with the fourth pull rope sleeve in the layer of ladder climbing unit, and the fifth pull rope is fixedly connected with the third pull rope in the layer of ladder climbing unit.

As a further improvement of the technology, the anti-falling semicircular plate is of a frame structure, a swing plate is arranged at the middle position of the anti-falling semicircular plate in a swinging mode, and the swing plate is positioned at one hinged end of the anti-falling semicircular plate and is connected through two symmetrically distributed buckles which can be opened in a rotating mode; the anti-falling semicircular plate is symmetrically provided with two limiting plates close to one end of the installation rotating shaft.

As a further improvement of the technology, one end of the limiting clamping plate, which is far away from the corresponding anti-falling semicircular plate, is provided with an inclined plane.

As a further improvement of the technology, the lower ends of the ladder frames in the second ladder stand unit and the third ladder stand unit are provided with two spacing cardboard swinging avoiding grooves which are symmetrically distributed and are used for being arranged on the anti-falling semicircular plate in the ladder stand unit.

As a further improvement of the technology, a second guide wheel which plays a role of guiding a first pull rope in a first trigger mechanism in the ladder climbing unit is arranged on the ladder frame in the first ladder climbing unit, the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit; and a first guide wheel which plays a role in guiding a fifth pull rope in a second trigger mechanism in the ladder climbing unit is arranged on the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit, the third ladder climbing unit and the fourth ladder climbing unit.

As a further improvement of the technology, the mounting shell in the transmission mechanism is provided with a shaft hole for the second pull rope sleeve to pass through and the fourth pull rope to pass through; the mounting shell in the transmission mechanism is provided with a square opening for the rack to penetrate through.

As a further improvement of the present technology, a third guide wheel for guiding the third rope is installed in the mounting shell of the transmission mechanism.

Compared with the traditional ladder climbing technology, the ladder has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the ladder stand designed by the invention, if a climber falls down carelessly in the climbing process, the corresponding ladder frame loses the pressure applied by the climber, moves upwards under the action of the corresponding return spring, and drives the limiting rod to move upwards on the ladder frame, so that the limiting rod relieves the limit of the corresponding limiting clamping plate, and the corresponding anti-falling semicircular plate swings downwards and is matched with the lower end of the guardrail in the corresponding ladder stand unit; the protection effect is achieved for the person falling down.

2. According to the invention, the swing plate is arranged on the anti-falling semicircular plate, when a person falls down carelessly, the anti-falling semicircular plate in the ladder stand unit at the next layer is triggered to swing to a horizontal state, so that the post falls down, but if the falling person cannot stand by himself, the person needs to climb from the lower side to the lower side of the triggered anti-falling semicircular plate, the falling person is pushed away from the upper side of the swing plate from the upper gap of the anti-falling semicircular plate, then the buckle is rotated from the lower side to open the buckle, and then the buckle climbs up from the opened swing plate to rescue the falling person; if the fallen person can stand by himself, the buckle is opened from the top, the swinging plate is opened, and then the person goes down from the swinging plate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a wall structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a ladder stand structure.

Figure 4 is a schematic view of the fourth ladder stand unit construction.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the third ladder stand unit construction.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the second ladder stand unit construction.

Figure 7 is a schematic view of the first ladder stand unit construction.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the second trigger mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the first trigger mechanism.

Figure 10 is a schematic view of a ladder body structure.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the transmission installation.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the anti-falling semicircular plate.

Fig. 13 is an external view of the transmission mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting case.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the transmission mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the second and third cords being installed.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the installation of the limiting wheel, the installation ring sleeve and the gear.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a wall body; 2. a ladder body; 3. a chute; 4. a limiting block; 5. a handrail; 6. a first ladder climbing unit; 7. a second ladder climbing unit; 8. a third ladder climbing unit; 9. a fourth ladder unit; 10. a second mounting groove; 11. mounting a rod; 12. a return spring; 13. a fall-resistant semicircular plate; 14. a first trigger mechanism; 15. fixing the rod; 16. a second trigger mechanism; 17. a third pull rope sleeve; 18. a fifth draw cord; 19. a first guide wheel; 20. a first trigger block; 21. a second guide wheel; 22. a first pull rope sleeve; 23. a first pull cord; 24. a guardrail; 25. an avoidance groove; 26. a first mounting groove; 27. a limiting rod; 28. a limiting clamping plate; 29. a transmission mechanism; 30. a rack; 31. a limiting plate; 32. buckling; 33. a swinging plate; 34. a bevel; 35. mounting a shell; 36. a shaft hole; 37. a square opening; 38. a second pull cord; 39. a second pull rope sleeve; 40. a third pull cord; 41. a third guide wheel; 42. a limiting shell; 43. a limiting clamping block; 44. installing a rotating shaft; 45. a limiting wheel; 46. installing a ring sleeve; 47. a gear; 48. a return spring; 49. a first one-way clutch; 50. a volute spiral spring; 51. a card slot; 52. a second one-way clutch; 53. a second mounting groove; 54. a second plate spring; 55. a ladder frame; 56. a roof; 57. connecting sleeves; 58. a fourth pull cord; 59. a first connecting ring; 60. a second connection ring; 61. a second trigger block; 62. a fourth pull rope sleeve; 63. a first leaf spring.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, it comprises a ladder body 2 and a mounting rod 11, wherein as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the ladder body 2 is mounted on a wall 1 through a plurality of mounting rods 11 which are uniformly distributed from top to bottom; the method is characterized in that: as shown in fig. 3, the ladder body 2 is composed of a handrail 5, a first ladder unit 6, a second ladder unit 7, a third ladder unit 8 and a fourth ladder unit 9, and as shown in fig. 1 and 7, the upper end of the handrail 5 is fixedly installed on the upper side of a roof 56; as shown in fig. 3, the first ladder unit 6 is slidably mounted on one side of the wall 1 and on the underside of the handrail 5; a plurality of second ladder climbing units 7 are evenly and slidably arranged on one side of the wall body 1 from top to bottom and are positioned on the lower side of the first ladder climbing unit 6; the two third ladder climbing units 8 are arranged on one side of the wall body 1 in a sliding mode and are positioned on the lower side of the second ladder climbing unit 7 on the lowest side; the fourth ladder climbing unit 9 is fixedly arranged on one side of the wall body 1 and is positioned on the lower side of the third ladder climbing unit 8; gaps are arranged among the adjacent ladder climbing units in the first ladder climbing unit 6, the second ladder climbing unit 7, the third ladder climbing unit 8 and the fourth ladder climbing unit 9.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the fourth ladder unit 9 comprises a ladder frame 55, wherein the ladder frame 55 is fixedly mounted on one side of the wall 1 by means of two symmetrically arranged mounting bars 11.

As shown in fig. 5, the third ladder unit 8 includes a ladder frame 55, a guardrail 24, an anti-falling semicircular plate 13, a transmission mechanism 29, and a second trigger mechanism 16, wherein the ladder frame 55 is slidably mounted on one side of the wall 1 through two symmetrically distributed mounting rods 11, a return spring 12 is mounted between the ladder frame 55 and the wall 1, the guardrail 24 is fixedly mounted on one side of the ladder frame 55 away from the wall 1, the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is swingably mounted at the lower end of the ladder frame 55, and the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is matched with the guardrail 24; the transmission mechanism 29 is arranged on one side of the ladder frame 55, and the transmission mechanism 29 is matched with the anti-falling semicircular plate 13; two limiting clamping plates 28 are symmetrically arranged at the hinged end of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 and the ladder frame 55; the second trigger mechanism 16 is mounted on the uppermost step surface of the ladder frame 55.

The anti-falling semicircular plate 13 designed by the invention is vertically upward and clings to the corresponding ladder frame 55 under the condition that the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is not triggered initially, and because the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 designed by the invention is of a frame structure, a climber can step on a cross beam of the ladder frame 55 through a frame gap on the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 after clinging to the ladder frame 55 vertically; the climbing of the climber can not be influenced.

As shown in fig. 6, the second ladder stand unit 7 comprises a ladder frame 55, a guardrail 24, a fall-preventing semicircular plate 13, a transmission mechanism 29, a first trigger mechanism 14 and a second trigger mechanism 16, wherein the ladder frame 55, the guardrail 24, the fall-preventing semicircular plate 13, the transmission mechanism 29 and the second trigger mechanism 16 are installed in the same way as the ladder frame 55, the guardrail 24, the fall-preventing semicircular plate 13, the transmission mechanism 29 and the second trigger mechanism 16 in the third ladder stand unit 8; the first trigger mechanism 14 is mounted on the stepped surface of the lowermost end of the ladder frame 55.

As shown in fig. 7, the first ladder climbing unit 6 comprises a ladder frame 55, a guardrail 24 and a first triggering mechanism 14, wherein the ladder frame 55 and the guardrail 24 are mounted in the same way as the ladder frame 55 and the guardrail 24 in the second ladder climbing unit 7; the first trigger mechanism 14 is mounted on the uppermost step surface of the ladder frame 55.

As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 17, the transmission mechanism 29 includes a mounting collar 46, a spiral spring 50, a mounting shell 35, and a mounting shaft 44, wherein the mounting shell 35 is fixedly mounted on one side of the wall 1, one end of the mounting shaft 44 is rotatably mounted on the mounting shell 35, the mounting collar 46 is rotatably mounted on one end of the mounting shaft 44, and the spiral spring 50 is mounted between the mounting collar 46 and the mounting shaft 44; the limiting wheel 45 is installed at the other end of the installation rotating shaft 44 through the second one-way clutch 52, and the inner ring of the second one-way clutch 52 is fixedly connected with the installation ring sleeve 46 through a connecting sleeve 57.

As shown in fig. 9, the first triggering mechanism 14 includes a first triggering block 20 and a second leaf spring 54, wherein the first triggering block 20 is slidably mounted on a ladder frame 55, and the second leaf springs 54 are uniformly distributed between the first triggering block 20 and the ladder frame 55; the first trigger block 20 moves downwards relative to the ladder frame 55 to control whether the limiting wheel 45 in the ladder climbing unit of the next layer is limited in rotation or not through transmission.

As shown in fig. 8, the second triggering mechanism 16 includes a second triggering block 61 and a first plate spring 63, wherein the second triggering block 61 is slidably mounted on the ladder frame 55, and the first plate springs 63 are uniformly distributed between the second triggering block 61 and the ladder frame 55; the second trigger block 61 moves downwards relative to the ladder frame 55 to control whether the limiting wheel 45 in the ladder climbing unit rotates for limiting or not through transmission.

When the first trigger block 20 moves relative to the corresponding ladder frame 55, the first trigger block 20 can pull the corresponding first pull rope 23 to slide relative to the first pull rope sleeve 22; the first pulling rope 23 moves to pull the second pulling rope 38 to move, and the second pulling rope 38 moves to pull the corresponding limiting clamping block 43 to move; the second leaf spring 54 acts to reset the first trigger mass 20. In the present invention, when the first trigger block 20 moves along with the corresponding ladder frame 55, the first rope 23 does not slide relative to the first rope sleeve 22 because one end of the first rope sleeve 22 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding ladder frame 55.

When the second trigger block 61 moves relative to the corresponding ladder frame 55, the second trigger block 61 can pull the corresponding fifth pull rope 18 to slide relative to the third pull rope sleeve 17; the fifth pull rope 18 moves to pull the fourth pull rope 58 to move, and the fourth pull rope 58 moves to pull the corresponding limit fixture block 43 to move; the first plate spring 63 acts as a reset for the second trigger block 61. In the present invention, when the second trigger block 61 moves together with the corresponding ladder frame 55, the fifth rope 18 does not slide relative to the third rope sling 17 because one end of the third rope sling 17 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding ladder frame 55.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, one end of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is hinged to the mounting rotating shaft 44.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, two limit rods 27 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the ladder frames 55 of the first ladder unit 6 and the second ladder unit 7 respectively, and the limit rods 27 are matched with the limit clamping plates 28 in the lower ladder unit; the rack 30 is fixedly arranged on the ladder frame 55 of the first ladder climbing unit 6 and the second ladder climbing unit 7 respectively, and the rack 30 drives the mounting ring sleeve 46 of the lower ladder climbing unit to rotate through the transmission of a gear 47.

When a climber steps on the ladder rack 55, the ladder rack 55 is stressed to move downwards, and the ladder rack 55 moves downwards to drive the limiting rod 27 and the rack 30 mounted on the ladder rack to move downwards.

When the anti-falling device does not climb, the lower end of the limiting rod 27 and the corresponding limiting clamping plate 28 have a section of matching area, the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is in a limited state, and the corresponding volute spiral spring 50 has certain pre-pressure; when a climber steps on the ladder frame 55 and drives the corresponding limiting rod 27 to move downwards through gravity, the limiting clamping plate 28 matched with the limiting rod 27 is fixedly arranged on the anti-falling semicircular plate 13, the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is arranged on the installation rotating shaft 44, the installation rotating shaft 44 is arranged on the installation shell 35, and the installation shell 35 is fixed on the wall body 1, so that the limiting clamping plate 28 is in a static state relative to the wall body 1; therefore, after the limiting rod 27 moves downwards, the area of the lower end of the limiting rod 27 matched with the limiting clamping plate 28 is lengthened.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of T-shaped chutes 3 are uniformly formed in one side of the wall 1 from top to bottom, and two limiting blocks 4 are symmetrically mounted in each chute 3; as shown in fig. 1, two mounting rods 11 are symmetrically mounted on one side of a ladder frame 55 in the first ladder unit 6, the second ladder unit 7 and the third ladder unit 8, one end of each mounting rod 11, far away from the ladder frame 55, is of a T-shaped structure, the ladder frame 55 is mounted on one side of the wall body 1 through up-down sliding fit of the two mounting rods 11 and the sliding chute 3, and the mounting rods 11 are matched with the corresponding two limit blocks 4; one end of the return spring 12 is fixedly mounted on the mounting rod 11, and the other end of the return spring 12 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the corresponding chute 3. The return spring 12 serves to return the corresponding ladder rack 55.

As shown in fig. 10, the step surface of the lowermost end of the ladder frame 55 in the second ladder unit 7 and the third ladder unit 8 is provided with a first mounting groove 26 for the first trigger block 20 in the first trigger mechanism 14 mounted in the ladder units to slide; the uppermost step surface of the first ladder unit 6 is provided with a first mounting groove 26 for the first trigger block 20 of the first starting mechanism mounted in the ladder unit to slide. The uppermost step surface of the ladder frame 55 of the second ladder unit 7 and the third ladder unit 8 is provided with a second mounting groove 10 for the second trigger block 61 of the second trigger mechanism 16 mounted in the ladder unit to slide.

As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 17, the transmission mechanism 29 further includes a limiting shell 42, a limiting latch 43, a gear 47, a return spring 48, a first one-way clutch 49, a second pull rope 38, a second pull rope sleeve 39, a third pull rope 40 and a fourth pull rope 58, wherein the gear 47 is rotatably mounted on the mounting rotating shaft 44; the second mounting ring is mounted at one end of the gear 47; the first mounting ring is mounted at one end of the mounting collar 46, and the second mounting ring is connected with the first mounting ring through a first one-way clutch 49; a clamping groove 51 is formed in the outer circular surface of the limiting wheel 45, the limiting shell 42 is fixedly installed in the installation shell 35, one end of the limiting clamping block 43 is installed in the limiting shell 42 in a sliding mode, and a return spring 48 is installed between one end, located in the limiting shell 42, of the limiting clamping block 43 and the inner end surface of the limiting shell 42; the other end of the limiting clamping block 43 is matched with a clamping groove 51 on the limiting wheel 45; one end of the second pull rope sleeve 39 is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell 42, one end of the second pull rope 38 is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block 43, and the other end of the second pull rope 38 penetrates through the limiting shell 42 and is nested in the second pull rope sleeve 39; one end of the fourth pull rope 58 sleeve is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell 42, one end of the third pull rope 40 is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block 43, and the other end of the third pull rope 40 penetrates through the limiting shell 42 and is nested in the fourth pull rope 58 sleeve.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a rack 30 is fixedly attached to each of the ladder frames 55 of the first ladder unit 6 and the second ladder unit 7, and the rack 30 is engaged with the gear 47 of the lower ladder unit.

In the invention, after the rack 30 positioned at the upper side of the transmission mechanism 29 moves downwards, the rack 30 drives the gear 47 to rotate, the gear 47 drives the first mounting ring to rotate through the second mounting ring and the first one-way clutch 49, and the first mounting ring rotates to drive the mounting ring sleeve 46 to rotate, so that the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 mounted on the mounting rotating shaft 44 is limited by the limiting rod 27, and the volute spring 50 compresses the upper force; in the invention, the inner ring of the second one-way clutch 52 is fixedly connected with the mounting ring sleeve 46 through the connecting sleeve 57, the outer ring of the second one-way clutch 52 is fixed with the limiting wheel 45, and the limiting wheel 45 is limited by the limiting clamping block 43 at the moment; so that the reverse rotation of the mounting collar 46 is limited at this time, i.e., the outer end of the spiral spring 50 is fixedly limited; after the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 loses the limit, under the action of the volute spiral spring 50, the inner end of the volute spiral spring 50 drives the installation rotating shaft 44 to rotate, and the installation rotating shaft 44 drives the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 to swing.

As shown in fig. 9, the first trigger mechanism 14 further includes a first pull rope 23 and a first pull rope sleeve 22, wherein one end of the first pull rope 23 is fixedly installed on the first trigger block 20, and one end of the first pull rope 23 away from the first trigger block 20 penetrates through the outer side of the frame body; one end of the first pull rope sleeve 22 is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the first pull rope 23 penetrating through the frame body is nested in the first pull rope sleeve 22; the first pull rope socket 22 is fixedly connected with a second pull rope socket 39 which is arranged at the lower side of the first pull rope socket and is separated by one layer, and the first pull rope 23 is fixedly connected with a second pull rope 38 which is arranged at the lower side of the first pull rope socket and is separated by one layer.

As shown in fig. 8, the second trigger mechanism 16 further includes a fifth pull rope 18 and a third pull rope sleeve 17, wherein one end of the fifth pull rope 18 is fixedly mounted on the second trigger block 61, and one end of the fifth pull rope 18 away from the second trigger block 61 penetrates through the outside of the frame body; one end of the third pull rope sleeve 17 is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the fifth pull rope 18 penetrating through the frame body is nested in the third pull rope sleeve 17; the third pull rope sleeve 17 is fixedly connected with the fourth pull rope 58 sleeve in the layer of ladder climbing unit, and the fifth pull rope 18 is fixedly connected with the third pull rope 40 in the layer of ladder climbing unit.

The function of the rope pulling sleeve designed by the invention is to prevent the first trigger block 20 in the first trigger mechanism 14 from pulling the first pull rope 23 to move when the ladder frame 55 drives the first trigger mechanism 14 to move together, so as to trigger the limit of the lower limit fixture block 43 on the corresponding limit wheel 45; so that the corresponding wrap spring 50 loses its storage force. Meanwhile, when the ladder frame 55 drives the second trigger mechanism 16 to move together, the second trigger block 61 in the second trigger mechanism 16 pulls the fifth pull rope 18 to move, so as to trigger the limit of the lower limit fixture block 43 on the corresponding limit wheel 45; so that the corresponding wrap spring 50 loses its storage force.

As shown in fig. 12, the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is of a frame structure, a swing plate 33 is installed at the middle position of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 in a swinging manner, and the swing plate 33 is located at the hinged end of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 and is connected through two symmetrically distributed buckles 32 which can be opened and rotated; two limiting plates 31 are symmetrically arranged at one end of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 close to the installation rotating shaft 44.

In the initial state of the ladder frame 55 designed by the invention, the step surface on the ladder frame 55 is higher than the frame surface of the anti-falling semi-circular plate 13, which is opened for a climber to step on the ladder frame 55 by feet, so that the design aims to ensure that the step surface on the ladder frame 55 is flush with the frame surface on the anti-falling semi-circular plate 13 after the climber steps on the ladder frame 55 to move down, and the climbing is not influenced.

The limiting plate 31 is designed to limit the flat anti-falling semicircular plate 13.

As shown in fig. 12, the end of the limiting catch plate 28 away from the corresponding anti-falling semicircular plate 13 is provided with a slope 34. The inclined plane 34 is designed to drive the limiting rod 27 to move upwards through the cooperation of the inclined plane 34 and the lower end of the limiting rod 27 when the manual pushing anti-falling semicircular plate 13 resets, so that the limiting clamping plate 28 swings to the rear side of the limiting rod 27, and the limiting rod 27 limits the limiting clamping plate 28 again.

As shown in fig. 10, the lower ends of the ladder frames 55 of the second ladder unit 7 and the third ladder unit 8 are provided with two escape grooves 25 symmetrically distributed for swinging of two stopper locking plates 28 attached to the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 of the ladder unit.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the ladder frame 55 of the first ladder unit 6, the second ladder unit 7 and the third ladder unit 8 is provided with a second guide wheel 21 for guiding the first rope 23 of the first trigger mechanism 14 of the ladder unit; the ladder frame 55 of the second ladder unit 7, the third ladder unit 8 and the fourth ladder unit 9 is provided with a first guide wheel 19 for guiding the fifth rope 18 of the second triggering mechanism 16 of the ladder unit.

As shown in fig. 14, the mounting shell 35 of the transmission mechanism 29 is provided with a shaft hole 36 for the second pull rope sleeve 39 to pass through and the fourth pull rope 58 to pass through; the mounting shell 35 of the transmission mechanism 29 is provided with a square opening 37 for the rack 30 to penetrate through.

As shown in fig. 13 and 15, a third guide pulley 41 for guiding the third rope 40 is mounted in the mounting case 35 of the transmission mechanism 29.

The specific working process is as follows: when the ladder stand designed by the invention is used for climbing stairs, firstly a climber can go up through the fourth ladder stand unit 9, and when the climber goes up the third ladder stand unit 8, the ladder frame 55 of the third ladder stand unit 8 moves downwards under the stress; when the climber climbs the lowermost second ladder stand unit 7, the first trigger block 20 in that ladder stand unit is first stepped on so that it moves down releasing the volute spring 50 in the lower third ladder stand unit 8; meanwhile, the ladder frame 55 of the second ladder stand unit 7 is forced to move downwards, and meanwhile, the limiting rod 27 and the rack 30 which are arranged on the ladder frame 55 in the second ladder stand unit 7 at the lowest side move downwards, so that the scroll spring 50 in the third ladder stand unit 8 at the upper side is forced to move upwards when the rack 30 moves downwards; as the climber continues to climb up the upper second ladder climbing unit 7, the first trigger block 20 in that ladder climbing unit is stepped on so that it moves down releasing the volute spiral spring 50 in the upper third ladder climbing unit 8; at the same time, the ladder frame 55 of the second ladder unit 7 is forced to move downwards, so that the scroll spring 50 in the second ladder unit 7 at the lowest layer is forced upwards; continuing climbing, when the climbing person goes to the first ladder unit 6, releasing the volute spiral spring 50 in the second ladder unit 7 at the lowest layer, and simultaneously sequentially transmitting the force of the volute spiral spring 50 in the ladder unit at the lower layer, wherein after the climbing person goes to the first ladder unit 6, the ladder frame 55 of the first ladder unit 6 is stressed to move downwards, meanwhile, the limiting rod 27 and the rack 30 which are arranged on the ladder frame 55 in the first ladder unit 6 move downwards, and the rack 30 moves downwards to enable the volute spiral spring 50 in the second ladder unit 7 at the uppermost layer to exert force; at the same time, the spiral spring 50 in the ladder climbing unit at the lower layer of the second ladder climbing unit 7 at the highest layer is released; when the climber is about to climb to the roof, the climber steps on the first trigger block 20 in the first trigger mechanism 14 positioned at the upper side in the first ladder unit 6, so that the first trigger block moves downwards, and the volute spiral spring 50 in the second ladder unit 7 at the highest layer is released.

If in the climbing process, if a climber falls down carelessly, the corresponding ladder frame 55 loses the pressure applied by the climber, moves upwards under the action of the corresponding return spring 12, the ladder frame 55 drives the limiting rod 27 to move upwards, so that the limiting rod 27 releases the limitation of the corresponding limiting clamping plate 28, and the corresponding anti-falling semi-circular plate 13 in the lower-layer ladder stand unit swings downwards to be matched with the lower end of the guardrail 24 in the corresponding ladder stand unit; the protection effect is achieved for the person falling down.

When a user steps on the first ladder stand unit 6 during downstairs, the ladder frame 55 in the first ladder stand unit 6 moves downwards to push the volute spiral spring 50 in the second ladder stand unit 7 at the highest layer at the lower side to exert force, when the climber enters the second ladder stand unit 7 at the highest layer, the second trigger block 61 arranged at the layer is firstly stepped to move downwards to release the volute spiral spring 50 in the ladder stand unit at the layer, and the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 cannot trigger the downward swinging, namely cannot influence the downward movement of the climber; at the same time the ladder frame 55 in the second ladder unit 7 moves down so that the spiral spring 50 in the lower ladder unit is forced up; even if the climber falls down at the moment, the climber can be protected by the non-triggered anti-falling semi-circular plate 13 which is closest to the lower side; then sequentially transmitting; after entering the third ladder stand unit 8, the second trigger block 61 corresponding to the lower bed is used for releasing the volute spiral spring 50 in the third ladder stand unit 8, so that the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 cannot trigger the lower hem, and the climbing person cannot move down.

When a person falls down carelessly, the anti-falling semicircular plate 13 in the ladder stand unit at the next layer is triggered to swing to a horizontal state, and the connecting column falls down, but if the person cannot stand by himself, the person needs to climb from the lower side to the lower side of the triggered anti-falling semicircular plate 13, the person who falls down is pushed away from the upper side of the swing plate 33 from the upper gap of the anti-falling semicircular plate 13, then the buckle 32 is rotated from the lower side, the buckle 32 is opened, and then the person who falls down is climbed from the opened swing plate 33 to be rescued; if the fallen person can stand up by himself, the user only needs to open the buckle 32 from above, open the swing plate 33, and then descend from the swing plate 33.

Claims

1. A ladder stand for climbing outer walls of buildings comprises a ladder stand body and mounting rods, wherein the ladder stand body is mounted on a wall body through the mounting rods which are uniformly distributed from top to bottom; the method is characterized in that: the ladder stand body consists of handrails, a first ladder stand unit, a second ladder stand unit, a third ladder stand unit and a fourth ladder stand unit, wherein the upper ends of the handrails are fixedly arranged on the upper side of a roof; the first ladder climbing unit is slidably arranged on one side of the wall body and is positioned on the lower side of the handrail; the second ladder climbing units are uniformly arranged on one side of the wall body in a sliding mode from top to bottom and are positioned on the lower side of the first ladder climbing units; the two third ladder stand units are uniformly arranged on one side of the wall body in a sliding mode up and down and are positioned on the lower side of the second ladder stand unit on the lowest side; the fourth ladder stand unit is fixedly arranged on one side of the wall body and is positioned on the lower side of the third ladder stand unit on the lower side; gaps are formed among adjacent ladder climbing units in the first ladder climbing unit, the second ladder climbing unit, the third ladder climbing unit and the fourth ladder climbing unit;

the fourth ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, wherein the ladder frame is fixedly arranged on one side of a wall body through two symmetrically distributed mounting rods;

the third ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail, an anti-falling semicircular plate, a transmission mechanism and a second trigger mechanism, wherein the ladder frame is slidably mounted on one side of the wall body through two symmetrically distributed mounting rods, a reset spring is mounted between the ladder frame and the wall body, the guardrail is fixedly mounted on one side of the ladder frame away from the wall body, the anti-falling semicircular plate is mounted at the lower end of the ladder frame in a swinging mode, and the anti-falling semicircular plate is matched with the guardrail; the transmission mechanism is arranged on one side of the ladder frame and matched with the anti-falling semicircular plate; two limiting clamping plates are symmetrically arranged at the hinged end of the anti-falling semicircular plate and the ladder frame; the second trigger mechanism is arranged on the step surface at the uppermost end of the ladder frame;

the second ladder stand unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail, an anti-falling semicircular plate, a transmission mechanism, a first trigger mechanism and a second trigger mechanism, wherein the mounting modes of the ladder frame, the guardrail, the anti-falling semicircular plate, the transmission mechanism and the second trigger mechanism are completely the same as the mounting modes of the ladder frame, the guardrail, the anti-falling semicircular plate, the transmission mechanism and the second trigger mechanism in the third ladder stand unit; the first trigger mechanism is arranged on the step surface at the lowest end of the ladder frame;

the first ladder climbing unit comprises a ladder frame, a guardrail and a first triggering mechanism, wherein the ladder frame and the guardrail in the second ladder climbing unit are arranged in the same way as the ladder frame and the guardrail in the first ladder climbing unit; the two first trigger mechanisms are respectively arranged on the step surfaces at the uppermost end and the lowermost end of the ladder frame;

the transmission mechanism comprises an installation ring sleeve, a volute spiral spring, an installation shell and an installation rotating shaft, wherein the installation shell is fixedly installed on one side of the wall body; the limiting wheel is installed at the other end of the installation rotating shaft through a second one-way clutch, and an inner ring of the second one-way clutch is fixedly connected with the installation ring sleeve through a connecting sleeve;

the first trigger mechanism comprises a first trigger block and a second plate spring, wherein the first trigger block is slidably mounted on the ladder frame, and the second plate springs are uniformly distributed between the first trigger block and the ladder frame; the first trigger block moves downwards relative to the ladder frame and can control whether the limiting wheels in the ladder climbing units on the next layer are limited in rotation or not through transmission;

the second trigger mechanism comprises a second trigger block and a first plate spring, wherein the second trigger block is slidably mounted on the ladder frame, and the first plate springs are uniformly distributed between the second trigger block and the ladder frame; the second trigger block moves downwards relative to the ladder frame and can control whether the limiting wheels in the ladder climbing unit rotate for limiting or not through transmission;

one end of the anti-falling semicircular plate is hinged to the mounting rotating shaft;

two limiting rods are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit respectively, and the limiting rods are matched with a limiting clamping plate in the lower ladder climbing unit; racks are fixedly arranged on the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit respectively, and the racks drive the mounting ring sleeves in the lower ladder climbing unit to rotate through gear transmission;

a plurality of T-shaped sliding grooves are uniformly formed in the upper part and the lower part of one side of the wall body, and two limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged in each sliding groove; two mounting rods are symmetrically mounted on one side of a ladder frame in the first ladder stand unit, the second ladder stand unit and the third ladder stand unit, one end, far away from the ladder frame, of each mounting rod is of a T-shaped structure, the ladder frame is mounted on one side of a wall body through up-down sliding fit of the two mounting rods and the sliding grooves, and the mounting rods are matched with the two corresponding limiting blocks; one end of the reset spring is fixedly arranged on the mounting rod, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the corresponding sliding chute;

the transmission mechanism further comprises a limiting shell, a limiting clamping block, a gear, a return spring, a first one-way clutch, a second pull rope sleeve, a third pull rope and a fourth pull rope sleeve, wherein the gear is rotatably arranged on the mounting rotating shaft; the second mounting ring is mounted at one end of the gear; the first mounting ring is mounted at one end of the mounting ring sleeve, and the second mounting ring is connected with the first mounting ring through a first one-way clutch; a clamping groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the limiting wheel, the limiting shell is fixedly installed in the installation shell, one end of the limiting fixture block is installed in the limiting shell in a sliding mode, and a return spring is installed between one end, located in the limiting shell, of the limiting fixture block and the inner end face of the limiting shell; the other end of the limiting clamping block is matched with a clamping groove on the limiting wheel; one end of the second pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell, one end of the second pull rope is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block, and the other end of the second pull rope penetrates through the limiting shell and is nested in the second pull rope sleeve; one end of a fourth pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the limiting shell, one end of a third pull rope is fixedly arranged on the limiting clamping block, and the other end of the third pull rope penetrates through the limiting shell and is nested in the fourth pull rope sleeve;

racks are respectively and fixedly arranged on the ladder frames in the first ladder climbing unit and the second ladder climbing unit, and the racks are meshed with the gears in the lower ladder climbing unit;

the first trigger mechanism further comprises a first pull rope and a first pull rope sleeve, wherein one end of the first pull rope is fixedly arranged on the first trigger block, and one end of the first pull rope, which is far away from the first trigger block, penetrates out of the frame body; one end of the first pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the first pull rope penetrating through the frame body is nested in the first pull rope sleeve; the first pull rope sleeve is fixedly connected with a second pull rope sleeve which is arranged at one layer of interval and is positioned in the ladder climbing unit on the lower side of the first pull rope sleeve, and the first pull rope is fixedly connected with a second pull rope which is arranged at one layer of interval and is positioned in the ladder climbing unit on the lower side of the first pull rope sleeve;

the second trigger mechanism further comprises a fifth pull rope and a third pull rope sleeve, wherein one end of the fifth pull rope is fixedly arranged on the second trigger block, and one end of the fifth pull rope, which is far away from the second trigger block, penetrates out of the outer side of the frame body; one end of the third pull rope sleeve is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and one end of the fifth pull rope penetrating through the frame body is nested in the third pull rope sleeve; the third pull rope sleeve is fixedly connected with a fourth pull rope sleeve in the layer of ladder climbing unit, and the fifth pull rope is fixedly connected with a third pull rope in the layer of ladder climbing unit;

the anti-falling semicircular plate is of a frame structure, a swinging plate is arranged at the middle position of the anti-falling semicircular plate in a swinging mode, and one end, hinged to the anti-falling semicircular plate, of the swinging plate is connected through two symmetrically distributed buckles capable of being opened in a rotating mode; the anti-falling semicircular plate is symmetrically provided with two limiting plates close to one end of the installation rotating shaft.

2. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first mounting groove for a first trigger block in a first trigger mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit to slide is formed in the step surface at the lowest end of the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit; a first mounting groove for a first trigger block in a first starting mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit to slide is formed in the step surface at the uppermost end of the first ladder climbing unit; and a second mounting groove for a second trigger block in a second trigger mechanism mounted in the ladder climbing unit to slide is formed in the step surface at the uppermost end of the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit.

3. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the one end that above-mentioned spacing cardboard kept away from corresponding and prevents falling the semicircle board has the inclined plane.

4. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the ladder frame in the second ladder stand unit and the third ladder stand unit is provided with two symmetrically distributed avoidance grooves for swinging of two limiting clamping plates arranged on the anti-falling semicircular plate in the ladder stand unit.

5. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a second guide wheel which plays a role in guiding a first pull rope in a first trigger mechanism in the ladder climbing unit is arranged on the ladder frame in the first ladder climbing unit, the second ladder climbing unit and the third ladder climbing unit; and a first guide wheel which plays a role in guiding a fifth pull rope in a second trigger mechanism in the ladder climbing unit is arranged on the ladder frame in the second ladder climbing unit, the third ladder climbing unit and the fourth ladder climbing unit.

6. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mounting shell in the transmission mechanism is provided with a shaft hole for the second pull rope sleeve to pass through and the fourth pull rope to pass through; the mounting shell in the transmission mechanism is provided with a square opening for the rack to penetrate through.

7. The ladder stand for climbing the outer wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a third guide wheel which plays a role in guiding the third pull rope is arranged in the mounting shell of the transmission mechanism.