CN110984841B

CN110984841B - Protective function cat ladder that outdoor building or factory building used

Info

Publication number: CN110984841B
Application number: CN201911194630.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Shandong Xinrun Electromechanical Installation Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Xinrun Electromechanical Installation Engineering Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-28
Also published as: CN110984841A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ladders, and particularly relates to a protective function ladder stand for an outdoor building or a factory building, which comprises a ladder frame and a guardrail playing a role in protecting a climber from climbing to a high place; when the ladder is used, the ladder stand is controlled by the adjusting mechanism to be opened upwards, and the ladder stand is limited and fixed by the first hinge mechanism and the second hinge mechanism; pack up the back at the cat ladder, the structure after ladder frame and guardrail are packed up is located the coplanar, has saved building wall because of storing the groove that ladder frame and guardrail opened, has increased the corrosion resistance of ladder frame and guardrail.

Description

Protective function cat ladder that outdoor building or factory building used

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crawling ladders, and particularly relates to a protective function crawling ladder used for outdoor buildings or workshops.

Background

In house and factory building construction, construction workers often need to climb to a high place to carry out construction operation, and some buildings are very high, need to build temporarily a ladder for connecting a low place and the high place, and are convenient to use when the construction workers move. The outside wall of current house and factory building generally all can reserve down the cat ladder that is used for climbing the house in the future and use when the building.

Most of the existing ladders are designed to be simpler and are only common ladders; the decorative board is placed in a building and used after leaning against a wall surface, so that the appearance is influenced; the existing ladder stand material is always made of steel bars; the crawling ladder is extremely easy to rust under the rainy and humid environment condition, so that the use safety is influenced, and the service life is short; however, if the ladder stand can be folded when not in use, the ladder stand can not be corroded and damaged and the appearance is not influenced when the ladder stand is in a rainy and humid environment, so that the ladder stand which can be folded when not in use is very necessary to design.

The invention designs a protective function ladder stand for an outdoor building or a factory building, and solves the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a protective function ladder stand for an outdoor building or a factory building, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides a protect function cat ladder that outdoor building or factory building used, it is including the ladder frame that is used for climbing, to climbing the guardrail that the eminence played the guard action, its characterized in that to the climber: one side of the ladder frame facing the building wall is hinged and installed on one side of the building wall through a plurality of groups of hinge rods which are uniformly distributed up and down; one end of each of two hinge rods in the group of hinge rods positioned at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinged mode, and the other end of each of the two hinge rods is respectively arranged in the building wall through a first hinge mechanism; one end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods except the uppermost group of hinged rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinged mode, and the other end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods is respectively installed in the building wall through a second hinged mechanism; the ladder frame can swing relative to the building wall under the effect of multiunit hinge bar, and ladder frame, building wall and multiunit hinge bar constitute different parallelogram mechanisms, and the swing of ladder frame every position all keeps unanimous on the ladder frame of swing in-process.

The building wall is also internally provided with an adjusting mechanism which controls the lifting and the lowering of the ladder frame and the guardrail, and the ladder frame and the guardrail are in a self-locking state and are not allowed to be lowered under the action of the adjusting mechanism after being lifted; when the climber climbs, the first hinge mechanism has a structure for locking the swing of the hinge lever at the corresponding position.

The building wall is opened and is had guardrail storage groove, pin storage groove, step pole storage groove and ladder frame vertical pole storage groove that are used for storing guardrail and ladder frame, puts down the back at ladder frame and guardrail, and ladder frame stores up and puts in step pole storage groove and ladder frame vertical pole storage groove, and the guardrail stores up and puts in guardrail storage groove and pin storage groove.

After the ladder frame is put down, the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame are placed in the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage grooves, the step rods on the ladder frame are placed in the step rod storage grooves, and the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame and the multiple groups of hinge rods are not staggered and distributed in parallel; after the guardrail is put down, guardrail horizontal pole and guardrail montant on the guardrail are put in the guardrail storage tank, and the guardrail horizontal pole does not have crisscross distribution side by side with the guardrail montant, and the guardrail pin is put in the pin storage tank.

As a further improvement of the technology, a plurality of groups of articulated rod storage tanks are uniformly arranged above and below the building wall, and a first mounting groove is formed in each side surface of each two articulated rod storage tanks; the two first hinge mechanisms are symmetrically installed in the two first installation grooves located on the upper side, and the plurality of second hinge mechanisms are respectively installed in the plurality of first installation grooves located on the lower side.

The first hinge mechanism comprises a first hinge shaft, a first sliding block, a first reset spring, a first mounting shell and a square limiting block, wherein the first mounting shell is internally provided with a sliding groove and a limiting clamping groove which are distributed leftwards and rightwards; the limiting clamping groove consists of an upper square groove and a lower square groove which are different in size, the two square grooves are in smooth transition through two symmetrically distributed inclined planes, and the two inclined planes are distributed in an inverted eight shape; the inclined plane has the function of facilitating the square limiting block to slide into the square groove at the lower side; the first mounting shell is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove; the first sliding block is installed in a sliding groove in the first installation shell in a sliding fit mode, and the first sliding block is located on the upper sides of the two first supporting strips; a first return spring is arranged between the lower end surface of the first sliding block and the lower end surface of the sliding chute; the first hinge shaft is installed on the first sliding block in a rotating fit mode, one end of the first hinge shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinge rod, a square limiting block is fixedly installed at the other end of the first hinge shaft, the square limiting block is located in the limiting clamping groove and is in limiting fit with the square groove in the limiting clamping groove, the square limiting block is located on the lower side of the square groove, when the square limiting block is inserted into the direction limiting groove, the square limiting block cannot rotate, and the square groove located on the upper side cannot interfere with the square limiting block in the rotating process of the square limiting block; the first hinge shaft passes through the first mounting case.

The second hinge mechanism comprises a second hinge shaft, a second sliding block, a second reset spring and a second mounting shell, wherein two second supporting strips are symmetrically mounted on two side faces in the second mounting shell, the two second supporting strips play a supporting role on the second sliding block after moving downwards, downward force transmitted to the second sliding block by the second hinge shaft of the ladder frame is transmitted to the two second supporting strips, and the pressure on the ladder frame is borne by the two second supporting strips; the second mounting shell is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove; the second sliding block is installed in the second installation shell in a sliding fit mode and is positioned on the upper sides of the two second supporting strips; a second reset spring is arranged between the lower end surface of the second sliding block and the lower end surface of the second mounting shell; the second hinged shaft is arranged on the second sliding block in a rotating fit mode, and one end of the second hinged shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinged rod; the second hinge shaft passes through the second mounting case.

The first return spring is a compression spring and has pre-pressure; the second return spring is a compression spring and has pre-pressure.

As the further improvement of the technology, the inner end face of one of the two first mounting grooves which are positioned on the lowest side of the building wall is provided with a third mounting groove, and the end face of the third mounting groove, which is close to the building wall surface, is provided with a second mounting groove which penetrates through the building wall.

The adjusting mechanism comprises a worm, a connecting structure, a worm wheel, a volute spiral spring, a first driving block, a shifting block, a transmission rotating shaft and a second driving block, wherein a square through groove is formed in one side surface, back to the corresponding hinge rod, of the second mounting shell close to the third mounting groove; one end of the transmission rotating shaft penetrates through the square through groove to be fixedly connected with the corresponding second hinge shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft in a rotating fit mode, a volute spiral spring is arranged between the worm wheel and the transmission rotating shaft, the inner end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transmission rotating shaft, and the outer end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel; the shifting block is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft, the first driving block and the second driving block are arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel, and the first driving block and the second driving block are matched with the shifting block; the first driving block has the effects that in an initial state, the first driving block and the shifting block are matched to limit the volute spiral spring, so that the pre-pressure of the volute spiral spring is prevented from being released, and the pre-pressure of the volute spiral spring ensures that the turbine rotates to break through the volute spiral spring to drive the ladder frame to swing; the second driving block has the effects that as the rotation amplitude of the transmission rotating shaft is increased, when the shifting block touches the second driving block, the second driving block limits the shifting block due to self-locking of the worm wheel, so that the transmission rotating shaft is prevented from continuously rotating, the weight of the ladder frame and a climber is ensured not to be fully born by the volute spiral spring, and the probability of damage of the volute spiral spring is reduced; the worm wheel and the volute spiral spring are positioned in the third mounting groove; the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding blocks through a connecting structure, the worm is nested in the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the worm is positioned in the second mounting groove; the volute spiral spring has pre-pressure.

As a further improvement of the technology, the guardrail consists of a guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a guardrail stop rod; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods are arranged on one side of the ladder frame, which is opposite to the building wall, in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods and the guardrail stop rod fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail unit; the plurality of guardrail units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame back to the building wall from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods, and the hinged position of each guardrail vertical rod and the corresponding guardrail transverse rod is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail transverse rod for installing the guardrail stop rod; two guardrail cross rods in the guardrail unit at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with two hinged rods in a group of hinged rods at the upper side in the three groups of hinged rods in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the guardrail can swing relative to the ladder frame, an upper guardrail cross rod, a lower guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a building wall which are connected with the two guardrail cross rods in the two groups of guardrail units on the same side form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and the two groups of parallelogram mechanisms which are positioned on the same height and are formed by the guardrail cross rods, the guardrail vertical rods and the building wall are fixedly connected by the two guardrail stop rods which are distributed up and down, namely, the swinging of each position on the guardrail is kept consistent in the swinging process of the guardrail; simultaneously because of being arranged in two guardrail horizontal poles in the guardrail unit of the top and two hinge bar one-to-one fixed connection in a set of hinge bar of the top in the multiunit hinge bar, so at the relative building wall wobbling in-process of ladder frame, the guardrail also can be along with the relative building wall of ladder frame swings together.

As a further improvement of the technology, two rows of protective elastic blocks are symmetrically arranged at two ends of one side, close to the building wall, of the step rod of the ladder frame from top to bottom; the effect of protection elastic block prevents because of first hinge mechanism and second hinge mechanism after the inefficacy, the ladder frame swings to building wall one side, and people do not have time to leave the ladder frame, the finger that leads to holding the ladder frame is crushed, through protection elastic block, swing to building wall one side at the ladder frame, protection elastic block can at first contact with building wall, make the ladder frame stop the swing, hold and leave the clearance between the finger of ladder frame and the building wall.

As a further improvement of the technology, the end face of the worm at one end in the fixed sleeve is provided with a hexagonal groove, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary hexagonal head is inserted into the hexagonal groove on the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

As a further improvement of the technology, a second sealing rubber is installed on one side surface of the ladder frame, which faces away from the building wall, a first sealing rubber is installed on the lifted upper end surface of the hinged rod, a third sealing rubber is installed on the upper end surface of the guardrail cross rod of the guardrail, a fourth sealing rubber is installed on the upper end of the guardrail stop rod, and a fifth sealing rubber is installed on the side surface of the guardrail vertical rod; first sealing rubber, second sealing rubber, third sealing rubber, fourth sealing rubber, fifth sealing rubber's effect is with the sealed cooperation of the groove of opening on the building wall, guarantees to play sealed guard action to corresponding ladder frame and the guardrail after packing up, prevents that outside air or rainwater from corroding it, influences the security of ladder frame and guardrail, can reach pleasing to the eye effect through decorating sealing rubber simultaneously.

As a further improvement of the technology, two guardrail cross rods in the guardrail unit positioned at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with two hinge rods in a group of hinge rods at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods in a welding mode.

As a further improvement of the technology, the guardrail blocking rod is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of each of the two corresponding guardrail cross rods and is higher than the guardrail cross rods; the guardrail blocking rod is fixedly arranged on the upper side of one end of each of the two corresponding guardrail cross rods and is higher than the guardrail cross rod worm wheel; the guardrail stop lever is prevented from interfering with the guardrail vertical rod after being closed. The ladder frame and the guardrail are reasonably arranged and have reasonable length, so that the problem of interference after the ladder frame and the guardrail are folded is solved. The connection arrangement mode of the invention is only one scheme in the arrangement modes, and other schemes arranged by the technicians in the field can be adopted, and the arrangement method belongs to the field of the prior art.

In a further improvement of the present technology, the worm is driven by a key and a key groove, the end surface of the worm at one end of the fixed sleeve is provided with a key groove, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary rod with the key is inserted into the key groove of the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

Compared with the traditional ladder climbing technology, the ladder has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the ladder stand designed by the invention, when the ladder stand is not used, the ladder stand is placed in the guardrail storage groove, the stop rod storage groove, the step rod storage groove and the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage groove which are formed in the building wall, and the ladder stand is sealed through the corresponding sealing rubber layers, so that the ladder stand is prevented from being corroded by outside air or rainwater, and the safety of the ladder frame and the safety of the guardrail are prevented from being influenced; when the ladder stand is used, the ladder stand is controlled by the adjusting mechanism to be opened upwards, and the ladder stand is limited and fixed by the first hinge mechanism and the second hinge mechanism.

2. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, after the ladder stand is folded, the longitudinal rods on the ladder stand and the plurality of groups of hinged rods are distributed in parallel in a non-staggered manner; the guardrail cross rods and the guardrail vertical rods are distributed in a non-staggered parallel mode, namely the structures of the ladder frame and the guardrail after being folded are located in the same plane, and the guardrail stop rods are removed, so that storage grooves formed in the building wall for storing the ladder frame and the guardrail are saved; the damage degree of the building wall is reduced, the building wall surface is protected, and meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the ladder frame and the guardrail is also improved.

3. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, when the ladder stand and the guardrail are lifted and do not climb, the spiral spring bears the downward swinging force of the ladder stand, and the first spring and the second spring bear the weight of the ladder stand and the guardrail. When a climber climbs, the lower hem of the ladder frame is limited by the square limiting blocks in the first hinge mechanisms and the corresponding square grooves, the worm wheel and the worm are protected to a certain extent, the service life is long, and the stability and the safety of the ladder are guaranteed.

4. According to the ladder stand designed by the invention, during climbing, the ladder stand overcomes the lower hem through the combined action of the square limiting block and the square limiting groove and the self-locking structure of the worm gear and the worm, and when any one structure fails, the rest structure can still ensure that the lower hem is overcome; even if the two types of the ladder stand are damaged, after the ladder stand is swung downwards, the positions of the first sliding block and the second sliding block relative to the first mounting shell and the second mounting shell are different from the positions where the ladder stand does not climb, so that the step rod on the ladder stand is not matched with the step rod storage groove, the ladder stand cannot be nested in a building wall, and the hand of a climber is injured; in addition, the designed protective elastic block further ensures the safety of the hands and feet of the climber.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.

Fig. 2 is a ladder mounting schematic.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first articulation arrangement.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a building wall structure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the appearance of a building wall.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of ladder rack and guardrail installation.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the first and second hinge mechanisms in an arrangement.

Fig. 8 is an external view of the first hinge mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first hinge mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first mounting shell and the square limiting block.

Fig. 11 is an external view of the second hinge mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the adjustment mechanism and the second hinge mechanism in cooperation.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a worm installation.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the guard rail structure.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a guardrail; 2. a ladder frame; 3. building a wall; 4. a first hinge mechanism; 5. a first mounting groove; 6. a second mounting groove; 7. a third mounting groove; 8. a hinge rod storage tank; 9. a guardrail storage tank; 10. a stepped stem storage tank; 11. a pin storage tank; 12. a ladder vertical bar storage tank; 13. a second hinge mechanism; 14. an adjustment mechanism; 15. a hinged lever; 16. a first sealing rubber; 17. a second sealing rubber; 18. a first hinge shaft; 19. a first slider; 20. a first return spring; 21. a first mounting case; 22. a square limiting block; 23. a limiting clamping groove; 24. a first support bar; 25. a chute; 26. a second hinge shaft; 27. a second slider; 28. a second mounting case; 29. a second return spring; 30. a second supporting strip; 31. a worm; 32. a connecting structure; 33. a worm gear; 34. a volute spiral spring; 35. a first driving block; 36. shifting blocks; 37. a transmission rotating shaft; 38. a second driving block; 39. a fixing ring; 40. fixing a sleeve; 41. a hexagonal groove; 42. a guardrail cross bar; 43. a guard bar stop lever; 44. a guardrail vertical bar; 45. a third sealing rubber; 46. a fourth sealing rubber; 47. a fifth sealing rubber; 48. a square through groove; 49. the elastic block is protected.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, it includes a ladder frame 2 for climbing, a guardrail 1 for protecting a climber from climbing to a high place, characterized in that: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, one side of the ladder frame 2 facing the building wall 3 is hinged to one side of the building wall 3 through a plurality of groups of hinge rods 15 which are uniformly distributed up and down; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, two hinged rods 15 of the group of hinged rods 15 located at the upper side among the plurality of groups of hinged rods 15 have one end connected to the ladder rack 2 in a hinged manner, and the other end installed in the building wall 3 through the first hinge mechanism 4; one end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods 15 except the uppermost group of hinged rods 15 is respectively connected with the ladder frame 2 in a hinged manner, and the other end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods 15 is respectively installed in the building wall 3 through a second hinge mechanism 13; ladder frame 2 can swing building wall 3 relatively under the effect of multiunit hinge bar 15, and ladder frame 2, building wall 3 and multiunit hinge bar 15 constitute different parallelogram mechanism, and the swing of ladder frame 2 every position on swing in-process ladder frame 2 all keeps unanimous.

As shown in fig. 1, an adjusting mechanism 14 is further installed in the building wall 3, the adjusting mechanism 14 controls the lifting and lowering of the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1, and the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 are in a self-locking state and are not allowed to swing down after being lifted under the action of the adjusting mechanism 14; when the climber climbs, the first hinge mechanism 4 has a structure that locks the swing of the hinge lever 15 at the corresponding position.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, building wall 3 is provided with guardrail storage groove 9, pin storage groove 11, step pole storage groove 10 and ladder rack vertical pole storage groove 12 for storing guardrail 1 and ladder rack 2, and after ladder rack 2 and guardrail 1 are put down, ladder rack 2 is stored in step pole storage groove 10 and ladder rack vertical pole storage groove 12, and guardrail 1 is stored in guardrail storage groove 9 and pin storage groove 11.

After the ladder frame 2 is put down, the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame 2 are placed in the ladder frame longitudinal rod storage groove 12, the step rods on the ladder frame 2 are placed in the step rod storage groove 10, and the longitudinal rods on the ladder frame 2 and the plurality of groups of hinge rods 15 are not distributed in a staggered and parallel mode; after the guardrail 1 is put down, the guardrail cross rods 42 and the guardrail vertical rods 44 on the guardrail 1 are placed in the guardrail storage groove 9, the guardrail cross rods 42 and the guardrail vertical rods 44 are not staggered and distributed in parallel, and the guardrail blocking rods 43 are placed in the blocking rod storage groove 11.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of groups of hinge rod storage grooves 8 are uniformly formed in the building wall 3, and a first mounting groove 5 is formed in each of the side surfaces of two hinge rod storage grooves 8 in each group of hinge rod storage grooves 8; the two first hinge mechanisms 4 are symmetrically installed in the two first installation grooves 5 located at the upper side, and the plurality of second hinge mechanisms 13 are respectively installed in the plurality of first installation grooves 5 located at the lower side.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the first hinge mechanism 4 includes a first hinge shaft 18, a first slider 19, a first return spring 20, a first mounting shell 21 and a square limiting block 22, wherein as shown in fig. 10, the first mounting shell 21 has a sliding slot 25 and a limiting slot 23 distributed left and right, two first supporting bars 24 are symmetrically mounted on two side surfaces in the sliding slot 25, the two first supporting bars 24 support the first slider 19 after moving downward, the downward force transmitted from the ladder frame 2 to the first slider 19 through the first hinge shaft 18 is transmitted to the two first supporting bars 24, and the two first supporting bars 24 bear the pressure on the ladder frame 2; the limiting clamping groove 23 consists of an upper square groove and a lower square groove which are different in size, the two square grooves are in smooth transition through two symmetrically distributed inclined planes, and the two inclined planes are distributed in an inverted eight shape; the inclined plane is used for facilitating the square limiting block 22 to slide into the square groove on the lower side; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first mounting shell 21 is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove 5; the first sliding block 19 is installed in a sliding groove 25 in the first installation shell 21 through sliding fit, and the first sliding block 19 is positioned on the upper sides of the two first supporting strips 24; as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, a first return spring 20 is installed between the lower end surface of the first slider 19 and the lower end surface of the slide groove 25; the first hinge shaft 18 is mounted on the first sliding block 19 in a rotating fit manner, one end of the first hinge shaft 18 is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinge rod 15, the other end of the first hinge shaft 18 is fixedly provided with a square limiting block 22, the square limiting block 22 is positioned in the limiting clamping groove 23, the square limiting block 22 is in limiting fit with a square groove in the limiting clamping groove 23, the square limiting block 22 is positioned at the lower side, when the square limiting block 22 is inserted into the direction limiting groove, the square limiting block 22 cannot rotate, and the square groove positioned at the upper side cannot interfere with the square limiting block 22 in the rotating process of the square limiting block 22; the first hinge shaft 18 passes through the first mounting case 21.

As shown in fig. 11, the second hinge mechanism 13 includes a second hinge shaft 26, a second sliding block 27, a second return spring 29, and a second mounting shell 28, wherein two second supporting bars 30 are symmetrically mounted on two side surfaces in the second mounting shell 28, the two second supporting bars 30 support the second sliding block 27 after moving downward, the downward force transmitted from the ladder frame 2 to the second sliding block 27 through the second hinge shaft 26 is transmitted to the two second supporting bars 30, and the pressure on the ladder frame 2 is borne by the two second supporting bars 30; the second mounting shell 28 is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove 5; the second sliding block 27 is installed in the second installation shell 28 through sliding fit, and the second sliding block 27 is located on the upper sides of the two second supporting bars 30; a second return spring 29 is mounted between the lower end surface of the second slider 27 and the lower end surface of the second mounting shell 28; the second hinge shaft 26 is installed on the second slider 27 by rotating fit, and one end of the second hinge shaft 26 is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinge rod 15; the second hinge shaft 26 passes through the second mounting case 28.

The first return spring 20 is a compression spring and has a pre-pressure; the second return spring 29 is a compression spring and has a pre-pressure.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a third mounting groove 7 is formed on the inner end surface of one of the two first mounting grooves 5 located at the lowest side of the building wall 3, and a second mounting groove 6 penetrating through the building wall 3 is formed on the end surface of the third mounting groove 7 close to the wall surface of the building wall 3.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the adjusting mechanism 14 includes a worm 31, a connecting structure 32, a worm wheel 33, a spiral spring 34, a first driving block 35, a shifting block 36, a transmission rotating shaft 37, and a second driving block 38, wherein as shown in fig. 13, a square through groove 48 is formed on one side surface of the second mounting shell 28, which faces away from the corresponding hinge rod 15, and is mounted near the third mounting groove 7; as shown in fig. 13, one end of the transmission rotating shaft 37 passes through the square through slot 48 to be fixedly connected with the corresponding second hinge shaft 26; as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the worm wheel 33 is mounted on the transmission rotating shaft 37 by a rotating fit, a spiral spring 34 is mounted between the worm wheel 33 and the transmission rotating shaft 37, an inner end of the spiral spring 34 is fixedly mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the transmission rotating shaft 37, and an outer end of the spiral spring 34 is fixedly mounted on an end surface of the worm wheel 33; as shown in fig. 13, the shifting block 36 is mounted on the transmission rotating shaft 37, the first driving block 35 and the second driving block 38 are mounted on the end surface of the worm wheel 33, and both the first driving block 35 and the second driving block 38 are matched with the shifting block 36; the first driving block 35 is used for limiting the scroll spring 34 through the matching of the first driving block 35 and the shifting block 36 in an initial state, so that the pre-pressure of the scroll spring 34 is not released, and the pre-pressure of the scroll spring 34 ensures that the turbine rotates to break through the scroll spring 34 to drive the ladder frame 2 to swing; the second driving block 38 has the effects that as the rotation amplitude of the transmission rotating shaft 37 increases, when the shifting block 36 touches the second driving block 38, the second driving block 38 limits the shifting block 36 due to self-locking of the worm wheel 33, so that the transmission rotating shaft 37 is prevented from continuously rotating, the weight of the ladder frame 2 and a climber is ensured not to be fully born by the volute spiral spring 34, and the probability of damage of the volute spiral spring 34 is reduced; the worm wheel 33 and the spiral spring 34 are positioned in the third mounting groove 7; the fixed ring 39 and the fixed sleeve 40 are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding block 27 through the connecting structure 32, the worm 31 is nested in the fixed ring 39 and the fixed sleeve 40, and the worm 31 is meshed with the worm wheel 33; the worm 31 is positioned in the second mounting groove 6; the wrap spring 34 has a pre-load.

As shown in fig. 7 and 15, a second sealing rubber 17 is installed on one side surface of the ladder frame 2 facing away from the building wall 3, a first sealing rubber 16 is installed on the lifted upper end surface of the hinge rod 15, a third sealing rubber 45 is installed on the upper end surface of the guardrail cross rod 42 of the guardrail 1, a fourth sealing rubber 46 is installed on the upper end of the guardrail blocking rod 43, and a fifth sealing rubber 47 is installed on the side surface of the guardrail vertical rod 44; first sealing rubber 16, second sealing rubber 17, third sealing rubber 45, fourth sealing rubber 46, the effect of fifth sealing rubber 47 be with the sealed cooperation of the groove of opening on the building wall 3, guarantee to play sealed guard action to corresponding ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 after packing up, prevent that outside air or rainwater from corroding it, influence the security of ladder frame 2 and guardrail 1, can reach pleasing to the eye effect through decorating sealing rubber simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 7, two rows of protective elastic blocks 49 are symmetrically installed at both ends of one side of the ladder frame 2 from top to bottom, which is close to the building wall 3; protection elastic block 49's effect prevents because of first hinge mechanism 4 and second hinge mechanism 13 after the inefficacy, ladder frame 2 is to 3 one side swings of building wall, and people do not have time to leave ladder frame 2, lead to the finger of holding ladder frame 2 to be crushed, through protection

elastic block

49, 2 swing to 3 one sides of building wall at ladder frame, protection elastic block 49 can be at first with building wall 3 contacts, make 2 stop swinging of ladder frame, hold and leave the clearance between the finger of holding ladder frame 2 and building wall 3.

As shown in fig. 14, the end surface of the worm 31 located at one end in the fixing sleeve 40 is provided with a hexagonal groove 41, and when the worm 31 is driven, the worm 31 is driven to rotate by inserting an auxiliary hexagonal head into the hexagonal groove 41 of the worm 31.

As shown in fig. 6 and 15, the guardrail 1 is composed of a guardrail cross rod 42, a guardrail vertical rod 44 and a guardrail blocking rod 43; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods 42 are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod 43, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods 42 are arranged on one side of the ladder frame 2 back to the building wall 3 in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods 42 and the guardrail stop rod 43 fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail 1 unit; a plurality of guardrail 1 units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame 2 back to the building wall 3 from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail 1 units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods 44, and the hinged position of the guardrail vertical rod 44 and the corresponding guardrail cross rod 42 is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail cross rod 42, which is provided with the guardrail stop rod 43; the two guardrail cross rods 42 in the unit of the guardrail 1 at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with the two hinged rods 15 in the group of hinged rods 15 at the upper side in the three groups of hinged rods 15 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the guardrail 1 can swing relative to the ladder frame 2, an upper guardrail cross rod 42, a lower guardrail cross rod 42, a guardrail vertical rod 44 and a building wall 3 which are connected with the two guardrail cross rods 42 in the two groups of guardrail 1 units which are positioned on the same side form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and two groups of parallelogram mechanisms which are positioned on the same height and are formed by the guardrail cross rods 42, the guardrail vertical rods 44 and the building wall 3 are fixedly connected by two guardrail stop rods 43 which are distributed up and down, namely, the swinging of each position on the guardrail 1 is kept consistent in the swinging process of the guardrail 1; simultaneously because of two guardrail horizontal poles 42 in the guardrail 1 unit that is located the top and two articulated mast 15 one-to-one fixed connection in a set of articulated mast 15 of the top in multiunit articulated mast 15, so at the 3 wobbling in-process of 2 relative building walls of ladder frame, guardrail 1 also can be along with 2 relative building walls of ladder frame 3 swing together.

The two guardrail cross bars 42 in the unit of the guardrail 1 positioned at the uppermost side are fixedly connected with the two hinge bars 15 in the upper one of the hinge bars 15 in the plurality of groups of hinge bars 15 by welding.

As shown in fig. 6 and 15, the barrier bars 43 are fixedly installed on the upper sides of one ends of the two corresponding barrier rails 42, and are higher than the barrier rails 42; the guardrail blocking rod 43 is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of each of the two corresponding guardrail cross rods 42 and is higher than the worm wheel 33 of the guardrail cross rod 42; the barrier bar 43 is prevented from interfering with the barrier post 44 after being closed. The ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 designed in the invention are reasonably arranged and have reasonable length, so that the problem of interference after the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 are folded can be avoided. The connection arrangement mode of the invention is only one scheme in the arrangement modes, and other schemes arranged by the technicians in the field can be adopted, and the arrangement method belongs to the field of the prior art.

The worm 31 is driven by a key and a key groove, a key groove is formed on an end surface of the worm 31 located at one end in the fixing sleeve 40, and when the worm 31 is driven, the worm 31 is driven to rotate by inserting an auxiliary rod with a key into the key groove of the worm 31.

The specific working process is as follows: when the ladder stand designed by the invention is used, when the ladder stand 2 and the guardrail 1 need to be lifted upwards, firstly an auxiliary tool with a hexagonal head is inserted into a hexagonal groove 41 formed on the worm 31, then the worm 31 is driven to rotate, the worm 31 rotates to drive the worm wheel 33 to rotate, because the volute spring 34 arranged between the worm wheel 33 and the transmission rotating shaft 37 has pre-pressure and the pre-pressure of the volute spring 34 is enough to enable the worm wheel 33 to drive the transmission rotating shaft 37 to rotate through the volute spring 34, when the worm wheel 33 rotates, the worm wheel 33 drives the transmission rotating shaft 37 to rotate through the volute spring 34, the transmission rotating shaft 37 rotates to drive the second hinge shaft 26 connected with the transmission rotating shaft to rotate, the second hinge shaft 26 rotates to drive the corresponding hinge rod 15 to swing, the hinge rod 15 swings to drive the ladder stand 2 to swing upwards, and because the ladder stand 2, the building wall 3 and a plurality of groups of hinge rods 15 form different parallelogram mechanisms, the swing of each position on the ladder frame 2 is kept consistent in the swing process of the ladder frame 2, so that two hinged rods 15 installed through the first hinged mechanism 4 can swing correspondingly, two guardrail cross rods 42 fixedly connected with the hinged rods 15 installed through the first hinged mechanism 4 swing to drive two guardrail cross rods 42 positioned at the uppermost side to swing, an upper guardrail cross rod 42, a lower guardrail cross rod 42, a guardrail vertical rod 44 and a building wall 3, which are connected with the two guardrail cross rods 42, in two groups of guardrail 1 units positioned at the same side form a complete parallelogram mechanism, and two groups of parallelogram mechanisms positioned at the same height and composed of the guardrail cross rods 42, the guardrail vertical rods 44 and the building wall 3 are fixedly connected by two guardrail blocking rods 43 distributed up and down, namely, the swing of each position on the guardrail 1 is kept consistent in the swing process of the guardrail 1; so in the swing process of ladder frame 2 relative building wall 3, guardrail 1 also can be along with the relative building wall 3 of ladder frame 2 swings together.

When the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 are swung up and opened, the worm 31 is stopped being driven, the downward swinging of the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 is restrained by the spiral spring 34 due to the self-locking limit of the worm wheel 33 and the worm 31, and finally all the weight of the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 is borne by the two first sliding blocks 19 in the two first hinge mechanisms 4 and the four second sliding blocks 27 in the four second hinge mechanisms 13. The first slider 19 is supported by a first return spring 20, and the second slider 27 is supported by a second return spring 29. Because the overall weight of the ladder frame 2 and the guard rail 1 is relatively small, the first slider 19 is positioned at the uppermost side of the slide groove 25 in the corresponding first mounting case 21 under the action of the corresponding first return spring 20, and the second slider 27 is positioned at the uppermost side of the second mounting case 28 under the action of the corresponding second return spring 29.

When the climber starts to step on the ladder frame 2, the weight of the ladder frame 2 increases due to the weight of the climber, and the ladder frame 2 presses the first slider 19 and the second slider 27 downward through the hinge rod 15, so that the first slider 19 presses the first return spring 20 downward and the second slider 27 presses the second return spring 29 downward. During the pressing process, the first hinge shaft 18 cannot rotate relative to the first slider 19 under the action of the worm wheel 33, the worm 31 and the volute spiral spring 34, so that the square limiting block 22 arranged on the first hinge shaft 18 begins to only translate downwards; after the first sliding block 19 contacts with the corresponding first supporting bar 24, the second sliding block 27 also just contacts with the corresponding second supporting bar 30, and the whole gravity of the climber on the ladder frame 2, the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 is borne by the first supporting bar 24 and the second supporting bar 30; meanwhile, the square limiting block 22 also moves right to the square groove on the lower side of the corresponding square clamping groove, and the rotation of the square limiting block 22 is limited through the square groove, namely the rotation of the first hinge shaft 18 is limited; the first hinge shaft 18 cannot rotate, i.e., the swing of the two hinge levers 15 located at the upper side is limited; the ladder frame 2 is limited and cannot swing downwards; the climber may proceed to climb.

After the ladder frame 2 is used, when the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 are folded, the ladder frame 2 is separated due to a climber, the weight on the ladder frame 2 is reduced, the ladder frame 2 moves upwards wholly under the action of the first return spring 20 and the second return spring 29, the square limiting block 22 in the first hinge mechanism 4 is separated from the square groove on the lower side in the corresponding square clamping groove, the square clamping groove loses the limit on the square limiting block 22, the worm 31 is driven to rotate reversely, the worm 31 drives the worm wheel 33 to rotate reversely, the worm wheel 33 drives the transmission rotating shaft 37 to rotate through the first driving block 35 and the shifting block 36, the transmission rotating shaft 37 rotates to drive the second hinge shaft 26 connected with the transmission rotating shaft, the second hinge shaft 26 rotates to drive the corresponding hinge rod 15 to swing, the hinge rod 15 swings to drive the ladder frame 2 to swing downwards, and the ladder frame 2 drives the guardrail 1 to swing downwards to fold.

In the invention, when the ladder frame 2 and the guardrail 1 are retracted, the first slide block 19 is positioned at the uppermost side of the slide groove 25 in the corresponding first mounting shell 21 under the action of the corresponding first return spring 20, and the second slide block 27 is positioned at the uppermost side of the second mounting shell 28 under the action of the corresponding second return spring 29.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a protect function cat ladder that outdoor building or factory building used, it is including the ladder frame that is used for climbing, to climbing the guardrail that the eminence played the guard action, its characterized in that to the climber: one side of the ladder frame facing the building wall is hinged and installed on one side of the building wall through a plurality of groups of hinge rods which are uniformly distributed up and down; one end of each of two hinge rods in the group of hinge rods positioned at the upper side in the plurality of groups of hinge rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinged mode, and the other end of each of the two hinge rods is respectively arranged in the building wall through a first hinge mechanism; one end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods except the uppermost group of hinged rods is respectively connected with the ladder frame in a hinged mode, and the other end of each of the plurality of groups of hinged rods is respectively installed in the building wall through a second hinged mechanism;

the building wall is also internally provided with an adjusting mechanism which controls the lifting and the lowering of the ladder frame and the guardrail, and the ladder frame and the guardrail are in a self-locking state and are not allowed to be lowered under the action of the adjusting mechanism after being lifted; when a climber climbs, the first hinge mechanism has a structure which plays a role of locking the swinging of the hinge rod at the corresponding position;

it has guardrail storage tank, pin storage tank, step pole storage tank and ladder frame vertical pole storage tank that are used for storing guardrail and ladder frame to open on the building wall, puts down the back at ladder frame and guardrail, and ladder frame stores up in step pole storage tank and ladder frame vertical pole storage tank, and the guardrail stores up and stores up in guardrail storage tank and pin storage tank

A plurality of groups of articulated rod storage grooves are uniformly formed in the upper part and the lower part of the building wall, and a first mounting groove is formed in each side surface of each two articulated rod storage grooves in each group of articulated rod storage grooves; the two first hinge mechanisms are symmetrically arranged in the two first mounting grooves on the upper side, and the plurality of second hinge mechanisms are respectively arranged in the plurality of first mounting grooves on the lower side;

the first hinge mechanism comprises a first hinge shaft, a first sliding block, a first reset spring, a first mounting shell and a square limiting block, wherein the first mounting shell is internally provided with a sliding groove and a limiting clamping groove which are distributed leftwards and rightwards; the first mounting shell is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove; the first sliding block is installed in a sliding groove in the first installation shell in a sliding fit mode, and the first sliding block is located on the upper sides of the two first supporting strips; a first return spring is arranged between the lower end surface of the first sliding block and the lower end surface of the sliding chute; the first hinge shaft is installed on the first sliding block in a rotating fit mode, one end of the first hinge shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinge rod, a square limiting block is fixedly installed at the other end of the first hinge shaft, the square limiting block is located in the limiting clamping groove and is in limiting fit with the square groove in the limiting clamping groove, the square limiting block is located on the lower side of the square groove, when the square limiting block is inserted into the direction limiting groove, the square limiting block cannot rotate, and the square groove located on the upper side cannot interfere with the square limiting block in the rotating process of the square limiting block; the first hinge shaft penetrates through the first mounting shell;

the second hinge mechanism comprises a second hinge shaft, a second sliding block, a second return spring and a second mounting shell, wherein two second supporting strips are symmetrically mounted on two side faces in the second mounting shell, and the second mounting shell is fixedly mounted in the corresponding first mounting groove; the second sliding block is installed in the second installation shell in a sliding fit mode and is positioned on the upper sides of the two second supporting strips; a second reset spring is arranged between the lower end surface of the second sliding block and the lower end surface of the second mounting shell; the second hinged shaft is arranged on the second sliding block in a rotating fit mode, and one end of the second hinged shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding hinged rod; the second hinge shaft passes through the second mounting shell;

2. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a third mounting groove is formed in the inner end face of one of the two first mounting grooves on the lowest side of the building wall, and a second mounting groove penetrating through the building wall is formed in the end face, close to the building wall face, of the third mounting groove;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a worm, a connecting structure, a worm wheel, a volute spiral spring, a first driving block, a shifting block, a transmission rotating shaft and a second driving block, wherein a square through groove is formed in one side surface, back to the corresponding hinge rod, of the second mounting shell close to the third mounting groove; one end of the transmission rotating shaft penetrates through the square through groove to be fixedly connected with the corresponding second hinge shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft in a rotating fit mode, a volute spiral spring is arranged between the worm wheel and the transmission rotating shaft, the inner end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the transmission rotating shaft, and the outer end of the volute spiral spring is fixedly arranged on the end face of the worm wheel; the shifting block is arranged on the transmission rotating shaft, the first driving block and the second driving block are arranged on the end surface of the worm wheel, and the first driving block and the second driving block are matched with the shifting block; the worm wheel and the volute spiral spring are positioned in the third mounting groove; the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve are fixedly arranged on the corresponding second sliding blocks through a connecting structure, the worm is nested in the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the worm is positioned in the second mounting groove; the volute spiral spring has pre-pressure.

3. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the guardrail consists of a guardrail cross rod, a guardrail vertical rod and a guardrail stop rod; one ends of two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods are fixedly connected through a guardrail stop rod, the other ends of the two guardrail cross rods are arranged on one side of the ladder frame, which is opposite to the building wall, in a hinged mode, and the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods and the guardrail stop rod fixed at one end of the two symmetrically distributed guardrail cross rods form a complete guardrail unit; the plurality of guardrail units are uniformly arranged on one side of the ladder frame back to the building wall from top to bottom; two adjacent guardrail units are hinged and connected through two symmetrically distributed guardrail vertical rods, and the hinged position of each guardrail vertical rod and the corresponding guardrail transverse rod is positioned at one end of the corresponding guardrail transverse rod for installing the guardrail stop rod; two guardrail cross bars in the guardrail unit that is located the top correspond fixed connection with two articulated rods in a set of articulated rods of upside among three articulated rods one-to-one.

4. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: two rows of protective elastic blocks are symmetrically arranged at two ends of one side of the ladder frame, which is close to the building wall, from top to bottom.

5. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the end face of one end of the worm, which is positioned in the fixed sleeve, is provided with a hexagonal groove, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary hexagonal head is inserted into the hexagonal groove on the worm to drive the worm to rotate.

6. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 3, is characterized in that: install second sealing rubber on the side of above-mentioned ladder frame building wall dorsad, the hinge bar installs first sealing rubber on mentioning the up end after, installs third sealing rubber on the up end of the guardrail horizontal pole of guardrail, and fourth sealing rubber is installed to the upper end of guardrail pin, installs fifth sealing rubber on the side of guardrail montant.

7. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 6, is characterized in that: two guardrail cross bars in the above-mentioned guardrail unit that is located the top and two articulated rods in the upper side's a set of articulated rods in the multiunit articulated rod pass through welded mode fixed connection.

8. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the guardrail stop lever is fixedly arranged at the upper side of one end of each corresponding guardrail cross rod and is higher than the guardrail cross rods.

9. The ladder stand with the protection function for the outdoor buildings or the factory buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the driving mode of the worm is driven by a key and a key groove, the key groove is formed in the end face of one end, located in the fixed sleeve, of the worm, and when the worm is driven, the auxiliary rod with the key is inserted into the key groove in the worm to drive the worm to rotate.