CN111640812B - Photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes: a battery slice array, and the battery slice array includes N sets of battery string modules connected in series, wherein the Nth set of battery string modules is a series of parent unit strings, and the Nth set of battery string modules First bus bars are connected to both ends of the parent unit strings of the battery string modules, and each of the remaining battery string modules includes m series of parent unit strings connected in parallel, and each of the m series of parent unit strings A parent unit string includes A solar cells connected in series; the parent unit string in the Nth battery string module includes m subunit strings connected in parallel, and each subunit string includes B solar cells connected in series The number B of solar cells in the sub-unit string is 1/m of the number A of solar cells in the parent unit string, B=A/m; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 2. According to the photovoltaic module of the present invention, while ensuring the stability of the output current, the internal loss of the circuit is reduced, and the overall power is improved.

Description

Photovoltaic modules

This case is a divisional application with the application number 201711490232.X, the application date is December 30, 2017, and the invention name is "photovoltaic module".

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module.

Background technique

Due to the rapid growth of photovoltaic module market demand and the continuous innovation of photovoltaic module technology, photovoltaic modules continue to develop in the direction of higher power. Figure 1 is a diagram of the layout of basic solar cells 100' connected in series and bus bars 120' in a traditional photovoltaic module. The interconnection bar 110' at the lower end connects two adjacent strings in series, and another bus bar 120' is used at the upper end to lead out of the battery string and connect to the bypass diode 130'. That is to say, the traditional photovoltaic modules usually weld the entire battery in series. Based on the limitations of the structure of traditional photovoltaic modules, the power and conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic modules are low. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of low power and conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic modules Problems, sliced photovoltaic modules came into being.

Specifically, the sliced photovoltaic module is to divide the basic solar cell 100' into at least X sliced cells by laser scribing, and then connect the sliced cells in series to form sliced cell strings. At this time, the current of each sliced cell string 1/X of the basic solar cells; then connect X series of sliced cells in parallel to form a cell group, and increase the voltage in parallel to ensure the output power of the sliced photovoltaic modules. Since the current in the sliced photovoltaic module is reduced to 1/X of the original, the sliced photovoltaic module can effectively reduce the current mismatch of the cells in the module, and the current loss in the module itself is reduced, making it compatible with the same type of photovoltaic module (that is, traditional photovoltaic modules), the output power of sliced solar cells is about 10W higher, and it has the advantages of low temperature coefficient and good low light; and theoretically speaking, the smaller the sliced solar cell is, the smaller the basic solar cell is 100 'In comparison, the smaller the loss, the output power of sliced photovoltaic modules can be effectively improved, which is conducive to the promotion and use of sliced photovoltaic modules.

At the same time, as the current of sliced battery strings decreases, in order to ensure the power of sliced photovoltaic modules, the serial connection structure between sliced battery strings will also change accordingly. Therefore, the connection method and circuit structure of cells in traditional photovoltaic module circuits have changed. Not suitable for use in sliced photovoltaic modules.

In view of this, it is indeed necessary to optimize and improve photovoltaic modules to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, which can reduce the internal loss of the cell array in the photovoltaic module and improve the overall power of the photovoltaic module on the basis of ensuring the stability of the output current of the photovoltaic module.

The photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a battery slice array, the battery slice array is formed by series connection of N sets of battery string modules, wherein the Nth set of battery string modules is a series of mother cell strings, and the first Both ends of the parent unit strings of the N groups of battery string modules are connected with first bus bars, and each of the remaining battery string modules is formed by connecting m series of parent units in parallel, and the m series of parent unit strings are connected in parallel. Each parent unit string of A is connected in series by A pieces of solar cells; the mother unit string in the Nth battery string module is formed by m subunit series connected in parallel, and each subunit string is composed of B pieces of solar cells. The battery pieces are connected in series, the number B of the battery pieces of the sub-unit string is 1/m of the number A of the solar battery pieces of the parent unit string, B=A/m; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and m is greater than or equal to An integer equal to 2; N groups of battery string modules are arranged along the module arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic modules, and the m subunits of the Nth group of battery string modules The cell strings are arranged along the arrangement direction of the strings, and the m-series parent unit strings of each other group of the battery string modules are arranged along the arrangement direction of the modules, and each string of the remaining battery string modules is arranged The solar cell sheets of A sheet in the parent unit string are arranged along the string arrangement direction, and the B sheet solar cell sheets in each sub-unit string are arranged along the string arrangement direction.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery string modules of the Nth group are arranged on the same side of the other battery string modules.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes: a plurality of bus bars, two of which are respectively located on both sides of the N groups of battery string modules in the string arrangement direction, except for the The m strings of the parent unit strings of each group of the battery string modules other than the Nth group of the battery string modules are connected in parallel through the two of the bus bars, and the other bus bar is connected in parallel. One end is connected to one of the two bus bars, and the other end is connected between two adjacent subunit strings to realize parallel connection between two adjacent subunit strings.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, each group of battery string modules except the Nth group of battery string modules is connected in reverse parallel with a bypass diode.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the bypass diodes are located on the same side of the N groups of battery string modules in the string arrangement direction.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the solar cells has a long side and a short side perpendicular to each other, and the extending direction of the short side is the same as the string arrangement direction; each of the solar cells also includes a A third side disposed opposite to the long side, the angle between the third side and the short side is greater than 45 degrees and less than 135 degrees.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the angle between the third side and the short side is 90 degrees, the length ratio between the long side and the short side of the solar battery sheet is m.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cell array is composed of three groups of battery string modules connected in series, wherein the third group of battery string modules is a row of mother cell strings, and the remaining two groups of battery cells are connected in series. The string module is formed by connecting two rows of mother units in series and parallel, and one row of the mother unit string of the third battery string module includes two sub-unit strings, and the solar cells of the sub-unit strings The number of slices is 1/2 of the number of solar battery slices of the parent unit string.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, each string of mother cell strings includes 20 or 24 interconnected battery slices.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the string arrangement direction, the distance between two adjacent solar cells is 2-3 mm.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent female unit strings is 2-3 mm.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the solar battery sheet is 156-170mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the photovoltaic module of the present invention is provided with battery string modules connected in series, and controls the number and connection form of the parent unit strings in the battery string module, on the basis of ensuring the stability of the output current of the photovoltaic module, reducing The internal damage of the cell array in the small photovoltaic module increases the overall power of the photovoltaic module, and then achieves the purpose of reducing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module and reducing the hot spot effect of the photovoltaic module.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic module cell array in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic module cell array of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the solar cell in FIG. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cell array of a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary, and embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

The photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2-5 .

Please refer to FIG. 2, a photovoltaic module 100 disclosed in the present invention includes a cell array 1, a first encapsulation layer 2 and a second encapsulation layer 3 respectively arranged on both sides of the cell array 1, close to the The light-transmitting light-receiving layer 4 provided on the first encapsulation layer 2 and the backplane 5 provided close to the second encapsulation layer 3 .

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the cell array 1 is formed by connecting N sets of battery string modules 11 in series through bus bars 12 . Wherein, the battery string modules 11 are formed by a plurality of solar cells 13 via interconnection bars 14 and bus bars 12 , and each set of battery string modules 11 is connected with a bypass diode 15 in parallel.

The Nth group of battery string modules 11 is a series of mother unit strings 111, and the two ends of the mother unit strings 111 of the Nth group of battery string modules 11 are connected to the first bus bar 17, and each of the other battery string modules Group 11 is formed by connecting m series of mother unit strings 111 in parallel through the bus bar 12; the mother unit string 111 in the Nth battery string module 11 is formed by connecting m subunit strings 112 in parallel through the bus bar 12 , that is, in the present invention, the number of sub-unit strings 112 in the Nth battery string module 11 is equal to the number of parent unit strings 111 in each of the remaining battery string modules 11, and m is greater than or equal to 2 integer.

For example, in the example of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the first bus bar 17 is arranged on the side of the mother cell string 111 of the above-mentioned Nth battery string module 11 away from the rest of the battery string modules 11, that is, as shown in FIG. and the far right in Figure 5. In this way, the first bus bar 17 can be arranged outside the plurality of battery slices 13 in the mother unit string 111 of the Nth battery string module 11, and will not intersect with the battery slices 13, so as not to affect the function of the photovoltaic module 100. It works normally, and has no influence on the overall occupied space of the battery sheet 13 .

In the Nth group of battery string modules 11, each sub-unit string 112 is composed of B pieces of solar cells 13 connected in series; The solar cells 13 are connected in series through the interconnection bars 14; further, the number B of the solar cells 13 in the sub-unit string 112 is 1/m of the number A of the solar cells 13 in the parent unit string 111, that is B=A/m. Such setting reduces the internal damage of the cell array 1 in the photovoltaic module 100 and ensures the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 .

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the photovoltaic module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cell array 1, and the cell array 1 is composed of N groups of cell strings arranged along the module arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module 100 The modules 11 are connected in series. The Nth group of battery string modules 11 includes a series of mother unit strings 111. The mother unit strings 111 of the Nth group of battery string modules 11 are formed by parallel connection of m subunit strings 112 arranged along the string arrangement direction. The battery string module is formed by parallel connection of m series of mother unit strings 111 arranged along the module arrangement direction, and each of the m series of mother unit strings 111 of each battery string module 11 in the remaining battery string modules 11 is formed by A solar cells 13 arranged in series are connected in series, and each subunit string 112 is formed by connecting B solar cells 13 in series along the string arrangement direction, wherein B=A/m, and N and m are greater than An integer equal to 2.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned "string arrangement direction" can be understood as the arrangement direction of the A battery slices 13 in the parent unit string 111 (for example, the up-down direction in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 ), and the "module arrangement direction" It is a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of battery slices 13 of A in the mother cell string 111 (for example, the left-right direction in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 ).

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the photovoltaic module 100 further includes a plurality of bus bars 12 . In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more.

Two of the bus bars 12 are respectively located on both sides of the N battery string modules 11 in the string arrangement direction, and the m-series mother unit strings 111 of each of the other battery string modules 11 are connected in parallel through the above two bus bars 12 One end of another bus bar 12 (for example, the upper end in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 ) is connected to one of the two bus bars 12, and the other end (for example, the lower end in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 ) is connected to Two adjacent subunit strings 112 are connected in parallel to realize parallel connection between adjacent two subunit strings 112 .

For example, in the example of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, three sets of battery string modules 11 and three bus bars 12 are shown, and the three bus bars 12 may include a first sub-bus bar, a second sub-bus bar and a third sub-bus bar. bus bar. Wherein, the first sub-bus bar is located on the upper side of the cell array 1, the second sub-bus bar is located on the lower side of the cell array 1, and both the first sub-bus bar and the second sub-bus bar extend along the module arrangement direction . The third sub-bus bar extends along the string arrangement direction, and the upper end of the third sub-bus bar is connected to the first sub-bus bar, and the lower end of the third sub-bus bar is connected between two adjacent sub-unit strings 112 . Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned multiple bus bars 12, the series connection between N sets of battery string modules 11 can be well realized, and the m series of mother cell strings 111 of each of the remaining sets of battery string modules 11 can be realized. The parallel connection between them and the parallel connection between two adjacent subunit strings 112 is beneficial to reduce design and process difficulty, and the structure is simple.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the photovoltaic module 100 also includes at least one jumper 16 , the jumper 16 is located between adjacent two of the remaining battery string modules 11 , and the two ends of the jumper 16 are respectively connected to Two of the above-mentioned bus bars 12 are connected, and the other battery string modules 11 are connected in reverse parallel with a bypass diode 15 through a jumper wire 16 . For example, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the jumper wire 16 extends along the string arrangement direction, and the two ends of the jumper wire 16 are respectively connected to the first sub-bus bar and the second sub-bus bar. The examples shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 show three bypass diodes 15, two sets of battery string modules 11 located on the left side of the photovoltaic The other one of the diodes 15 is connected between the upper end of the interconnection bar 14 on the third battery string module 11 and the upper end of the third sub-bus bar. Therefore, by setting the above-mentioned jumper 16, the jumper 16 can facilitate the setting of the bypass diode 15, so that the bypass function can be realized when the battery string module 11 is shaded, so as to avoid overheating and damage to the photovoltaic module 100.

Optionally, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , multiple bypass diodes 15 are located on the same side of the N battery string modules 11 in the string arrangement direction. Such arrangement ensures that the bypass diode 15 can realize a good bypass function when the battery string module 111 is shaded, and at the same time makes the structure of the photovoltaic module 100 simple and convenient for arrangement.

In the present invention, the distance between two adjacent series of parent unit strings 111 is 2 to 3 mm, and each series of parent unit strings 111 includes 20 or 24 solar cells connected to each other through the interconnection bars 14 13, and along the extending direction of the interconnection bars 14, the distance between two adjacent solar cells 13 is 2-3 mm.

The solar battery sheet 13 is cut from a basic solar battery sheet (that is, the battery sheet 100' in FIG. 1 ) whose planar shape is roughly square. The surface of the solar cell 13 is provided with a busbar 131 connected to the interconnection bar 14; the solar cell 13 also has a long side 132 and a short side 133 perpendicular to each other, and the long side of the solar cell 132 The size is 156-170mm; the extension direction of the short side 133 is the same as the extension direction of the interconnection bar 14; and the busbar 131 is parallel to the short side 133; each of the solar cells 13 also includes For the third side 134 opposite to the long side 132 , the angle α between the third side 134 and the short side 133 is greater than 45 degrees and less than 135 degrees. When the angle between the third side 134 and the busbar 131 is 90 degrees, the length ratio between the long side 132 and the short side 133 of the solar cell 13 is m, that is, the solar cell The sheet 13 is arranged in a rectangular shape, which facilitates the cutting and preparation of the solar battery sheet 13 and facilitates welding and fixing.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the solar battery sheet 13 is obtained by cutting the basic solar battery sheet 100' in half, that is, the size of the solar battery sheet 13 is 1/1 of the basic solar battery sheet 100'. 2, and at this time, m=2, that is, in the present invention, the number of subunit strings 112 in the Nth group of battery string modules 11, and the number of parent unit strings 111 in each of the other groups of battery string modules 11 The number is equal to the number of cuts of the solar battery sheet 13 after being divided into equal parts, and both are m. Certainly, the cutting of the basic solar battery sheet 100' is not limited to the halving cutting, and can also be cut into thirds (m=3) or quarters (m=4) according to application requirements, so as to further reduce the size of the solar cell. The power loss of the sheet 13 is reduced, and the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 is increased.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural view of a cell array 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Groups 11' are connected in series, wherein the third group of battery string modules 11' is one row of mother cell strings 111', and the remaining two groups of battery string modules 11' are composed of two rows (m=2) of mother cell strings 111' connected in parallel; one row of mother unit strings 111' of the third group of battery string modules is divided into two subunit strings 112' connected in parallel with each other, and the number of solar cells 13 in the subunit strings 112' B is 1/2 of the number A of solar cells in the mother unit string 111 ′.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the Nth set of battery string modules 11 is arranged on the same side of the remaining battery string modules 11 above. For example, in the examples shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , three sets of battery string modules 11 are shown, and the third set of battery string modules 11 is arranged on the right side of the remaining two sets of battery string modules 11 . In this way, the circuit design of the photovoltaic module 100 is simple, convenient to arrange, and has a high aesthetic appearance.

It should be noted that, in the photovoltaic module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, only the number of groups N=3 of the battery string modules 11 is used as an example for illustration. Of course, in other embodiments, the number N of battery string modules 11 in the photovoltaic module 100 can also be other positive integers greater than or equal to 2, and the specific value of the number N of battery string modules 11 is listed here No restrictions.

In summary, the photovoltaic module 100 of the present invention is based on ensuring the stability of the output current of the photovoltaic module 100 by setting the battery string modules 11 connected in series and controlling the number and connection form of the parent unit strings 111 in the battery string modules 11. Above all, the internal damage of the cell array 1 in the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced, the overall power of the photovoltaic module 100 is increased, and then the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced, and the hot spot effect of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced.

Other configurations and operations of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Axial", "Radial", "Circumferential" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, use a specific Azimuth configuration and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "first feature", "second feature" and "third feature" may include one or more of these features

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

In the description of this specification, references to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

Claims (12)

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising:

the solar cell module comprises a cell array, a first bus bar and a second bus bar, wherein the cell array is formed by connecting N groups of cell string modules in series, the Nth group of cell string modules is a string of mother cell strings, two ends of the mother cell strings of the Nth group of cell string modules are connected with the first bus bar, the rest groups of cell string modules are formed by connecting m strings of mother cell strings in parallel, and each mother cell string in the m strings of mother cell strings is formed by connecting A solar cells in series; the mother cell string in the Nth group of cell string modules is formed by connecting m sub-cell strings in series and in parallel, each sub-cell string is formed by connecting B solar cells in series, the number B of the cells in the sub-cell string is 1/m of the number A of the solar cells in the mother cell string, and B = A/m; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

the solar cell string comprises N groups of cell string modules, wherein the cell string modules are arranged along a module arrangement direction vertical to a string arrangement direction of a photovoltaic module, the Nth group of cell string modules comprises m sub-unit strings, wherein the sub-unit strings are arranged along the string arrangement direction, all the sub-unit strings are arranged in all the groups, m string mother unit strings of the cell string modules are arranged along the module arrangement direction, all the sub-unit strings are arranged in all the groups, each string of the cell string modules comprises A pieces, the solar cell pieces are arranged along the string arrangement direction, and all the sub-unit strings comprise B pieces, and the solar cell pieces are arranged along the string arrangement direction.

2. The pv module of claim 1 wherein the nth group of said string modules is disposed on the same side of the remaining string modules.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising:

the bus bars are respectively positioned on two sides of the N groups of battery string modules in the string arrangement direction, m strings of the mother unit strings of each group of battery string modules except the Nth group of battery string modules are connected in parallel through the two bus bars, one end of the other bus bar is connected with one of the two bus bars, and the other end of the other bus bar is connected between the two adjacent sub unit strings so as to realize the parallel connection between the two adjacent sub unit strings.

4. The pv module according to claim 3 wherein each of the cell string modules other than the nth cell string module is connected in anti-parallel with a bypass diode.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the bypass diodes are located on the same side of the N groups of the cell string modules in the string arrangement direction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each of the solar cells has a long side and a short side perpendicular to each other, and the short side extends in the same direction as the string arrangement direction; every solar wafer still include with the long edge sets up relatively the third edge, the third edge with contained angle between the short side is greater than 45 degrees and is less than 135 degrees.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein when the included angle between the third side and the short side is 90 degrees, the ratio of the lengths of the long side and the short side of the solar cell is m.

8. The PV module of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the cell array is formed by connecting 3 groups of the cell string modules in series, wherein the 3 rd group of the cell string modules is 1 row of the mother cell string, and the remaining 2 groups of the cell string modules are formed by connecting 2 rows of the mother cell string in parallel, the 1 row of the mother cell string of the 3 rd group of the cell string modules comprises 2 sub-cell strings, and the number of the solar cells of the sub-cell strings is 1/2 of the number of the solar cells of the mother cell string.

9. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-5 wherein each string of female unit strings comprises 20 or 24 interconnected cell pieces.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent solar cells along the string arrangement direction is 2 to 3mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent strings of mother units is 2 to 3mm.

12. The photovoltaic module of any of claims 1-5 wherein the solar cell sheet has a long dimension of 156-170 mm.

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