CN111638313A - Method for detecting quality of steel ingot - Google Patents
Method for detecting quality of steel ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN111638313A CN111638313A CN202010524948.2A CN202010524948A CN111638313A CN 111638313 A CN111638313 A CN 111638313A CN 202010524948 A CN202010524948 A CN 202010524948A CN 111638313 A CN111638313 A CN 111638313A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/202—Constituents thereof
- G01N33/2022—Non-metallic constituents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/202—Constituents thereof
- G01N33/2022—Non-metallic constituents
- G01N33/2025—Gaseous constituents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the quality of a steel ingot, which comprises the following steps: selecting a forged rod with a cut water gap and a cut dead head as a part to be detected; carrying out quality detection on the to-be-detected piece; and calibrating the part to be detected which meets the requirements into a qualified part and using the qualified part for subsequent product processing. The forged rod is a material which is obtained after the steel ingot is cogging and forged according to the specified forging ratio and meets the process requirements, so that the influence of insufficient comparability of results on the detection result caused by different forging conditions is eliminated. In the process of processing the forged bar into the forged piece finished product, mechanical processing is mainly adopted, and the material performance is not greatly influenced, so that the quality of the forged piece finished product can be effectively predicted according to the quality detection result of the forged bar, the quality of the forged piece finished product is truly reflected, the forged bar meeting the requirement is marked as a qualified piece and used for subsequent product processing, the qualification rate of the forged piece finished product is improved, and the economic loss of a manufacturer is reduced. And the production plan is more fit, and the execution is simple and quick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quality detection, in particular to a method for detecting the quality of a steel ingot.
Background
With the development of transmission technology, the demand for high-quality gear forged steel parts is continuously increased, and the technical requirements are also continuously improved. At present, most of gear forged steel parts mainly use steel ingots as blanks, and the quality of the forged steel parts mainly depends on the control of the process flows of smelting, forging, heat treatment after forging and the like, wherein the quality of the steel ingots directly relates to the quality of finished products of the gear forged parts.
At present, the quality evaluation of steel ingots is generally divided into two types, the first type is evaluated through the production process and quality control of a steel ingot manufacturer, but the quality of the steel ingots is uneven because the production and manufacturing process and the quality control of the steel ingot manufacturer are not refined and perfect enough, and key factors and conditions influencing the production quality of the steel ingots are not paid attention and controlled effectively. And secondly, the quality evaluation of the finished forged piece products which are already produced has the defects that the feedback period of detection is extremely long, and the rejected forged piece products can be produced once unqualified detection occurs, so that unnecessary economic loss can be caused to steel ingot manufacturers and forging manufacturers.
Therefore, how to effectively detect the quality problem of the forged piece finished product and reduce the economic loss of a manufacturer is a problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting the quality of a steel ingot, which can effectively detect the quality problem of a forged piece finished product so as to reduce the economic loss of a manufacturer.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting the quality of a steel ingot comprises the following steps: selecting a forged rod with a cut water gap and a cut dead head as a part to be detected; carrying out quality detection on the to-be-detected piece; and calibrating the part to be detected which meets the requirements into a qualified part and using the qualified part for subsequent product processing.
Preferably, the quality detection of the part to be detected comprises: respectively cutting to-be-detected blocks with preset thicknesses from two ends of the to-be-detected piece; and respectively cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected, and carrying out quality detection on the sample blocks.
Preferably, follow examine the both ends of examining the piece and surely get the piece of examining of presetting thickness respectively, include: follow the radial follow of waiting to examine the piece wait to examine the both ends of examining the piece and surely get the piece of waiting to examine of presetting thickness respectively.
Preferably, follow examine radial follow of examining the piece examine the both ends of examining the piece and surely get the piece of examining of presetting thickness respectively, include: and respectively cutting the blocks to be detected with the thickness of 20-25mm from the two ends of the piece to be detected along the radial direction of the piece to be detected.
Preferably, the cutting of a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be tested and the quality detection of the sample blocks comprise: cutting a sample strip with the width of 20-25mm at the maximum diameter position of the block to be detected along the axial direction, equally dividing the sample strip into 10 parts, and sequentially numbering the sample strips along the length direction to be No. 1-10, wherein the No. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 sample blocks are used for carrying out belt-shaped detection, the No. 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 sample blocks are used for carrying out chemical composition, non-metal inclusion amount and segregation detection, and the rest part of the block to be detected is used for carrying out low power detection.
Preferably, the step of cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected and detecting comprises: respectively cutting 50 x 25mm sample segments at the circle center of the block to be detected and positions 0.2r, 0.4r, 0.6r and 0.8r away from the circle center, sequentially numbering the sample segments as 1-5, respectively equally dividing the sample segment No. 1-5 into two sample blocks of 25 x 25mm, respectively using one sample block of the sample segment No. 1-5 for strip detection, using the other sample block of the sample segment No. 1-5 for chemical composition, non-metal inclusion content and segregation detection, and using the rest part of the block to be detected for low power detection, wherein r is the radius of the block to be detected.
Preferably, the sample segments No. 1-5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the block to be detected.
Preferably, the cutting of a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be tested and the quality detection of the sample blocks comprise: and cutting two sample blocks with the diameter of 4-5mm and the length of more than 30mm from the block to be detected for gas content detection.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: cutting a to-be-detected block with a preset thickness from the middle part of the to-be-detected piece; and cutting a plurality of sample blocks from the block to be detected, and detecting the quality of the sample blocks.
According to the method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot, the forged rod of the water gap and the riser is used as a part to be detected, and the quality of the part to be detected is detected. In the process of processing the forged bar into the forged piece finished product, mechanical processing is mainly adopted, and the material performance is not greatly influenced, so that the quality of the forged piece finished product can be effectively predicted according to the quality detection result of the forged bar, the quality of the forged piece finished product is truly reflected, the forged bar meeting the requirement is marked as a qualified piece and used for subsequent product processing, the qualification rate of the forged piece finished product is improved, and the economic loss of a manufacturer is reduced.
The quality detection is carried out at the source of the finished product of the forged piece, namely the forged rod, the quality detection is carried out, the quality problem of the finished product of the forged piece is found in advance, the risk and the economic loss caused by unqualified subsequent products are avoided, and the quality detection information can be fed back to a manufacturer of the forged rod, so that the manufacturer can adjust a production plan in time according to the detection result, and the delivery progress of the final product is ensured. Meanwhile, the scrapped loss of the forged piece finished product after anatomical verification by a manufacturer can be reduced. And the production plan is more fit, and the execution is simple and quick.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a specific embodiment of a method for steel ingot quality detection provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cut coupon;
figure 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cut coupon.
Wherein, 1-sample block, 2-sample strip and 3-sample segment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a method for detecting the quality of steel ingots, which can effectively detect the quality problem of finished products of forgings so as to reduce the economic loss of manufacturers.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for detecting quality of a steel ingot according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cut coupon; figure 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cut coupon.
The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot comprises the following steps: step S1: selecting a forged rod with a cut water gap and a cut dead head as a part to be detected; step S2: carrying out quality detection on the to-be-detected piece; step S3: and calibrating the part to be detected which meets the requirements into a qualified part and using the qualified part for subsequent product processing.
The forged rod with the cut water gap and the riser is of a cylindrical structure, the forged rod is a material which is obtained after steel ingots are cogging and forged and meets the technological requirements, the forged rod is a material before the forged rod is processed into a finished product of the forged piece, and in the process of processing the forged rod into the finished product of the forged piece, mechanical cutting is mainly carried out, so that the material performance of the forged rod cannot be greatly influenced.
According to the method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot, the forged rod of the water gap and the riser is used as a part to be detected, and the quality of the part to be detected is detected. In the process of processing the forged bar into the forged piece finished product, mechanical processing is mainly adopted, and the material performance is not greatly influenced, so that the quality of the forged piece finished product can be effectively predicted according to the quality detection result of the forged bar, the quality of the forged piece finished product is truly reflected, the forged bar meeting the requirement is marked as a qualified piece and used for subsequent product processing, the qualification rate of the forged piece finished product is improved, and the economic loss of a manufacturer is reduced.
The quality detection is carried out at the source of the finished product of the forged piece, namely the forged rod, the quality detection is carried out, the quality problem of the finished product of the forged piece is found in advance, the risk and the economic loss caused by unqualified subsequent products are avoided, and the quality detection information can be fed back to a manufacturer of the forged rod, so that the manufacturer can adjust a production plan in time according to the detection result, and the delivery progress of the final product is ensured. Meanwhile, the scrapped loss of the forged piece finished product after anatomical verification by a manufacturer can be reduced. And the production plan is more fit, and the execution is simple and quick.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in view of the specific manner of performing quality detection on the forged bars, as a preferable mode, the quality detection on the workpiece to be detected includes: respectively cutting to-be-detected blocks with preset thicknesses from two ends of a to-be-detected piece; and respectively cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected, and carrying out quality detection on the sample blocks. That is, in the present embodiment, the quality test is performed by cutting off the sample blocks at both ends of the forged rod, so that the normal use of the forged rod is not affected.
On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in view of the concrete mode of examining the piece from the excision of forging stick, as an optimization, examine the piece from examining the both ends of examining the piece and surely get the piece of examining of predetermineeing thickness respectively, include: the blocks to be examined of presetting thickness are surely got respectively from the both ends of examining the piece to be examined along examining the radial of examining the piece. That is, in the present embodiment, the sample block is cut from both ends of the forged rod in the radial direction of the forged rod to obtain a sample block having a uniform thickness, thereby improving the detection uniformity.
On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, considering the concrete thickness of examining the piece of examining from the forging rod excision, as an optimization, examine the piece of examining of predetermineeing thickness along examining the radial both ends of examining the piece and cutting respectively from examining the piece, include: blocks to be inspected having a thickness of 20 to 25mm are cut from both ends of the piece to be inspected in the radial direction of the piece to be inspected, respectively. Of course, blocks to be inspected with other thicknesses can be cut off as required.
In a first embodiment of cutting sample blocks from a block to be inspected, as shown in fig. 2, the method for cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be inspected and performing quality inspection on the sample blocks includes:
cutting a sample strip with the width of 20-25mm at the maximum diameter position of the block to be detected along the axial direction, equally dividing the sample strip into 10 parts, sequentially numbering the sample strips along the length direction to be No. 1-10, and obtaining 10 parts of sample blocks sequentially numbering the sample strips along the length direction to be No. 1-10, wherein the sample blocks No. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 are used for carrying out belt detection, the sample blocks No. 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 are used for carrying out chemical composition, non-metal inclusion amount and segregation detection, and the rest part of the block to be detected is used for carrying out low power detection.
In this embodiment, the mode of adopting along the diameter direction multiple spot sampling of forging rod for the sample is more even, and the sample position is more purposeful and pertinence, thereby guarantees the accuracy of detecting the structure.
In a second embodiment of cutting sample blocks from a block to be inspected, as shown in fig. 3, the cutting and inspecting of a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be inspected includes:
respectively cutting 50 x 25mm sample segments at the circle center of a block to be detected and positions 0.2r, 0.4r, 0.6r and 0.8r away from the circle center, sequentially numbering the sample segments as 1-5, respectively equally dividing the sample segment 1-5 into two sample segments of 25 x 25mm, respectively using one sample segment of the sample segments 1-5 for strip detection, using the other sample segment of the sample segments 1-5 for chemical composition, non-metal inclusion amount and segregation detection, and using the rest part of the block to be detected for low power detection, wherein r is the radius of the block to be detected. Specifically, sample segments No. 1-5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the block to be detected.
Similarly, the embodiment adopts another multipoint sampling mode, namely uniform sampling is carried out in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the forging rod, and the purpose and the pertinence are also achieved, so that the accuracy of the detection structure can be ensured.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is also possible to cut out a sample piece with a suitable size on the block to be tested according to other testing requirements, and perform corresponding testing, for example, cut out several sample pieces from each block to be tested, and perform quality testing on the sample pieces, including: two sample blocks with the diameter of 4-5mm and the length of more than 30mm are cut from the block to be detected and are used for detecting the gas content.
In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, in consideration of the fact that the length of some forged rods is large, it is preferable that only the two ends of the forged rods are detected, and the mass of the forged rods cannot be accurately reflected, and the method further includes: cutting a to-be-detected block with a preset thickness from the middle part of the to-be-detected piece; cutting a plurality of sample blocks from the block to be detected, and carrying out quality detection on the sample blocks. The forging rod quality testing device can ensure accurate quality testing of forging rods with larger lengths and improve the testing reliability.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting the quality of a steel ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a forged rod with a cut water gap and a cut dead head as a part to be detected;
carrying out quality detection on the to-be-detected piece;
and calibrating the part to be detected which meets the requirements into a qualified part and using the qualified part for subsequent product processing.
2. The method for quality inspection of steel ingots according to claim 1, wherein the quality inspection of the part to be inspected comprises:
respectively cutting to-be-detected blocks with preset thicknesses from two ends of the to-be-detected piece;
and respectively cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected, and carrying out quality detection on the sample blocks.
3. The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot according to claim 2, wherein the blocks to be detected with a preset thickness are respectively cut from both ends of the piece to be detected, and the method comprises the following steps:
follow the radial follow of waiting to examine the piece wait to examine the both ends of examining the piece and surely get the piece of waiting to examine of presetting thickness respectively.
4. The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot according to claim 3, wherein the blocks to be detected of a preset thickness are respectively cut from both ends of the piece to be detected in the radial direction of the piece to be detected, and the method comprises the following steps:
and respectively cutting the blocks to be detected with the thickness of 20-25mm from the two ends of the piece to be detected along the radial direction of the piece to be detected.
5. The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot according to claim 4, wherein the step of cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected and detecting the quality of the sample blocks comprises the following steps:
cutting a sample strip with the width of 20-25mm at the maximum diameter position of the block to be detected along the axial direction, equally dividing the sample strip into 10 parts, and sequentially numbering the sample strips along the length direction to be No. 1-10, wherein the No. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 sample blocks are used for carrying out belt-shaped detection, the No. 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 sample blocks are used for carrying out chemical composition, non-metal inclusion amount and segregation detection, and the rest part of the block to be detected is used for carrying out low power detection.
6. The method for detecting the quality of the steel ingot according to claim 4, wherein the step of cutting a plurality of sample blocks from each block to be detected and detecting the sample blocks comprises the following steps:
respectively cutting 50 x 25mm sample segments at the circle center of the block to be detected and positions 0.2r, 0.4r, 0.6r and 0.8r away from the circle center, sequentially numbering the sample segments as 1-5, respectively equally dividing the sample segment No. 1-5 into two sample blocks of 25 x 25mm, respectively using one sample block of the sample segment No. 1-5 for strip detection, using the other sample block of the sample segment No. 1-5 for chemical composition, non-metal inclusion content and segregation detection, and using the rest part of the block to be detected for low power detection, wherein r is the radius of the block to be detected.
7. The method for steel ingot quality inspection according to claim 6, wherein the sample sections No. 1 to No. 5 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the block to be inspected.
8. A method for steel ingot quality inspection according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the cutting of several blocks from each of the blocks to be inspected and the quality inspection of the blocks comprise:
and cutting two sample blocks with the diameter of 4-5mm and the length of more than 30mm from the block to be detected for gas content detection.
9. A method of steel ingot quality inspection according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized by further comprising:
cutting a to-be-detected block with a preset thickness from the middle part of the to-be-detected piece;
and cutting a plurality of sample blocks from the block to be detected, and detecting the quality of the sample blocks.
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| CN114814115A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco bale moisture measurement method and system based on cut tobacco flake moisture assignment |
| CN114814115B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-12-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco bale moisture measurement method and system based on cut tobacco flake moisture assignment |
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