CN111638269B

CN111638269B - Pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high bearing platform pile quality detection

Info

Publication number: CN111638269B
Application number: CN202010456816.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王奎华; 涂园; 邱欣晨; 吴君涛; 赵爽
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-26
Also published as: CN111638269A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for detecting the quality of a high-bearing-platform pile, and belongs to the field of foundation test detection. The invention improves the traditional side-hole transmission wave method, and presses the detector into the foundation soil close to the pile side by combining the mode of pressing the probe rod in the static sounding, thereby avoiding the defects of high cost, long time consumption, long hole distance and the like of traditional punching (especially water punching), and simultaneously improving the accuracy of the detection result. The segmented hollow probe rod for static sounding is modified, the detector is arranged at the bottom of the probe rod in the probe rod, and a data line of the detector can penetrate out of the center of the probe rod so as to realize signal acquisition of foundation soil vibration. The pile body clamp platform is used as a counter-force platform of hydraulic equipment and an excitation platform of the pile body, drilling and pulling-out of the probe rod in the foundation are achieved through movement of the hydraulic cylinder, and finally detection of soil body vibration waveforms in the full-length range of the pile body can be achieved.

Description

Pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high bearing platform pile quality detection

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of foundation detection and testing, and particularly relates to a pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for detecting the quality of a high-bearing-platform pile.

Background

The high pile cap foundation is widely applied to bridges and wind power platforms crossing river, lake and sea water areas, is easy to damage due to long-term effects of corrosion, scouring, wave load, earthquake, possible artificial damage (vehicle and ship impact) and the like, and is difficult to discover due to concealment. The common diseases of the underwater pile foundation include diseases such as reduction of section impedance and breakage of a pile body caused by steel bar corrosion, concrete peeling and riverbed scouring, the damage degree of the pile foundation is detected and defined in time, and the performance or the bearing capacity of the pile foundation in continuous service under different damage degrees is evaluated very important.

As a pile body integrity detection method, the side-hole transmission wave method has the advantages of strong signal, less interference, capability of reflecting pile body defects and pile body quality information below the defects and the like, and is widely applied to pile foundation detection, particularly to the existing constructional engineering piles. The method is characterized in that the pile side or the foundation side connected with the pile is excited, a detector is suspended in a measuring hole filled with water beside the pile to receive transmitted wave signals, and according to the relation between the first arrival time and the depth of a P wave and the waveform change, the information of the pile body and foundation soil wave speed, the pile length and the like can be determined and simultaneously the position of potential defects of the pile body can be analyzed. The side hole transmission method mainly has the following points to be improved in the application of high-platform pile detection at present:

1. the horizontal distance between the side hole and the pile to be detected is too large, the propagation time of P waves (PP waves for short) and S waves (PS waves for short) transmitted to the side hole by a pile body P wave in soil accounts for a ratio, and the influence of the layered characteristics of the foundation soil on a side hole transmission method cannot be ignored, particularly for an unsaturated foundation, the influence of the layered characteristics of the foundation soil on the P wave speed is obvious, and the accuracy of a test result can be greatly improved by reducing the horizontal distance between the side hole and the pile to be detected. However, due to the influence of drilling equipment, the horizontal distance between a side hole on the project and a detected pile cannot be controlled to be small enough at present;

2. the construction process of the side hole is relatively complex, the consumed time is long, the drilling cost is high, and the efficiency and the economy of pile foundation testing are reduced to a certain extent;

3. the traditional side-hole transmission wave method is provided with a sleeve pipe between the soil layer and the detector, and the existence of the sleeve pipe has adverse effect on the detection precision of the detector.

To address these drawbacks, the method herein is proposed: a transmission wave method for pressing a pile side into a probe is designed by combining the detection principle of the existing side hole transmission wave method, the static sounding sectional probe rod is improved, a three-way high-sensitivity acceleration sensor is fixed in the probe, and is pressed into foundation soil at different depths, and information such as pile foundation defects and the like is detected by horizontally knocking or vertically knocking a pile body for multiple times. The method can save the punching cost, save a large amount of time and is convenient to operate; due to low requirement on operation space, the sensor can be closer to the pile body, and the sensitivity of test data and the accuracy of results are improved; in addition, different from the traditional side hole transmission method in which a sleeve and clean water exist between the sensor and the soil layer, the probe of the method is directly attached to the soil layer, so that the test signal is more accurate. The method has good practical value in the aspect of rapid detection of damage of the high bearing platform pile after the high bearing platform pile is impacted by earthquake and vehicles and ships.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the traditional side hole transmission wave method in the quality detection of the high-bearing-platform pile, a novel pile side pressing-in probe transmission wave method is provided by combining a static sounding method, and the method can be used for quickly detecting other damages of the existing building high-bearing-platform pile foundation in the earthquake, vehicle and ship impact and service processes.

The main inventive concepts of the present invention are summarized as follows: the high-sensitivity acceleration sensor is fixed inside a probe rod for static sounding, and then a plurality of sections of probe rods are pressed into foundation soil by using hydraulic equipment to be used as a detection device for measuring information of a knocked pile body. The pile body is provided with a fixed clamp platform for providing counter force for hydraulic equipment, and meanwhile, the clamp platform can be used as an excitation platform of the pile body, and finally horizontal or vertical excitation is selected according to the detection purpose, and the pile body information is judged according to the waveform characteristics.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for detecting the quality of a high bearing platform pile comprises the following steps:

step 1, fixing a hydraulic cylinder on the side part of a pile body to be tested through a clamp platform, and keeping a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder vertically downward; the clamp platform is provided with an excitation bearing part, and the excitation bearing part and the pile body to be tested form rigid conduction and are used as acting points for applying excitation on the pile body to be tested by external excitation equipment;

step 2, a probe rod formed by connecting and assembling a plurality of sections of hollow rod bodies penetrates through a clamp platform, and a detector is arranged in a probe at the bottom of the probe rod; adjusting the height of the probe rod to enable the probe to be just level to the surface of the foundation of the pile body to be tested, keeping a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder in a contraction state, adjusting the releasable clamp to be positioned below the tail end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and performing releasable relative fixation between the probe rod and the releasable clamp; the data line of the detector penetrates out along the center of the probe rod and then is connected with external data acquisition equipment;

step 3, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to extend by using the hydraulic pump, so that the piston rod applies downward pressure to the probe rod through the releasable clamp to drive the probe rod to drill into the preset depth of the foundation;

step 4, applying preset excitation to an excitation bearing part on the clamp platform by using external excitation equipment, transmitting the applied excitation to the pile body to be tested through the clamp platform, detecting a soil body vibration signal of the excitation by using a detector, and acquiring and maintaining the soil body vibration signal by using data acquisition equipment;

step 5, continuously repeating the

steps

3 and 4, and collecting soil body vibration signals of different foundation depths; when the distance that the piston rod needs to move downwards next time exceeds the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the releasable clamp are kept in a separable state, and the hydraulic pump drives the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to retract so that the tail end of the piston rod is separated from the releasable clamp; then the releasable clamp and the feeler lever are detached and separated, the releasable clamp moves upwards relative to the original fixed position and is readjusted to be positioned below the tail end of the piston rod, the feeler lever and the releasable clamp are relatively fixed, and the

steps

3 and 4 are repeated continuously until the waveform information in the full pile length range in the foundation is obtained;

and 6, after the test is finished, relatively fixing the releasable clamp and the tail end of the piston rod, keeping the probe rod and the releasable clamp relatively fixed, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to retract through the hydraulic pump, pulling the probe rod upwards, pulling the probe rod away from the foundation, and recycling the probe rod.

Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder has a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder is supported on the releasable clamp in a balanced manner to synchronously apply the downward pressure.

Preferably, the part fixed with the pile body to be tested in the clamp platform is a hoop matched with the cross section of the pile body, the hoop is formed by assembling two semi-hoop bodies, and the hoop is detachably fixed on the pile body.

Preferably, the plurality of sections of hollow rod bodies are sequentially connected through the turnbuckles, and when the length of the probe rod cannot meet the requirement, the rest hollow rod bodies are continuously connected to the hollow rod body at the top.

Preferably, the releasable clamp provides counter-force support for the hydraulic cylinder; in the drilling process of the probe rod, the releasable clamp and the end part of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder keep a non-fixed jacking state; during the process of recovering the probe rod, the releasable clamp and the end part of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder are kept relatively fixed.

Preferably, the hydraulic pump and the data acquisition equipment are both mounted on a test ship.

Preferably, the detection device is mounted on a test ship before detecting the pile body to be detected, and is mounted and detected after being carried by the test ship to the vicinity of the pile body to be detected

Preferably, the detector adopts a three-way acceleration sensor, and is fixed on the inner wall of the probe.

Preferably, the external excitation equipment is a knocking hammer, and the knocking hammer horizontally or vertically knocks an excitation bearing part on the clamp platform to apply excitation once to the pile body to be tested.

Preferably, after the data acquisition equipment acquires the waveform information in the full pile length range in the foundation, the pile body quality is determined by the side-hole transmission wave method principle.

The invention improves the traditional side-hole transmission wave method, and presses the detector into the foundation soil close to the pile side by combining the mode of pressing the probe rod in the static sounding, thereby avoiding the defects of high cost, long time consumption, long hole distance and the like of traditional punching (especially water punching), and simultaneously improving the accuracy of the detection result. The invention can save drilling cost, save pile foundation detection time, improve the accuracy of detection results, and has more convenient detection construction mode compared with the traditional transmission wave method and good engineering application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission wave pile body quality detection device of a pile side pressing-in probe of a high bearing platform;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the transmission wave pile body quality detection device of the pile side pressing-in probe of the high bearing platform on the pile body;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first construction state during inspection;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second construction state during inspection;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third construction state during inspection;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fourth construction state during inspection;

the reference numbers in the figures are: the device comprises a clamp platform 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a detachable clamp 3, a wave detector 4, a probe rod 5, a probe 6, a data line 7, a hydraulic pump 8, an excitation device 9, a pile body to be tested 10, a pile body crack 11, a test ship 12, a cross beam 13, a bridge deck 14 and a data acquisition device 15.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation steps.

The invention provides a transmission wave method of a pile side pressing-in probe for detecting the quality of a high-bearing-platform pile, and a construction method and a device thereof. The basic principle, device, connection mode and function of the transmission wave method of the pile side pressing-in probe are explained below.

The high pile cap foundation is widely applied to bridges and wind power platforms spanning river, lake and sea water areas, a bridge deck 14 is erected above a pile body through a cross beam 13, and the bottom of the pile body extends into a water surface A and enters a bearing layer of a foundation.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the device for detecting the quality of the transmission wave pile body of the pile side pressing-in probe of the high bearing platform comprises a clamp platform 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a releasable clamp 3, a wave detector 4, a probe rod 5 and a data acquisition device 15, and the installation state of the device is shown in fig. 2. The fixture platform 1 can be divided into three parts according to functions, namely an excitation bearing part, a pile body fixing part and a hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The pile body fixing piece is used for fixing the pile body 10 to be tested, and the fixing between the pile body fixing piece and the pile body 10 to be tested is detachable and fixed, so that the whole device can be recycled. In this embodiment, the pile body fixing member is a clamp matched with the cross section of the pile body 10 to be tested, for example, if the pile body is circular, the inner ring of the clamp is also circular with the same size, and if the pile body is square, the inner ring of the clamp is also square with the same size. The clamp is formed by two half-clamp bodies which are detachably assembled, and the connecting position of the clamp can be fixed by bolts and the like. The excitation bearing part is rigidly connected with the pile body fixing part and is used as an acting point for applying excitation on the pile body 10 to be tested by the external excitation equipment 9. In this embodiment, the whole fixture platform 1 is made of metal, the vibration excitation bearing component is a flat metal block protruding from the clamp, the external vibration excitation device 9 generally adopts a knocking hammer, the knocking hammer directly knocks on the metal block, and the metal block is connected with the pile body 10 to be tested through the clamp, so that a rigid conduction structure is formed, and vibration excitation on the pile body can be generated.

The pneumatic cylinder mounting is for seting up the fixed flat board of bolt hole, and on the cylinder body rear end cap of pneumatic cylinder 2 was fixed in the pneumatic cylinder mounting, both passed through the detachable connection of bolt and fixed. The hydraulic pump 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 2 are connected through a hydraulic oil pipe to form a hydraulic driving system, and power can be provided for drilling the hydraulic cylinder 2 at a position far away from the pile body. The hydraulic cylinder 2 takes a piston rod as a displacement output end, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is vertically downward. The hydraulic cylinders 2 are intended to exert a vertically downward pressure on the releasable clamp, and therefore in order to maintain balance while providing a sufficient amount of pressure, the hydraulic cylinders 2 should have two or more, and each hydraulic cylinder 2 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the releasable clamp 3, with its piston rod bearing in balance against the releasable clamp 3.

The main function of the releasable clamp 3 is to transmit the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to the probe 5, so that the probe 5 can be pressed into the ground while transmitting the pulling force of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to the probe 5 during the lifting of the probe 5. Therefore, the fixing part of the probe rod 5 is required to be arranged in the releasable clamp 3, the fixing part is a detachable fixing part, and the clamped state of the probe rod 5 can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction requirement. The fixing piece can be realized by a buckle, a pressing sleeve, a bolt fastener and the like. In addition, a connection fixture between the releasable clamp 3 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is also needed, but should be detachable, for example by means of a bolt connection. Generally speaking, can not be in the same place with hydraulic cylinder piston rod top is fixed when probe rod 5 drills into, when needing to retrieve probe rod 5 in the ground after the test, fixes both again, extracts the ground with probe rod 5 through the hydraulic cylinder piston rod, accomplishes high bearing platform stake quality testing once. The size, shape, etc. of the shaft clamp platform 1 and the releasable clamp 3 need to be determined according to the pile diameter, the size of the probe 5, etc.

The probe rod 5 is used for fixing the probe 6 at the bottom of the probe rod, conducting force and providing a placing space for the data line. The clamp platform 1 is provided with a hole for accommodating the top of the probe rod 5, and the probe rod 5 is vertically arranged through the clamp platform 1. The probe rod 5 is formed by connecting and assembling a plurality of hollow rod bodies, the hollow rod bodies are connected in sequence through turnbuckles, and the length of the probe rod can be flexibly adjusted. When the length of the probe rod 5 can not meet the requirement, the rest hollow rod bodies are continuously connected to the hollow rod body at the top. The upper part of the probe rod 5 is clamped and fixed in a releasable way by a fixing part, and the bottom of the probe rod is provided with a probe 6. The wave detector 4 is arranged in the probe 6, and a data wire 7 of the probe 6 extends out along the inner cavity of the probe rod 5 and is connected with a data acquisition device 15.

In this embodiment, the detector 4 is a three-way acceleration sensor, and the detector 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the probe 6. Therefore, the device adopts a mode of pressing in a probe rod in static sounding to replace a mode of punching and fixing a detector in a hole in the traditional side hole transmission wave method, so that the horizontal distance between the detector and a detected pile can be reduced, and meanwhile, a probe with the detector inside can be directly attached to the side soil of the pile, so that a better test signal, higher measurement precision and accuracy can be obtained.

In addition, because the high bearing platform pile is positioned on the water surface, the detection is convenient, in the embodiment, the test ship 12 can be prepared, and the hydraulic pump 8 and the data acquisition equipment 15 are all carried on the test ship 12. After the clamp platform 1, the hydraulic cylinder 2, the releasable clamp 3, the wave detector 4, the probe rod 5 and the probe 6 are installed, the hydraulic pump 8 and the data acquisition equipment 15 are still placed on the test ship 12.

In order to avoid the defect that the pile side needs to be punched in the traditional side-hole transmission wave method, the invention presses the probe rod 5 of the built-in detector 4 (a triaxial acceleration sensor) into the pile side foundation in a static sounding mode. The hydraulic cylinder 2 provides power for the probe rod 5 to be pressed into the soil, and can play a role in accurately controlling the position of the detector 4 along with the downward pressing of the probe rod 5. Because can loosen and dismantle and fix between anchor clamps 3 and the probe rod 5 as required, consequently can loosen after the one stroke of pneumatic cylinder 2 and the probe rod 5 between, move up to the next loading position of probe rod 5 or on another section of probe rod 5, realize probe rod 5 and constantly drill downwards to drive wave detector 4 and get into in the foundation soil. In the process of drilling the probe 5 downwards, the pile body clamp platform 1 is knocked horizontally or vertically by using a vibration hammer, so that vibration signals at different depths in foundation soil can be collected and analyzed.

In combination with the device, the invention further describes in detail the pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for detecting the quality of the high-bearing-platform pile, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, the detection devices are all carried on a test ship 12 before detecting the pile body 10 to be detected, and are installed after being carried to the position near the pile body 10 to be detected by the test ship 12. Fix the pneumatic cylinder 2 at the pile body 10 lateral part that awaits measuring through anchor clamps platform 1 earlier, and keep the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder 2 perpendicularly downwards, but the pine takes off anchor clamps 3 and provides the counter-force for pneumatic cylinder 2 and support. The clamp platform 1 is provided with the vibration excitation bearing part, and the vibration excitation bearing part and the pile body to be tested 10 form rigid conduction and are used as acting points for applying vibration excitation to the pile body to be tested 10 by the external vibration excitation equipment 9. The fixture platform 1 should keep a certain distance with the beam 13 and the bridge floor 14 above at the fixed position of the pile body, and enough space needs to be reserved to meet the requirement of knocking and exciting.

And 2, penetrating a probe rod 5 formed by connecting and assembling a plurality of sections of hollow rod bodies through the clamp platform 1, wherein a detector 4 is arranged in a probe 6 at the bottom of the probe rod 5. Then adjusting the height of the probe rod 5 to ensure that the probe 6 is just level with the foundation surface (namely mud surface B) of the pile body 10 to be tested, keeping the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 in a contraction state, adjusting the releasable clamp 3 to be positioned below the tail end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and performing releasable relative fixation between the probe rod 5 and the releasable clamp 3; the data line 7 of the detector 4 is connected with an external data acquisition device 15 after penetrating out along the center of the probe rod 5. The final state is shown in fig. 3.

And 3, driving a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to extend by using the hydraulic pump 8, so that the piston rod applies downward pressure to the probe rod 5 through the releasable clamp 3, and driving the probe rod 5 to drill into the preset depth of the foundation, as shown in fig. 4.

And 4, applying preset excitation on the excitation bearing part on the clamp platform 1 by using external excitation equipment 9, wherein the external excitation equipment 9 is a knocking hammer, and the knocking hammer horizontally or vertically knocks the excitation bearing part on the clamp platform 1 to apply primary excitation on the pile body 10 to be tested. The applied excitation is transmitted to a pile body 10 to be tested through the clamp platform 1, a soil body vibration signal of the excitation is detected by the wave detector 4, and the soil body vibration signal is collected and maintained by the data collection equipment 15;

and 5, continuously repeating the

steps

3 and 4, and collecting soil body vibration signals of different foundation depths.

However, it should be noted that, since the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is limited, the detection of the whole pile body cannot be completed in a single stroke, when the distance that the piston rod needs to move downwards next time exceeds the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the releasable clamp 3 are kept in a separable state, and the hydraulic pump 8 drives the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to retract, so that the tail end of the piston rod is separated from the releasable clamp 3, as shown in fig. 5. Then the releasable clamp 3 is detached from the probe rod 5, the releasable clamp 3 is moved upward relative to the original fixed position and readjusted to be located below the end of the piston rod, and the probe rod 5 and the releasable clamp 3 are fixed relatively to each other, as shown in fig. 6. And then, continuing to repeat the

steps

3 and 4 until the waveform information within the full pile length range in the foundation is obtained.

And 6, after the test is finished, relatively fixing the releasable clamp 3 and the tail end of the piston rod, keeping the probe rod 5 and the releasable clamp 3 relatively fixed, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 to retract through the hydraulic pump 8, pulling the probe rod 5 upwards, pulling the probe rod away from the foundation, and recycling the probe rod 5.

It should be noted that, in the above process, during the drilling process of the probe rod 5, the releasable clamp 3 and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 are in a non-fixed pressing state; during the retraction of the feeler lever 5, the releasable clamp 3 remains fixed relative to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2.

In the invention, after the data acquisition equipment 15 acquires the waveform information in the full pile length range in the foundation, the quality of the pile body is determined by the side-hole transmission wave method principle, and whether the pile length meets the requirement or not, whether the pile body has a pile body crack 11 or not and the like are judged.

The basic principle of the side-hole transmitted wave method belongs to the prior art, and for better understanding, the following is briefly described as follows: the method is characterized in that stress waves are generated by vertically knocking on the pile top surface (or upper structures such as a bearing platform and a pile cap connected with the pile top) by using vibration excitation equipment and are transmitted downwards along a pile body. The method comprises the steps of drilling a hole in advance beside a pile, burying an acoustic pipe, putting a sensor into the acoustic pipe and adjusting the depth according to measurement requirements. When the stress wave meets the surrounding soil layer for transmission, the sensor arranged in the acoustic survey pipe beside the pile receives a transmission wave signal, so that waves of different depths are read, and a relation graph of first arrival time and depth is drawn. When the sensor is lower than the pile bottom, the sound speed will change, an inflection point is displayed on the time-depth map, the length of the pile is deduced according to the position where the slope of the straight line in the map changes, the slopes of the two straight lines can be respectively used for deducing the average wave speed of the pile body and the wave speed of the pile bottom bearing layer, and the quality of the pile body can be judged based on the information. In the invention, the probe rod 5 is equivalent to a sound measuring tube in the traditional side-hole transmission wave method, and the probe 6 with the built-in wave detector 4 is pressed into different ground depths through the probe rod 5, which is equivalent to moving the wave detector up and down in the sound measuring tube to adjust the height. Therefore, by the detector 4 of the invention, after waveform information in the whole pile length range is obtained, a relation graph of the first arrival time and the depth can be drawn for judging the pile body quality.

According to the technical scheme, the method for pressing the probe into the pile side of the high-bearing-platform pile is designed, so that the defects of the traditional side-hole transmission wave method are overcome, and the quality of the pile body is rapidly detected. The invention can reduce the horizontal distance between the detector and the pile to be detected, avoids the punching cost and the construction time, greatly improves the accuracy of the pile body quality detection result, saves the detection time and the cost, is convenient to operate, and is particularly suitable for detecting the pile body damage of the existing high bearing platform pile of the building such as a bridge under the external force.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the type and size of the hydraulic system, the shape and size of the clamp platform and the probe rod, etc. can be changed according to the actual engineering requirements. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for detecting the quality of a high-bearing-platform pile is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, fixing a hydraulic cylinder (2) at the side part of a pile body (10) to be tested through a clamp platform (1), and keeping a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) vertically downward; the clamp platform (1) is provided with an excitation bearing part, and the excitation bearing part and the pile body (10) to be tested form rigid conduction and are used as an acting point of external excitation equipment (9) for applying excitation on the pile body (10) to be tested;

step 2, a probe rod (5) formed by connecting and assembling a plurality of sections of hollow rod bodies penetrates through the fixture platform (1), and a detector (4) is arranged in a probe (6) at the bottom of the probe rod (5); then adjusting the height of the probe rod (5) to enable the probe (6) to be just level with the surface of the foundation of the pile body (10) to be tested, keeping the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) in a contraction state, adjusting the releasable clamp (3) to be positioned below the tail end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and performing releasable relative fixation between the probe rod (5) and the releasable clamp (3); a data line (7) of the detector (4) penetrates out along the center of the probe rod (5) and then is connected with external data acquisition equipment (15);

step 3, a hydraulic pump (8) is utilized to drive a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) to extend, so that the piston rod exerts downward pressure on the probe rod (5) through the releasable clamp (3) to drive the probe rod (5) to drill into a preset depth position of the foundation;

step 4, applying preset excitation to an excitation bearing part on the clamp platform (1) by using external excitation equipment (9), transmitting the applied excitation to a pile body (10) to be tested through the clamp platform (1), detecting a soil body vibration signal of the excitation by using the detector (4), and collecting and maintaining the soil body vibration signal by using data collection equipment (15);

step 5, continuously repeating the steps 3 and 4, and collecting soil body vibration signals of different foundation depths; when the distance that the piston rod needs to move downwards next time exceeds the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder (2), the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) and the releasable clamp (3) are kept in a separable state, and the hydraulic pump (8) drives the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) to retract, so that the tail end of the piston rod is separated from the releasable clamp (3); then the releasable clamp (3) is detached from the probe rod (5), the releasable clamp (3) moves upwards relative to the original fixed position and is readjusted to be positioned below the tail end of the piston rod, the probe rod (5) and the releasable clamp (3) are relatively fixed, and the steps 3 and 4 are repeated continuously until waveform information in the full pile length range in the foundation is obtained;

step 6, after the test is finished, relatively fixing the releasable clamp (3) and the tail end of the piston rod, keeping the probe rod (5) and the releasable clamp (3) relatively fixed, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) to retract through the hydraulic pump (8), pulling the probe rod (5) upwards, pulling the probe rod away from the foundation, and recycling the probe rod (5);

the releasable clamp (3) provides counter-force support for the hydraulic cylinder (2); in the drilling process of the probe rod (5), the releasable clamp (3) and the end part of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) keep a non-fixed jacking state; in the process of recovering the probe rod (5), the releasable clamp (3) and the end part of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) are kept relatively fixed.

2. The pile-side press-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high-bearing-platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (2) is provided with a plurality of cylinders, and the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder (2) is supported on the releasable clamp (3) in a balanced manner to synchronously apply downward pressure.

3. The pile side pressing-in probe transmission wave detection method for high bearing platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the fixture platform (1) fixed with the pile body (10) to be detected is a hoop matched with the cross section of the pile body, and the hoop is formed by assembling two half hoop bodies which are detachably fixed on the pile body.

4. The pile side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high bearing platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, wherein the multiple sections of hollow rod bodies are connected in sequence through turnbuckles, and when the length of the probe rod (5) cannot meet the requirement, the rest hollow rod bodies are continuously connected to the hollow rod body at the top.

5. The pile-side pressing-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high-platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic pump (8) and the data acquisition equipment (15) are both mounted on a test vessel (12).

6. The pile-side penetration probe transmitted wave detection method for high-platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, wherein the detection device is mounted on a test ship (12) before the detection of the pile body (10) to be detected, and is mounted and detected after being carried by the test ship (12) to the vicinity of the pile body (10) to be detected.

7. The pile side intrusion probe transmitted wave detection method for high platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, wherein the wave detector (4) adopts a three-way acceleration sensor, and the wave detector (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the probe (6).

8. The pile side press-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high cushion cap pile quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the external excitation device (9) is a rapping hammer, and the rapping hammer horizontally or vertically strikes an excitation bearing part on the fixture platform (1) to apply excitation to the pile body (10) to be detected.

9. The pile-side press-in probe transmitted wave detection method for high-bearing-platform pile quality detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the data acquisition equipment (15) acquires waveform information in the whole pile length range in the foundation and then determines the pile body quality by the side-hole transmitted wave principle.