CN116147867A - Bridge safety detection method and system - Google Patents
Bridge safety detection method and system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116147867A CN116147867A CN202310185995.2A CN202310185995A CN116147867A CN 116147867 A CN116147867 A CN 116147867A CN 202310185995 A CN202310185995 A CN 202310185995A CN 116147867 A CN116147867 A CN 116147867A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- detection
- concrete
- bridge
- data
- detecting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/80—Indicating pH value
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/52—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by measuring extent of rebound of a striking body
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bridge safety detection method and system, and relates to the technical field of bridge detection. The bridge safety detection method comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring all state information inside a bridge through an information acquisition unit; s2, converting the acquired state information into data information, and transmitting the data information to a data processing unit through a data remote transmission unit; s3, the data processing unit preprocesses each item of data and stores the processed information in the data storage unit; s4, transmitting the processed information to a data analysis unit, and analyzing each item of data through the data analysis unit. According to the method, the damage conditions possibly occurring on the surface and the inside of each potential damage area are safely evaluated, so that the final bridge safety index is obtained, complex bridge finite element model fitting is avoided, the detection reliability is ensured, and meanwhile, the efficiency of bridge safety detection is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge detection, in particular to a bridge safety detection method and system.
Background
Nowadays, along with the continuous development of economy, traffic facilities are also continuously increased, wherein bridges are an important part of the traffic facilities, and the increase of existing household vehicles and heavy construction vehicles makes the bearing capacity of the bridges difficult to adapt to the rapid growth of traffic loads, and the bridges are used in overload environments for a long time and are easy to crack, in addition, weather changes are very often one of main reasons for causing the cracks to occur, the cracks not only reduce the bearing capacity of the bridges, but also easily enter moisture and harmful substances in the cracks to cause corrosion of reinforcing steel bars and aging of concrete, so that the bearing capacity of the bridges is damaged, and the service life of the bridges is reduced.
The bridge is inevitably damaged by various structures in the long-term use process, and the damage can be caused by artificial factors such as improper use and maintenance, traffic accidents and the like, and natural factors such as earthquake, typhoon and environmental corrosion. Along with the long-term action of natural factors such as the increase of the service time of the bridge, the environment and the like, the continuous increase of traffic and the number of heavy vehicles, the safety and the service function of the bridge structure are also inevitably degraded. The existing mainstream technology for detecting the safety of the bridge relies on finite element analysis to model the bridge and optimize parameters of a finite element model, so that the calculation amount is huge, the time complexity is high, and the efficiency of detecting the safety of the bridge is low.
Therefore, a person skilled in the art provides a method and a system for detecting bridge safety, so as to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a bridge safety detection method and system, and the method obtains the final bridge safety index by carrying out safety evaluation on the possible damage conditions on the surface and the inside of each potential damage area, avoids complex bridge finite element model fitting, effectively improves the efficiency of bridge safety detection while guaranteeing the detection reliability, and solves the problems of low efficiency of bridge safety detection by means of finite element analysis, modeling the bridge and optimizing the parameters of the finite element model, huge calculation amount and high time complexity.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bridge safety detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring all state information inside a bridge through an information acquisition unit;
s2, converting the acquired state information into data information, and transmitting the data information to a data processing unit through a data remote transmission unit;
s3, the data processing unit preprocesses each item of data and stores the processed information in the data storage unit;
s4, transmitting the processed information to a data analysis unit, and analyzing each item of data through the data analysis unit;
s5, transmitting the analyzed data information to a data display terminal for result display;
s6, finally, evaluating the safety state of the bridge to obtain the safety index of the bridge to be detected.
Preferably, the detection method of each state information of the bridge in the step S1 includes a rebound detection method, a dynamic test method and a load test method;
the rebound detection method is a method for detecting the compressive strength of concrete by using a rebound instrument, wherein the rebound instrument is a mechanical nondestructive testing instrument, and as a certain relation exists between the compressive strength of the concrete and the surface hardness of the concrete, a rebound hammer of the rebound instrument is struck on the surface of the concrete by a certain elasticity, and the rebound height (the rebound value is read by the rebound instrument) and the surface hardness of the concrete are also in a certain proportional relation;
the dynamic test method is a basic test item of a dynamic measurement and evaluation method, the content is mainly the test and analysis of the dynamic characteristics and dynamic load response of the structure, and the main measured part is the control section of the dynamic stress and dynamic deformation of the structural dynamic effect maximum component. In general, the detection project mainly comprises a bridge dynamic characteristic modal parameter test (frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio) and a bridge dynamic response test (dynamic deflection, dynamic stress, acceleration and impact coefficient);
the bridge dynamic load test is a test for applying dynamic load such as running automobile load or other dynamic load to a bridge structure to measure the dynamic characteristics of the structure and judge the influence of impact and vibration on the bridge structure under the dynamic load. The actual bearing capacity of the bridge is judged according to the comparative analysis of the test result and the theoretical calculated value by adopting a vehicle loading mode to measure the strain, deflection and crack of the beam.
Preferably, the detection content in the step S1 includes bridge structure detection, where the bridge structure detection includes structural material detection, foundation base detection and superstructure detection;
detecting structural materials, wherein the structural materials comprise mechanical property detection of steel materials, detection of sand, stone, water and cement; detecting mortar and concrete; detecting fracture parameters; and (5) testing damage mechanical parameters. For reinforced concrete bridges, the material detection mainly comprises structural member materials, strength, defect, corrosion condition and the like of concrete and steel bars, and a nondestructive detection method is generally adopted;
foundation detection, wherein foundation detection content comprises foundation bearing capacity detection and detection when a sinking well descends; pile foundation detection; and (5) detecting a tubular column. When the abutment is found to have settlement, inclination and displacement, the foundation must be detected. The detection of the foundation of the bridge is difficult and troublesome, and the method of sounding and drilling sampling can be used, and the load board test can be used, so that the rock foundation is often only detected in situ near the foundation, and the detection can be carried out at the outcrop site of the bedrock;
the upper structure detection, the upper structure detection content includes: detecting the quality of the beam structure, and detecting a support and a telescopic device; bridge deck and related facilities detection. The grade of the bridge is generally determined through appearance detection, and then necessary load tests are carried out according to the requirements of the bridge operation environment and related units.
Preferably, the method for detecting the bridge structure comprises material defect detection, steel bar corrosion detection, dynamic response detection of the bridge structure and concrete strength detection, wherein the method for detecting the material defect comprises a visual inspection auxiliary method, an ultrasonic flaw detection technology, an acoustic wave detection method and a radar monitoring technology;
visual inspection assistance, in which defects of a wide variety of components are commonly leaked, and visual inspection can be performed by means of assistance devices such as appropriate tools or gauges;
ultrasonic flaw detection technology, which uses ultrasonic pulse velocity method to detect cracks, hollows, slag inclusion, fire damage and the like existing in steel, welding seams and concrete;
the acoustic wave detection method is a common means in general inspection, and a hammer is used for knocking the component to hear the difference of sound so as to judge whether the component is damaged, so that the method is a simple and convenient manual inspection method;
the radar monitoring technology can detect concrete bridge decks with asphalt coatings using electromagnetic echo methods of pulsed radar.
Preferably, the steel bar corrosion detection can be divided into direct assessment and indirect assessment, and the steel bar corrosion direct assessment comprises the following technologies:
1) Resistance detector technology and linear polarization detection technology, both of which must be implemented in new structure construction and cannot be used for old structures;
2) The half-cell potentiometric method is to effectively measure the pole potential of the rebar in concrete by comparing it with the pole potential of a known and constant reference cell. It can only indicate whether the steel is likely to rust, but cannot provide data on the rate of rust. The method is the only unbroken technology which can be used for directly detecting the corrosion of the concrete reinforcing steel bar by the existing structure. The device is simple, is convenient for in-situ detection in site, and is widely applied to the evaluation of the durability of the reinforced concrete structure;
3) The weight loss method and the section loss method or the dent depth measurement method are all required to intercept a test piece of the corroded steel bar on the component for detection, are all local damage tests, and only represent local corrosion rate.
The indirect assessment of the corrosion of the steel bar comprises the following technologies:
1) Detecting whether the thickness of the protective layer of the reinforcing steel bar is enough or not by using a protective layer tester;
2) The resistivity of the concrete was measured. The resistivity of concrete is related to the water content and is one of factors for controlling corrosion of the steel bars, and the higher the resistivity is, the weaker the corrosion current is;
3) Testing the content of chloride ions in the concrete;
4) The concrete was tested for depth of carbonization. Spraying 2% phenolphthalein alcohol solution on fresh fracture of concrete, and displaying red color when PH is more than 10, which indicates that the concrete is not carbonized; at pH > 10, the mixture remained colorless, indicating carbonization. If the carbonization depth reaches the reinforced bar part, the concrete loses the protection effect, and the reinforced bar can be corroded;
5) And detecting air permeability. The method is mainly used for in-situ evaluation of the resistance of the concrete to carbonization and harmful ion erosion, so that the possibility of corrosion of the steel bars is indirectly evaluated.
Preferably, the dynamic response detection of the bridge structure adopts a vibration mode method to detect, the vibration mode of the bridge can be generally obtained by using a conventional test mode test analysis method, and the change of the vibration mode parameters of the bridge structure can be obtained by measuring the vibration responses of different parts, so that the working state of the structure is determined;
vibration methods have the advantage of being cost effective and safer to use than other non-destructive inspection methods, and vibration mode methods have been successfully used in many other fields, such as mechanical failure diagnosis.
Preferably, the concrete strength detection comprises a rebound method, an ultrasonic detection method, an ultrasonic-rebound synthesis method, a core drilling method and a pulling-out method;
the rebound method is used for measuring the quality of concrete, and the rebound method is simple to operate and convenient to carry, so that the rebound method is widely applied to evaluating the strength of industrial and civil buildings, bridge engineering and general structures and evaluating the uniformity of structural concrete at home and abroad;
the ultrasonic detection method can detect the defect of the concrete and detect the strength of the concrete by ultrasonic waves. Practice proves that the quality of the cast-in-place pile concrete is accurate by adopting the method, but the ultrasonic wave propagation speed in the concrete is influenced by a plurality of factors, such as the influence of the arrangement direction of the steel bars in the concrete, the influence of different aggregates and particle diameters, the influence of the cement ratio, the age and maintenance condition of the concrete and the influence of the strength grade of the concrete;
and the ultrasonic-rebound synthesis method is a method for detecting the same concrete area by utilizing an ultrasonic method and a rebound method. It can make up for the inherent defect of single method, and make up. The method is a combination of two methods of ultrasonic and rebound, is simple and convenient to operate and convenient to carry, can reduce or offset influence factors of the measurement intensity of a plurality of single methods, and can reflect the quality of concrete more comprehensively;
the core drilling method uses the matching machines of the core drilling machine, the drill bit, the cutting machine and the like to drill core samples on the structural members, and directly presumes the strength or defects of the structural members through the compressive strength of the core samples. The method is simple, convenient, visual, high in precision and strong in representativeness, is an effective method for detecting the strength and the quality of the concrete in a semi-damaged detection structure, which is widely implemented in recent years at home and abroad, and is one of important methods for treating engineering quality accidents;
the extraction method is a method for extracting an anchor mounted in concrete, measuring a limit extraction force, and estimating the concrete strength of a concrete structural member to be measured by using a correlation between the limit extraction force and the concrete strength established in advance. The extraction methods are divided into two categories: the first is a pre-buried pulling-out method, namely pulling out an anchoring piece pre-buried in concrete from the concrete, and measuring the pulling-out force by using a dynamometer; the other is a post-assembly extraction method, i.e. drilling holes in hardened concrete and then anchoring the anchor to perform an extraction test.
Preferably, the bridge safety detection system comprises an information acquisition unit, a data remote transmission unit, a data processing unit, a data storage unit, a data analysis unit and a data display terminal, wherein the information acquisition unit comprises a nondestructive detection module, a dynamic load detection module, an impact detection module and a load test module, the nondestructive detection module comprises a structural material detection assembly, a foundation detection assembly and an upper structure detection assembly, the information acquisition unit is connected with the data remote transmission unit through wireless signal transmission, the data remote transmission unit is connected with the data processing unit through wireless signal transmission, the data processing unit is connected with the data storage unit, and the data storage unit is connected with the data analysis unit and the data display terminal.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a bridge safety detection method and system. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. the invention provides a method and a system for detecting bridge safety, wherein the system detects various information of a bridge through an information acquisition unit, processes detected data through a data processing unit, and performs data analysis through a data analysis unit, so that various data of the bridge can be effectively detected, the working current situation of the bridge can be objectively known, the bearing performance of the bridge can be accurately estimated through the bridge safety detection, guidance is provided for the safety operation of the bridge, and meanwhile, technical basis can be provided for the maintenance and reinforcement of the bridge.
2. The invention provides a bridge safety detection method and system, which are used for carrying out safety detection on bridge data in various modes, collecting the conditions inside the bridge in real time through an information collecting unit, analyzing and processing, timely finding out cracks and other defects inside the bridge, timely remedying the cracks and other defects, and further effectively prolonging the service life of the bridge.
3. The invention provides a bridge safety detection method and system, which are used for obtaining a final bridge safety index by carrying out safety evaluation on the possible damage conditions on the surface and the inside of each potential damage area, avoiding complex finite element model fitting of the bridge, ensuring the detection reliability and effectively improving the efficiency of bridge safety detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system components of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the bridge safety inspection method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting bridge safety, including the following steps:
s1, acquiring all state information inside a bridge through an information acquisition unit;
s2, converting the acquired state information into data information, and transmitting the data information to a data processing unit through a data remote transmission unit;
s3, the data processing unit preprocesses each item of data and stores the processed information in the data storage unit;
s4, transmitting the processed information to a data analysis unit, and analyzing each item of data through the data analysis unit;
s5, transmitting the analyzed data information to a data display terminal for result display;
s6, finally, evaluating the safety state of the bridge to obtain the safety index of the bridge to be detected.
The method for detecting the state information of the bridge in the step S1 comprises a rebound detection method, a dynamic test method and a load test method;
the rebound detection method is a method for detecting the compressive strength of concrete by using a rebound instrument, wherein the rebound instrument is a mechanical nondestructive testing instrument, and as a certain relation exists between the compressive strength of the concrete and the surface hardness of the concrete, a rebound hammer of the rebound instrument is struck on the surface of the concrete by a certain elasticity, and the rebound height (the rebound value is read by the rebound instrument) and the surface hardness of the concrete are also in a certain proportional relation;
the dynamic test method is a basic test item of a dynamic measurement and evaluation method, the content is mainly the test and analysis of the dynamic characteristics and dynamic load response of the structure, and the main measured part is the control section of the dynamic stress and dynamic deformation of the structural dynamic effect maximum component. In general, the detection project mainly comprises a bridge dynamic characteristic modal parameter test (frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio) and a bridge dynamic response test (dynamic deflection, dynamic stress, acceleration and impact coefficient);
the bridge dynamic load test is a test for applying dynamic load such as running automobile load or other dynamic load to a bridge structure to measure the dynamic characteristics of the structure and judge the influence of impact and vibration on the bridge structure under the dynamic load. The actual bearing capacity of the bridge is judged according to the comparative analysis of the test result and the theoretical calculated value by adopting a vehicle loading mode to measure the strain, deflection and crack of the beam.
The detection content in the step S1 comprises bridge structure detection, wherein the bridge structure detection comprises structural material detection, foundation detection and superstructure detection;
detecting structural materials, wherein the structural materials comprise mechanical property detection of steel materials, detection of sand, stone, water and cement; detecting mortar and concrete; detecting fracture parameters; and (5) testing damage mechanical parameters. For reinforced concrete bridges, the material detection mainly comprises structural member materials, strength, defect, corrosion condition and the like of concrete and steel bars, and a nondestructive detection method is generally adopted;
foundation detection, wherein foundation detection content comprises foundation bearing capacity detection and detection when a sinking well descends; pile foundation detection; and (5) detecting a tubular column. When the abutment is found to have settlement, inclination and displacement, the foundation must be detected. The detection of the foundation of the bridge is difficult and troublesome, and the method of sounding and drilling sampling can be used, and the load board test can be used, so that the rock foundation is often only detected in situ near the foundation, and the detection can be carried out at the outcrop site of the bedrock;
the upper structure detection, the upper structure detection content includes: detecting the quality of the beam structure, and detecting a support and a telescopic device; bridge deck and related facilities detection. The grade of the bridge is generally determined through appearance detection, and then necessary load tests are carried out according to the requirements of the bridge operation environment and related units.
The method for detecting the bridge structure comprises the steps of material defect detection, steel bar corrosion detection, dynamic response detection of the bridge structure and concrete strength detection, wherein the method for detecting the material defect comprises a visual inspection auxiliary method, an ultrasonic flaw detection technology, a sound wave detection method and a radar monitoring technology;
visual inspection assistance, in which defects of a wide variety of components are commonly leaked, and visual inspection can be performed by means of assistance devices such as appropriate tools or gauges;
ultrasonic flaw detection technology, which uses ultrasonic pulse velocity method to detect cracks, hollows, slag inclusion, fire damage and the like existing in steel, welding seams and concrete;
the acoustic wave detection method is a common means in general inspection, and a hammer is used for knocking the component to hear the difference of sound so as to judge whether the component is damaged, so that the method is a simple and convenient manual inspection method;
the radar monitoring technology can detect concrete bridge decks with asphalt coatings using electromagnetic echo methods of pulsed radar.
The steel bar corrosion detection can be divided into direct assessment and indirect assessment, wherein the steel bar corrosion direct assessment comprises the following technologies:
1) Resistance detector technology and linear polarization detection technology, both of which must be implemented in new structure construction and cannot be used for old structures;
2) The half-cell potentiometric method is to effectively measure the pole potential of the rebar in concrete by comparing it with the pole potential of a known and constant reference cell. It can only indicate whether the steel is likely to rust, but cannot provide data on the rate of rust. The method is the only unbroken technology which can be used for directly detecting the corrosion of the concrete reinforcing steel bar by the existing structure. The device is simple, is convenient for in-situ detection in site, and is widely applied to the evaluation of the durability of the reinforced concrete structure;
3) The weight loss method and the section loss method or the dent depth measurement method are all required to intercept a test piece of the corroded steel bar on the component for detection, are all local damage tests, and only represent local corrosion rate.
The indirect assessment of the corrosion of the steel bar comprises the following technologies:
1) Detecting whether the thickness of the protective layer of the reinforcing steel bar is enough or not by using a protective layer tester;
2) The resistivity of the concrete was measured. The resistivity of concrete is related to the water content and is one of factors for controlling corrosion of the steel bars, and the higher the resistivity is, the weaker the corrosion current is;
3) Testing the content of chloride ions in the concrete;
4) The concrete was tested for depth of carbonization. Spraying 2% phenolphthalein alcohol solution on fresh fracture of concrete, and displaying red color when PH is more than 10, which indicates that the concrete is not carbonized; at pH > 10, the mixture remained colorless, indicating carbonization. If the carbonization depth reaches the reinforced bar part, the concrete loses the protection effect, and the reinforced bar can be corroded;
5) And detecting air permeability. The method is mainly used for in-situ evaluation of the resistance of the concrete to carbonization and harmful ion erosion, so that the possibility of corrosion of the steel bars is indirectly evaluated.
The dynamic response detection of the bridge structure adopts a vibration mode method to detect, the vibration mode of the bridge can be generally obtained by using a conventional test mode test analysis method, and the change of the vibration mode parameters of the bridge structure can be obtained by measuring the vibration responses of different parts, so that the working state of the structure is determined;
vibration methods have the advantage of being cost effective and safer to use than other non-destructive inspection methods, and vibration mode methods have been successfully used in many other fields, such as mechanical failure diagnosis.
The concrete strength detection comprises a rebound method, an ultrasonic detection method, an ultrasonic-rebound combined method, a core drilling method and a pulling-out method;
the rebound method is used for measuring the quality of concrete, and the rebound method is simple to operate and convenient to carry, so that the rebound method is widely applied to evaluating the strength of industrial and civil buildings, bridge engineering and general structures and evaluating the uniformity of structural concrete at home and abroad;
the ultrasonic detection method can detect the defect of the concrete and detect the strength of the concrete by ultrasonic waves. Practice proves that the quality of the cast-in-place pile concrete is accurate by adopting the method, but the ultrasonic wave propagation speed in the concrete is influenced by a plurality of factors, such as the influence of the arrangement direction of the steel bars in the concrete, the influence of different aggregates and particle diameters, the influence of the cement ratio, the age and maintenance condition of the concrete and the influence of the strength grade of the concrete;
and the ultrasonic-rebound synthesis method is a method for detecting the same concrete area by utilizing an ultrasonic method and a rebound method. It can make up for the inherent defect of single method, and make up. The method is a combination of two methods of ultrasonic and rebound, is simple and convenient to operate and convenient to carry, can reduce or offset influence factors of the measurement intensity of a plurality of single methods, and can reflect the quality of concrete more comprehensively;
the core drilling method uses the matching machines of the core drilling machine, the drill bit, the cutting machine and the like to drill core samples on the structural members, and directly presumes the strength or defects of the structural members through the compressive strength of the core samples. The method is simple, convenient, visual, high in precision and strong in representativeness, is an effective method for detecting the strength and the quality of the concrete in a semi-damaged detection structure, which is widely implemented in recent years at home and abroad, and is one of important methods for treating engineering quality accidents;
the extraction method is a method for extracting an anchor mounted in concrete, measuring a limit extraction force, and estimating the concrete strength of a concrete structural member to be measured by using a correlation between the limit extraction force and the concrete strength established in advance. The extraction methods are divided into two categories: the first is a pre-buried pulling-out method, namely pulling out an anchoring piece pre-buried in concrete from the concrete, and measuring the pulling-out force by using a dynamometer; the other is a post-assembly extraction method, i.e. drilling holes in hardened concrete and then anchoring the anchor to perform an extraction test.
The bridge safety detection system comprises an information acquisition unit, a data remote transmission unit, a data processing unit, a data storage unit, a data analysis unit and a data display terminal, wherein the information acquisition unit comprises a nondestructive detection module, a dynamic load detection module, an impact detection module and a load test module, the nondestructive detection module comprises a structural material detection assembly, a foundation detection assembly and an upper structure detection assembly, the information acquisition unit is connected with the data remote transmission unit through wireless signal transmission, the data remote transmission unit is connected with the data processing unit through wireless signal transmission, the data processing unit is connected with the data storage unit, and the data storage unit is connected with the data analysis unit and the data display terminal.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The bridge safety detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring all state information inside a bridge through an information acquisition unit;
s2, converting the acquired state information into data information, and transmitting the data information to a data processing unit through a data remote transmission unit;
s3, the data processing unit preprocesses each item of data and stores the processed information in the data storage unit;
s4, transmitting the processed information to a data analysis unit, and analyzing each item of data through the data analysis unit;
s5, transmitting the analyzed data information to a data display terminal for result display;
s6, finally, evaluating the safety state of the bridge to obtain the safety index of the bridge to be detected.
2. The bridge safety detection method according to claim 1, wherein the bridge state information detection method in step S1 comprises a rebound detection method, a dynamic test method and a load test method;
the rebound detection method is a method for detecting the compressive strength of concrete by using a rebound instrument, wherein the rebound instrument is a mechanical nondestructive testing instrument, and as a certain relation exists between the compressive strength of the concrete and the surface hardness of the concrete, a rebound hammer of the rebound instrument is struck on the surface of the concrete by a certain elasticity, and the rebound height (the rebound value is read by the rebound instrument) and the surface hardness of the concrete are also in a certain proportional relation;
the dynamic test method is a basic test item of a dynamic measurement and evaluation method, the content is mainly the test and analysis of the dynamic characteristics and dynamic load response of the structure, and the main measured part is the control section of the dynamic stress and dynamic deformation of the structural dynamic effect maximum component. In general, the detection project mainly comprises a bridge dynamic characteristic modal parameter test (frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio) and a bridge dynamic response test (dynamic deflection, dynamic stress, acceleration and impact coefficient);
the bridge dynamic load test is a test for applying dynamic load such as running automobile load or other dynamic load to a bridge structure to measure the dynamic characteristics of the structure and judge the influence of impact and vibration on the bridge structure under the dynamic load. The actual bearing capacity of the bridge is judged according to the comparative analysis of the test result and the theoretical calculated value by adopting a vehicle loading mode to measure the strain, deflection and crack of the beam.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the detecting contents in the step S1 include bridge structure detection including structural material detection, foundation base detection and superstructure detection;
detecting structural materials, wherein the structural materials comprise mechanical property detection of steel materials, detection of sand, stone, water and cement; detecting mortar and concrete; detecting fracture parameters; and (5) testing damage mechanical parameters. For reinforced concrete bridges, the material detection mainly comprises structural member materials, strength, defect, corrosion condition and the like of concrete and steel bars, and a nondestructive detection method is generally adopted;
foundation detection, wherein foundation detection content comprises foundation bearing capacity detection and detection when a sinking well descends; pile foundation detection; and (5) detecting a tubular column. When the abutment is found to have settlement, inclination and displacement, the foundation must be detected. The detection of the foundation of the bridge is difficult and troublesome, and the method of sounding and drilling sampling can be used, and the load board test can be used, so that the rock foundation is often only detected in situ near the foundation, and the detection can be carried out at the outcrop site of the bedrock;
the upper structure detection, the upper structure detection content includes: detecting the quality of the beam structure, and detecting a support and a telescopic device; bridge deck and related facilities detection. The grade of the bridge is generally determined through appearance detection, and then necessary load tests are carried out according to the requirements of the bridge operation environment and related units.
4. A method for detecting bridge safety according to claim 3, wherein the method for detecting bridge structure comprises material defect detection, steel bar corrosion detection, dynamic response detection of bridge structure, and concrete strength detection, and the method for detecting material defect comprises visual inspection auxiliary method, ultrasonic flaw detection technology, acoustic wave detection method, and radar monitoring technology;
visual inspection assistance, in which defects of a wide variety of components are commonly leaked, and visual inspection can be performed by means of assistance devices such as appropriate tools or gauges;
ultrasonic flaw detection technology, which uses ultrasonic pulse velocity method to detect cracks, hollows, slag inclusion, fire damage and the like existing in steel, welding seams and concrete;
the acoustic wave detection method is a common means in general inspection, and a hammer is used for knocking the component to hear the difference of sound so as to judge whether the component is damaged, so that the method is a simple and convenient manual inspection method;
the radar monitoring technology can detect concrete bridge decks with asphalt coatings using electromagnetic echo methods of pulsed radar.
5. The method for detecting bridge safety according to claim 4, wherein the steel bar corrosion detection can be divided into direct assessment and indirect assessment, and the steel bar corrosion direct assessment comprises the following technologies:
1) Resistance detector technology and linear polarization detection technology, both of which must be implemented in new structure construction and cannot be used for old structures;
2) The half-cell potentiometric method is to effectively measure the pole potential of the rebar in concrete by comparing it with the pole potential of a known and constant reference cell. It can only indicate whether the steel is likely to rust, but cannot provide data on the rate of rust. The method is the only unbroken technology which can be used for directly detecting the corrosion of the concrete reinforcing steel bar by the existing structure. The device is simple, is convenient for in-situ detection in site, and is widely applied to the evaluation of the durability of the reinforced concrete structure;
3) The weight loss method and the section loss method or the dent depth measurement method are all required to intercept a test piece of the corroded steel bar on the component for detection, are all local damage tests, and only represent local corrosion rate.
The indirect assessment of the corrosion of the steel bar comprises the following technologies:
1) Detecting whether the thickness of the protective layer of the reinforcing steel bar is enough or not by using a protective layer tester;
2) The resistivity of the concrete was measured. The resistivity of concrete is related to the water content and is one of factors for controlling corrosion of the steel bars, and the higher the resistivity is, the weaker the corrosion current is;
3) Testing the content of chloride ions in the concrete;
4) The concrete was tested for depth of carbonization. Spraying 2% phenolphthalein alcohol solution on fresh fracture of concrete, and displaying red color when PH is more than 10, which indicates that the concrete is not carbonized; at pH > 10, the mixture remained colorless, indicating carbonization. If the carbonization depth reaches the reinforced bar part, the concrete loses the protection effect, and the reinforced bar can be corroded;
5) And detecting air permeability. The method is mainly used for in-situ evaluation of the resistance of the concrete to carbonization and harmful ion erosion, so that the possibility of corrosion of the steel bars is indirectly evaluated.
6. The method for detecting bridge safety according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic response detection of the bridge structure adopts a vibration mode method to detect, the vibration mode of the bridge can be obtained by a conventional test mode test analysis method, and the change of the vibration mode parameters of the bridge structure can be obtained by measuring the vibration responses of different parts, so as to determine the working state of the structure;
vibration methods have the advantage of being cost effective and safer to use than other non-destructive inspection methods, and vibration mode methods have been successfully used in many other fields, such as mechanical failure diagnosis.
7. The method for detecting bridge safety according to claim 1, wherein the concrete strength detection comprises a rebound method, an ultrasonic detection method, an ultrasonic-rebound synthesis method, a core drilling method and a pulling method;
the rebound method is used for measuring the quality of concrete, and the rebound method is simple to operate and convenient to carry, so that the rebound method is widely applied to evaluating the strength of industrial and civil buildings, bridge engineering and general structures and evaluating the uniformity of structural concrete at home and abroad;
the ultrasonic detection method can detect the defect of the concrete and detect the strength of the concrete by ultrasonic waves. Practice proves that the quality of the cast-in-place pile concrete is accurate by adopting the method, but the ultrasonic wave propagation speed in the concrete is influenced by a plurality of factors, such as the influence of the arrangement direction of the steel bars in the concrete, the influence of different aggregates and particle diameters, the influence of the cement ratio, the age and maintenance condition of the concrete and the influence of the strength grade of the concrete;
and the ultrasonic-rebound synthesis method is a method for detecting the same concrete area by utilizing an ultrasonic method and a rebound method. It can make up for the inherent defect of single method, and make up. The method is a combination of two methods of ultrasonic and rebound, is simple and convenient to operate and convenient to carry, can reduce or offset influence factors of the measurement intensity of a plurality of single methods, and can reflect the quality of concrete more comprehensively;
the core drilling method uses the matching machines of the core drilling machine, the drill bit, the cutting machine and the like to drill core samples on the structural members, and directly presumes the strength or defects of the structural members through the compressive strength of the core samples. The method is simple, convenient, visual, high in precision and strong in representativeness, is an effective method for detecting the strength and the quality of the concrete in a semi-damaged detection structure, which is widely implemented in recent years at home and abroad, and is one of important methods for treating engineering quality accidents;
the extraction method is a method for extracting an anchor mounted in concrete, measuring a limit extraction force, and estimating the concrete strength of a concrete structural member to be measured by using a correlation between the limit extraction force and the concrete strength established in advance. The extraction methods are divided into two categories: the first is a pre-buried pulling-out method, namely pulling out an anchoring piece pre-buried in concrete from the concrete, and measuring the pulling-out force by using a dynamometer; the other is a post-assembly extraction method, i.e. drilling holes in hardened concrete and then anchoring the anchor to perform an extraction test.
8. The bridge safety detection system according to claim 1, comprising an information acquisition unit, a data remote transmission unit, a data processing unit, a data storage unit, a data analysis unit and a data display terminal, wherein the information acquisition unit comprises a nondestructive detection module, a dynamic load detection module, an impact detection module and a load test module, the nondestructive detection module comprises a structural material detection component, a foundation detection component and an upper structure detection component, the information acquisition unit is connected with the data remote transmission unit through wireless signal transmission, the data remote transmission unit is connected with the data processing unit through wireless signal transmission, the data processing unit is connected with the data storage unit, and the data storage unit is connected with the data analysis unit and the data display terminal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310185995.2A CN116147867A (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2023-03-01 | Bridge safety detection method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310185995.2A CN116147867A (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2023-03-01 | Bridge safety detection method and system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116147867A true CN116147867A (en) | 2023-05-23 |
Family
ID=86373490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310185995.2A Withdrawn CN116147867A (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2023-03-01 | Bridge safety detection method and system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116147867A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116934179A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 菏泽建工建筑设计研究院 | Building engineering quality detection data analysis management system based on big data |
-
2023
- 2023-03-01 CN CN202310185995.2A patent/CN116147867A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116934179A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-24 | 菏泽建工建筑设计研究院 | Building engineering quality detection data analysis management system based on big data |
| CN116934179B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-01 | 菏泽建工建筑设计研究院 | Building engineering quality detection data analysis management system based on big data |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Rehman et al. | Nondestructive test methods for concrete bridges: A review | |
| Verstrynge et al. | Steel corrosion damage monitoring in reinforced concrete structures with the acoustic emission technique: A review | |
| Rausche | Non-destructive evaluation of deep foundations | |
| White et al. | Comparing cross-hole sonic logging and low-strain integrity testing results | |
| CN110987082B (en) | Safety detection method for reinforced concrete building structure | |
| CN116147867A (en) | Bridge safety detection method and system | |
| CN113833035B (en) | Monitoring and early warning system and evaluation method for existing pile foundation of cross-sea bridge | |
| Bergmeister | Monitoring and safety evaluation of existing concrete structures: State-of-art Report | |
| Clausen et al. | Onsite measurements of concrete structures using impact-echo and impulse response | |
| RU2177144C1 (en) | Way to construct multiparametric digital models of construction objects, to analyze and model their states ( variants ) | |
| Trykoz et al. | Non-destructive control method of the state of objects operating long time | |
| Rhazi | NDT in civil engineering: The case of concrete bridge decks | |
| Sutrisno et al. | Structural Performance Investigation Of Ship Lift Hoist Pile Structure Exposed To Tropical Marine Environment | |
| Niederleithinger et al. | Ultrasonic coda wave monitoring of concrete structures: First experiences with large-scale experiments and real structures | |
| Mahowald et al. | Dynamic damage identification using linear and nonlinear testing methods on a two-span prestressed concrete bridge | |
| Hussein et al. | Deep foundations quality control and quality assurance testing methods | |
| Singh | A case study on rehabilitation and retrofitting of cheetal marriage accommodation of Indian army Hissar | |
| RU2653215C1 (en) | Method of inspection of the foundations of pump units | |
| Liu et al. | Structure Bearing Capacity Testing and Evaluation of Existing Bridges | |
| Bari et al. | POTENTIAL DURABILITY AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BUILT CONCRETE: AN ONSITE INVESTIGATION | |
| Chaudhari et al. | An Experimental Study of Corrosion in RCC Structure: Prevention, Repair and Maintenance | |
| Fasasi | Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience with Non-Destructive Evaluation: GPR and IE Integration for Delamination Detection | |
| CN103837399A (en) | Box-dimension-based working load nondestructive testing method of anchor rod | |
| Rubaratuka et al. | Application of Non-Destructive Testing in Evaluating Reinforced Concrete Structural Elements in Buildings | |
| Elhafedi et al. | The efficiency of NDT methods in existing concrete structures |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20230523 |