CN111638065A - A experimental auxiliary device for semitrailer is experimental that turns on one's side - Google Patents
A experimental auxiliary device for semitrailer is experimental that turns on one's side Download PDFInfo
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- CN111638065A CN111638065A CN202010503370.2A CN202010503370A CN111638065A CN 111638065 A CN111638065 A CN 111638065A CN 202010503370 A CN202010503370 A CN 202010503370A CN 111638065 A CN111638065 A CN 111638065A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental auxiliary device for a semitrailer rollover test, which comprises four support assemblies which are symmetrical about a vehicle central axis, wherein the support assemblies are arranged on the tops of two sides of a test tractor and two sides of a test semitrailer, and the height and the position of the support assemblies can be adjusted by adjusting the position of a locking pin, the length of a hollow support rod and the angle of a reinforcing sheet. Through the technical scheme, when the roll angle of the test vehicle towards the left side or the right side is larger than the critical value and the test vehicle is supported in the roll process of the vehicle body when the test vehicle rolls over, the test auxiliary device plays a role in protecting the test vehicle and saving test expenses. The experimental auxiliary device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and light weight, and does not influence the mass distribution and the structural arrangement of the experimental vehicle; the test vehicle has the advantages of good portability and universality, detachability, easy maintenance and replacement, simple and convenient use and capability of effectively protecting the test vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test auxiliary device for a semitrailer and a rollover test of a tractor of the semitrailer.
Background
When carrying out the limit roll test of semitrailer and tractor thereof, because the great and experimental auxiliary device of not installing of test vehicle self quality easily arouses test vehicle to damage in traditional experimentation, increase cost of maintenance, extension test time scheduling problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a test auxiliary device for a semitrailer and a rollover test of a tractor of the semitrailer. The invention solves the technical problem of how to effectively protect a test vehicle in a limit roll test, save the test cost and shorten the test time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a test assisting device, comprising four supporting assemblies symmetrical about a central axis; the support assembly is along the longitudinal fixed mounting in semitrailer side and tractor side top of vehicle, and every support assembly includes: support, slide rail, stop pin, restriction ear, reinforcement piece. The support is used as a main body part of the support assembly and is used for supporting the test vehicle and avoiding the test vehicle from directly colliding with the ground to cause damage; the buffer structure is used for uniformly transmitting the pressure generated during rollover to the limiting lugs through the hollow support rods, so that the deformation and the breakage of the limiting lugs are avoided; the sliding rails are fixedly arranged on the side faces of the semitrailer and the top of the side face of the tractor through countersunk bolts and used for adjusting the supporting positions within a certain range, so that the test auxiliary device can be suitable for the condition of uneven distribution of vehicle body loads. The locking pin is arranged on a hinge for connecting the hollow support rod and the locking pin and is used for fixing the position of the hinge; the latter is used to control damage: in the process of side turning, if the former loosens and falls off, the latter can still maintain the support and not fall off the slide rail. The restriction ear is used for restricting the support, prevents to turn on one's side the in-process because of supporting the too big slide rail deformation damage that causes of amplitude of oscillation. The reinforcing sheet serves to increase the supporting strength.
The side surface of the tractor and the side surface of the semitrailer are respectively provided with two supports at the same height, wherein the supports comprise two hollow support rods with different lengths, a hinge and a buffer structure, the hollow support rod 1 positioned on the inner side is shorter and is vertical to the body of the semitrailer, and the length ratio α of the two support rods is determined by the following relational expression:
wherein
l1Is the length of the hollow support rod 12Is the length of the hollow support bar 2, mu is the ground friction coefficient, k is the strength coefficient of the material used for the hollow support bar, and m is the total mass of the test vehicle and load.
The support can freely move on the slide rail after the locking pins of the hinges at the inner sides of the two hollow support rods are detached, and the support can be detached from the slide rail after the locking pins on the hinges at the inner sides of the two hollow support rods and the tail end of the slide rail are detached.
The limiting lug is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the support through a bolt and forms a certain angle β with the horizontal plane, β is determined by the following relation:
wherein m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and s is the impact absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block.
The reinforcing sheet is arranged at the included angle of the two hollow supporting rods; in order to achieve the purposes of easy disassembly and no influence on the strength of the hollow supporting rod, the reinforcing sheet is fixed on the hollow supporting rod in a spot welding mode; when the test times reach a certain value, the damaged trapezoidal reinforcing rib can be detached and replaced independently.
The hinges comprise hinges 1 arranged at the outer sides of the two hollow supporting rods and hinges 2 arranged at the inner sides of the hollow supporting rods 2; two ends of the hinge 1 are fixedly connected with the thin solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode, and one end of the hinge 2 is fixedly connected with the thin solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode; length of the thin solid steel pipe
Diameter phi is D; wherein D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod; the thin solid steel tube completely inserted into the hollow support rod is fixedly connected with the hollow support rod through a bolt, so that the two hollow support rods, the hollow support rod and the locking pin are connected.
The buffer structure includes: steel lining board, wedge buffer block. The steel lining plate is welded on the upper side of the hollow support rod and is parallel to the groundAnd (5) kneading. The lower surface fixed mounting of wedge buffer block is on the steel lining board, and the upper surface is laminated with restriction ear lower surface. The wedge-shaped buffer block is composed of three material layers of an extruded sheet, an aluminum honeycomb, carbon fiber and the like, wherein the three materials account for the proportion x in the wedge-shaped buffer block1、x2、x3Determined by the following relationship:
wherein s is1、s2The impact absorption coefficients of two materials such as an extruded sheet and an aluminum honeycomb are respectively shown, m is the total mass of a test vehicle and a load, and m ismaxThe total mass of the test vehicle and load when the test vehicle is fully loaded.
The reinforcing sheet comprises two parts, namely a groove-shaped steel sheet with a shallow groove on the inner side and a trapezoidal reinforcing rib which is arranged on the shallow groove on the inner side of the groove-shaped steel sheet and is parallel to the ground, the opening degree of the groove-shaped steel sheet is equal to the angle sin α between the two hollow supporting rods, and the wall length d is more than or equal to the wall length d
The outer end of the hollow support rod is provided with a support part which is positioned in the plane of the support of claim 1; the outer side connecting part of the hollow support rod is closer to the side of the vehicle body than the tail end of the support part; the supporting part is fixedly arranged on the hollow supporting rod in a welding or riveting mode; the interior of the joint of the supporting part and the hollow support rod 2 is reinforced by a metal connecting piece in a shape like a Chinese character 'bo', and the joint of the supporting part and the hollow support rod 1 is reinforced by a bolt.
The supporting part is composed of a supporting pipe, a supporting frame, a hollow sphere and a buffering outer wrapping material; the supporting tube is connected with the hollow supporting rod 2 and is vertical to the central axis of the vehicle body; the supporting pipe is inserted along the central axis of the hollow sphere until the outer end is attached to the inner wall of the sphere, and the joint is fixed in a welding mode; the support frame is connected with the hollow support rod 1; the support frame is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow sphere in a welding or riveting mode.
The technical effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
1. the structure is simple and reliable, the test vehicle can be conveniently used under the condition of not changing any structure of the test vehicle, and any operation for damaging the main structure is not required to be carried out on the test vehicle.
2. The test bed is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can be disassembled before and after the test, so that the test bed is convenient to transport; the installation is simple and convenient when using, and the installation can be completed without large-scale equipment.
3. The safety of test vehicles and personnel can be effectively protected during high-risk tests.
4. Because the device has small mass, the device does not influence the performance of the test vehicle and the authenticity of test data in the test.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a top view of a test aid for a rollover test of a semitrailer and a tractor thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a rear view of a test aid for a rollover test of a semitrailer and a tractor thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a test auxiliary device and a test vehicle for a semitrailer and a tractor rollover test thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a experimental auxiliary device 14 for semitrailer and its tractor rollover test, support assembly 13, support 1, slide rail 2, stop pin 3, buffer structure 4, steel lining board 41, wedge buffer block 42, restriction ear 5, hollow support rod 6, short hollow support rod 61, long hollow support rod 62, hinge 7, hollow support rod outside hinge 71, hollow support rod inside hinge 72, reinforcement piece 8, flute profile steel sheet 81, trapezoidal stiffening rib 82, supporting part 9, support pipe support 10, stay tube 101, support frame 102, hollow spheroid 11, outer wrapping material 12 of buffering.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. Note that: the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention and are not restrictive thereof.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a test auxiliary device 14 for a semitrailer and a tractor thereof in a rollover test comprises four support assemblies 13 which are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the semitrailer and the top portion of the side surface of the tractor along the longitudinal direction of the semitrailer and are symmetrical about a central axis, wherein each support assembly 13 comprises a support 1, a slide rail 2, a locking pin 3, a limiting lug 5 and a reinforcing sheet 8. Through the design of the supporting assembly structure and the installation position, when the test vehicle turns over, the two supporting assemblies 13 positioned on the same side can stably support the test vehicle in the using process, so that the aim of protecting the vehicle body is fulfilled.
More specifically, the support 1 is composed of two hollow support rods 6 (a short hollow support rod 61 and a long hollow support rod 62) with different lengths, a hinge 7 (a hollow support rod outer side hinge 71 and a hollow support rod inner side hinge 72) and a buffer structure 4; the hollow support rod 6 is a hollow steel pipe, and bolt holes are formed in two ends of the hollow support rod.
The outer end of the hollow support rod 6 is provided with a support part 9, the support part 9 is positioned in the plane of the support 1 and is fixedly arranged on the outer end of the hollow support rod 6 in a welding or riveting way; the interior of the joint of the long hollow support rod 62 and the support part 9 is reinforced by a metal connecting piece in a shape like a Chinese character 'bo'; the joint of the short hollow support rod 61 and the support part 9 is reinforced by using bolts.
The support part 9 is composed of a support pipe frame 10 (support pipe 101, support frame 102), a hollow sphere 11 and a buffering outer wrapping material 12. The support tube 101 is a hollow steel tube, is connected with the long hollow support rod 62, is inserted along the central axis of the hollow sphere 11 until the outer end is attached to the inner wall of the hollow sphere 11, and is fixed at the joint by welding; the support frame 102 is composed of two thin steel plates and is connected with the short hollow support rod 61, and the support frame is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow sphere in a welding or riveting mode. The buffer outer wrapping material 12 is made of nylon material and is fixed on the outer layer of the hollow sphere 11 in an adhesion mode.
The hinge 7 is a heavy zinc alloy hinge; two ends of the outer hinge 71 of the hollow support rod are fixedly connected with a section of thin and solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode, and one end of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod 2 is fixedly connected with a section of thin and solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode; length of thin solid steel pipe
The diameter phi is D, where D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod 6. The thin solid steel tube just completely inserted into the hollow support rod 6 is fixedly connected with the hollow support rod 6 through a bolt. Through the design of above hinge 7, can realize the reliable connection of short hollow support rod 61 and long hollow support rod 62, short hollow support rod 61 and stop pin, long hollow support rod 62 and stop pin, solved the problem that is difficult to firm installation hinge on the hollow tubular product simultaneously.
The support assembly 1 can freely move on the slide rail 2 after the locking pin 3 of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod is detached, and the support 1 can be detached from the slide rail 2 after the locking pin 3 at the tail end of the inner hinge 72 of the hollow support rod and the locking pin 3 at the tail end of the slide rail 2 are detached.
The buffer structure 4 includes: steel backing 41, wedge buffer 42. The steel lining plate 41 is welded on the upper side of the hollow support rod 6 and is parallel to the ground. The lower surface of wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is attached to the upper surface of the steel lining plate, and the upper surface of wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is attached to the lower surface of limiting lug 5. The wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is made of three materials, namely an extruded sheet, an aluminum honeycomb, carbon fiber and the like. The three materials should be layered alternately to facilitate durability of the wedge bumper 42. Since the impact absorption capacity of the three materials is proportional to the price, the expected buffering effect and the cost saving are achieved
Manufacturing wedge-shaped buffer blocks 42 by adding three materials in proportion; wherein x is1、x2、x3Respectively the proportion of the extruded sheet, the aluminum honeycomb and the carbon fiber material in the wedge-shaped buffer block s1、s2The impact absorption coefficients of two materials such as an extruded sheet and an aluminum honeycomb are respectively, m is the impact absorption coefficient of a test vehicle and m is the impact absorption coefficient of a test vehicleTotal mass of load, mmaxThe total mass of the test vehicle and load when the test vehicle is fully loaded.
The limiting lug 5 is fixedly arranged above the sliding rail 2 through a bolt and forms a certain angle β with the support 1, β is determined by the following relation:
the total mass of the test vehicle and the load is m, the impact absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is s, the larger the β value is, the larger the impact force which can be absorbed by the wedge-shaped buffer block 42 is, the lower limiting lug 5 can be disassembled after the bolt is removed, and through the design of the upper limiting lug 5, the position limitation of the support 1 can be realized, and the support assembly 13 is protected from being damaged in the test process.
The reinforcing plate 8 consists of a groove-shaped steel sheet 81 and a trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82, wherein the groove-shaped steel sheet 81 is a structural steel sheet with the opening degree equal to the angle sin α between the two hollow supporting rods 6, a shallow groove is arranged on the inner side of the groove-shaped steel sheet, and in order to ensure the structural strength of the joint of the long hollow supporting rod 62 and the supporting part 9 and the joint of the short hollow supporting rod 61 and the supporting part 9, the wall length d of the groove-shaped steel sheet 81 is more than or equal to the wall length d
Wherein l1The length of the hollow support rod 61. The trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82 is a structural steel sheet, is arranged on a shallow groove on the inner side of the groove-shaped steel sheet and is parallel to the ground. When supports 1 of different sizes are used, reinforcing pieces 8 corresponding to the sizes of the supports should be selected. The reinforcing sheet 8 is arranged at the included angle of the hollow support rod 6; before the test is started, the reinforcing sheet 8 is arranged on the outer sides of the two hollow support rods 6; the reinforcing sheet 8 can reinforce the support 1 in the test process, so that the stability of the support 1 is further improved; meanwhile, in order to achieve the purposes of easy disassembly and replacement and no influence on the strength of the hollow supporting rod 6, the reinforcing sheet 8 is fixed on the hollow supporting rod 6 in a spot welding mode; when the test times reach a certain value, the damaged trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82 can be detached and replaced.
When the semitrailer rail fixing device is used, the sliding rail 2 is fixedly arranged on the top of the side face of a tractor and the side face of a semitrailer through the locking pin 3 and the bolt on one side of the sliding rail. Selecting a hollow support rod 6 according to requirements, and assembling the support 1; selecting a proper reinforcing sheet 8, fixedly installing the reinforcing sheet 8 at the included angle of the two hollow support rods 6 through spot welding, and installing the support 1 and the reinforcing sheet 8 at the designated positions on the slide rail 2 through the locking pin 3; then the limiting lug 5 is fixedly arranged at the top of the slide rail 2 through a bolt; the limiting lug 5 is positioned right above the steel lining plate 41 in the buffer structure 4; the wedge-shaped buffer 42 is then fixed by adhesive means in the steel backing plate 41 and the restraining lugs 5. Finally, a locking pin 3 at the other side of the slide rail 2 is installed; this completes the assembly of the support assembly 13.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although the terms of the test auxiliary device 14, the support assembly 13, the support 1, the slide rail 2, the locking pin 3, the buffer structure 4, the steel lining plate 41, the wedge-shaped buffer block 42, the limiting lug 5, the hollow support rod 6, the short hollow support rod 61, the long hollow support rod 62, the hinge 7, the hollow support rod outer side hinge 71, the hollow support rod inner side hinge 72, the reinforcing sheet 8, the groove-shaped steel sheet 81, the trapezoidal reinforcing rib 82, the support portion 9, the support pipe frame 10, the support pipe 101, the support frame 102, the hollow sphere 11, the buffer outer wrapping material 12 and the like are used more frequently, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a experimental auxiliary device for semitrailer is experimental to turn on one's side which characterized in that: the test auxiliary device comprises four support assemblies which are symmetrical about a middle shaft; the support assembly is along the longitudinal fixed mounting in semitrailer side and tractor side top of vehicle, and every support assembly includes: the device comprises a support, a slide rail, a locking pin, a limiting lug, a buffer structure and a reinforcing sheet;
the support is used as a main body part of the support assembly and used for supporting the test vehicle and avoiding the test vehicle from directly colliding with the ground to cause damage; the buffer structure is used for uniformly transmitting the pressure generated during rollover to the limiting lugs through the hollow support rods, so that the deformation and the breakage of the limiting lugs are avoided;
the sliding rails are fixedly positioned on the side surface of the semitrailer and the top of the side surface of the tractor through countersunk bolts and used for adjusting the positions of the supports within a certain range, so that the test auxiliary device can adapt to the condition of uneven distribution of vehicle body loads;
the locking pin is arranged on a hinge for connecting the hollow support rod and the locking pin and is used for fixing the position of the hinge; the latter is used to control damage: in the process of side turning, the former loosens and falls off, so that the support is guaranteed not to fall off the sliding rail;
the limiting lug is used for limiting the support and preventing the sliding rail from deforming and damaging due to overlarge support swinging amplitude in the side turning process;
the reinforcing sheet is used for increasing the supporting strength and avoiding the deformation of the support.
2. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test is characterized in that two supports are respectively mounted at the same height of the side face of the tractor and the side face of the semitrailer, each support comprises two hollow support rods with different lengths, a hinge and a buffer structure, the hollow support rod 1 positioned on the inner side is shorter and is vertical to a vehicle body, and the length ratio α of the two support rods is determined by the following relational expression:
wherein
l1Is the length of the hollow support rod 12Is the length of the hollow support rod 2, mu is the ground friction coefficient, k is the strength coefficient of the material used for the hollow support rod, and m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load。
3. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the support can freely move on the slide rail after the locking pins on the inner sides of the two hollow support rods are detached, and the support can be detached from the slide rail after the locking pins on the hinges on the inner sides of the two hollow support rods and the tail end of the slide rail are detached.
4. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test is characterized in that the limiting lugs are fixedly mounted on the upper side of the support through bolts and form an angle β with the horizontal plane, and β is determined by the following relation:
wherein m is the total mass of the test vehicle and the load, and s is the impact absorption coefficient of the wedge-shaped buffer block.
5. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reinforcing sheet is arranged in an included angle between the two hollow supporting rods in the claim 1; in order to achieve the purposes of easy replacement and no influence on the strength of the hollow supporting rod, the reinforcing sheet is fixed on the hollow supporting rod in a spot welding mode; when the test times reach a certain value, the damaged trapezoidal reinforcing rib can be detached and replaced independently.
6. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the hinges comprise hinges 1 arranged at the outer sides of the two hollow supporting rods and hinges 2 arranged at the inner sides of the hollow supporting rods 2; two ends of the hinge 1 are fixedly connected with the thin solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode, and one end of the hinge 2 is fixedly connected with the thin solid steel pipe in a welding or riveting mode; length of the thin solid steel pipe
Diameter phi is D; wherein D is the inner diameter of the hollow support rod of claim 2; the thin solid steel tube which is just completely inserted into the hollow support rod is fixedly connected with the hollow support rod through a bolt, so that the two hollow support rods, the hollow support rod and the locking pin are connected.
7. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the buffer assembly comprises a steel lining plate and a wedge-shaped buffer block; the steel lining plate is welded on the upper side of the hollow support rod and is parallel to the ground; the lower surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block is fixedly arranged on the lining plate, and the upper surface of the wedge-shaped buffer block is attached to the lower surface of the limiting lug; the wedge-shaped buffer block is composed of three material layers of an extruded sheet, an aluminum honeycomb, carbon fiber and the like, wherein the three materials account for the proportion x in the wedge-shaped buffer block1、x2、x3Determined by the following relationship:
wherein s is1、s2The impact absorption coefficients of two materials such as an extruded sheet and an aluminum honeycomb are respectively shown, m is the total mass of a test vehicle and a load, and m ismaxThe total mass of the test vehicle and load when the test vehicle is fully loaded.
8. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the outer end of the hollow support rod is provided with a support part which is positioned in the plane of the support of claim 1; the outer side connecting part of the hollow support rod is closer to the side of the vehicle body than the tail end of the support part; the supporting part is fixedly arranged on the hollow supporting rod in a welding or riveting mode; the joint of the supporting part and the hollow supporting rod 2 is internally reinforced by a metal T head, and the joint of the supporting part and the hollow supporting rod 1 is reinforced by a bolt.
9. According to claim5 the auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test is characterized in that the reinforcing sheet comprises a groove-shaped steel sheet with a shallow groove on the inner side and a trapezoidal reinforcing rib which is arranged on the shallow groove on the inner side of the groove-shaped steel sheet and is parallel to the ground, the opening degree of the groove-shaped steel sheet is equal to the angle sin α between the two hollow support rods, and the wall length d is larger than or equal to the wall length d
10. The auxiliary test device for the semitrailer rollover test according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the supporting part is composed of a supporting pipe, a supporting frame, a hollow sphere and a buffering outer wrapping material; the supporting tube is connected with the hollow supporting rod 2 and is vertical to the central axis of the vehicle body; the supporting pipe is inserted along the central axis of the hollow sphere until the outer end is attached to the inner wall of the sphere, and the joint is fixed in a welding mode; the support frame is connected with the hollow support rod 1 and is fixedly connected with the surface of the hollow sphere in a welding or riveting mode.
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| CN111638065B (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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