CN111635183A

CN111635183A - Heat insulation material with vacuum-like structure and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111635183A
Application number: CN202010554708.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐立春
Original assignee: Tianjin Tiangong Jiapin Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Tiangong Jiapin Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-17
Filing date: 2020-06-17
Publication date: 2020-09-08

Abstract

Discloses a preparation method of a heat insulation material with a vacuum-like structure, which comprises the following steps: mixing hollow microspheres of an inorganic material and organic expanded microspheres in a mass ratio of (1-25) to (0.01-5) to form a mixture; and adding a binding agent to the mixture. Also discloses a heat insulation material with a vacuum-like structure, which is prepared by the preparation method of any embodiment of the invention.

Description

Heat insulation material with vacuum-like structure and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation materials, in particular to a heat insulation material with a vacuum-like structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Existing insulation materials generally fall into three forms: 1. fibrous materials such as rock wool, glass fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, and the like; 2. porous materials such as organic foaming materials, sepiolite, perlite, silica aerogel, and the like; 3. and a vacuum heat insulating material.

The first two materials are mostly insulated by air between fibers or air between pores, so the thermal conductivity of these materials is not lower than that of air (0.023 w/m.K). And the vacuum material adopts a vacuum structure, so that extremely low heat conductivity coefficient can be obtained. However, it is very difficult to obtain a vacuum structure, and particularly, it is very difficult to maintain a stable vacuum state for a long period of time. So that vacuum insulation materials capable of being formed in a large scale are very rare in the market.

Therefore, there is a need in the art for a solution to the disadvantages of the prior art in thermal insulation materials and methods of making the same.

Disclosure of Invention

In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an insulation material having a vacuum-like structure, comprising:

mixing hollow microspheres of an inorganic material and organic expanded microspheres in a mass ratio of (1-25) to (0.01-5) to form a mixture; and

a binder is added to the mixture.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an insulation material having a vacuum-like structure, which is prepared according to the preparation method of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

According to the embodiment of the invention, two hollow shell materials of inorganic material expanded hollow microspheres and organic high molecular polymer expanded hollow microspheres are matched for use and are compounded with other binding agent materials (resin or emulsion and the like) to form any composite material with a vacuum-like structure with compact and continuous inner hollow shells, so that the material obtains very low heat conductivity coefficient and very high sound resistance, and becomes a high-efficiency heat-insulation sound-insulation material.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for preparing an insulation material with a vacuum-like structure according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention to those skilled in the art. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. Furthermore, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Rather, it is contemplated that the invention may be practiced with any combination of the following features and elements, whether or not they relate to different embodiments. Thus, the following aspects, features, embodiments and advantages are merely illustrative and should not be considered elements or limitations of the claims except where explicitly recited in a claim. The meaning of each term referred to in this specification is generally a meaning commonly understood in the art or a meaning normally understood by those skilled in the art after reading this specification. The terms "comprising" and "including" in this specification are open-ended, i.e., may include additional elements not already mentioned in addition to the elements already mentioned. The specific values of the contents of the components described in the present specification are only used to indicate a proportional relationship between the contents of the components, and are not used to limit the contents of the components to any absolute values. Specific values for the amounts of ingredients and specific values for process conditions described in this specification are intended to be inclusive of one another, e.g., 15% inclusive, and are not intended to be limiting to a precise value.

The invention adopts the mode of combining the hollow microspheres made of inorganic materials such as silicon aluminum oxide and the like with the hollow microspheres foamed by organic materials such as acrylic acid and the like to form a compact vacuum-like layer. Because the inorganic hollow microspheres have high strength and the organic hollow microspheres have good elasticity, the two materials are combined under the action of the cross-linking agent to form a compact continuous vacuum-like structure. The vacuum structure can make the material obtain very low heat conductivity coefficient and very high sound resistance, and becomes a high-efficiency heat-insulating sound-insulating material.

The glass hollow microspheres (or ceramic hollow microspheres) have a good closed-pore hollow shell structure, and the interior of the glass hollow microspheres (or ceramic hollow microspheres) is in a negative pressure state. It is known that the vacuum state has the best heat insulation effect among all physical states. In a vacuum state, heat transfer cannot occur, so the shell material with the vacuum structure can theoretically have a good heat insulation effect. However, in practice, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation mortar made of the vitrified micro bubbles is only 0.065 w/m.k. The reason is that the rigid microbeads can not be closely arranged, and a large number of microscopic thermal bridges are formed between the edges of the microbeads, so that the overall heat transfer resistance is reduced, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is increased.

In the invention, organic foaming microsphere powder with good elasticity is filled between glass microspheres (or ceramic microspheres) made of inorganic materials and having high rigidity and strength. The microsphere is a hollow shell spherical powder material prepared by adopting high polymer materials such as acrylic polymer, epoxy polymer, melamine, polyimide and the like by a physical or chemical method. Such materials have a very low thermal conductivity and modulus of elasticity and are typically used as fillers in coatings to increase the surface elasticity of the coating or to increase the bulk of the material.

After the vitrified micro bubbles are filled with the organic micro balls, the cross linking among the micro balls is more compact and the distribution in the whole material system is more uniform. The shrinkage stress in the coating film forming process is well absorbed by the organic microspheres, and the principle of increasing the sealing property by adopting the flexible sealing gasket in a mechanical sealing structure is similar to the principle of greatly reducing the closed gap of inorganic materials, so that good thermal resistance is formed.

The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating coating, the heat-insulating prefabricated plate and the heat-insulating section manufactured by adopting the shell structure can reach 0.015 w/m.k. The material density (density after coating film forming) can reach 110kg/m 3.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a method of making an insulation material having a vacuum-like structure is shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the method comprises the steps of:

and step two, adding a binding agent into the mixture.

In some embodiments, the cenosphere of the inorganic material is a vitrified cenosphere or a ceramic cenosphere, and the organic expanded microballoon is an organic high molecular polymer expanded cenosphere.

In some embodiments, the organic expanded microspheres are hollow shell spherical powder materials physically or chemically made of acrylic polymers, epoxy polymers, melamine or polyimide, for example, organic high molecular polymer expanded hollow microspheres such as Expancel expandable thermoplastic microspheres.

In some embodiments, the mixture mass ratio of the vitrified or ceramic cenospheres to the organic expanded microballoons is approximately 5:2, or approximately 11: 2.

In some embodiments, the binder is a high molecular copolymer emulsion having a mass ratio to the mixture of approximately 1:1, and the method further comprises the steps of:

and adding a binding agent into the mixture, and then stirring and aging to obtain the heat-insulating coating.

In some further embodiments, the high molecular copolymer emulsion may be an acrylate copolymer emulsion or a polyurethane copolymer emulsion, or the like.

In other embodiments, the binder is calcium carbonate powder, and the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate powder to the mixture is approximately 1:3, and the method further comprises the following steps:

adding about 20% of deionized water (namely the mass ratio of the deionized water is about 20%) after adding the bonding agent into the mixture;

stirring and aging to obtain a paste; and

and (3) pouring the paste into a mold, hot-pressing to form and drying to obtain the heat-insulating (sound-insulating) inorganic board.

In some further embodiments, the preparation method further comprises the steps of:

after adding deionized water, 1-5% fiber was also added.

The aging may be carried out for about 40 minutes, and the viscosity of the obtained paste may be 20000 mPa.s or more, for example.

The hot-press forming can be realized by a hot press at the temperature of 110-180 ℃ and under the pressure of 30 MPa. The drying may be performed, for example, by a drying tunnel kiln.

In other embodiments, the binder is an organic binder, the mass fraction of the mixture is 1-55%, and the method further comprises the following steps:

heating, molding, rolling or extrusion molding to obtain the heat-insulating and sound-insulating organic plate or coil.

The mass fraction of the mixture is the mass fraction of the mixture after the binder is added, and may be, for example, about 15% or about 35%.

In some further embodiments, the preparation method may further comprise the steps of: adding 1-5% of fiber after adding the organic adhesive into the mixture.

In some embodiments, the organic adhesive includes any one of epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyurethane resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyimide resin, melamine resin.

In other embodiments, the binder is a calcined gypsum powder ground to a particle size of less than 5 microns in a mass ratio of about 2:1 or about 5:2 to the mixture, and the method further comprises the steps of:

adding water with the mass ratio of 15% and mixing to prepare the heat preservation (sound insulation) casting material to be cast and molded.

The pouring material can be poured and formed according to a pouring material construction method.

The method for manufacturing an insulation material having a vacuum-like structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the above description is only an example and not a limitation of the present invention. In other embodiments of the invention, the method may include more, fewer, or different process steps, and the ingredients, proportions, and process conditions and parameters in the various process steps may differ from those described and illustrated.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an insulation material having a vacuum-like structure, which is prepared according to the preparation method of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the thermal insulation material is a thermal insulation coating made using a high molecular copolymer emulsion as a binder; in other embodiments, the thermal insulation material is a thermal insulation (sound insulation) inorganic plate made of calcium silicate powder as a bonding agent; in still other embodiments, the thermal insulation material is a thermal and sound insulation organic sheet or roll made using an organic binder as a binder; in still other embodiments, the insulation is a thermal (acoustical) insulation casting made using a body of calcined gypsum powder as a binder.

Several specific examples of the preparation method and the insulating material of the present invention are described below:

example I thermal insulation coating

1. Mixing the vitrified hollow microspheres or ceramic hollow microspheres (A) and the organic expanded microspheres (B) in a mixer, wherein the mixing mass ratio is as follows: a: B = (1-25): 0.01-5), thereby forming C. Specifically, the mixing mass ratio may be, for example, a: B =5:2, or 11: 2.

2. Adding a mixture C of 1:1, a binder emulsion; the heat-insulating coating can be prepared after stirring and aging. The emulsion may be, for example, a polymer copolymer emulsion such as an acrylate copolymer emulsion or a polyurethane copolymer emulsion.

Example II Heat-insulating (Sound-insulating) inorganic Board

2. Mixing C and calcium silicate powder (D) according to the mass ratio of C: D =3:1, adding about 20% deionized water (or adding a proper amount of fiber), stirring uniformly, and aging for 40 minutes to obtain paste (E) with the viscosity of more than 20000 mPa.s. The 20% deionized water is the proportion of deionized water in C + D + deionized water. The appropriate amount of fibers may be, for example, 1-5% fibers.

3. And (3) filling the E into a mold, performing hot press molding by a hot press at the temperature of 110-180 ℃ and under the pressure of 30 MPa, and drying by a drying tunnel kiln to obtain the heat-insulating plate.

Method III, heat preservation and sound insulation organic plate (coil) material

2. The board or the coiled material with the heat preservation and sound insulation functions can be obtained by taking an organic adhesive such as epoxy resin (or phenolic resin, polyurethane resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, polyimide resin, melamine resin) and the like as a binding agent, adding 1-55% by mass of C (a proper amount of fiber can also be added), and carrying out heating injection molding or rolling or extrusion molding. The mass fraction of C is 1-55% of the proportion of C in the binding agent + C. Specifically, the mass fraction of C of 1 to 55% may be 15% or 35% of C, for example. The appropriate amount of fibers may be, for example, 1-5% fibers.

Method IV, heat preservation (sound insulation) castable

2. Grinding the particle size of the calcined gypsum powder to below 5 microns to form D

3. When the material is used, C and D are uniformly mixed, water with the mass ratio of 15% is added for mixing, and then the material is cast and molded according to the casting material construction method. The mixing ratio of C and D may be, for example, about C: D = 2:1 or 5: 2.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above by way of examples, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure, and the scope of the invention should be determined only by the language of the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a thermal insulation material with a vacuum-like structure comprises the following steps:

a binder is added to the mixture.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the cenosphere of the inorganic material is a vitrified cenosphere or a ceramic cenosphere, and the organic expanded cenosphere is an organic high molecular polymer expanded cenosphere.

3. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the organic expanded microspheres are hollow shell spherical powder materials prepared by a physical or chemical method by adopting acrylic polymers, epoxy polymers, melamine or polyimide.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the binder is a high molecular copolymer emulsion, the mass ratio of the high molecular copolymer emulsion to the mixture is 1:1, and the method further comprises:

stirring and aging are carried out, thus obtaining the heat-insulating coating.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the binder is calcium carbonate powder, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate powder to the mixture is 1:3, and the method further comprises:

adding 20% deionized water;

stirring and aging to obtain a paste; and

and pouring the paste into a mold, hot-pressing to form and drying to obtain the heat-insulating inorganic plate.

6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, further comprising:

after adding deionized water, 1-5% fiber was also added.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the binder is an organic binder, the mass fraction of the mixture is 1 to 55%, and the method further comprises:

8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the organic binder includes any one of an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a polytetrafluoroethylene resin, a polyimide resin, and a melamine resin.

9. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the binder is a calcined gypsum powder ground to a particle size of 5 μm or less in a mass ratio of 2:1 or 5:2 to the mixture, and the method further comprises:

adding water with the mass ratio of 15% and mixing to prepare the heat-preservation pouring material to be poured and molded.

10. An insulating material having a vacuum-like structure, which is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.