CN111631028B

CN111631028B - Straw chopping and milling device

Info

Publication number: CN111631028B
Application number: CN202010407704.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周斌; 寿烨俊; 曹聪; 闫震; 张建康; 许秋荻
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2020-05-14
Filing date: 2020-05-14
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-14
Also published as: CN111631028A

Abstract

Discloses a straw chopping and milling device, which comprises: a cutting mechanism, comprising: a box body; the planetary gear train is arranged at an opening at the top of the box body; the spiral blade is arranged on the planet gear shaft; the baffle plates are positioned on two sides of the spiral blade and fixed on the planet carrier; stoving mechanism, it includes: the supporting plate is fixed right below the outlet at the bottom of the box body and used for collecting crushed straws, and an opening for the straws to fall is formed in the supporting plate; the heating plate is positioned at the bottom of the supporting plate and is connected with a rotating shaft penetrating through the center of the supporting plate, the supporting plate can rotate to the opening position to block the opening to heat the straw, and the heating plate rotates away from the opening position after heating is finished; the stirring rod is positioned at the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the stirring rod extends to the edge of the supporting plate; and a crushing mechanism comprising: the screen is fixed under the supporting plate to collect the dried straws; and the pressure roller rolls on the sieve to crush the straws.

Description

Straw chopping and milling device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a straw chopping and milling device.

Background

China is a big agricultural country and one of the most abundant countries of crop straw resources, and the theoretical resource amount of the crop straw in 2015 years is 10.4 hundred million tons according to survey statistics. However, due to the factors of low industrialization degree of comprehensive utilization of straws, poor economic benefit, high cost and the like, the conventional straw treatment methods mainly adopt direct combustion, the straw recycling rate of the treatment methods is low, ecological balance is also damaged, and resource waste is serious; in addition, smoke generated by incineration can seriously affect the normal take-off and landing of airplanes or cause the problems of automobile driving safety and the like, and fire accidents are easy to happen in the incineration process.

The crop straw resource is used as an important material basis of the novel energy in the Chinese breeding and planting industry and rural areas, and has great significance on really changing crop straws into wastes and protecting ecological environment, relieving the energy crisis of China and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. If a novel ecological industry taking straws as raw materials can be created, and a production mode of advanced stage ecological agriculture combining four industries of planting industry, breeding industry, agricultural and sideline product processing industry and straw ecological industry is implemented, agricultural biodiesel fuel, oligosaccharide plant protection agent biological pesticide, straw organic fertilizer, straw biological feed and the like are all products converted from straws, so that novel agriculture which is higher than the traditional petroleum agriculture in labor productivity and can be developed sustainably is expected to be formed, and the prospect is very attractive.

However, the specific process for utilizing the straws is still imperfect, the straw processing equipment and related processing facilities are limited, the straw utilization technology is low, and meanwhile, the crop straws serving as a low-volume-weight and loose-throw type material resource have the characteristics of low energy density, inconvenience in storage and transportation and the like, so that the large-scale application of the crop straws is severely restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure provides a straw chopping and milling device. The straw grinding machine helps farmers cut and grind straws into fine powder, improves the secondary recovery utilization rate of the straws and creates higher economic value.

One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a straw chopping and milling device, comprising:

a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprising: the top of the box body is open, and the bottom of the box body is provided with an outlet for discharging the chopped straws; the planetary gear train is arranged at an opening at the top of the box body; the driving system is connected with a central wheel shaft of the planetary gear train to drive the planetary gear train to run; the spiral blade is arranged on a planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear train; the baffle plates are positioned on two sides of the spiral blade and fixed on a planet carrier of the planetary gear train; the retainer ring is fixed on the box body, and the gear ring of the planetary gear train is sleeved in the retainer ring;

stoving mechanism, stoving mechanism includes:

the supporting plate is fixed under the outlet of the box body to collect chopped straws, and an opening for the straws to fall down is formed in the supporting plate; the rotating shaft penetrates through the center of the supporting plate; the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate; the heating plate is positioned at the bottom of the supporting plate and connected with the rotating shaft, can rotate to the opening position of the supporting plate under the driving of the rotating shaft to block the opening to heat the straw, and rotates away from the opening position after the heating is finished; the stirring rod is positioned at the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the stirring rod extends to the edge of the supporting plate; and

a grinding mechanism, said grinding mechanism comprising: the screen is fixed under the supporting plate and used for collecting the dried straws falling from the supporting plate; a press roller capable of rolling on the sieve to grind the dried straw into fine powder; and the driving mechanism is connected with the pressure roller wheel to drive the pressure roller wheel to roll.

In some examples, the drive system includes a first motor coupled to an input shaft of the first cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the first cylindrical gear set coupled to the worm, and a turbine shaft coupled to the central gear shaft.

In some examples, the driving device includes a second motor, a second cylindrical gear set, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the second motor is connected with an input shaft of the second cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the second cylindrical gear set is connected with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

In some examples, the pressure roller wheel is connected with a third bevel gear through a shaft, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is connected with one end of the rotating shaft far away from the second bevel gear through a screw rod.

In some examples, the heating element on the heating plate is a silicone heating pad.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw chopping device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the cutting mechanism shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying mechanism and a box provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a grinding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the drive motion of the grinding mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a cutting mechanism I, a drying mechanism II and a crushing mechanism III of the straw chopping and milling device, which are installed in a casing (not shown in the figure). As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cutting mechanism I includes a case 1, a planetary gear train, and a drive system that drives the planetary gear train. The box 1 is open at the top and has an outlet at the bottom for discharging the chopped straw. The planetary gear train includes a sun gear 2, a ring gear 3, a carrier 4, a plurality of pinion gears 5 supported on the carrier 4, and a sun gear shaft 15 connected to the sun gear 2. The center hub 15 is located at the top opening of the cabinet 1. The gear ring 3 is sleeved with a retainer ring 6 fixed on the box body 1. The planet gear shaft 7 is provided with a spiral blade 8, and two sides of the spiral blade 8 are provided with baffle plates 9 fixed on the planet carrier 4. The planet carrier 4, the check ring 6 and the baffle 9 at the two sides of the spiral blade 8 form a feeding port, the spiral blade 8 is positioned in the feeding port, when the planetary gear train operates, the spiral blade 8 can rotate around the planetary gear shaft 6 and revolve around the central wheel 2 to shred the straws fed from the feeding port, and the shredded straws fall into the drying mechanism II below from the material outlet at the bottom of the box body 1. The driving system for driving the planetary gear train to operate comprises a first motor 10, a first cylindrical gear set (speed reducer) 11 and a worm gear 12. The first motor 10 can be fixed on a support plate 13 at the bottom of the box body 1, the first motor 10 is connected with an input shaft of a first cylindrical gear set 11, an output shaft of the first cylindrical gear set 11 is connected with a worm, and a turbine shaft 14 is connected with a central wheel shaft 15.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the drying mechanism II includes a supporting plate 16 fixed in the casing, the supporting plate 16 faces the outlet at the bottom of the box 1 to collect the cut straw falling from the top. The supporting plate 16 is provided with an opening 17 for the straw to fall into the lower grinding mechanism III. The bottom of the supporting plate 16 is provided with a heating plate 18 for heating the straw, and a heating element on the heating plate 18 can be a silica gel heating sheet. The heating plate 18 allows the ambient temperature to reach about 70 ℃, and most of the moisture in the straw is evaporated to dryness, which facilitates better grinding of the straw by the grinding mechanism III. The heating plate 18 is fixed to a rotating shaft 19 passing through the center of the pallet 16. Driven by the rotating shaft 19, the heating plate 18 can rotate to the position of the opening 17 to block the opening 17 to heat the straws, and rotate away from the opening position after the heating is finished, so that the straws can fall into the grinding mechanism III below from the opening 17. Above the support plate 16 is a stirring rod 20 for stirring the straw on the support plate 16. One end of the stirring rod 20 is fixed on the rotating shaft 19, and the other end extends to the edge of the supporting plate 16. The straw fragments are heated uniformly by the rotating stirring rod 11, so that most of moisture in the straw is evaporated conveniently. In addition, the rotating stirring rod 11 can push the dried straw into the lower crushing mechanism III through the opening 17. The driving device for driving the rotation shaft 19 to rotate comprises a second motor 21, a second cylindrical gear set (speed reducer) 22, a first bevel gear 23 and a second bevel gear 24, wherein the second motor 21 fixed on the supporting plate 13 is connected with an input shaft of the cylindrical gear set 22, an output shaft of the cylindrical gear set 22 is connected with the first bevel gear 23, and the second bevel gear 24 meshed with the first bevel gear 23 is fixedly connected with the rotation shaft 19. The bevel gears 23, 24 are enclosed in a housing 25.

As shown in fig. 6, the crushing mechanism III includes a perforated screen 26, and a rollable pressure roller wheel 27 provided on the perforated screen 26. The diameter of the sieve 26 may be 5 mm. The sieve 26 is fixed in the machine shell and is opposite to the supporting plate 16 of the drying mechanism II, and collects the straws falling from the supporting plate 16. The press roller 27 rolls on the sieve 26 under the driving of the driving mechanism to crush the dried crushed straws, and the straws ground into fine powder fall through the holes of the sieve 26. The material outlet 28 of the straw chopping device is opposite to the sieve 26, the straw fine powder falling from the sieve 26 is discharged through the material outlet 28, and a collecting box (not shown in the figure) can be placed at the material outlet 28. Fig. 7 shows the driving movement diagram of the grinding mechanism III, the pressure roller 27 is connected with a third bevel gear 30 through a shaft, the third bevel gear 30 is meshed with a fourth bevel gear 31, and the fourth bevel gear 31 is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 19 far away from the bevel gear 24 through a screw.

Claims

1. A straw chopping and milling device is characterized by comprising:

a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprising:

the top of the box body is open, and the bottom of the box body is provided with an outlet for discharging the chopped straws;

the planetary gear train is arranged at an opening at the top of the box body;

the driving system is connected with a central wheel shaft of the planetary gear train to drive the planetary gear train to run;

the spiral blade is arranged on a planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear train;

the baffle plates are positioned on two sides of the spiral blade and fixed on a planet carrier of the planetary gear train; and

the retainer ring is fixed on the box body, a gear ring of the planetary gear train is sleeved in the retainer ring, and the planetary carrier, the retainer ring and the baffle plates on the two sides of the helical blade form a feeding port at an opening at the top of the box body;

stoving mechanism, stoving mechanism includes:

the supporting plate is fixed under the outlet of the box body to collect chopped straws, and an opening for the straws to fall down is formed in the supporting plate;

the rotating shaft penetrates through the center of the supporting plate;

the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate;

the heating plate is positioned at the bottom of the supporting plate and connected with the rotating shaft, can rotate to the opening position of the supporting plate under the driving of the rotating shaft to block the opening to heat the straw, and rotates away from the opening position after the heating is finished; and

the stirring rod is positioned at the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the stirring rod extends to the edge of the supporting plate; and

a grinding mechanism, said grinding mechanism comprising:

the screen is fixed under the supporting plate and used for collecting the dried straws falling from the supporting plate;

a press roller capable of rolling on the sieve to grind the dried straw into fine powder; and

and the driving mechanism is connected with the pressure roller wheel to drive the pressure roller wheel to roll.

2. The straw chopping mill of claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a first motor, a first cylindrical gear set, and a worm gear, the first motor being connected to an input shaft of the first cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the first cylindrical gear set being connected to the worm gear, and a turbine shaft being connected to the central gear shaft.

3. The straw chopping and milling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the driving device comprises a second motor, a second cylindrical gear set, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the second motor is connected with an input shaft of the second cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the second cylindrical gear set is connected with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

4. The straw chopping and milling device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pressure roller wheel is connected with a third bevel gear through a shaft, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is connected with one end of the rotating shaft far away from the second bevel gear through a screw.

5. The straw chopping and milling device as defined in claim 1, wherein the heating element on the heating plate is a silica gel heating plate.