CN111631028A - Straw chopping and grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a straw chopping and grinding device, comprising: a cutting mechanism, comprising: a box body; a planetary gear train, arranged at the top opening of the box body; a screw blade, arranged on the planetary gear shaft; the two sides of the spiral blade are fixed on the planet carrier; the drying mechanism includes: a support plate, which is fixed directly below the outlet of the bottom of the box to collect the broken straw, and the support plate has an opening for the straw to fall; The heating plate is located at the bottom of the supporting plate and is connected with a rotating shaft passing through the center of the supporting plate, the supporting plate can be rotated to the opening position to block the opening to heat the straw, and after the heating is completed, the heating plate can be heated from the The opening position is rotated open; a stirring rod is located on the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end extends to the edge of the supporting plate; The dried straw is collected directly under the pallet; and a pressing roller rolls on the sifter to grind the straw.

Description

Straw chopping and grinding device

technical field

The present disclosure relates to a straw chopping and grinding device.

Background technique

China is a big agricultural country and one of the countries with the most abundant crop straw resources. According to survey statistics, the theoretical crop straw resources nationwide in 2015 were 1.04 billion tons. However, in view of factors such as the low degree of comprehensive utilization of straw, poor economic benefits and high cost, the current methods of straw disposal are mainly direct combustion. The straw recycling rate of these disposal methods is low, and it will also destroy the ecological balance and lead to resource shortages. The waste is serious; in addition, the smoke and dust generated by the incineration may seriously affect the normal take-off and landing of the aircraft or cause problems such as the driving safety of the car, and the incineration process is also prone to fire accidents.

Crop straw resources are an important material basis for China's aquaculture and planting industry and new energy sources in rural areas. How to truly realize the transformation of crop straws from "waste" into "treasure" is of great significance for protecting the ecological environment, alleviating my country's energy crisis, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. . If a new ecological industry with straw as raw material can be created, and an advanced ecological agriculture production model combining planting, aquaculture, agricultural and sideline products processing, and straw ecological industry can be implemented, agricultural biodiesel fuel, oligosaccharide phytochemicals Biopesticide, straw organic fertilizer, straw biofeed, etc. are all products of straw transformation, and are expected to form a new type of agriculture with higher labor productivity and sustainable development than traditional "petroleum agriculture", and the prospect is very attractive.

However, because the specific technology of straw utilization is not perfect, the straw processing equipment and related processing facilities are limited, and the straw utilization technology is relatively low. The inconvenience and other characteristics seriously restrict its large-scale application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure provides a straw chopping and grinding device. Help farmers chop up straw and grind it into fine powder, improve the secondary recycling rate of straw, and create higher economic value.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a straw chopping and grinding device, including:

A cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprises: a box body, the top of the box body is open, and the bottom of the box body has an outlet for discharging the chopped straw; a planetary gear train is arranged at the top opening of the box body; a drive system, and the The central axle of the planetary gear train is coupled to drive the planetary gear train to run; the screw blade is arranged on the planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear train; the baffles are located on both sides of the screw blade and are fixed on the planetary gear train. on the planet carrier; and a retaining ring, fixed on the box body, and the ring gear of the planetary gear train is sleeved in the retaining ring;

A drying mechanism, the drying mechanism includes:

a pallet, which is fixed directly below the outlet of the box to collect the chopped straw, the pallet has an opening for the straw to drop; a rotating shaft passes through the center of the pallet; a driving device is connected with the The rotating shaft is connected to drive the rotating shaft to rotate; the heating plate is located at the bottom of the supporting plate and connected to the rotating shaft, and can be rotated to the opening position of the supporting plate under the driving of the rotating shaft to block the opening to the straw. heating, and rotating away from the opening position after the heating is completed; and a stirring rod, located on the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end extends to the edge of the supporting plate; and

A crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism includes: a sifter, fixed directly below the pallet to collect the dried straws falling from the pallet; a pressing roller, which can roll on the sifter to The dried straw is ground into fine powder; and a driving mechanism is coupled with the pressing roller to drive the pressing roller to roll.

In some examples, the drive system includes a first motor, a first spur gear set, and a worm gear, the first motor being connected to an input shaft of the first spur gear set, and an output of the first spur gear set The shaft is connected with the worm, and the turbine shaft is connected with the central axle.

In some examples, the drive includes a second motor, a second spur gear set, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear, the second motor being connected to an input shaft of the second spur gear set, the The output shaft of the second cylindrical gear set is connected with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

In some examples, it is characterized in that the pressing roller is connected with a third bevel gear through a shaft, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is away from the rotating shaft through a screw rod. One end of the second bevel gear is connected.

In some examples, the heating element on the heating plate is a silicone heating pad.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a straw shredding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the cutting mechanism shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying mechanism and a box body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the transmission motion of the crushing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 shows the cutting mechanism I, drying mechanism II and crushing mechanism III of the straw chopping and grinding device, and these three mechanisms are installed in a casing (not shown in the figure). 2 and 3, the cutting mechanism 1 includes a casing 1, a planetary gear train, and a drive system for driving the planetary gear train. The top of the box body 1 is open, and the bottom has an outlet for discharging the chopped straw. The planetary gear train includes a sun gear 2 , a ring gear 3 , a planetary carrier 4 , a plurality of planetary gears 5 supported on the planetary carrier 4 , and a central axle 15 connected with the central gear 2 . The central axle 15 is located at the top opening of the box body 1 . The ring gear 3 is covered with a retaining ring 6 fixed on the box body 1 . A helical blade 8 is installed on the planetary gear shaft 7 , and baffles 9 fixed on the planet carrier 4 are provided on both sides of the helical blade 8 . The planet carrier 4, the retaining ring 6 and the baffles 9 on both sides of the helical blade 8 form a feeding port. The helical blade 8 is located in the feeding port. When the planetary gear train is running, the helical blade 8 can rotate around the planetary gear shaft 6. Revolving with the center wheel 2, the straw fed from the feeding port is chopped, and the chopped straw falls from the material outlet at the bottom of the box 1 to the drying mechanism II below. The drive system for driving the planetary gear train to operate includes a first motor 10 , a first cylindrical gear set (reducer) 11 and a worm gear 12 . The first motor 10 can be fixed on the support plate 13 at the bottom of the box body 1. The first motor 10 is connected to the input shaft of the first cylindrical gear set 11, the output shaft of the first cylindrical gear set 11 is connected to the worm, and the turbine shaft 14 is connected to the worm. The central axle 15 is connected.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the drying mechanism II includes a support plate 16 fixed in the casing, the support plate 16 is facing the outlet at the bottom of the box 1 and collects the chopped straw falling from above. The pallet 16 has an opening 17 for the straw to fall into the lower crushing mechanism III. The bottom of the support plate 16 has a heating plate 18 for heating the straw, and the heating element on the heating plate 18 can be a silicone heating sheet. The heating plate 18 can make the ambient temperature reach about 70°C, and evaporate most of the water in the straw, so that the crushing mechanism III can better grind the straw. The heating plate 18 is fixed on the rotating shaft 19 passing through the center of the support plate 16 . Driven by the rotating shaft 19, the heating plate 18 can be rotated to the position of the opening 17 to block the opening 17 from heating the straw, and after the heating is completed, the heating plate 18 can be rotated away from the opening position, so that the straw can fall from the opening 17 into the crushing mechanism III below. Above the pallet 16 is a stirring rod 20 for stirring the straw on the pallet 16 . One end of the stirring rod 20 is fixed on the rotating shaft 19 , and the other end extends to the edge of the support plate 16 . The rotating stirring rod 11 heats the straw fragments evenly, which facilitates evaporation of most of the water in the straw. In addition, the rotating stirring rod 11 can push the steamed straws into the lower crushing mechanism III through the opening 17 . The driving device for driving the rotating shaft 19 to rotate includes a second motor 21 , a second cylindrical gear set (reducer) 22 , a first bevel gear 23 and a second bevel gear 24 , and the second motor 21 and the cylindrical gear fixed on the support plate 13 . The input shaft of the group 22 is connected, the output shaft of the cylindrical gear group 22 is connected with the first bevel gear 23 , and the second bevel gear 24 meshing with the first bevel gear 23 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 19 . The bevel gears 23 , 24 are enclosed in a housing 25 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the crushing mechanism III includes a screen 26 and a rollable pressing roller 27 provided on the screen 26 . The hole diameter of the leakage screen 26 may be φ5mm. The sifter 26 is fixed in the casing and faces the pallet 16 of the drying mechanism II, and collects straw falling from the pallet 16 . The pressing roller 27 rolls on the sifter 26 under the drive of the driving mechanism, and crushes the dried and broken straw, and the stalk that has been ground into fine powder falls from the hole of the sifter 26 . The material outlet 28 of the straw shredding device faces the sifter 26, the straw fine powder dropped from the sifter 26 is discharged through the material outlet 28, and a collection box (not shown in the figure) can be placed at the material outlet 28. FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission motion of the crushing mechanism III. The pressing roller 27 is connected with the third bevel gear 30 through the shaft, the third bevel gear 30 is meshed with the fourth bevel gear 31, and the fourth bevel gear 31 is connected with the rotating shaft through the screw. 19 is connected at one end away from the bevel gear 24 .

Claims (5)

1. A straw chopping and milling device is characterized by comprising:

a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprising:

the top of the box body is open, and the bottom of the box body is provided with an outlet for discharging the chopped straws;

the planetary gear train is arranged at an opening at the top of the box body;

the driving system is connected with a central wheel shaft of the planetary gear train to drive the planetary gear train to run;

the spiral blade is arranged on a planetary gear shaft of the planetary gear train;

the baffle plates are positioned on two sides of the spiral blade and fixed on a planet carrier of the planetary gear train; and

the retainer ring is fixed on the box body, and the gear ring of the planetary gear train is sleeved in the retainer ring;

stoving mechanism, stoving mechanism includes:

the supporting plate is fixed under the outlet of the box body to collect chopped straws, and an opening for the straws to fall down is formed in the supporting plate;

the rotating shaft penetrates through the center of the supporting plate;

the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate;

the heating plate is positioned at the bottom of the supporting plate and connected with the rotating shaft, can rotate to the opening position of the supporting plate under the driving of the rotating shaft to block the opening to heat the straw, and rotates away from the opening position after the heating is finished; and

the stirring rod is positioned at the top of the supporting plate, one end of the stirring rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end of the stirring rod extends to the edge of the supporting plate; and

a grinding mechanism, said grinding mechanism comprising:

the screen is fixed under the supporting plate and used for collecting the dried straws falling from the supporting plate;

a press roller capable of rolling on the sieve to grind the dried straw into fine powder; and

and the driving mechanism is connected with the pressure roller wheel to drive the pressure roller wheel to roll.

2. The straw chopping mill of claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a first motor, a first cylindrical gear set, and a worm gear, the first motor being connected to an input shaft of the first cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the first cylindrical gear set being connected to the worm gear, and a turbine shaft being connected to the central gear shaft.

3. The straw chopping and milling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the driving device comprises a second motor, a second cylindrical gear set, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the second motor is connected with an input shaft of the second cylindrical gear set, an output shaft of the second cylindrical gear set is connected with the first bevel gear, and the second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

4. The straw chopping and milling device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pressure roller wheel is connected with a third bevel gear through a shaft, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is connected with one end of the rotating shaft far away from the second bevel gear through a screw.

5. The straw chopping and milling device as defined in claim 1, wherein the heating element on the heating plate is a silica gel heating plate.

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