CN111607725A - High-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and heat treatment mode thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and heat treatment mode thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111607725A CN111607725A CN202010691390.7A CN202010691390A CN111607725A CN 111607725 A CN111607725 A CN 111607725A CN 202010691390 A CN202010691390 A CN 202010691390A CN 111607725 A CN111607725 A CN 111607725A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Zn, 2.4 to 3.0 percent of Si, 6.0 to 7.0 percent of Mg, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of V, 40 to 60ppm of Be, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The aluminum alloy material obtained by the invention is suitable for casting mode production, including metal mold, high pressure die casting and the like, has low crack tendency, can be forged, has good corrosion resistance, is suitable for corrosion environment industries of ships, oceans and the like, has high toughness and better strength, and can also be applied to parts of automobiles, bicycles and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal materials, and relates to a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and a heat treatment mode thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy material has certain corrosion resistance, is widely applied in the fields of oceans, ships and the like, and the current corrosion-resistant series aluminum alloy mainly comprises 5xxx series wrought aluminum alloy, ZL305 and other cast aluminum alloys, and has better corrosion resistance due to higher Mg content. The wrought aluminum alloy is mainly 5052, 5252, 5083, 5356 and the like, is mostly used for rolling, extruding, forging and the like, and is mostly used for manufacturing a plate strip base material for ships and a wire welding material, but the magnesium content of the wrought aluminum alloy is lower than 6% in order to realize industrial casting deformation production; the ZL305 material for casting has Mg content of 7.5-9.5%, and the casting performance is obviously reduced when the Mg content is more than 10%, and the material suitable for high-pressure die casting production has only a small number of brands such as European ENAC51500, 51100 and the like.
There are many reports on high magnesium aluminum alloys: hedellu aluminum industry publication (CN 110592441A) discloses an aluminum alloy strip material, wherein the content of Mg is 4.35-4.8%, and the aluminum alloy strip material simultaneously contains Mn, Cu and other elements; the south-Guangxi aluminum industry (CN 104357690A) also discloses a high-magnesium corrosion-resistant plate, wherein the Mg content is 3.5-6.5%, a cast ingot is obtained by a semi-continuous casting mode, and then hot rolling processing is carried out; patent CN 105734364A discloses a high-magnesium aluminum alloy material capable of being die-cast under high pressure, wherein the content of Mg is 7-10%, the high-magnesium aluminum alloy material is used for high-end electronic equipment parts, the tensile strength of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy material is 235Mpa, the yield strength of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy material is 158Mpa, and the elongation percentage of the high-magnesium aluminum alloy material is 2%; patent CN105420564A also discloses an alloy material for high pressure die casting, which has a tensile strength of 291Mpa, a yield strength of 149Mpa, but an elongation of 6.5%.
In conclusion, the corrosion resistance of the current high magnesium aluminum alloy meets the relevant requirements, but the casting performance is obviously reduced, and the requirements of metal mold casting, high-pressure die casting and forging can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material and a heat treatment mode thereof, and the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material specifically comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Zn, 2.4 to 3.0 percent of Si, 6.0 to 7.0 percent of Mg, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti0, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of V and 40 to 60ppm of Be.
The magnesium content of the invention is higher than that of the deformation alloy currently applied, and is lower than that of ZL305 material, 6.0-7.0% of Mg and 2.4-3.0% of Si are added, and the main precipitation strengthening phase in the material is Mg2Si dispersed phase, thereby providing higher strength and better toughness for the material; zn of 0.2-0.3% is added into the material, so that a Zn2Mg precipitated phase can be formed, and the strength of the material is further improved; 0.2-0.3% of Fe and 0.5-0.8% of Mn are added into the material, so that the material has better demolding performance; the trace Be and V can improve the characteristics of an oxide film on the surface of the melt, reduce the burning loss of the material, and prevent more oxidation slag inclusions from being formed in the oxidation process to influence the quality and the performance of the material; small amount of Ti and Zr can refine grain structure and improve mechanical performance of the material.
The invention provides a high-content magnesium-aluminum alloy material which is suitable for production of various casting modes such as metal mold casting, high-pressure die casting, forging and the like, and solves the problems of single casting mode and difficult casting of the high-content magnesium-aluminum alloy material in the actual industrial production; the material has high toughness, high deformation capacity, high strength, low crack tendency and high corrosion resistance, and may be used widely in producing ship, automobile, bicycle and other parts.
The invention can be realized by the following steps:
(1) taking metal Al ingots, metal Mg ingots, metal Zn ingots, Al-Si intermediate alloys or metal silicon, Al-Mn intermediate alloys or metal Mn sheets, Al-Be intermediate alloys, metal Fe or iron agents, AlTi10 intermediate alloys, Al-Zr intermediate alloys and Al-V intermediate alloys as raw materials of each element in the aluminum alloy, and weighing the corresponding raw materials according to the weight percentage of the determined components in the range of the components;
(2) putting all the metal aluminum ingots into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 720 ℃ and 750 ℃ until the metal aluminum ingots are completely smelted to prepare aluminum melt;
(3) after melting, gradually adding required silicon, iron, manganese, zinc, titanium, zirconium and vanadium to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(4) controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 720-750 ℃, stirring for 10min, and adding a special aluminum alloy refining agent for refining and degassing in the stirring process; after refining, removing flux and scum on the liquid surface, and standing for about 10-20 min;
(5) keeping the temperature of the melt at 700-720 ℃, adding magnesium and beryllium, standing for 10-20min, and stirring for 10-30 min;
(6) and keeping the aluminum alloy melt at 690-700 ℃ for high-pressure die casting to obtain the finished product.
Carrying out heat treatment on the obtained finished product, wherein the specific heat treatment system mode is as follows:
heating the heat treatment furnace to 190 +/-10 ℃, heating at the rate of 3-15 ℃/min, putting the sample into the heat treatment furnace, keeping the temperature for 1-3h, and taking out the sample after keeping the temperature.
The invention has excellent mechanical properties: the tensile strength of the sample without heat treatment is more than 350MPa, the yield strength is more than 190MPa, and the elongation is 15%; after heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is more than 400Mpa, the yield strength is more than 260Mpa, and the elongation is more than 9%. The salt spray test is carried out by adopting the GB10125 standard, and the corrosion resistance of the invention is superior to that of the conventional ADC12 alloy (as can be seen by comparing figures 3 and 4, the invention is obviously superior to the conventional alloy).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of tensile stress-strain curves of example 1 without heat treatment;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of a material not subjected to heat treatment in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a salt spray photograph of a comparative ADC metal mold ingot sample;
FIG. 4 is a salt spray photograph of a sample of the ingot of the metal mold not heat-treated in example 1.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the invention. The examples given in the embodiments are intended to be exemplary only.
Example 1:
(1) putting all the metal aluminum ingots into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 750 ℃ until the metal aluminum ingots are completely melted to prepare aluminum melt;
(2) gradually adding 2.8% of Si, 0.25% of Fe, 0.7% of Mn, 0.25% of Zn, 0.15% of Ti, 0.15% of Zr and 0.01% of V in the heating process to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(3) controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 740 ℃ and stirring for 10min, and adding a special aluminum alloy refining agent in the stirring process to refine and degas; after refining, removing flux and scum on the liquid surface, and standing for about 15 min;
(4) keeping the temperature of the melt at 710 ℃, adding 6.5 percent of Mg and 50ppm Be, standing for 15min, and stirring for 20min after standing;
(5) keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 700 ℃, and carrying out high-pressure die casting to obtain a finished product;
the obtained finished product is not subjected to heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is 363MPa, the yield strength is 204MPa, and the elongation is 17.1%.
Example 2:
(1) putting all the metal aluminum ingots into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃ until the metal aluminum ingots are completely melted to prepare aluminum melt;
(2) gradually adding 2.4% of Si, 0.20% of Fe, 0.5% of Mn, 0.20% of Zn, 0.11% of Ti, 0.11% of Zr and 0.015% of V in the heating process to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(3) controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 750 ℃, stirring for 10min, and adding a special aluminum alloy refining agent in the stirring process for refining and degassing; after refining, removing flux and scum on the liquid surface, and standing for about 10 min;
(4) keeping the temperature of the melt at 720 ℃, adding 6.0 percent of Mg and 45ppm Be, standing for 15min, and stirring for 15min after standing;
(5) keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 690 ℃, and carrying out high-pressure die casting to obtain a finished product;
(6) carrying out heat treatment on the obtained finished product, heating the heat treatment furnace to 190 ℃, heating at a speed of 10 ℃/min, putting the sample into the heat treatment furnace, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and taking out the sample after keeping the temperature;
the obtained finished product is not subjected to heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is 356MPa, the yield strength is 194MPa, and the elongation is 16.2%; after heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is 405Mpa, the yield strength is 264Mpa, and the elongation is 10.6%.
Example 3:
(1) putting all the metal aluminum ingots into a smelting furnace for smelting at 735 ℃ until the metal aluminum ingots are completely melted to prepare aluminum melt;
(2) gradually adding 3.0% of Si, 0.27% of Fe, 0.75% of Mn, 0.30% of Zn, 0.18% of Ti, 0.14% of Zr and 0.025% of V in the heating process to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(3) controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt to be 720 ℃ and stirring for 10min, and adding a special aluminum alloy refining agent in the stirring process to carry out refining and degassing; after refining, removing flux and scum on the liquid surface, and standing for about 10 min;
(4) keeping the temperature of the melt at 725 ℃, adding 6.8% Mg and 55ppmBe, standing for 20min, and stirring for 30min after standing;
(5) keeping the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt at 700 ℃, and carrying out high-pressure die casting to obtain a finished product;
(6) carrying out heat treatment on the obtained finished product, heating the heat treatment furnace to 195 ℃, heating at a rate of 15 ℃/min, putting the sample into the heat treatment furnace, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, and taking out the sample after keeping the temperature;
the obtained finished product is not subjected to heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is 371Mpa, the yield strength is 209Mpa, and the elongation is 15.5%; after heat treatment, the tensile strength of the material is 410Mpa, the yield strength is 270Mpa, and the elongation is 9.3%.
Claims (2)
1. A high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material and a heat treatment mode thereof are characterized by comprising the following components: 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Zn0.3 percent, 2.4 to 3.0 percent of Si, 6.0 to 7.0 percent of Mg, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Zr, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of Fe, 0.01 to 0.03 percent of V, 40 to 60ppm of Be, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. A heat treatment method of a high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material, which is characterized in that the heat treatment system of the high-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material obtained in claim 1 is as follows: the temperature is kept at 190 +/-10 ℃ for 1-3h, and the method is suitable for high-pressure die-casting production.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100999797A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-07-18 | 莱茵费尔登炼铝厂有限责任公司 | Heat resistant aluminium alloy |
| JP2010077506A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum alloy sheet having excellent formability |
| CN108913962A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-11-30 | 山西瑞格金属新材料有限公司 | A kind of die casting high thermal conductivity aluminium alloy and its heat treatment method |
| CN109072356A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-21 | 莱茵费尔登合金有限责任两合公司 | Diecasting alloys |
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- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010691390.7A patent/CN111607725A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100999797A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-07-18 | 莱茵费尔登炼铝厂有限责任公司 | Heat resistant aluminium alloy |
| JP2010077506A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum alloy sheet having excellent formability |
| CN109072356A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-21 | 莱茵费尔登合金有限责任两合公司 | Diecasting alloys |
| US20190136350A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-05-09 | Rheinfelden Alloys Gmbh & Co. Kg | Alloy for Pressure Die-Casting |
| CN108913962A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-11-30 | 山西瑞格金属新材料有限公司 | A kind of die casting high thermal conductivity aluminium alloy and its heat treatment method |
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